Unit4ExploringliteratureGrammarandusage課件-高中英語譯林版(2020)2

Unit4GrammarModalverbs

“目錄Self-study01Presentation02Practice03Homework04CONTENTSAExploringtherulesBelowisawebsitearticleabouthowtochoosebooks.Findthesentencesthatusemodalverbsandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.Readthewebsitearticleandcompletethemindmap.Tosolvetheproblemof"whatshallIread?"Getideasfrom____________.Developyour___________.differentsourcesowntasteAskfriends,parents,andteachersto____________books.recommendReadbook_________innewspapers,inmagazinesoronline.reviewsLookforbooksonthat_________interestyou.Lookthroughthe__________inlibrary.topicscollectionsBelowisawebsitearticleabouthowtochoosebooks.Findthesentencesthatusemodalverbsandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.1WhatshallIread?2.Youmighthaveaskedyourselfthisquestionmorethanonce.3....youcangetideasfromdifferentsources...4.Tostartwith,......whatbooksyououghttoread.5.Teachersinparticularcanprovidesuggestionsforinterestingreadingmaterialsthatcanbefoundinthelibraryorbookshopeasily.6.Youcouldalsoreadbookreviewsinnewspapers,inmagzinesoronline.7.Abookreviewcanoftentellyouwhetherabookisworthreadingornot.8.Theseideasshouldpointyouintherigthdirection,9.However,youmustalsodecideforyourselfwhatkindofbookstoread.10.Youdonothavetoreadabookjustbecauseeveryonerecommendsit.11.Overtime,youmayfindyourselfbetterabletoseekoutbookstoyourtasteandenjoyreadingallthemore.WorkingouttherulesModelverbscanexpressabilityornecessity.Theycanalsomakesuggestionsordescribetheprobabilityofanevent.Thesame

modal

verbcanhavedifferentfunctions.Modal

verbscanbefollowedby_____________.Youcanchoosemorethanoneanswerfortheblank.a

do(thebaseform)dbedone(thepassivevoice)b

doing(theverb-ingform)ebedoing(thecontinuousform)cdid(thepastform)fhavedone(theperfectform)a,d,e,fSuggestionAbilityNecessityPossibility1,3,65,74,9,102,8,11CheckanswersModalVerb（情態(tài)動詞）情態(tài)動詞表示說話人的語氣和情態(tài),如需要、可能、必須、應(yīng)該等。常見的情態(tài)動詞有:can,could,may,might,must,oughtto,shall,should,will和

would。另外，dare,need,haveto和usedto也具有情態(tài)動詞的某些特性。Self-studycan/could→表能力、

、

。must→表

、肯定推測。may/might→表

、推測

。shall/should→表義務(wù)，_________，推測。will/would→表

、意愿、

。讀P99,情態(tài)動詞，并填空。建議、請求、許可可能性必要性請求/許可習(xí)慣請求建議Presentation情態(tài)動詞的語法特征1.情態(tài)動詞

不能單獨做謂語,須后接動詞原形，構(gòu)成謂語動詞。2.情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱，時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化，但有些情態(tài)動詞，如can,may,will,shall也有一般式和過去式的變化。情態(tài)動詞+V原Practice(完成P49,B1)

a

CanIkeepthebookformorethantwoweeks?

bNickcanreadmoreinanafternoonthanIcaninaweek!

cCanMaryfinishWarandPeaceinamonth?aIamafraidImay

be

unabletofinishthisnoveltoday.

bItmay

be

difficultforpeopletoagreeonwhatgoodliteratureis.

cYou

may

gotothelibrarytomorrowafternoon,ifyouhavetime.√√aImustfinishwritingthebookreviewandhanditinbefore...

bYoumustbetiredafterthreehours’reading.cStudentsmustdevelopthehabitofreadingclassicliterature.aHenryshouldbereadingbooksinthelibrary.

bIhavefiftydollars—thatshouldbeenoughforthreebooks.

cReadingEnglishnovels...—youshouldtryittoo.√√請求許可能力能力推測推測請求許可必須推測必須推測推測建議（4組）can/could,(能夠)may/might,(可以)

shall/should,(應(yīng)該)will/would(將要)（4對）haveto(不得不),hadbetter(最好),oughtto(應(yīng)該),usedto(過去常常)（3個）must,need(必要),dare(敢于)4

4

3常見的情態(tài)動詞：Presentation2情態(tài)動詞的基本用法（一）can/could1.表能夠做某事（具備某種能力）；could主要指過去能夠；

Twoeyescanseemorethanone.

Couldthegirlreadbeforeshewenttoschool?

2.表建議或請求許可；用于疑問句中表請求（could表示的語氣更加委婉）；用于否定句中表不允許。

CanIhavealookatyournewpen?

Youcan’twearjeansatwork.Presentation23.表推測，多用于否定或疑問句中；若用于肯定句中表常有的行為和情形，意為“有時會/可能”；

Thatcan’tbe

Mary—she’sinNewYork.(“不可能是”)

Hecanbestubbornsometimes.

Itcanbecoldhereinwinter.4.表疑惑或驚訝等情緒，意為“究竟能；難道會；到底是”。

Whatcantheybedoing?他們究竟在干些什么？

Wherecanshehaveputit?她到底把它放哪了？Presentation2（二）must1.must用于肯定句中表說話人的必須；或堅決要求某人做某事；否定mustn’t表禁止。

Imustgotothebankandgetsomemoney.

Carsmustn’tparkinfrontoftheentrance.2.在以must開頭的疑問句中,肯定回答用must;否定回答用needn’t或don’thaveto。

—Mustwehandinourexercisebooksnow?

—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t./No,youdon’thaveto.

Presentation23.表示肯定的推測。意為“想必、一定”等,只用于肯定句。Hemustbeill.Helookssopale.

She’swearingadiamondnecklace.Shemusthavealotofmoney.4.用于短語

ifyoumust(dosth)

,表雖然不贊同但可允許,意為“如果你一定要……的話”?！?/p>

CanIsmokehere?

—

Ifyoumust.haveto：表示客觀需要，意為"不得不，必須"，強調(diào)客觀上的必要性。Youhavetobebackbefore10o'clockbecausethetrainistoleaveat10;15.Presentation2（三）will/would1.表意愿，用于各種人稱的陳述句;Iwilldoanythingforyou.Theywon’tlendusanymoremoney.2.表請求許可、建議，用于疑問句;

Willyousendthisletterforme,please?

Wouldyoumindleavingmealoneforafewminutes?3.表習(xí)慣;Hewouldspendhoursonthetelephone.Presentation2（四）may/might1.表請求許可，might指語氣更委婉。Youmaytakewhateveryoulike.

May(Might)Iaskforaphotoofyourbaby?2.表推測。might可能性比may小。Hemaybeathome,butI’mnotsure.

Shemay/mightnotknowaboutit.

3.may還可表祝愿。

Mayyousucceed!Presentation2（五）should1.表建議或義務(wù),意為“應(yīng)該”，用于各種人稱；

Youshouldbepolitetoyourteachers.

Youshouldn’twasteanytime.

2.表推測，意為“可能會、估計”等；

Thefilmshouldbeverygoodasitisstarringfirst-classactors.

Theyshouldbehomebynow.

shall：表示征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵荆糜谥髡Z是第一或第三人稱的疑問句中。ShallIgiveyouthebooktomorrow?我明天給你這本書，可以嗎?Shallshegonow?她現(xiàn)在可以走了嗎?shall：表示說話人的命令、警告、許諾或威脅等，用于主語是第二或第三人稱的陳述句中。Youshall

doasItellyou.你要按照我說的做。Heshall

bepunished.他會受到懲罰的。shall：用在條約、規(guī)定、法令等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定，一般用于第三人稱且用于陳述句中，意為"應(yīng)該,必須"。NopersonshallcarryamobilephoneintotheexaminationroomduringtheCollegeEntranceExamination.在高考時任何人都不能將手機帶進考場。Presentation2(六)oughtto表義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該”,語氣比should稍重。

Youarehisfather.Yououghttotakecareofhim.

Yououghtn’ttosmokesomuch.

Presentation2(七)雙性動詞need,dare1.可作實義動詞,

由人稱、時態(tài)和單復(fù)數(shù)之分，常后接todo。eg:Weneed

tofinishthejobbeforedark.Hedoesn'tdareto

answermyquestion.2.

可作情態(tài)動詞,

無人稱、單復(fù)數(shù)之分。

eg:Hedaren’tspeakEnglishinpublic.

Youneedn’tworry

aboutit.Summary2can/could→表能力、

、

。must→表

、推測。may/might→表

、

推測

、祝愿。should→表

建議,義務(wù)，推測。will/would→表

、意愿、

。建議/請求許可推測必須請求許可習(xí)慣請求強弱must

必須(強調(diào)主觀看法)haveto不得不(強調(diào)客觀事實)can

不大客氣could常用shall一般疑問句中should應(yīng)該may常用might過分謙卑考點2一、情態(tài)動詞表推測1.對現(xiàn)在或客觀事實的肯定推測must：肯定；準是；想必是should：很可能；應(yīng)該…,指按常理推測may/might：也許；大概；表示把握不大的推測can/could：用于疑問句表懷疑—Goodmorning.I’vegotanappointmentwithMissSmith.—Ah,goodmorning.You______beMrs.Peter.A.mightB.mustC.wouldD.can考點2一、情態(tài)動詞表推測2.對現(xiàn)在情況或客觀事實的否定推測can’t：不可能；推測的語氣相當有把握couldn’t：不可能；語氣較委婉may(might)not:可能不；也許不，推測表不大有把握Itcan’tbethepostmanatthedoor.It’sonlyfiveo’clock.The

younger

people

might

not

like

the

idea.考點2一、情態(tài)動詞表推測3.對過去情況的推測musthavedone:過去一定做過某事can’thavedone/couldn’thavedone:過去不可能做某事can/couldhavedone:過去可能做過某事may/might(not)havedone:過去可能（沒）做過某事Sincenobodygavehimanyhelp,he____havedonetheresearchalone.A.canB.mustC.wouldD.needWhyareyoureyessored?You______havesleptwelllastnight.

A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.won’t構(gòu)成意義

musthavedone“一定做過某事”

“可能已經(jīng)做了某事”

“本應(yīng)該做某事，卻沒做”

“本不應(yīng)該做某事，卻做了”

“本不必做某事,卻做了”

“過去本來能夠做某事，卻沒做”

“過去不可能做某事”may/mighthavedoneshould/oughttohavedoneshouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavedoneneedn’thavedonecouldhavedonecan’t/couldn’thavedone二、情態(tài)動詞+havedone的其他用法BApplyingtherulesB2Belowisanentryinastudent'sreadingjournal.Completetheentrywiththecorrectmodalverbsinthebrackets.Thebook’smaincharacterisScrooge,arichbutmeanoldman.Hehatesallkindsofcelebrations.OnChristmaseve,heistransportedtodifferentpointsinhislifebythreespirits.Intheend,hereflectsonthesemomentsandrealizeshismistakes.Thenhedecidesthathe(4)_________(might/must)changehimself.OnC