中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)：主謂一致（講義）（原卷版）

A第11講主謂一致（講義）

目錄

—■復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)掌握目標(biāo)及備考方向

二考情分析2023年中考主謂一致考情分析

三網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建知識(shí)點(diǎn)頭腦風(fēng)暴

1.主謂一致的原則

四名詞考向2.主謂一致的應(yīng)用

3.提升必考題型歸納

五真題感悟主謂一致經(jīng)典考題

【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】

1.掌握主謂一致的原則

2.掌握主謂一致的應(yīng)用

【考情分析】

主謂一致題型命題規(guī)律

/主謂一致是指謂語動(dòng)詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，主謂一致必須遵循三原

貝U：語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則?！读x務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（2022

年版）》對(duì)主謂一致僅要求理解。近3年，主謂一致在中考英語試題主要集中在用

動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式填空、句型轉(zhuǎn)換、漢譯英、單項(xiàng)選擇、完形填空及其它類型的填空題

中都出現(xiàn)主謂搭配的試題，解答任務(wù)型閱讀以及書面表達(dá)題型時(shí)，學(xué)生就必須考慮

主謂一致。因此，考生必須掌握主謂一致。在學(xué)習(xí)過程中，要掌握主謂一致的基本

用法及常見搭配。近幾年，主謂一致與時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)綜合考查成為命題的方向。

【網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建】

主復(fù)，謂復(fù)一Theboyisplayingbasketballnow

語法一致原則

主單，謂單一Theseboysareplayingbasketballnow.

Thepeopleherearereallyhappy.

意義一致原則\謂語由主語意義決定

Tendollarsisenoughforthisbook.

謂語單復(fù)數(shù)由較Thereisateacherandthreestudentsintheclassroom

就近原則

近的主語決定

謂語單復(fù)數(shù)由

就遠(yuǎn)原則較遠(yuǎn)的主語決一Nobodybuttwostudentsisintheclassroom,

y

▲考向一主謂一致的原則

.夯基-必備基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理

1.語法一致原則

主要指語法形式上一致，即謂語動(dòng)詞必須在人稱和數(shù)的形式上與主語保持一致，這一原則多適用于句

子主語是名詞或代詞的情況。

>Heisafamoussinger.

ATheboyswhoareplayingtheguitararemycousins.

ALifeisfulloftheunexpected.

>Asadmoviemakesmecry.

ATheirmothercooksbreakfastforthemeverymorning.

2.意義一致原則

以主語表示的意義來決定謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)。這一原則多適用于句中主語為集體名詞、“the+形容詞

/v-ed/v-ing"、以-s結(jié)尾的名詞、what-從句；由and或both...and連接的并列主語；主語為時(shí)間、度量、價(jià)值、

數(shù)目等意義的詞語、某些不定代詞、what、which、who等。

ATheclassismorethanfiftystudents,（class指班級(jí)）

AGenerallyspeaking,thedisableneedmorehelp.

>Someoneisknockingatthedoor.

3.就近原則

謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)與最近的詞語保持一致。這一原則多適用于“therebe”句型、由or,neither...nor,

either...or,notonly...butalso…連接的并列主語以及倒裝句型。

AThereisanappleandtwopearsonthetable.

>Therearetwopearsandanappleonthetable.

▲考向二主謂一致的應(yīng)用

1.謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

(1)不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)

>Waterisveryimportantforhumans.

>Knowledgeispower.

AHappinessliesfirstofallinhealth.

(2)表示時(shí)間、金錢、距離、長(zhǎng)度等名詞復(fù)數(shù)和數(shù)詞作主語時(shí)

>Eighthoursofsleepisenough.

>Thirtyminuteswasgiventoprepareforthelesson.

>Tenkilometersisalongdistance.

(3)主語為each,either,neither或由each,either,neither,every,no所修飾時(shí)

>Eachofthestudentshasadictionary.

AEitherisgoodenoughforme.

>Neitherofthebooksisusefultohim.

>Nomanisbomwise.

(4)主語為any,some,every,no所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)

AAnyonewhoarrivesherefirstwillgetapresent.

AIthinkthatsomethinginterestingisgoingtohappen.

AEverybodydeservesachance.

>Nothingismoreimportantthanhealth.

(5)主語為little,much或被much修飾時(shí)

AVerylittlehasbeendoneaboutit.

>Muchofthetimewaswasted.

AMuchwaterisneededinthisplace.

(6)主語為"manya/morethanone+單數(shù)名詞”和"oneandahalfH■名詞復(fù)數(shù)”時(shí)

>ManyavisitorhasbeentotheGreatWall.

AMorethanonechairisintheroom.

>Oneandahalfbananasiseatenbythelittlegirl.

(7)"oneof/thenumberofl■名詞復(fù)數(shù)”做主語時(shí)

>Oneofthesenotebooksismine.

>Thenumberofthemembersintheswimmingclubis50.

(8)學(xué)科、國(guó)家、書籍、機(jī)構(gòu)、報(bào)刊等名詞作主語時(shí)

>Physicsisnothisstrongpoint.

AChinaisadevelopingcountry.

ATreasureIslandisthemostinterestingbookI'veread.

ATheUnitedNationswasformedin1945.

2.謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

(1)主語為both,few,afew,many,several或由其所修飾時(shí)

>Bothofmysistersareteachers.

AAfewvegetableswereleft.

>Severalofthegrapesarebad.

(2)“the+形容詞”表示——類人(如：thedeaf,theblind,theold,theyoung,therich,thepoor等)作主語時(shí)

ATheyoungarefullofenergy.

(3)“the+姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式”作主語時(shí)

>TheSmithswerewatchingTVthistimelastnight.

(4)山脈、群島、瀑布、運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)等以-s結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語時(shí)

>TheOlympicGamesareheldonceeveryfouryears.

ATheRockymountainsstandinthewestofthenorthAmerica.

(5)只有復(fù)數(shù)概念的集體名詞(people,police,cattle等)作主語時(shí)

>Thesepeoplevolunteertocleantheparkonweekends.

APolicearehuntingthecriminal.

3.謂語動(dòng)詞的形式視情況而定

(1)主語為某些集體名詞(如：family,class,team,army,club,public,audience等)時(shí)

①看作一個(gè)整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

AHisfamilyhasmovedintothenewhouse.

>Thepublicwasconvincedofhisinnocence.

ATherewasabigaudienceattheeveningparty.

②看作其中的成員，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

>Theclassarebusycleaningtheclassroom.

ATheaudienceweredeeplymovedbytheplot.

AMyfamilyarewaitingforme.

(2)主語為all,any,some,most,enough,half或由其所修飾時(shí)

①主語表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

>Alloftheplayerswanttowinthegame.

>Idon'tthinkanyofmyfriendsareinterestedinthismovie.

ASomeofthewomenhavelongcurlyblackhair.

②主語表示單數(shù)意義或代表不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

>Alloftheworkhasbeenfinished.

>Mostofthefoodtastesdelicious.

>Halfofthelandiscoveredbygrass.

(3)主語為"therestof、thelastof、lotsof>plentyof>分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞''的結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的形式與

of后的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定

ATherestofthefoodiseatenbyhim.

>Therestofthestudentsarestayingattheclassroom.

>Twothirdsofthemembersaregirls.

AMorethanfiftypercentofthelandwascoveredbysnow.

(4)主語為none時(shí)

①表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

AShetriedtenhats,butnoneweresuitedher.

>Nonehavearrivedhereyet.

②表示單數(shù)意義或代表不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

Weneedtobuysomemilk,becausenoneisleft.

>NoneisastallasTom.

(5)一些由兩個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)部分組成的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，$n：trousers,shorts,glasses,pants,scissors等作主語時(shí)

①前面若無apairof,asetof,seriesof等這類的單位詞，通常視為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；

AMyglassesarebroken.

>Histrousershavewornout.

>Thescissorsaren'tsharp.

②若帶有單位詞，則由單位詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。

>Apairofpantsisonhisbed.

AThreepairsoftrousersareenough.

(6)and連接并列主語時(shí)

①并列主語表示復(fù)數(shù)概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

>LilyandGracearegoodfriends.

AAsingerandanactorwerehavingdinnerinmyrestaurantyesterday.

②并列主語表示同一個(gè)人、同一概念、同一事或同一物時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

>Aworkerandengineerwasgivingalecturefrom2p.m.to4p.m.yesterdayafternoon.

>Thesingeranddancerispopularamongtheyoungpeople.

>Breadandbutterishisfavoritefood.

(7)"therebe”句型中謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)與最近的詞語保持一致。

>Thereisabankandtwoshopsonthisroad.

ATherearetwoshopsandabankonthisroad.

(8)由or,neither...nor,either...or,notonly...butalso...連接的并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)與最近的詞語保

持一致。

AEitherheorIamgoingtoattendthemeetingonFriday.

>EitherIorheisgoingtoattendthemeetingonFriday.

(9)主語后跟介詞alongwith,besides,togetherwith,with等引導(dǎo)的短語，或者跟連接詞aswellas,otherthan,

ratherthan等連接的短語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞與這些短語前邊的主語保持一致

>Mymothertogetherwithmybrothershasseenthefilm.

AIaswellasmysisteramgoodatEnglish.

>Hisbrother,ratherthanhisparentsisfondofthecountrymusic.

（10）非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語

①單獨(dú)的不定式、V-ing形式作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)

>Listeningtomusicisawaytoorelaxmyself.

ATosavetheendangeredanimalsiswhatweneedtodo.

②如果多個(gè)非謂語動(dòng)詞連在一起表示同一概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果表示不同概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用

復(fù)數(shù)

>Togotobedearlyandtogetupearlyisagoodhabit.

AToworkandtolivearetwodifferentthingsbuttheyarealwaystogether.

（11）關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，定語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式與先行詞保持一致。

①先行詞是單數(shù)時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；先行詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

>Iwanttoknowthemanwhoissinginginthemusicroom.

>ThepenswhichareonthedeskbelongtoAlice.

②“oneo計(jì)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作先行詞時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；“theonly/very/rightoneo"”可數(shù)名詞

復(fù)數(shù)”作先行詞時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

>Jackisoneofthemusicianswhowereawarded.

>Jackistheonlyoneofthemusicianswhowasawarded.

.提升-必考題型歸納

一、單項(xiàng)選擇

1.（2023?吉林長(zhǎng)春?校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Thereanoticeonthewall.Itsayswewillgocampingtomorrow.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

2.（2023?甘肅隴南?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Thereaconcertnextweek.

A.isgoingtobeB.aregoingtobeC.isgoingtohaveD.isgoingtohas

3.（2023?甘肅隴南?統(tǒng)考一模）NotonlymyparentsbutalsoI________interestedintheCCTVshowCheers

Science.

A.amB.isC.areD.were

4.（2023?湖南湘西?統(tǒng)考二模）Notonlyyoubutalsohe_______playingsoccer.

A.tolikeB.likeC.likes

5.（2023?湖北孝感?統(tǒng)考三模）Outdooractivitiescan________makekidsstronger________helpthemgetmore

knowledge.

A.either...orB.notonly...butalsoC.neither...norD.not...but

6.（2023?福建福州?福建省福州楊橋中學(xué)?？既＃︰mlookingforababy-sitter.Shemustbetoo

oldtooyoung.

A.both;andB.neither;norC.either;or

7.（2023?福建三明?統(tǒng)考二模）一Mom,canIhavethewhitedressandtheredskirt?

一Sorry,dear.Theycosttoomuch,butyoucanchoosethedresstheskirt.

A.both;andB.either;orC.neither;nor

8.（2023?黑龍江哈爾濱?哈爾濱市第十七中學(xué)校?？既＃㎞eitherJimnorhisteacherandIsatisfied

Jim'sresultoftheexam.

A.am;withB.are;withC.am;about

9.（2023?四川自貢??？家荒＃┮籘ony,Icalledyoubutyoudidn'tanswer.

一Oh,sorry.Itogetherwithmycousinswatchingamovieinthecinema.

A.wereB.wasC.is

10.（2023?吉林四平?校聯(lián)考三模）一John,aswellashisparents,fishingeverySaturday.

——With"DoubleReduction^^policy（“雙減”政策）carriedout,studentshavemoretimetotakepartinafter-school

activities.

A.isgoingB.goC.goes

11.（2023?黑龍江綏化?校考三模）SuewithherparentsoftenhillsonSundays.

A.climbB.climbsC.climbed

12.（2023?江蘇揚(yáng)州?統(tǒng)考三模）arecrazyaboutlisteningtopopmusicintheirsparetime.

A.BillaswellashisfriendsB.NeitherVictornorTom

C.NotonlyTimbutalsothetwinsD.EitherAnitaorJack

13.（2022?江蘇常州?統(tǒng)考一模）ThisEnglishbook,togetherwithitslisteningmaterial,well.

A.sellsB.issoldC.sellD.aresold

14.（2023?廣西南寧?南寧十四中?？家荒＃㎝r.WangaswellashiswifeplanningtogotoBeijingfor

aholidaynextmonth.

A.areB.isC.was

15.（2022下?上海浦東新?九年級(jí)上海市進(jìn)才中學(xué)?？计谥校㎜ucyaswellasherparentssupperat

homeyesterdaywhenthetelephone.

A.werehaving;wasringingB.werehaving;rang

C.washaving;rangD.had;wasringing

16.（2022?黑龍江雞西??？肌＃┮籘hemanwithhisdogsoftenoutintheparkintheevening.

一Thedogsareverybigandstrong.

A.goesB.goingC.togo

17.（2023?湖北恩施?統(tǒng)考二模）一Howmuchthispairofshoes?

一Sixtydollarsenough.

A.is;isB.are;isC.are;are

18.（2022?河北保定?統(tǒng)考一模）Tenmonthsalongtime,butit'senoughforustobuildthebridge.

A.isB.isn'tC.areD.aren't

19.（2022.四川達(dá)州.統(tǒng)考一模）weeksenough.

A.Thethird;areB.Thethird;wereC.Three;areD.Three;was

20.（2023?浙江?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Twothirdsofthepopulationinthatfarawayvillagefarmers.

A.areB.isC.haveD.has

21.（2023?黑龍江綏化?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）booksinourlibraryabout20,000.

A.Thenumberof;areB.Anumberof;isC.Thenumberof;is

22.（2023?吉林長(zhǎng)春?長(zhǎng)春市解放大路學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）一Howmanystudentsarethereinoneclassroominthe

USA?

一Thenumberofthemabouttwenty.

A.isB.areC.amD.be

23.（2023?黑龍江哈爾濱?模擬預(yù)測(cè)）一Whatshallwedotostayinshape,Lucy?

—Bothjoggingandswimminggoodchoices.

A.isB.amC.are

24.（2023?福建福州?福建省福州第一中學(xué)校考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）ofthestudentsinourclassgoing

tothesummercampinXiamennextweek.

A.Twofifths;isB.Secondfifths;areC.Twofifths;are

25.（2023?甘肅武威?統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Betweenthetwobuildingsaschool.

A.hasB.haveC.standsD.stand

26.（2023?甘肅定西??？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）Thenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty,butanumberofthem

absentfordifferentreasons.

A.was;wereB.was;wasC.were;wasD.were;were

27.（2023?甘肅定西?統(tǒng)考三模）Inthisclub,anumberofbasketballplayersfromtheUS.Thenumberof

them30.

A.is;areB.are;isC.comes;areD.come;are

28.（2023?內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特?內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)附屬學(xué)校?？级＃㏕hesurveyonthechildrenthatmore

thanfivesixthsofthem________interestedinsciencebooksbecausetheyseemsalittleboring.

A.show;isB.shows;areC.shows;isD.show;are

29.（2023?江蘇徐州?校考二模）ThesurveyshowsthatofthestudentsreadingEnglishnovels.

A.two-third;isB.two-three;areC.two-thirds;isD.two-thirds;are

30.（2023?黑龍江哈爾濱?統(tǒng)考一模）Thenumberofteachersinourschoolgreatlyincreasedlastterm.A

numberofteachersinthisschoolfromthecountryside.

A.was；isB.was；areC.were；are

二、用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空

31.（2023?甘肅隴南?統(tǒng)考三模）Thenumberofvisitorstothemuseumeveryday（be）morethan5,000.

32.（2023?甘肅臨夏?統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）NotonlymyparentsbutalsoI（be）goingtostayathomethis

weekend.

33.（2023?甘肅定西?統(tǒng)考二模）MyteacheralwayssaysthatEnglish（be）ahelpfulsubject.

34.（2023?黑龍江?統(tǒng)考二模）Threequartersoftheearthssurface（be）coveredbywater.

35.（2023?內(nèi)蒙古包頭?包頭市第三十五中學(xué)?？既＃㏕heplanmadebymyclassmateslastweek

（be）differentfrommine.

三、完成句子

36.（2023?重慶沙坪壩?重慶南開中學(xué)?？级＃W(xué)無坦途。（完成譯句）

nosmoothroadtoleaningforus.

37.（2023?重慶沙坪壩?重慶八中?？既＃┛矗∮腥苏谛ｉT口等你呢。（完成譯句）

Look!Theresomeoneforyouattheschoolgate.

38.（2023?內(nèi)蒙古通遼?統(tǒng)考一模）早餐我一般不是吃蛋糕就是吃面包。

Iusuallyeatcakesbreadforbreakfast.

39.（2023?甘肅平?jīng)??？既＃㊣nwinteritoften（TW）inthenorthofChina.

40.（2023?甘肅平?jīng)??？既＃㎎imdoesn'tlikeplayingthepiano,andJackdoesn't,either.（改為同義句）

JimJacklikesplayingthepiano.

一、單項(xiàng)選擇

1.（2023?湖南湘西?統(tǒng)考中考真題）ThereaMiaoDrumCultureFestival（苗鼓文化節(jié)）inthesouthwest

ofChinanextweekend.

A.isB.willhaveC.willbe

2.（2023?內(nèi)蒙古?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thenumberofstudentsinthisschoolfivehundred,andabout

ofthemlikecreativeEnglishhomework.

A.is;threefifthB.is;threefifthsC.are;threefifthD.are;threefifths

3.（2023?內(nèi)蒙古?統(tǒng)考中考真題）NotonlyJimbutalsohissisterafewcitiessincetheycametoChina.

A.havevisitedB.hasvisitedC.visitedD.visits

4.（2023?西藏?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thereaclearlakeinmycity.

A.beB.amC.isD.are

5.（2022-西藏?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassfifty-four.

A.beB.isC.areD.am

6.（2022?吉林長(zhǎng)春?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thereasignonthewall.Itsaysyoumustn,tsmokehere.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

7.（2022?遼寧丹東?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Nextyear,anewroadleadingtothevillage.

A.thereisB.thereareC.therewillbeD.therewas

8.（2022?湖南湘西統(tǒng)考中考真題）Thereonlyoneearthbutbillionsof（數(shù)十億）peopleintheworld,so

weshouldprotecttheearth.

A.haveB.isC.are

9.（2022?遼寧大連?統(tǒng)考中考真題）Onceaterm,thereaparents9meetinginourschool.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

10.（2022?廣西玉林?統(tǒng)考中考真題）一AsfarasIknow,thereahigh-speedtrainfromYulintoShenzhenin

2023.

——Yeah!ItwillbemoreconvenientforthepeopleinYulin.

A.willbeB.