山東省棗莊市市中區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末階段性質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省棗莊市市中區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末階段性質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題一、聽(tīng)力：略二、閱讀理解：本大題共15小題，每題2.5，共37.5分。AAhigh-endtrainjourneyenablesyoutoexperiencedestinationsatauniquepaceandintotalcomfortwhileenjoyingfirst-classservice.Thesearesomeofthemostexcitingrailroutestochoosefrom.GoldenPassExpress,SwitzerlandGoldenPassExpresstakespassengersfromMontreuxtoInterlaken.It’sathree-hourridewithfourdeparturesaday.Theheatedleatherseatscanrecline(后傾)androtate(旋轉(zhuǎn))180degrees.They’realsoraised15incheshighertoboosttheviewsovervineyards,greenvalleysandblue-iceglaciers.Aone-wayticketcosts￡115.LaDolceVita,ItalyLaDolceVitatrainservicetransportspassengerstoItalyofthe1960s.Therearealtogether30rooms—plusabarcarwherepassengerscanwatchappealingfieldsflybyasapianistplays.Avarietyofimpressiveoff-boardexperiencesareavailable,fromtouringvineyardsatMontalcinotoridinghorsesinAbruzzo.Aone-wayticketstartsat￡2,140.SpaciaX,JapanThistrainprovidesastylishwayofmakingthetwo-hourjourneybetweenTokyo’sAsakusastationandthecityofNikko.SpaciaXalsoincludescomfortablesofasandseats.Passengerscanappreciatethesceneryastheyshootpastmountains,waterfallsandtemples.TicketscanbeboughtonlineorfromanystationontheTobuline.Aone-wayticketstartsfrom￡7.50.TheVietage,VietnamTheVietagerunsbetweenDaNangandQuyNhoninsupremecomfort.TravelerscantakeinthebeautyoftheVietnamesecountrysideoverathirty-courselunchwithfreedrinks.Theticketpricealsoincludesahead-and-shouldermassage(按摩).Aone-wayticketis￡330.1.WhichofthefollowingmakesLaDolceVitastandout?A.Comfortableseats. B.Variousoff-boardexperiences.C.Onlineticketbooking. D.Ahead-and-shouldermassage.2.Whichoftherailroutesprovidesaheartylunch?A.SpaciaX,Japan. B.LaDolceVita,Italy.C.TheVietage,Vietnam. D.GoldenPassExpress,Switzerland.3.Whatdothefourrailrouteshaveincommon?A.Thetraveltime. B.Theticketprice. C.Thesuperiorservice. D.Theadjustableseats.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章是關(guān)于高端列車(chē)旅行的推薦介紹。文中詳細(xì)描述了幾條在全球不同地區(qū)的特色鐵路旅程，包括它們的起訖點(diǎn)、特色服務(wù)、票價(jià)以及旅行中的獨(dú)特體驗(yàn)，旨在向讀者推介奢華舒適的火車(chē)旅行選擇?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由LaDolceVita,Italy部分的“Avarietyofimpressiveoff-boardexperiencesareavailable,fromtouringvineyardsatMontalcinotoridinghorsesinAbruzzo.(從蒙塔奇諾的葡萄園之旅到阿布魯佐的騎馬，這里有各種令人印象深刻的下車(chē)體驗(yàn)。)”可知，LaDolceVita的特色在于其豐富的下車(chē)體驗(yàn)活動(dòng)。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由TheVietage,Vietnam部分中的“TravelerscantakeinthebeautyoftheVietnamesecountrysideoverathirty-courselunchwithfreedrinks.(在這里，游客可以飽覽越南鄉(xiāng)村的美景，享用30道菜的午餐和免費(fèi)飲料。)”可知，TheVietage,Vietnam路線(xiàn)提供豐盛的午餐。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ahigh-endtrainjourneyenablesyoutoexperiencedestinationsatauniquepaceandintotalcomfortwhileenjoyingfirst-classservice.Thesearesomeofthemostexcitingrailroutestochoosefrom.(一趟高端的火車(chē)之旅，讓你以獨(dú)特的節(jié)奏和完全舒適的體驗(yàn)?zāi)康牡?，同時(shí)享受一流的服務(wù)。這些是一些最令人興奮的鐵路路線(xiàn)可供選擇。)”因此，它們都體現(xiàn)了卓越的服務(wù)。故選C。BCarlWilhelmScheeleranksasoneofthegreatestscientistsofalltime,buthepaidabigpriceforthishonor.Bornin1742inpresent-dayGermany,Scheelelearnedaboutchemicalsfromhisparentsstartingatayoungage.Whenhewas14,hewassentawaytoGothenburg(哥德堡)tobecometheapprentice(學(xué)徒)ofafamilyfriend.Therehespenteightyearsstudyingchemistryandconductingexperimentslateintothenight.Next,ScheelemovedaroundtheHolyRomanEmpire,workingfordifferentchemistsandbecomingmorelearnedinhistrade.In1767,hemovedtoStockholm,wherehediscoveredtartaricacid(酒石酸).AfterthreeyearsinStockholm,hebecamethedirectoroftheLockeLaboratory.Itwasthere,whilehewasanalyzingastrangereaction,thatScheelebecamethefirstpersontoidentifyoxygen.Hecalledtheelement“fireair”becausehebelieved,basedonthetheoriesofhistime,thatasubstancethatmadeupfirewasreleasedfromitemswhentheyburned.Scheelebelievedoxygentobethissubstance,notunderstandingthatoxygenismerelyanelementthatfacilitates(促進(jìn))thechemicalreactionthatisfire.Ashistoricasthisdiscoverywas,Scheeleseldomgotcreditforit,largelybecauseEnglishscientistJosephPriestleypublishedfindingsonoxygenbeforeScheele,eventhoughitisnowgenerallyacceptedthatScheelemadetheactualdiscoveryfirst.Throughhiswork,hethusexposedhimselftomanyharmfulmaterials.ThesechemicalshadadeadlyeffectonScheele,andheeventuallydiedofkidneyfailurein1786.Sadly,inspiteofhismanyachievementsandthefactthathegavehislifetochemistry,CarlWilhelmScheeleisoftenforgotteninthehistoryofscience.Thoughhediscoveredmanyelementsbeforeotherbetter-knownscientistsdid,hisunwillingnesstobothattendmeetingsoftheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesandtopublishhisworkallowedotherscientiststotakecreditfordiscoveriesthathehadmade.4.WhofirsttaughtChemistrytoScheele?A.Hisparents. B.JosephPriestley. C.Hisfamilyfriend. D.TheHolyRomanEmpire.5.WhendidScheleprobablydiscoveroxygen?A.In1745. B.In1767. C.In1770. D.In1789.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“theelement”referto?A.Oxygen. B.Tartaricacid. C.Thestrangereaction. D.Thechemicalexperiment.7.WhatcanwelearnaboutScheelefromthetext?A.Hehasbeenworld-famoussincethe1700s. B.Heactuallydiedduetohisdangerouswork.C.HediscoveredoxygenlaterthanJosephPriestley. D.Hethoughthisfindingswerenotvaluableatall.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹的是科學(xué)家CarlWilhelmScheele的生平和主要成就?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Bornin1742inpresent-dayGermany,Scheelelearnedaboutchemicalsfromhisparentsstartingatayoungage.(舍勒于1742年出生在現(xiàn)在的德國(guó)，很小的時(shí)候就從父母那里學(xué)會(huì)了化學(xué)。)”可知，第一個(gè)教Scheele化學(xué)的是他的父母。故選A。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“In1767,hemovedtoStockholm,wherehediscoveredtartaricacid.(1767年，他移居斯德哥爾摩，在那里他發(fā)現(xiàn)了酒石酸。)”和第三段“AfterthreeyearsinStockholm,hebecamethedirectoroftheLockeLaboratory.Itwasthere,whilehewasanalyzingastrangereaction,thatScheelebecamethefirstpersontoidentifyoxygen.(在斯德哥爾摩呆了三年之后，他成為了洛克實(shí)驗(yàn)室的主任。正是在那里，當(dāng)他在分析一個(gè)奇怪的反應(yīng)時(shí)，Scheele成為第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)氧氣的人。)”可推知，Scheele可能是1770年發(fā)現(xiàn)氧氣的，故選C?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Scheelebecamethefirstpersontoidentifyoxygen.(Scheele成為第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)氧氣的人。)”和第四段該詞后的“Scheelebelievedoxygentobethissubstance(Scheele認(rèn)為氧是這種物質(zhì))”可知該詞指代“氧氣”。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Throughhiswork,hethusexposedhimselftomanyharmfulmaterials.ThesechemicalshadadeadlyeffectonScheele,andheeventuallydiedofkidneyfailurein1786.(通過(guò)他的工作，他接觸到了許多有害物質(zhì)。這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)對(duì)舍勒產(chǎn)生了致命的影響，他最終于1786年死于腎衰竭。)”可知，Scheele實(shí)際上是由于他的危險(xiǎn)工作而死的。故選B。CAnewstudyonbabybirdsshowsthattrafficnoisecanaffecttheirgrowthandleadtolifelongharm.Thefindingraisesnewconcernsabouttheeffectofnoisepollutiononwildlife—andhumansaswell.Researchersalreadyknewtoomuchnoiseislikelytodisturbbirds,makingitmoredifficultfortheparentstocommunicatewithandcarefortheirbabybirds.Butitwasn’tclearwhetherthenoiseitselfcoulddirectlyharmyoungbirds.MyleneMariette,abehavioralecologistatDeakinUniversity,andherteamsetouttoanswerthatquestionwithbirdsheldoncampusinMelbourne,Australia.For5nightsinarow,theyplayedeggseitherroadnoiseorbirdsongsforseveralhours.Thesoundswerekeptatavolumeof65decibels（分貝）—aboutthesameloudnessasaconversationinabarorcitytraffic.Othereggswereleftinsilence.Aftertheeggshatched,thebabybirdsreceivedoneoftwotreatments—roadnoiseorbirdsongs—foranother9nights.Thebabybirdsheardthesoundsinaseparateroom,andthenwerereturnedtotheirnests.Eggsexposedtotrafficsoundswere19%lesslikelytohatchcomparedwiththoseexposedtothesoundofsongs.Itshowsacleareffectoftrafficnoise,Mariettesays.Asthebabybirdsdeveloped,theyalsoshowedworryingdevelopmentsigns.Thoseexposedtonoisegrewslower.Moreover,whenthosebirdsgrewup,theyhadabouthalfasmanyoffspring（后代）asthebirdsexposedtosongsasyoungsters.HansSlabbekoorn,anecologistandanimalbehaviorexpertatLeidenUniversity,notesthattheseconcernsapplytohumansaswell.“Thefindingssuggestthattheacoustic（聽(tīng)覺(jué)的）environmentofbirdsincitiesandalonghighwaysshouldbebettermanaged,”hewrites,“andthattheacousticcomfortinhospitalenvironmentsforpregnantmothersandbabiesrequiresspecialattention.”Eventually,theresearchmighthelprevealhowmuchandinwhatwaysnoisepollutionshouldbereduced.8.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyfocusonaboutthestudy?A.Itsprocess. B.Itsresult. C.Itsdifficulty. D.Itspurpose.9.Howarethefindingsexplainedinparagraph4?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Byanalyzingreasons.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bymakingpredictions.10.Whatdothefindingsindicate?A.Movethebirdsfromcitiestoprotectedareas.B.Makelawstoclosehighwaysandothernoisyplaces.C.Educatepeopleonthebadeffectsofnoisepollution.D.Payspecialattentiontothehospitalenvironmentforbabies.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Trafficnoisehelpsbirdscommunicate B.ScientistshavefoundwaystoreducenoiseC.Hospitalenvironmentsaregreatlyaffected D.Trafficnoisecauseslifelongharmtobabybirds【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇科普說(shuō)明文，主要講述了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，交通噪音會(huì)影響小鳥(niǎo)的成長(zhǎng)并導(dǎo)致終身傷害，這也引發(fā)了對(duì)噪音污染對(duì)野生動(dòng)物和人類(lèi)影響的新的擔(dān)憂(yōu)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“MyleneMariette,abehavioralecologistatDeakinUniversity,andherteamsetouttoanswerthatquestionwithbirdsheldoncampusinMelbourne,Australia.For5nightsinarow,theyplayedeggseitherroadnoiseorbirdsongsforseveralhours.Thesoundswerekeptatavolumeof65decibels（分貝）—aboutthesameloudnessasaconversationinabarorcitytraffic.Othereggswereleftinsilence.Aftertheeggshatched,thebabybirdsreceivedoneoftwotreatments—roadnoiseorbirdsongs—foranother9nights.Thebabybirdsheardthesoundsinaseparateroom,andthenwerereturnedtotheirnests.”（迪肯大學(xué)的行為生態(tài)學(xué)家MyleneMariette和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)開(kāi)始用澳大利亞墨爾本校園里飼養(yǎng)的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)來(lái)回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。連續(xù)5個(gè)晚上，他們連續(xù)幾個(gè)小時(shí)播放道路噪音或鳥(niǎo)鳴。這些聲音的音量被控制在65分貝——大約與酒吧里的談話(huà)或城市交通中的聲音相同。其他的蛋被靜靜地留在那里。蛋孵化后，雛鳥(niǎo)在接下來(lái)的9個(gè)晚上接受兩種處理方式中的一種——道路噪音或鳥(niǎo)鳴。幼鳥(niǎo)在一個(gè)單獨(dú)的房間里聽(tīng)到了這些聲音，然后被送回了它們的巢。）可知，第三段主要關(guān)于研究的過(guò)程。故選A。【9題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Eggsexposedtotrafficsoundswere19%lesslikelytohatchcomparedwiththoseexposedtothesoundofsongs.Itshowsacleareffectoftrafficnoise,Mariettesays.Asthebabybirdsdeveloped,theyalsoshowedworryingdevelopmentsigns.Thoseexposedtonoisegrewslower.Moreover,whenthosebirdsgrewup,theyhadabouthalfasmanyoffspring（后代）asthebirdsexposedtosongsasyoungsters.”（與那些暴露在歌聲中的蛋相比，暴露在交通聲音中的蛋孵化的可能性要低19%。Mariette說(shuō)，這顯示了交通噪音的明顯影響。隨著幼鳥(niǎo)的發(fā)育，它們也表現(xiàn)出令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的發(fā)育跡象。那些暴露在噪音中的鳥(niǎo)生長(zhǎng)得更慢。此外，當(dāng)這些鳥(niǎo)長(zhǎng)大后，它們的后代數(shù)量大約是幼年時(shí)聽(tīng)過(guò)歌聲的鳥(niǎo)的一半。）可知，第4段通過(guò)對(duì)比解釋調(diào)查結(jié)果。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thefindingssuggestthattheacoustic（聽(tīng)覺(jué)的）environmentofbirdsincitiesandalonghighwaysshouldbebettermanaged,”hewrites,“andthattheacousticcomfortinhospitalenvironmentsforpregnantmothersandbabiesrequiresspecialattention.”（研究結(jié)果表明，城市和高速公路沿線(xiàn)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的聲環(huán)境應(yīng)該得到更好的管理，”他寫(xiě)道，“醫(yī)院環(huán)境中孕婦和嬰兒的聲舒適需要特別注意?！保┛芍?，要特別注意嬰兒的醫(yī)院環(huán)境。故選D?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Anewstudyonbabybirdsshowsthattrafficnoisecanaffecttheirgrowthandleadtolifelongharm.”（一項(xiàng)關(guān)于幼鳥(niǎo)的新研究表明，交通噪音會(huì)影響它們的生長(zhǎng)，并導(dǎo)致終身傷害。）可知，主要講述了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，交通噪音會(huì)影響小鳥(niǎo)的成長(zhǎng)并導(dǎo)致終身傷害，這也引發(fā)了對(duì)噪音污染對(duì)野生動(dòng)物和人類(lèi)影響的新的擔(dān)憂(yōu)。所以短文的標(biāo)題為“交通噪音對(duì)幼鳥(niǎo)造成終身傷害”。故選D。DAbotisasoftwareprogramthatoftenworksbyitselfontheinternettoperformthesamekindsofactionsashumansdo.Thereport,producedbyCalifornia-basedinternetsecuritycompanyImperva,foundthat49.6percentofworldwideinternettraffic(互聯(lián)網(wǎng)流量)camefrombotsin2023,whilefromhumanusersfellto50.4percent.Imperva’sstudyalsofoundthatwebtrafficlinkedto“badbots”grewto32percentin2023,ariseof30.2percentfrom2022.NanhiSingh,asecurityadvisoratImperva,saidthatbotsarecurrentlyoneofgrowingthreatsfacingalmosteveryindustry.Botsaregenerallydesignedtovisitwebsitesandindependentlysearchformanykindsofonlineinformation.Theyareabletooperateatmuchgreaterspeedsthanhumansandcanprocessrepeatedsearchesandprocesslargeamountsofdata.OnlinesearchadvisorYoastnotesthatsomebotsareconsideredgoodbecausetheycanbeusefultoindividualsthroughtoolssuchasOpenAI’schatbot,ChatGPT.Someothersareconsideredmalicious,becausetheyaretrainedtohack,orbreakintonetworkcomputersystems.Thesekindsofbotspretendthemselvesashumansandcollectprivatedataorfinancialinformationthatcanbeusedtocommitcrimes.Andsomebotsareevendesignedtospreadmisinformationandfalsenews.Thestudyalsosuggestedthatsomecountrieshaveamuchbiggerproblemwithbadbotsthanothers.Webtrafficlinkedtobadbotsin2023accountedfor71percentinIrelandwhileGermanywasnext,with67.5percent.ThepercentageofMexicoandtheUSAwasreportedtobe42.8percentand35.4percentrespectively.Impervaevenreportedthatbadbotactivitywouldleadtoaccounttakeovers,whichincreased10percentin2023over2022.Thehighestnumberofaccounttakeovers—36.8percent—happenedinthefinancialservicesindustry.Nextwasthetravelindustry,with11.5percent,followedbybusinessservicesateightpercent.NanhiSinghsaidtheproblemislikelytoworsenincomingyearstothepointwheresuchbotswouldexisteverywhere.Sheurgedorganizationstointroducebotmanagementandsecuritytoolsinanefforttolimitautomatedtrafficandpreventdangerousaccounttakeovers.12.WhatdidImperva’sstudyfind?A.Badbotscaused49.6%ofwebtrafficin2023.B.Trafficfromhumanusersfelltothesecondin2023.C.Webtrafficlinkedto“badbots”rosesharplyin2023.D.Nearlyhalfoftheworld’swebtrafficwascausedbybadbotsin2023.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“malicious”inParagraph2mean?A.Useful. B.Dependable. C.Harmful. D.Irresponsible.14.WhatisNanhiSingh’sattitudetowardscurrentsituationofwebtraffic?A.Optimistic. B.Satisfied. C.Concerned. D.Conservative.15.Whatcanbelearnedaboutbotsfromthepassage?A.Everyindustryiscurrentlythreatenedbybots.B.Botscanbebothhelpfulandtroublesome.C.Botscansearchforonlineinformationbythemselves.D.WebtrafficlinkedtobadbotswasthemostseriousprobleminIrelandin2023.【答案】12.C13.C14.C15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全公司Imperva發(fā)現(xiàn)全球近半互聯(lián)網(wǎng)流量是機(jī)器人產(chǎn)生的。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thereport,producedbyCalifornia-basedinternetsecuritycompanyImperva,foundthat49.6percentofworldwideinternettraffic(互聯(lián)網(wǎng)流量)camefrombotsin2023,whilefromhumanusersfellto50.4percent.Imperva’sstudyalsofoundthatwebtrafficlinkedto“badbots”grewto32percentin2023,ariseof30.2percentfrom2022.(這份由總部位于加州的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全公司Imperva制作的報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，到2023年，全球49.6%的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)流量來(lái)自機(jī)器人，而來(lái)自人類(lèi)用戶(hù)的流量則降至50.4%。Imperva的研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，與“不良機(jī)器人”相關(guān)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量在2023年增長(zhǎng)到32%，比2022年增長(zhǎng)了30.2%)”可知，與壞機(jī)器人相關(guān)的流量在2023年急劇增長(zhǎng)。故選C?！?3題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)詞上文“OnlinesearchadvisorYoastnotesthatsomebotsareconsideredgoodbecausetheycanbeusefultoindividualsthroughtoolssuchasOpenAI’schatbot,ChatGPT.(在線(xiàn)搜索顧問(wèn)Yoast指出，一些機(jī)器人被認(rèn)為是好的，因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢酝ㄟ^(guò)OpenAI的聊天機(jī)器人ChatGPT等工具對(duì)個(gè)人有用)”以及后文“becausetheyaretrainedtohack,orbreakintonetworkcomputersystems”可知，它們被訓(xùn)練去非法入侵或闖入計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)，即其他機(jī)器人被認(rèn)為是有害的。故劃線(xiàn)詞意思是“有害的”。故選C?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“NanhiSinghsaidtheproblemislikelytoworsenincomingyearstothepointwheresuchbotswouldexisteverywhere.(南?！ば粮裾f(shuō)，這個(gè)問(wèn)題在未來(lái)幾年可能會(huì)惡化，直到這樣的機(jī)器人無(wú)處不在)”可知，他的態(tài)度是擔(dān)心的。故選C。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“OnlinesearchadvisorYoastnotesthatsomebotsareconsideredgoodbecausetheycanbeusefultoindividualsthroughtoolssuchasOpenAI’schatbot,ChatGPT.Someothersareconsideredmalicious,becausetheyaretrainedtohack,orbreakintonetworkcomputersystems.(在線(xiàn)搜索顧問(wèn)Yoast指出，一些機(jī)器人被認(rèn)為是好的，因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢酝ㄟ^(guò)OpenAI的聊天機(jī)器人ChatGPT等工具對(duì)個(gè)人有用。其他一些人被認(rèn)為是惡意的，因?yàn)樗麄兪苓^(guò)黑客攻擊或闖入網(wǎng)絡(luò)計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的訓(xùn)練)”可知，機(jī)器人即可以是有幫助的，也可以是麻煩的。故選B。三、閱讀七選五：本大題共5小題，每題2.5，共12.5分。Self-improvementisuniversaltothehumanexperience.____16____Perhapsyouwanttoloseweight,improveyourskillsinacertainarea,bemorecomfortablesocially,behappier,orbemoreproductive.Whatevertheultimateimprovementdesiredisinordertoachieveit,youmaybenefitfromidentifyingyourspecificgoals,makingchanges,anddealingwithsetbacks.____17____Thinkingaboutfuturepositiveandnegativepossibilitiesenhances(增強(qiáng))motivation,expectationofsuccessfulgoalcompletion,andcommitmenttoself-improvement.Thinkingaboutapositivefuturehelpsyouimaginearealityofwhereyouarethebestselfyoucanbe,whileimagininganegativerealityresultsinanawarenessofwhatmighthappenifyoudonotmeetyourimprovementgoals.Determinewhatneedsimprovementandwhatdoesn’t.Itisimportanttobespecificinyourgoals,andtoknowwhichgoalsareatoppriority.Identifyyourassets(honest,hard-working,loving,etc.)andyourliabilities(惹麻煩的事)(angry,overweight,etc.).____18____Prioritizeyourlistofgoals.Rateeachgoalfrom1–10,10beingthehighestpriorityforyou.Focusonthisgoalfirst.Getfeedback.____19____Thus,askingothers,waysyoucanimprovewillhelpyoudevelopspecificgoalsandmotivateyouonyourjourney.Makesmartgoals.____20____Forexample,yourgoalcouldbetolose20pounds(specific,measurable,attainable)in3months(realistic,time-bound).Seekoutinformationonhowtopursuethatchange,informationcanbegatheredfrombooks,articles,friends,families,andprofessionals.Itisamazinghowmuchinformationyouwillfindwhenyouareready.A.It’simportanttochangeourselves.B.Imaginewhatitcouldbelikeinthefuture.C.Weallhavethingswe’dliketochangeaboutourselves.D.Smartgoalsarespecific,measurable,attainable,realistic.E.Thismayhelpyouidentifywhereyoucanmakethemostimprovement.F.Whatyouwantedtoimproveyourselfhappenedinthemid-nightsomehow.G.Reflectingwhattoimprovehelpsindividuals’performance,andenhancesgoal-achievement.【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.G20.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了如何自我提升的幾點(diǎn)建議。【16題詳析】本段首句“Self-improvementisuniversaltothehumanexperience.”（自我提升對(duì)于人的經(jīng)歷很普遍）暗示此處說(shuō)的是關(guān)于我們自身，我們都有想要改變的事情，空后列出了一些具體的事情，此處起承上啟下的作用。C選項(xiàng)中的“changeaboutourselves”和前句中的“Self-improvement”表述相一致。故選C（我們都有自己想改變的東西）。【17題詳析】后文中的“Thinkingaboutfuturepositive”（積極地思考未來(lái)）暗示了此處說(shuō)的是關(guān)于未來(lái)方面的內(nèi)容，B選項(xiàng)“Imaginewhatitcouldbelikeinthefuture”與后文中的“Thinkingaboutfuture”相一致。故選B（想象一下未來(lái)會(huì)是什么樣子）。【18題詳析】空前說(shuō)一句說(shuō)確定你的資產(chǎn)（誠(chéng)實(shí)、勤奮、有愛(ài)心等）和你的負(fù)債（憤怒、超重等），此處總結(jié)上文，說(shuō)的是這樣做的好處，E選項(xiàng)中的“This”指代前面所采取的措施。故選E（這可能有助于你確定哪些方面可以做出最大的改進(jìn)）?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“Getfeedback”（得到反饋）可知，此處承接上文，說(shuō)的是收到應(yīng)該怎么改進(jìn)的信息反饋有助于改變個(gè)人的表現(xiàn)、增強(qiáng)成就感。G選項(xiàng)中的“improve”、“goal-achievement”與后文中的“improve”、“specificgoals”相一致。故選G（反思需要改進(jìn)的內(nèi)容有助于個(gè)人的績(jī)效，提高目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)）。【20題詳析】根據(jù)空前的“smartgoals”和空后的“specific，measurable，attainable，realistic”可知，此處說(shuō)的是聰明的目標(biāo)的具體特征，故選D（聰明的目標(biāo)應(yīng)當(dāng)是具體的、可量化的、可實(shí)現(xiàn)的、現(xiàn)實(shí)的）。四、完形填空：本大題共15小題，每題1分，共15分。ArinnFilerstartedteachingsocialstudiesatHumanitiesandArtsAcademyinLosAngelesinOctober,2019.Shequickly___21___thatmanyofherstudentswerefootball___22___.Oneofthem—asophomore—alreadyhadanoffertoplayatUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Duringfootballseasons,manyplayersdidn’thavetimefor___23___betweenschool,practicesand___24___.Filerwantedtomakesurethesestudent-athleteshadanappointedteacherto___25___them.Shecreatedaclassforathletestocompletework,brushuponstudyskillsandplanouttheirclassesto___26___thattheywereacademically___27___—thattheywereabletoplayincollege.“IliketoworkwiththeathletesbecauseIfeellikethey___28___haveaplacetogoonourcampus,”shesaid.She___29___theirreportcards,talkedtothemabouttheirgradesandledlessonson____30____skills,likegoal-setting.Oneofherco-workers,LaNeaAustin,whoteachesEnglish,toldNPRreporters,“Nomatterwhat,shehelps____31____afuturefortheseathletes.”Filer’sfootballplayerswonthestatechampionshipinthefall,andmanygot____32____frombig-namefootballschools.Butshealsotooktimeto____33____themwithpathstocollegesothattheydidn’t____34____gettingrecruitedtoplaysports.“Givebacktosomeoneelseandbean____35____tosomeoneelse,”Filertoldherstudents.“That’swhatwillmakemehappy.”21.A.proved B.noticed C.announced D.acknowledged22.A.fans B.judges C.players D.coaches23.A.dinner B.homework C.relaxation D.pleasure24.A.games B.classes C.holidays D.traditions25.A.train B.control C.guide D.remind26.A.discover B.imagine C.indicate D.ensure27.A.related B.qualified C.gifted D.divided28.A.absolutely B.virtually C.apparently D.finally29.A.checked B.designed C.delivered D.exchanged30.A.mental B.physical C.athletic D.specific31.A.chart B.predict C.fund D.realize32.A.wages B.inquiries C.offers D.results33.A.connect B.compare C.present D.entertain34.A.keepon B.dependon C.feedon D.insiston35.A.inspiration B.impression C.excuse D.award【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.C26.D27.B28.D29.A30.D31.A32.C33.C34.B35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。介紹了一位社會(huì)研究教師ArinnFiler幫助自己班上的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)，最終球員在秋季贏得了州冠軍，許多人都得到了為知名足球?qū)W校踢球的機(jī)會(huì)的故事。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她很快注意到她的許多學(xué)生都是足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。A.proved證明；B.noticed注意到；C.announced宣布；D.acknowledged承認(rèn)。根據(jù)后文“manyofherstudentswerefootball______”可知，她很快就注意到她的許多學(xué)生都是足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員這件事。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她很快注意到她的許多學(xué)生都是足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。A.fans粉絲；B.judges裁判；C.players運(yùn)動(dòng)員；D.coaches教練。根據(jù)后文“manyplayers”可知，她的許多學(xué)生都是足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在足球賽季中，許多球員沒(méi)有時(shí)間在學(xué)校、訓(xùn)練和比賽之間做作業(yè)。A.dinner晚餐；B.homework作業(yè)；C.relaxation放松；D.pleasure樂(lè)趣。根據(jù)前文“manyofherstudents”和下文“Shecreatedaclassforathletestocompletework”可知，他們都是學(xué)生，需要寫(xiě)作業(yè)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在足球賽季中，許多球員沒(méi)有時(shí)間在學(xué)校、訓(xùn)練和比賽之間做作業(yè)。A.games比賽；B.classes班級(jí)；C.holidays假日；D.traditions傳統(tǒng)。根據(jù)前文“Duringfootballseasons”可知，足球賽季會(huì)有很多比賽。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Filer想要確保這些學(xué)生運(yùn)動(dòng)員有一個(gè)指定的老師來(lái)指導(dǎo)他們。A.train訓(xùn)練；B.control控制；C.guide指導(dǎo)；D.remind提醒。根據(jù)前文“manyplayersdidn’thavetimefor______”及“anappointedteacher”可知，由于在足球賽季，學(xué)生沒(méi)有時(shí)間寫(xiě)作業(yè)，所以Filer想要確保這些學(xué)生運(yùn)動(dòng)員有一個(gè)指定的老師來(lái)指導(dǎo)他們學(xué)習(xí)。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她為運(yùn)動(dòng)員開(kāi)設(shè)了一門(mén)課程，讓他們完成任務(wù)，提高學(xué)習(xí)技巧，并計(jì)劃他們的課程，以確保他們?cè)趯W(xué)術(shù)上合格。A.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.imagine想象；C.indicate表明；D.ensure確保。根據(jù)后文“theywereacademically______”可知，F(xiàn)iler做這些事是為了能確保學(xué)生們的學(xué)術(shù)成績(jī)合格。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她為運(yùn)動(dòng)員開(kāi)設(shè)了一門(mén)課程，讓他們完成任務(wù)，提高學(xué)習(xí)技巧，并計(jì)劃他們的課程，以確保他們?cè)趯W(xué)術(shù)上合格。A.related有關(guān)系的；B.qualified合格的；C.gifted有天賦的；D.divided分裂的。根據(jù)后文“thattheywereabletoplayincollege”可知，F(xiàn)iler做這些事是為了能確保學(xué)生們的學(xué)術(shù)成績(jī)合格，能夠在大學(xué)繼續(xù)踢球。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“我喜歡和這些運(yùn)動(dòng)員一起工作，因?yàn)槲矣X(jué)得他們終于在我們的校園有了一席之地”她說(shuō)。A.absolutely絕對(duì)地；B.virtually事實(shí)上；C.apparently顯然；D.finally終于。根據(jù)后文“haveaplacetogoonourcampus”可知，F(xiàn)iler認(rèn)為這些學(xué)生運(yùn)動(dòng)員經(jīng)過(guò)努力終于在校園有了一席之地。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她查看他們的成績(jī)單，和他們談?wù)撍麄兊某煽?jī)，并指導(dǎo)他們學(xué)習(xí)特定的技能，比如設(shè)定目標(biāo)。A.checked檢查，查看；B.designed設(shè)計(jì)；C.delivered遞送；D.exchanged交換。根據(jù)后文“talkedtothemabouttheirgrades”可知，F(xiàn)iler會(huì)查看學(xué)生們的成績(jī)單，和學(xué)生們交流他們的成績(jī)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她查看他們的成績(jī)單，和他們談?wù)撍麄兊某煽?jī)，并指導(dǎo)他們學(xué)習(xí)特定的技能，比如設(shè)定目標(biāo)。A.mental心理的；B.physical身體的；C.athletic運(yùn)動(dòng)的；D.specific具體的。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)ikegoal-setting”可知，F(xiàn)iler會(huì)指導(dǎo)他們學(xué)習(xí)特定的技能，比如設(shè)定目標(biāo)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的一位同事，教英語(yǔ)的LaNeaAustin告訴NPR記者：“無(wú)論是什么，她都幫助這些運(yùn)動(dòng)員規(guī)劃未來(lái)?！盇.chart繪制；B.predict預(yù)測(cè)；C.fund資助；D.realize意識(shí)到。根據(jù)后文“afuturefortheseathletes”可知，F(xiàn)iler幫助這些學(xué)生規(guī)劃他們的未來(lái)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Filer的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在秋天贏得了州冠軍，許多人得到了名牌足球?qū)W校的錄取通知。A.wages工資；B.inquiries詢(xún)問(wèn)；C.offers錄取通知；提議；D.results結(jié)果。根據(jù)“wonthestatechampionship”和后文“frombig-namefootballschools”可知，球隊(duì)贏得冠軍后許多人得到了名牌足球?qū)W校的錄取通知。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但她也花時(shí)間向他們介紹上大學(xué)的途徑，這樣他們就不必依賴(lài)于被錄取參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。A.connect聯(lián)系；B.compare比較；C.present展示，提出；D.entertain使娛樂(lè)。根據(jù)后文“withpathstocollege”可知，F(xiàn)iler花時(shí)間向?qū)W生們介紹除了進(jìn)入足球?qū)W校之外的上大學(xué)的途徑。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：但她也花時(shí)間向他們介紹上大學(xué)的途徑，這樣他們就不必依賴(lài)于被錄取參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。A.keepon繼續(xù)；B.dependon依靠；C.feedon以……為食；D.insiston堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)前文“withpathstocollege”及后文“gettingrecruitedtoplaysports”可知，F(xiàn)iler花時(shí)間向?qū)W生們介紹除了進(jìn)入足球?qū)W校之外的上大學(xué)的途徑，給他們更多選擇，這樣他們就不必依賴(lài)足球方面的特長(zhǎng)進(jìn)入大學(xué)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“回饋他人，激勵(lì)他人，”Filer告訴她的學(xué)生?！斑@才會(huì)讓我開(kāi)心?！盇.inspiration鼓舞；B.impression印象；C.excuse借口；D.award獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。根據(jù)前文“Givebacktosomeoneelse”并結(jié)合Filer為了讓學(xué)生們提高學(xué)術(shù)成績(jī)付出的努力可知，回饋他人，激勵(lì)他人使Filer開(kāi)心。故選A項(xiàng)。五、語(yǔ)法填空：本大題共1題，每題1.5，共15分。閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Mobilepaymentreferstoacashlesspaymentmethodusingmobiledevices____36____(purchase)goodsorservices.Overthepastdecade,mobilepayment____37____(become)themainpaymentmethodinChina.Whethershopping,eatingortraveling,mobilepaymentiseverywhereandpopular.IthasbeenthebusinesscardofChina’stechnologicalinnovation.NFC,QRcode,face____38____(recognize)andothertechnologieshavebeencombinedwithvariousproductionandlifeapplications,____39____hasfacilitatedpeople’slifeandpromotedsocialandtechnologicalinnovation.Bothonlineshoppingandofflinelargeshoppingmallsbegantoprovideconsumers____40____mobilepaymentmethodssuchascodescanningpayment,____41____(create)moreconvenientshoppingexperience.Althoughcreditcardpayment____42____(launch)inAmericainthe1950s,itsspeedofpopularizingmobilepaymentisveryslowintheInternetera.In2019,thescaleofmobilepaymentinAmericawasonly$112billion,while____43____inChinawas$9trillion.Nowadays,indailyroutine,peopleinChina____44____(basic)onlyneedtocarryamobilephone.ManyAmericansareamazedbythepowerandconvenience____45____(bring)byChina’smobilepayment.【答案】36.topurchase37.hasbecome38.recognition39.which40.with41.creating42.waslaunched43.that44.basically45.brought【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了移動(dòng)支付這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)在中國(guó)的迅速普及以及它給我們生活帶來(lái)的方便?！?6題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：移動(dòng)支付是指使用移動(dòng)設(shè)備購(gòu)買(mǎi)商品或服務(wù)的無(wú)現(xiàn)金支付方式。usesth.todosth.為固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以此空應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞不定式作形式。故填topurchase?！?7題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去的十年里，移動(dòng)支付已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)的主要支付方式。此空作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)mobilepayment與become為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，再由Overthepastdecade可知，這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是mobilepayment，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。故填hasbecome?！?8題詳析】考查名詞。句意：NFC、二維碼、人臉識(shí)別等技術(shù)與各種生產(chǎn)生活應(yīng)用相結(jié)合，方便了人們的生活，促進(jìn)了社會(huì)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。根據(jù)本句and前后并列的都是名詞短語(yǔ)可知，本空要使用動(dòng)詞recognize的名詞形式recognition，為不可數(shù)名詞，在本句中作主語(yǔ)。故填recognition?！?9題詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：NFC、二維碼、人臉識(shí)別等技術(shù)與各種生產(chǎn)生活應(yīng)用相結(jié)合，方便了人們的生活，促進(jìn)了社會(huì)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前邊的整個(gè)句子，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用which引導(dǎo)從句。故填which?！?0題詳析】考查介詞。句意：無(wú)論是線(xiàn)上購(gòu)物還是線(xiàn)下大型商場(chǎng)，都開(kāi)始為消費(fèi)者提供掃碼支付等移動(dòng)支付方式，創(chuàng)造更便捷的購(gòu)物體驗(yàn)。providesb.withsth.為固定搭配，表示“給某人提供某物”。故填with。【41題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：無(wú)論是線(xiàn)上購(gòu)物還是線(xiàn)下大型商場(chǎng)，都開(kāi)始為消費(fèi)者提供掃碼支付等移動(dòng)支付方式，創(chuàng)造更便捷的購(gòu)物體驗(yàn)。句中已有謂語(yǔ)began，空處作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合語(yǔ)意可知，線(xiàn)上線(xiàn)下均提供移動(dòng)支付方式，自然而然的結(jié)果是創(chuàng)造更便捷的購(gòu)物體驗(yàn)，所以空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故填creating?！?2題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：盡管信用卡支付是在20世紀(jì)50年代在美國(guó)推出的，但在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代，其普及移動(dòng)支付的速度非常緩慢。由inthe1950s可知，although引導(dǎo)的從句要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且creditcardpayment與launch為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是creditcardpayment，be動(dòng)詞使用was。故填waslaunched?！?3題詳析】考查代詞。句意：2019年，美國(guó)的移