北京市朝陽區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二年級(jí)上冊(cè)期末考試英語試卷（含答案）

北京市朝陽區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷

學(xué)校：___________姓名：班級(jí)：考號(hào)：

一、閱讀理解

2024WesternColoradoElementaryScienceFair

EUREKA!andD51arepartneringtohostourannualelementary(小學(xué)的)science

fair!Here9syourchancetoapplyyourloveofSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering

andMathematics)byconductingyourownscientificinvestigation.

Participationisopentoall3-5thgraderslivinginWesterColorado,andstudentscaneither

enterasanindividualorasateamofnomorethan3members.Judgingwillbebasedon

grade,andateamcomposedofstudentsfrommultiplegradeswillbejudgedinthegrade

categoryoftheoldestparticipanfsgrade.

ProjectSubmission

AllparticipantsmustcompleteallofthefollowingbyMarch7,2024：

?Completetheregistrationform(oneperteam)

?Createadisplayposter(eitherphysicalorelectronic)summarizingtheirprojectand

emailthefileoraclearphotoofittothesciencefaircommittee

?Createavideopresentation(lessthan5minutes)explainingtheirprojecttothejudges,

andsubmitittothesciencefaircommittee

PublicViewing

Date：Wednesday,March13,2024

Location：EUREKA!McConnellScienceMuseum

Participantscandisplaytheirpostersandpresenttheirprojectstothepublic(optional).

SafetyRegulations

Itisimportanttowearproperprotectivegear(裝備)whennecessaryinadditionto

disposingof(處理)wasteproperlywhenconductingascientificinvestigation.We

stronglyrecommendthatguardianslookupandstudySafetyDataSheetsforanychemicals

thattheirstudentsuseandhaveresponsibilityfornotallowingstudentstoexperimentwith

dangerouschemicals.EUREKA!holdstherighttonotdisplayprojectsiftheybelievethe

componentsbreakoursafetyregulations.

1.Whatisanentryrequirementforthesciencefair?

A.Ateammustconsistofthreemembers.

B.Ateammustbeledby-theoldestparticipant.

C.A11participantsmustbefromWesternColorado.

D.Teamsmustbeformedbystudentsinthesamegrade.

2.Whatareparticipantsrequiredtodobythesubmissiondate?

A.Submitadisplayposter.

B.Videotheinvestigationprocess.

C.Presenttheirprojecttothepublic.

D.Fillintheregistrationformindividually.

3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultinyourprojectnotbeingdisplayed?

A.Disposingofwasteimproperly.

B.Performingexperimentswithoutaguardian.

C.Involvingharmfulchemicalsinyourproject.

D.Conductingyourinvestigationwithoutprotectivegear.

WhenIgotmyfirstresearchprojecttowork,Iwassoexcited.Seeingresearchinaction

wasenjoyable.Myexcitement,though,wassooncutshortwhenmyprofessoraskedmeto

writearesearchpaperontheproject.Mybodytensed.WritingwasthelastthingIwantedto

do；ifsonereasonwhyIpursuedscienceinthefirstplace.

IhadhatedwritingsinceIwasalittleboy.ButIcouldn'tavoidit：writingclasseswere

requiredinhighschool.Forhours,Istaredatblankpages,tryingtoturnmydisorganised

thoughtsintofluentsentences.Myteacherswouldreturnmypaperslitteredwithred,

showingmyparagraphswereoutoforder.Iwasfrustratedtonoend.HowcouldIknowwhat

wasgoodiftherewasnoobjectivelyrightanswer?MaybeIwasn'tcutoutforwriting.

Istudiedengineeringincollege.Afewyearslater,Ijoinedaresearchlab.Theprofessor

assignedmeaninitialprojecttoimprovetheefficiencyofaninductor（電路感應(yīng)器）.I

spentweekssettingupatestforanewdesign.WhenIgottheresults,though,thenumbers

weren'tgood.Ikepttryingnewdesigns,usingtheresultstobrainstormideaswithateamof

researchers.Finally,afterdozensofdesigns,wehadonethatcouldwork.Iwasoverjoyed一

untilmyprofessortoldmetowritethatresearchpaper.

Inpanic,Iaskedagraduatestudentinmylabforhelp.Icarefullywroteanoutline.But

whenIaskedhimforfeedback,Isoonfoundthepaperfullofredmarks.BeforeIcouldquit

indefeat,though,thegraduatestudentexplainedreddidn'tmeanIwasabadwriter.Writing

isn'taone-and-donething.Itrequiresrevisingyourwork,oftenseveraltimes.Suddenlyit

occurredtome,"Hadn'tIdonethesamethingwhenIwasdesigningmyresearchproject?"I

keptimprovingmyoutline,eventuallyturningitintosentencesandparagraphs,guidedby

feedbackfromothers.Finally,Imadeit,andsurprisingly,Iwashavingfun.

Fromthenon,writingbecameoneofmyfavouritepartsofresearch,anditstillistoday.

IfsafutureInevercouldhaveimaginedduringmyearlystruggleswithwritingclasses.ButI

camearound.

4.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenaskedtowritearesearchpaper?

A.Regretful.

B.Ashamed.

C.Disappointed.

D.Unwilling.

5.Theauthor'steacherreturnedhispaperslitteredwithredbecause.

A.hehandedinblankpages

B.hissentencesweresmooth

C.hiswritinglackedorganization

D.hecombinedscienceinhiswriting

6.Whichwordwouldbestdescribetheauthor9sfinalresearchdesign?

A.Hard-eamed.

B.Confusing.

C.Well-known.

D.Worrying.

7.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.

B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

C.Abadworkmanalwaysblameshistools.

D.Trialanderroropensthedoortoprogress.

Weareconstantlytaughtthatactingearlyratherthanprocrastinatingisthekeyto

success,becausenhewhohesitatesislost/Whenwehaveameaningfultask,we'readvised

togetitdonewellaheadofschedule.Whenwehaveanoriginalideatoinventaproductor

startacompany,we'reencouragedtobethefirstmover.Recently,anunusuallycreative

doctoralstudentnamedJihaeShinapproachedmewithanoppositeidea：procrastination

mightbefavorabletooriginality.Ichallengedhertotestit.

Shinaskedcollegestudentstowriteproposalsforabusinessonauniversitycampusto

fillalotwherethereusedtobeaconveniencestore.Whentheystartedthetaskimmediately,

theytendedtoproposeconventionalideas——likeanotherconveniencestore.WhenShin

randomlyassignedsomeoftheparticipantstoprocrastinate,puttingoffthetasktoplay

games,theyproducedmorenovelbusinessideas,likealecturecenterandastoragefacility.

Independentratersevaluatedthefinalproposals,withoutknowingwhoprocrastinatedand

whostartedimmediately.Theproposalsfromtheprocrastinatorswere28percentmore

creative.

Althoughwewereexcitedbytheseresults,wewereconcernedthatprocrastination

wasn'ttherealcauseofcreativity.Perhapsitwasplayinggamesthatprovidedmental

stimulation,orthatsimplygavethemabreakawayfromthetasktothink.Buttheexperiment

showedthatneitherplayinggamesnortakingabreakenhancedcreativity.Whenpeople

playedgamesfirst,beforelearningaboutthetask,theydidn'tsubmitmorenovelproposals.

Todothat,theyneededtoactuallybeprocrastinatingwhileplayinggames,keepingthe

businessproposaltaskinthebackoftheirminds.Andwhentheystartedthetaskimmediately

andthentookabreakbeforereturningtoit,theyhadalreadymadetoomuchprogresstostart

overafresh.

Inaclassicstudy,marketingresearchersPeterGolderandGerardTelliscomparedthe

successofcompaniesthatwereeitherpioneersorsettlers.Thepioneerswerefirstmovers.

Thesettlerswereslowertolaunch.WhenGolderandTellisanalysedhundredsofbrandsin

threedozendifferentproductcategories,theyfoundasurprisingdifferenceinfailurerates：

47percentforpioneers,comparedwithjust8percentforsettlers.Evenwhenthepioneersdid

survive,theyonlycapturedanaverageof10percentofthemarket,comparedwith28percent

forsettlers.

Settlersareoftenbrandedascopycats,butthisfixedimpressionofthemmissesthemark.

Insteadoffollowingtheexistingdemand,theywaitfortherighttimeuntilthey'rereadyto

introducesomethingnew.Ifstruethattheearlybirdgetstheworm,butwecan'tforgetthat

theearlywormgetscaught.

8.Accordingtothepassage,Shin'stheorysuggeststhat.

A.beingthefirstmovermakessuccessmorelikely

B.balancingworkingandhavingabreakisimportant

C.delayingataskcanofferustimetothinkbeforeacting

D.peoplearelesscreativeduetomentalstimulationofgames

9.Whatcanwelearnfromtheclassicstudy?

A.Pioneerssetaperfectstandardforsettlers.

B.Pioneersalwayswincompetitiveadvantages.

C.Settlers9successistheresultofstrategictiming.

D.Settlersturnedouttobeincapableofinnovating.

10.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toemphasisetheimportanceofactingearlyinsuccess.

B.Todemonstrateprocrastinationcanbearesourceforcreativity.

C.Toprovetheeffectivenessofourtraditionalbeliefinprocrastinating.

D.Tocomparetheprocrastinators9creativitybetweenrecentandclassicstudies.

Lefsstartwiththeend.Ifyouknowanythingaboutthestateofartificialintelligence,

it'sthatmanyofthepeopleadvancingthetechnologyareseriouslyworriedaboutthe

technologythey'readvancing.Twostatementsstandout.Thefirstfollowedthereleaseofthe

companyOpenAFsChatGPT-4,callingforasix-monthpauseonanyAIsystemgoing

beyondGPT'scapabilities.Thesignatories（簽署者）asked："Shouldwedevelop

nonhumanmindsthatmighteventuallyoutnumber,outsmart,andreplaceus?”Thesecond

statement,issuedinMay,2023,signedbynearlyallthemajorAIcompanyCEOsandmost

ofthetopAIresearchscientists,wasjust22wordslong："Mitigating（減輕）theriskof

extinctionfromAIshouldbeaglobalpriorityalongsideothersocietal-scaleriskslike

pandemicsandnuclearwar.”

Sowho'sexcitedforAI?Iam?Maybe?AItoolsarehelpingthespeechlessspeakand

reducingenergyconsumptionlargely.Therearebrilliantpeoplewhosaythisiskidstuff.

Sooneveryonewillhaveacustomizedknowledgeassistant.Theremovaloflonelinessis

coming.Otherequallybrilliantpeoplegostraighttotheotherdirection.Theirimagination

coverseverythingfromanAi-manufacturedextinction-levelvirustosocietaldestructionas

jobsdisappearandinequalitybecomespermanent.

OpenAFsproductlaunchmadejawsdrop.Thetechismovingfast,butitsimpactwill

arriveinwaves.We'vealreadyseenslightdecreaseinChatGPTusage.Thathardlymeans

chatbotsaredoomed（注定失敗的）orAIisacraze.Onlythatifsearly.Itwilltaketime

tounderstandhowpeopleadapttothesenewtools.Thattimeshouldnotbewasted.The

processorswillkeepprocessing-andweneedtogetready.Becausehoweverfar-fetched

theideaofanartificialgeneralintelligence一meaninganautonomoussystemthatoneday

goesbeyondhumanabilities一it'snotimpossible.Wecanalsolookoutforthemanyways

AItoolscanhelpusfixthehardproblemshumanitysimplyhasn'tbeenabletosolve.

That9sthegoalhere,inthisspace,toexamineAIinaslightlylessanxiety-strickenway.

Thestorysofarhasbeentoldbygeniuseswithmixedmotivesandterribleemotional

intelligence.Ifsreallynosurprisethatthey'realsolousystorytellers.Whostartswith

extinction?

Lefsbeginagain,thistimewithcreation.Allofthesoftwarewe'veeverusedwas

engineeredtoworkbackwardfromanoutcome.Itscreatorswantedtohelpyoufinda

webpageorplayagame.Perhapsyou'venoticedthatthemajorAIchatbotsarrivedwith

almostnouserdocumentationorinstructions.That9swhatmakesthismomentunique.We

humanshavecreatedatoolforpotentiallyinfinitetasks.Itsimperfectionsareourstosolve一

anditspowersstillourstoshape.

11.Whatcanwelearnfromthetwostatements?

A.ThepotentialofAIiscauseforconcern.

B.AIadvancementdeservesaglobalpriority.

C.TheriskAIbringsisimpossibletocontrol.

D.AIisacommoninterestofwhoeverdevelopsit.

12.AsforAI,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?

A.Itisunlikelytogobeyondhumanabilities.

B.Itmaybeappliedtohandleclimatechange.

C.Itismisusedbygeniuseswithbadmotives.

D.Itwillgraduallymovetowardsimperfection.

13.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)ousy“inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Awful.

B.Gifted.

C.Unexpected.

D.Experienced.

14.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AIIsHumans9DoomedEnemy

B.AIIsontheRoadtoDestruction

C.AreWeAwareoftheRisksfromAI?

D.DoWeHateAIforAlltheRightReasons?

Inmygrandparents9time,thequestionofwhethertorepairorreplaceanitemwas

unimportant.Repairwasusuallytheonlyoption.So,whenfacedwithabrokenhoe（鋤

頭），Idecidedtomaketherepair,justlikegrandpawouldhavedone.

Idugthroughmytoolboxfortheneededparts,searchingforjusttherighttoolsinmy

collection.Workingwithobjectsthathaveahistoryissatisfying,andIlovethinkingabout

thehandsthatusedthemtokeephomegoingsmoothly.

Finally,Ichosemyfavouritehammer（錘子）,passeddownfrommydad,who

receiveditfromhisdad.Grandpa'shammerhasawornhandle,spottedwithcolorfulpaint

fromalifetimeofprojects.Withjusttherightinstrumentinhand,Iwasreadytobegin.

Alongwithhishammer,grandpapasseddowntheimportanceofhavingtherighttoolsfora

job.

Overtheyears,I'veenjoyedhearingthebackstoriesofothers9treasuredobjectsaswell.

AsIrecordedthespokenhistoryofonefriend,shetracedthestoryofgrandma'srollingpin

throughherfamilytree.Therollingpinstartedasaweddinggiftmanygenerationsago.

Lovinglypasseddown,alongwithatraditionofpiemakingandbiscuitrolling,ittouchesthe

heartstringsofallinthefamily.Itisn9tjustapieceofhardwood：itisthememoriesof

joyfultimescelebratedandheartbreaksshared.Italsowitnessesfuturehopesaslittlehands

arecoachedonhowtorolloutpastryevenlyandasnewgrandchildrenarebouncedonknees

overapieceofafter-dinnerpie.

AsIfinishedthehoerepairandputthehammerback,Isaidheartythankstograndpa

andallthosewhotooktimetoshowmehowtousetoolsandsharedstories.I'mdetermined

topassbothalongtothenextgeneration.

15.Whatdidtheauthordecidetodowiththebrokenhoe?

16.Whatdidgrandpapassdowntotheauthor?

17.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitand

explainwhy.

ATherollingpininthefriend5sfamilyusedtobeaweddinggiftandispasseddown

withatraditionofcollectingusefultools.

18.Besideshandtoolslikehammersandrollingpins,whatobjectwitnessesyourjoyfulor

heartbreakingtimesasyougrowup?Why?(Inabout40words)

二、七選五

19.

Everynight,nomatterhowtiredIam,Icarveoutatleast5to10minutesforaquick

lessononmylanguagelearningapp.Imightnotbefluentyet.①

Learninganewlanguagecanbeincrediblyhelpfulforcognitivehealthparticularlyas

weage.Thisisbecauselanguagelearningengagesawiderangeofcomplexcognitive

abilities.Theyincludememory,attention,andproblem-solving,whichcanhelptocreateand

strengthenconnectionsinthebrain.Thebenefitsgobeyondprotectingthebrainagainstthe

effectsofaging.②Weareallcitizensoftheworld,andit'simportantforus

tostayconnectedwithotherculturesandpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.

Ofcourse,knowingthebenefitsdoesn'tnecessarilymaketheprocesseasy.Timeand

devotionaretwocommonchallengeswhenitcomestolearninganewlanguage.Butabig

partofthereasonwhyit'ssotoughcomesdowntoourself-

consciousness.(3)Beingscaredtopractiseorembarrassedaboutmaking

mistakescertainlydoesn'tmakeitanyeasier!

(?)Consistencyisthekey!Evenjust5to10minutesadaycanhelp.

Beingexposedtoandusingthetargetlanguageonadailybasis,eveninsmallamounts,can

significantlyboostfluency.Besides,don9tjustlimityourdailylearningtoyour

lessons.⑤Thiscanbedonethroughmedia,suchasmoviesandmusic,which

helpstobuildlisteningskillsandexposesthelearnertothelanguagebeingusedinitsnatural

context.

Languagelearningisagradualprocess.Embracingmistakesaspartofthelearning

journeyandstayingmotivatedthroughsettingachievablegoalscanmaketheexperienceboth

effectiveandenjoyable.

A.Thisallowspeopletolearnlanguagesnaturallyandefficiently.

B.Butthat9sexactlywhylearninganewlanguagecanbesobeneficial.

C.Expertsalsonotethatlanguagelearningcanhelppromotesocialconnections.

D.Ifsimportanttocompletelyinvolveyourselfinthelanguageyouwanttoacquire.

E.However,accordingtotheexperts,mydailylessonshavefar-reachingsignificance.

F.Feelinganxiouscanstandinthewayofourprogresswhenlearninganewlanguage.

G.Fortunately,thereareplentyofeffectivewaystoachieveyourlanguage-learninggoals.

三、完形填空

ForanyonewhohastakenthepathtoHighRockLookout（瞭望臺(tái)）inWashington,

they'llknowit'shard.However,the79-year-oldwomanBannisterwas1ofgettingtothe

lookoutbecauseshehadgoneupmanytimesbefore.

AsBannister2,shemadeittothetop.Whenshebeganheadingbackdown,she

caughtherfootinaholeand3forwardhard.Bythetimesheturnedherselfrightsideup,

shefoundherfootwaspointingthewrongway.

Inpainshecriedoutforhelp.BeforelongtwoyounghikersJackandAllencametoher

sideandcalled911.Asearchandrescueteamsaidthey9dbetherein5hours,

which4everybody.Bannisteraskedtheyoungmeniftheyhadanypainkillers,and

they5theydidnot.Realisingthewomanhadnothingtohelpherselffor5upcoming

hoursofgreatpain,Jacktookaction.Liftingher6ontohisback,hebegantheslow,

carefuljourneydownhill.Jackhikedthree-quartersofthejourney,whileAllentookcareof

theremainingdistance.

Oncethey7AllenspedBannisterofftothehospital.Thedoctorstoldhershehad

brokenseveralbonesandthatitmighthavebeenalotworsewithoutthe8help.Shethen

beganalongroadtorecoverythatsawpeoplecomeandvisither,includingJackandAllen,

whowonanachievementmedalfortheir9.

“Iwasfilledwith10thattheyjustcameoutofthewoodstohelpmeandthey

weretotallyunselfishandkind,“Bannistersaid,addingthatthefriendshipshegainedinJack

andAllenwasworthmorethanthepainanddiscomfort.

20.

A.confident

B.careful

C.uncertain

D.afraid

21.

A.demanded

B.complained

C.predicted

D.pretended

22.

A.jumped

B.fell

C.looked

D.pushed

23.

A.discouraged

B.enlightened

C.relieved

D.interrupted

24.

A.announced

B.proposed

C.replied

D.reflected

25.

A.regularly

B.gently

C.accidentally

D.casually

26.

A.setout

B.turnedaround

C.gotdown

D.wenton

27.

A.potential

B.professional

C.frequent

D.immediate

28.

A.cooperation

B.discipline

C.insights

D.efforts

29.

A.passion

B.appreciation

C.satisfaction

D.admiration

四、語法填空

30.Thetrain（leave）beforeIgottothestation.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填

空）

31.Doctorssayweshouldhaveoureyes（test）everyyear.（所給詞的適

當(dāng)形式填空）

32.Ihaveagoodcollectionofbooks,fromIbenefitalot.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填

空）

33.Youmustbe（absolute）silentorthebirdswon'tappear.（所給詞的

適當(dāng)形式填空）

34.（cover）withthicksnow,themountainslooklikeasilverworld.（所給詞的適當(dāng)

形式填空）

35.At6o'clocktomorrowafternoon,we（practise）basketballskills.（所

給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

36.They（work）ontheirprogramallyearandarehopingtofinishitsoon.

（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

37.（run）inthemorningisagoodhabitthathelpsimprovemyphysicalhealth.（所給

詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

38.Thespeechaboutcareerplanning（give）intheschoollecturehalllast

Friday.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

39.Thebuilding,theimportantconferenceisbeingheld,isinthecenterof

thecity.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

五、書面表達(dá)

40.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二學(xué)生李華。你在做和青少年熱點(diǎn)話題相關(guān)的英文播客（線

上節(jié)目），打算邀請(qǐng)外國好友Jim來做訪談嘉賓。請(qǐng)給他寫一封英文郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.你們將要探討的話題及具體內(nèi)容；

2.邀請(qǐng)他參加的原因。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

提示詞：做播客makeapodcast

DearJim,

Yours,

LiHua

六、選詞填空

41.

dominatemotivatefigureoutdecreaseencounterregardlessofrely

onapartfromstrivetolocate

1.Teachingisallabouthowtopeopletolearn.

2.Ittookmealongtimetowhathereallymeant.

3.Technologyshouldserveusratherthanourlives.

4.Jamesdecidedtopursuehisdreamwhatotherssaid.

5.theirflatinthecity,theyalsohaveahouseinthecountryside.

6.Aftertheheavystorm,rescueplanestriedtothemissingsailors.

7.ZhangGuimei'smessagetoyounggirlsistobetheirbestselves.

8Mikemanydoubtsfromhisclassmateswhenheproposedanewplan.

9.Thenumberofthepatientsinfectedbyflusignificantlyinthepastfewweeks.

10.Thesmalltowntourismannuallyforitseconomicdevelopmentduringthetourist

season.

參考答案

1.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段ParticipationisBentoall3-5"graderslivinginWestern

Colorado,andstudentscaneitherenterasanindividualorasateamofnomorethan

3members.（所有居住在科羅拉多州西部的3-5年級(jí)學(xué)生都可以參加，學(xué)生可以作為個(gè)人

或不超過3人的團(tuán)隊(duì)參加。）可知科學(xué)展覽的入場(chǎng)條件是所有參賽者必須來自科羅拉

多州西部。故選C。

2.答案：A

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProjectSubmission部分^Createadisplayposter（either

physicalorelectronic）summarizingtheirprojectandemailthefileoraclearphotoofitto

thesciencefaircommittee（制作一張展示海報(bào)（物理或電子），總結(jié)他們的項(xiàng)目，并將文

件或清晰的照片通過電子郵件發(fā)送給科學(xué)博覽會(huì)委員會(huì)）可知在提交日期之前，參賽者

需要提交一張展示海報(bào)。故選A。

3.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SafetyRegulations部分Westronglyrecommendthatguardians

lookupandstudySafetyDataSheetsforanychemicalsthattheirstudentsuse,andhave

responsibilityfornotallowingstudentstoexperimentwithdangerouschemicals.（我們強(qiáng)烈

建議監(jiān)護(hù)人查閱并研究學(xué)生使用的任何化學(xué)品的安全數(shù)據(jù)表，并有責(zé)任不讓學(xué)生嘗試危

險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品。）可知會(huì)導(dǎo)致你的項(xiàng)目不被展示的是在項(xiàng)目中使用有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選

Co

4.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段'WritingwasthelastthingIwantedtodo；ifsonereason

whyIpursuedscienceinthefirstplace.（寫作是我最不想做的事；這也是我當(dāng)初選擇學(xué)

習(xí)科學(xué)的原因之一。）"，可知當(dāng)被要求寫研究論文時(shí)，作者是不情愿的，選D。

5.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段"Myteacherswouldreturnmypaperslitteredwithred,

showingmyparagraphswereoutoforder.（我的老師會(huì)把滿是紅筆批改痕跡的論文還給

我，表明我的段落順序混亂。）"，說明作者的寫作缺乏條理，所以老師的批改痕跡多，選

Co

6.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。第三段"Ispentweekssettingupatestforanewdesign.WhenIgot

theresults,though,thenumbersweren'tgood.Ikepttryingnewdesigns,usingtheresultsto

brainstormideaswithateamofresearchers.Finally,afterdozensofdesigns,wehadonethat

couldwork.（我花了幾周時(shí)間為新設(shè)計(jì)做測(cè)試。然而，當(dāng)我得到結(jié)果時(shí)，數(shù)據(jù)并不理想。

我不斷嘗試新的設(shè)計(jì)，利用結(jié)果與一組研究人員集思廣益。最后，經(jīng)過幾十次設(shè)計(jì)，我們

得到了一個(gè)可行的方案。）"，可知作者的最終研究設(shè)計(jì)是經(jīng)過多次嘗試和努力才得到

的，用"Hard-earned（來之不易的）"描述最合適，選A。

7.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。作者在寫論文過程中，從最初的抗拒、混亂，到不斷修改，就像研究

設(shè)計(jì)一樣,經(jīng)過多次嘗試和錯(cuò)誤，最終成功，這體現(xiàn)了不斷嘗試和從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)能帶來進(jìn)

步,"Trialanderroropensthedoortoprogress.（反復(fù)試驗(yàn)是進(jìn)步之門。）"符合文意，選

Do

8.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段提到當(dāng)學(xué)生們立即開始任務(wù)時(shí),他們傾向于提出傳統(tǒng)想法，

而當(dāng)被隨機(jī)分配拖延任務(wù)去玩游戲時(shí),他們產(chǎn)生了更多新穎的商業(yè)想法。這表明拖延一

項(xiàng)任務(wù)能給我們?cè)谛袆?dòng)前思考的時(shí)間，從而可能產(chǎn)生更有創(chuàng)意的想法,所以選C。

9.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。第四段提到經(jīng)典研究中,先驅(qū)者（先行動(dòng)者）失敗率為47%,而后

來者（行動(dòng)慢的人）失敗率僅8%,后來者市場(chǎng)占有率平均為28%,高于先驅(qū)者的10%。

這說明后來者（settlers）的成功并非偶然，而是他們懂得等待合適的時(shí)機(jī),是戰(zhàn)略時(shí)機(jī)選

擇的結(jié)果,所以選C。

10.答案：B

解析：主旨大意題。文章開頭提出JihaeShin的相反觀點(diǎn)"procrastinationmightbe

favorabletooriginality（拖延可能有利于創(chuàng)造力）”,接著通過實(shí)驗(yàn)和經(jīng)典研究進(jìn)行論證,

說明拖延能帶來創(chuàng)新，所以文章主要目的是證明拖延可以成為創(chuàng)造力的一種來源，選Bo

11.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。第一段提到的兩個(gè)聲明，一個(gè)呼吁暫停超越GPT能力的AI系統(tǒng)發(fā)

展，擔(dān)心其會(huì)帶來非人類思維超越并取代人類的后果；另一個(gè)將減輕AI導(dǎo)致滅絕的風(fēng)

險(xiǎn)與大流行病和核戰(zhàn)爭等社會(huì)大規(guī)模風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并列,作為全球優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。這都表明AI所具

有的潛在能力引發(fā)了人們的擔(dān)憂,所以選A。

12.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。文章第三段提至『"WecanalsolookoutforthemanywaysAItools

canhelpusfixthehardproblemshumanitysimplyhasn'tbeenabletosolve.（我彳門也可以

尋找AI工具能幫助我們解決人類一直無法解決的難題的多種方法。）"，而氣候變化是

人類面臨的重大難題之一,所以作者可能會(huì)認(rèn)同AI也許可以應(yīng)用于處理氣候變化問題，

選B。

13.答案：A

解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。前文提到講述AI故事的是動(dòng)機(jī)復(fù)雜且情商低的天才們,"Who

startswithextinction?（誰會(huì)以滅絕為開頭呢？）"表明他們講述AI故事的方式并不好，所

以"lousy"應(yīng)表示"糟糕的","awful"有"糟糕的"之意，所以選A。

14.答案：D

解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。文章既闡述了人們對(duì)AI的擔(dān)憂，如可能導(dǎo)致滅絕、社會(huì)破壞等，又

強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)從更積極的角度看待AI,思考我們對(duì)AI的態(tài)度及擔(dān)憂是否基于正當(dāng)理由,D選項(xiàng)

”我們是否因?yàn)檎?dāng)理由而討厭AI?”能夠涵蓋文章主要內(nèi)容,所以選D。

15.答案：

Theauthordecidedtomaketherepair.

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段明確提到"So,whenfacedwithabrokenhoe（鋤頭）,I

decidedtomaketherepair,justlikegrandpawouldhavedone.",所以作者決定對(duì)壞掉的鋤

頭進(jìn)行修理。

16.答案：

Alongwithhishammer,grandpapasseddowntheimportanceofhavingtherighttoolsfora

job.

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第三段"Alongwithhishammer,grandpapasseddownthe

importanceofhavingtherighttoolsforajob."可知，爺爺傳給作者他的錘子,同時(shí)還傳遞了

做一份工作要有合適工具的重要性。

17.答案：

Therollingpininthefriend'sfamilyusedtobeaweddinggiftandispasseddownwitha

traditionofcollectingusefultools.

Therollingpininthefriend'sfamilyusedtobeaweddinggiftandispasseddownwitha

traditionofpiemakingandbiscuitrolling.

解析：細(xì)節(jié)比對(duì)題。原文中提到"Therollingpinstartedasaweddinggiftmany

generationsago.Lovinglypasseddown,alongwithatraditionofpiemakingandbiscuit

rolling",表明搟面杖是隨著做派和搟餅干的傳統(tǒng)一起傳承下來的，并非"collectinguseful

tools”（收集有用工具）。

18.答案:

Mycamera.Itwasagiftformytenthbirthdayfrommyparents.Sincethen,ithasbeena

faithfulcompanionthrougheveryjoyfulmomentasIgrowup.Fromfamilyvacationsto

backyardadventures,itcapturedsmilesofmylovedones,thebreathtakingsunsets,andmy

firstbikeride,preservingavisualdiaryofmyhappiestmemories.

解析：開放性題目。答案需圍繞某一物品見證成長中的歡樂或心碎時(shí)刻展開，闡述合理

原因。這里以相機(jī)為例,解釋了它作為十歲生日禮物，記錄了成長中的諸多歡樂場(chǎng)景。

19.答案：E；C；F；G；D

解析：①邏輯銜接題：前文提到"Imightnotbefluentyet.（我可能還不流利）"，而后

文開始闡述學(xué)習(xí)新語言的好處,E選項(xiàng)"However,accordingtotheexperts,mydaily

lessonshavefar-reachingsignificance.（然而，根據(jù)專家的說法，我每天的課程有深遠(yuǎn)的意

義）”起到了承上啟下的作用,既與前文的不流利形成轉(zhuǎn)折，又引出后文學(xué)習(xí)語言的益處,

所以選E。

②段落拓展題：該段主要論述學(xué)習(xí)新語言對(duì)認(rèn)知健康的幫助，前文提到“Thebenefitsgo

beyondprotectingthebrainagainsttheeffectsofaging.（好處不僅僅是保護(hù)大腦免受衰老

的影響）",C選項(xiàng)"Expertsalsonotethatlanguagelearningcanhelppromotesocial

connections.（專家還指出，學(xué)習(xí)語言有助于促進(jìn)社會(huì)聯(lián)系）"進(jìn)一步拓展了學(xué)習(xí)語言的

好處，符合段落內(nèi)容的遞進(jìn)邏輯，所以選Co

③細(xì)節(jié)呼應(yīng)題：前文提到"abigpartofthereasonwhyifssotoughcomesdowntoour

self-consciousness.（學(xué)習(xí)新語言困難的很大一部分原因歸結(jié)于我們的自我意識(shí)）",F選

項(xiàng)"Feelinganxiouscanstandinthewayofourprogresswhenlearninganewlanguage.（學(xué)

習(xí)新語言時(shí),焦慮感會(huì)阻礙我們的進(jìn)步）"中的"anxious"與"self-consci