高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí)講義專題一閱讀理解4時(shí)文報(bào)道

A(2017·甘肅甘谷二中一模)TheHealthyHabitsSurvey(調(diào)查)showsthatonlyaboutonethirdofAmericanseniorshavecorrecthabits.Herearesomefindingsandexpertadvice.1．Howmanytimesdidyoubrushyourteethyesterday?·Finding：Afull33%ofseniorsbrushtheirteethonlyonceaday.·Step：Removethe300typesofbacteriainyourmoutheachmorningwithabatteryoperatedtoothbrush.Brushgentlyfor2minutesatleasttwiceaday.2．Howmanytimesdidyouwashyourhandsorbatheyesterday?·Finding：Seniors，onaverage，bathefewerthan3daysaweek.Andnearly30%washtheirhandsonly4timesaday—halfofthenumberdoctorsremend.·Step：Wetouchourfacesaround3,000timesaday—ofteninvitinggerms(病菌)toenterourmouth，nose，andeyes.Usetoiletpapertoavoidtouchingthedoorhandle.And，mostimportantly，washyourhandsoftenwithhotrunningwaterandsoapfor20seconds.3．Howoftendoyouthinkaboutfightinggerms?·Finding：Seniorsarenotfightinggermsaswellastheyshould.·Step：Beawareofgerms.Doyouknowitisnotyourtoiletbutyourkitchensponge(海綿)thatcancarrymoregermsthananythingelse？Tokillthesegerms，keepyourspongeinthemicrowavefor10seconds.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為應(yīng)用文，題材為介紹說明類——調(diào)查報(bào)告。本文介紹了對(duì)美國(guó)年長(zhǎng)者健康生活習(xí)慣的調(diào)查結(jié)果及專家建議。1．WhatisfoundoutaboutAmericanseniors?A．Mostofthemhavegoodhabits.B．Nearly30%ofthembathethreedaysaweek.C．Allofthemarefightinggermsbetterthanexpected.D．Aboutonethirdofthembrushtheirteethonlyonceaday.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一條調(diào)查結(jié)果“Afull33%ofseniorsbrushtheirteethonlyonceaday.”可知D項(xiàng)正確。2．Doctorssuggestthatpeopleshouldwashtheirhands.A．twiceaday B．threetimesadayC．fourtimesaday D．eighttimesaday答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二條調(diào)查結(jié)果中30%的年長(zhǎng)者一天洗手四次，而這個(gè)數(shù)目是“halfofthenumberdoctorsremend(醫(yī)生建議數(shù)目的一半)”，故醫(yī)生建議每天洗手的次數(shù)應(yīng)該是八次。3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Weshouldkeepfromtouchingourfaces.B．Therearelessthan300typesofbacteriainthemouth.C．Akitchenspongecancarrymoregermsthanatoilet.D．Weshouldwashourhandsbeforetouchingadoorhandle.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在第三條調(diào)查結(jié)果中的Step部分，作者用了一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“...itisnotyourtoiletbutyourkitchensponge(海綿)thatcancarrymoregermsthananythingelse？”來說明：不是你的洗手間而是你廚房里的海綿攜帶更多的病菌。故選C項(xiàng)。B(2017·甘肅天水甘谷二中一模)Menarespendingmoreandmoretimeinthekitchenencouragedbycelebrity(名人)chefslikeGordonRamsayandJamieOliver，accordingtoareportfromOxfordUniversity.Theeffectofthecelebrityrolemodels，whohavegivencookingamoremanlypicture，hasbinedwithamoregeneraldrivetowardssexualequalityandmennowspendmorethantwicetheamountoftimepreparingmealsthantheydidin1961.AccordingtotheresearchbyProf.JonatahnGershuny，whorunstheCentreforTimeResearchatOxford，mennowspendmorethanhalfanhouradaycooking，upfromjust12minutesadayin1961.Prof.Gershunysaid，“Themaninthekitchenispartofamuchwidersocialtrend.Therehasbeen40yearsofsexualequality，butthereisanother40yearsprobablytoe.”Women，whoagenerationagospentnearlytwohoursadaycooking，nowspendjustonehourandsevenminutes—agreatfall，buttheystillspendfarmoretimeinthekitchenthanmen.Someexpertshavenamedthesemeninapronsas“Gastrosexuals(menusingcookingskillstoimpressfriends)”，whohavebeeninspiredtopickupakitchenknifebythesuccessofRamsay，OliveraswellasothermalecelebritychefssuchasHughFearnleyWhittingstall，MarcoPierreWhiteandKeithFloyd.“Iwasmarriedin1974.Whenmyfathercametovisitmeafewweekslater，IwaswearinganapronwhenIopenedthedoor.Helaughed，”saidProf.Gershuny.“Thatwouldneverhappennow.”Twothirdsofadultssaythattheyetogethertoshareatleastthreetimesaweek，evenifitisnotnecessarilyaroundakitchenordiningroompointedoutthatthefamilymealwasnowrarelyeatenbyallofitsmembersaroundatable—withmany“familymeals”infacttakenonthesofainthesittingroom，andsharedbyfamilymembers.“Thefamilymealhaschangedalot，andfewofuseat—asIdidwhenIwasachild—atleasttwomealsadaytogetherasafamily.Butithassurvivedinadifferentformat.”語(yǔ)篇解讀牛津大學(xué)的一篇報(bào)道說，男性下廚的時(shí)間比以前多了。一方面的原因是男性名人廚師的影響，另一方面更多的是男女平等觀念的影響。4．Whatisonereasonbehindthetrendthatmenspendmoretimecookingthanbefore?A．Thedevelopmentofsexualequalitycampaign.B．Theinfluenceofpopularfemalechefs.C．Thechangeoffemale’sviewoncooking.D．Theimprovementofcooks’status.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theeffectofthecelebrityrolemodels，whohavegivencookingamoremanlypicture，hasbinedwithamoregeneraldrivetowardssexualequality...”可知，男性名人在電視上展示廚藝和受到性別平等的心理驅(qū)使，導(dǎo)致男性在做飯上花得時(shí)間更多了。故選A。5．Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthetimemenandwomenspendoncooking?A．Menspendmoretimecookingthanwomennowadays.B．Itwilltake40yearsbeforemenspendmoretimeatthestovethanwomen.C．Womenspendmuchlesstimeoncookingthanbefore.D．Thereisasharpdeclineinthetimemenspendoncookingparedwith1961.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容可知，女性下廚的時(shí)間比以前少了，但是還是比男性多。故選C。6．HowdidProf.Gershunyseethefamilymealaccordingtothepassage?A．Ithasbeeathingofthepast.B．Itisverydifferentfromwhatitusedtobe.C．Itshouldn’tbeadvocatedinmoderntimes.D．Itisbeneficialtothestabilityofthefamily.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Thefamilymealhaschangedalot，andfewofuseat...Butithassurvivedinadifferentformat.”可知，現(xiàn)在家人在一起聚餐和以前不同了。故選B。7．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheChangesofFamilyMealsB．EqualityBetweenMenandWomenC．Cooking—aThingofthePastforWomenD．CookingintoaNewTrendforMen答案D解析標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，本文的主旨是男人下廚做飯成為新潮流。故選D。C(2017·吉林長(zhǎng)春外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校期中)ThisyearRio，ahostoftheOlympics2016，isintheinternationalspotlight.★Phelpsputsspotlightoncupping(拔火罐)OlympicgoldmedalistMichaelPhelpsledAmericanswimmerstoagoldmedalinthe4×100meterrelay，butwhatgrabbedmediaattentionandledtostoriesandphotosaroundtheglobewerethepurpleandredcirclesonhisback.MichaelPhelpsoftheUSAisseenwithredcuppingmarksonhisshoulderashepetesduringthe2016RioOlympicsmen’s200mbutterflyinRiodeJaneiro，Brazil，Aug8,2016.★FacialexpressionsofChineseswimmerFuYuanhuigoesviralChina’swomen’sswimmerFuYuanhuihascreatedasensationonlinenotjustbywinningthebronzemedalinthe100mbackstrokepetition，butalsobyherfacialexpressionsduringthepostsemifinalinterviewwithChinaCentralTelevision(CCTV)onMonday.Whenaskedwhethersheheldbackforthefinal，F(xiàn)ureplied，“No，Iutilizedmy‘prehistorical’power.”Whatshemeantwasthatshehadsparednoeffortsinthesemifinal.Sincethen，thesocalled“prehistoricalpower”hasgoneviralandbeeanewInternetmeme.★BritainwinsfirstOlympicdivinggoldinmen’ssynchronized3mspringboardBritain’sJackLaugherandChrisMearsendedChina’sgoldmedalmonopoly(壟斷)overdivingeventsattheRioOlympicsbywinningthemen’ssynchronized3mspringboardfinalonWednesday，thecountry’sfirsteverOlympicgoldmedalindiving.LaugherandMearsfinishedwithasixroundtotalof454.32points，just4.11pointsaheadofsilvermedalistsMikeHixonandSamDormanoftheUSAattheMariaLenkAquaticsCenter.China’sCaoYuanandQinKaitookthebronzewith443.70points.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要介紹了里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)上的一些熱點(diǎn)聚焦。8．WhatattractedmediaattentionwithPhelps’winningthegoldmedal?A．Hisgreatleadership.B．Hisscarsonhisback.C．Thecuppingmarksonhisback.D．Hisachievementshemadeinthemen’s200mbutterfly.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一條新聞下面第一段中的“whatgrabbedmediaattentionandledtostoriesandphotosaroundtheglobewerethepurpleandredcirclesonhisback”可知，Phelps獲得冠軍時(shí)引起媒體注意的是他背上拔火罐后留下的痕跡。故選C。9．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhyFuYuanhuibecamethespotlight?A．Herdevotionanddeterminationtoswimming.B．Herachievementinthe100mbackstrokepetition.C．Herfacialexpressionsduringthepostsemifinalinterview.D．Herhumourousreplytothereporter—socalled“prehistoricalpower”．答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二條新聞下面的“China’swomen’sswimmerFuYuanhuihascreatedasensationonlinenotjustbywinningthebronzemedalinthe100mbackstrokepetition，butalsobyherfacialexpressions...”以及“Sincethen，thesocalled‘prehistoricalpower’hasgoneviralandbeeanewInternetmeme.”可知，B、C和D三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容都是傅園慧獲得媒體關(guān)注的原因。根據(jù)排除法可知，選A。10．Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdnews?A．Chinadidn’twinanygoldmedalsindivingeventsattheRioOlympics.B．BritainbecamethegoldmedalmonopolistofdivingeventsattheRioOlympics.C．MikeHixonandSamDormanoftheUSAtooksilverwith447.81points.D．BritainhadneverwontheOlympicdivinggoldmedalbeforetheRioOlympics.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三條新聞下面的“Britain’sJackLaugherandChrisMearsendedChina’sgoldmedalmonopoly(壟斷)overdivingeventsattheRioOlympicsbywinningthemen’ssynchronized3mspringboardfinalonWednesday，thecountry’sfirsteverOlympicgoldmedalindiving.”可判斷出，英國(guó)在此之前從未在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得跳水冠軍。故選D。11．Wheredoesthistextprobablyefrom?A．Ahistorytextbook. B．Anewsreport.C．Adetectivenovel. D．Atravelbrochure.答案B解析文章出處題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可判斷出，本文主要是介紹了里約奧運(yùn)會(huì)上的一些熱點(diǎn)聚焦，因此，本文最有可能來自新聞報(bào)道。故選B。D(2017·第三次全國(guó)大聯(lián)考)Despitelongtermuncertainties，Brexit(英國(guó)脫歐)offersatreasuretroveofpotentialopportunitiesforChinaUKandChinaEuropeanUnion(EU)relationsinthefuture，withChinaeyeingapotentialfreetradeagreementwiththeUKforwiderworldmarketentranceandRMBinternationalization，Chineseexpertssaid.TheUK’sbreakawayfromEUmembershipopensthedoortofreertradewithChina，currentlytheUK’ssixthlargestexportdestinationandthirdlargestsourceofimports.Contrarily，itcouldallowChineseproductsthatmeetUKstandardstoenteravastswathofmonwealthnationsinAfrica，LatinAmericaandSouthAsia，accordingtoWeiJianguo，vicechairmanofBeijingbasedthinktankChinaCenterforInternationalEconomicExchanges(CCIEE)onFriday.ExistingChinaUKmechanismsare“poisedtoaccelerate”，Weisaid，citingthe1.7billionpound(2.12billion)RoyalAlbertDocksproject.InMay2013，ChinesedeveloperABPsealedthemegadealwithLondontoturnitshistoricdockintoa3.5millionsquarefootofficeplex，makingitabustlingAsianbusinessportandLondon’sthirdbusinessdistrict.InOctober2015，witnessedbyChinesePresidentXiJinpingandUKthenPrimeMinisterDavidCameron，China’sCITICConstructionsignedadealtobeetheproject’sgeneralcontractor.OnNov.10,2016，fourmajorChinesebanksagreedtofollowuponitsfinancing.Refuting(反駁)reportsthatsomeChineseenterprisesviewBritainasmerelyaspringboardtoenterthewiderEuropeanmarket，andthatBrexitwouldjeopardizethiseffect，WeisaidthatisnotthecasebasedonwhatheobservedduringrecentvisitstoJiangsuandZhejiangProvinces，bothstrongholdsofprivatepanieswithglobalreach.“ImetpeoplefromHuawei，GeelyAutoandmanymoreprivateenterprises.Theysaidtheydon’tseeanyinvestmentasasteppingstonetoanother，becauseeachnewmarketisdifferent，”Weisaid.WeiexpressedoptimismaboutthefutureofChinaUKrelations，citing，amongotherfactors，thesofarmildnatureoftheUK’sdeparturefromtheEU.TheeconomyoftheUKhasmaintainedgoodmomentumaftertheBrexitannouncement.In2016，itsGDPincreasedby1.8percent，thehighestrateinWesternEuropeandsecondfastestintheG7groupafterGermany.UKisamainhubfortheoffshoretradingofChinesecurrency.Thetwocountrieswillcontinuetobenefitfromtheirhighlyplementaryeconomies，withChinainneedofhelpwithgreenfinanceandtheUKwantingChineseexportsofmechanicalproducts，textiles，rawmaterialsandhighspeedrailinvestment，saidZhangYansheng，chiefresearcheratCCIEE.“AChinaUKfreetradeagreementwillestablishSinoBritishrelationsasanexampleofChina’s‘newformofgreatpowerrelationships’withdevelopedcountries.ItmightalsopavethewayforaChinaEUBilateralInvestmentTreaty(BIT)，”saidDingYifan，aneconomistattheStateCouncil’sDevelopmentResearchCenter.語(yǔ)篇解讀文章主要闡述了英國(guó)脫歐對(duì)于中國(guó)而言更是個(gè)發(fā)展對(duì)外關(guān)系的好時(shí)機(jī)。12．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．BrexitbenefitsbothUKandEUalot.B．BrexithasposedgreatopportunitiesforChina.C．BrexitmaycausegreatlossforEU.D．BrexitisstilluncertainforUKandChina.答案B解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段和全文的內(nèi)容可知文章講的是英國(guó)脫歐對(duì)于中國(guó)而言更是個(gè)發(fā)展對(duì)外關(guān)系的好時(shí)機(jī)。故選B。13．WhatcanweconcludefromPara.2－3?A．TheUK’sbreakawayfromEUmembershiphasrestricteditsfreetradewithChina.B．UKhasbeenthesixthlargestexportdestinationandthirdlargestsourceofimporttoChina.C．OnlyaftermeetingUKstandardscanChineseproductseintothemarketofmonwealthnations.D．TheRoyalAlbertDocksprojecthasbeenagreatchallengetoChinaUKrelationship.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“itcouldallowChineseproductsthatmeetUKstandardstoenteravastswathofmonwealthnationsinAfrica，LatinAmericaandSouthAsia”可知選C。14．WhichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinPara.4?A．Strengthen. B．Resist.C．Damage. D．Promote.答案C解析詞義猜測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線詞所在段落的意思可知：之前曾有報(bào)道稱一些中國(guó)企業(yè)只不過將英國(guó)視為一個(gè)進(jìn)入更廣闊歐洲市場(chǎng)的跳板，而英國(guó)脫歐會(huì)損害這一效果，魏建國(guó)批駁了這一報(bào)道。故選C。15．WhatcanbeinferredaccordingtowhatDingYifansaid?A．Chinaonlyattachimportancetotherelationshipswithwesterncountries.B．SinoBritishrelationisthemostpowerfulrelationshipintheworld.C．ChinaUKfreetradeagreementcanensuregoodSinoBritishrelationsforever.D．TheimprovedrelationshipofSinoBritishmayaswellhaveagoodeffectonChinaEUrelations.答案D解析推理判斷題。依據(jù)文章最后一段D