2025屆人教版(2019)高考英語一輪話題復習高考題型通關練：話題14　公益事業(yè)與志愿者服務(教師版)

話題14公益事業(yè)與志愿者服務

Ⅰ.閱讀理解

Emerson，my11－year－olddaughter，isonawildridewiththeUnitedStates

PostalService(USPS)andourmailcarrier，Doug.Shehasaseriousletter－writing

habitandmaintainscorrespondencewithherfavouritepeople.Ifyou’vebeenthe

receiverofherhand－decoratedlettersandenvelopes，thenIknowtheyreallymake

yourday.

AletterfromEmersonislikelytoincludesomeart，ajokeandenoughquestions

toguaranteearesponse.ButwhenshewrotealettertoDoug，sheputsomethingnewin

it.“Youmayknowmeasthepersonlivingherethatwriteslotsofletters...You’revery

importanttome，helpingmestayintouchwithfriends.Icheerpeopleupwithmy

letters，andyoudothattoo！”Emersonwrote.

Thenextday，apackagearrivedwithtwoletters.OnewasfromDougandthe

otherfromhissuperior，Sara，sayingshehadsharedEmerson’sletterintheinternal

newsletter(內(nèi)部通訊)oftheUSPSandbelievedmanypostalfolkswantedtothank

Emerson.Emersonwassopleasedwiththeletterthatitperturbedmemuch，forthe

possibleresultofnoreplywouldcomeasablowtoher.

Surprisingly，today，wesawDougcomewithtwoboxesoflettersfromaroundthe

country.Theselettersweresohuman，filledwithstoriesaboutfamily，petsandasense

ofkindness.Buttherewassomethingmoreinthem.Peoplefeltseen—someforthefirst

timeinalongtime.“Iworkaloneinasmallruralpostoffice...”“Notmanypeoplethink

abouthowhardwework...”Emersonwrotebackseriously.

I’msharingthisnotbecauseI’maprouddad，butbecauseit’srelativelyeasy，if

wetakethetime，togiveotherslinkstheyneedtobegood.Weallwanttobeseen，

knownandloved.Sendaletter.Giveacall.Takeastepofbravery，likeEmerson.

【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。女兒Emerson喜歡給她喜歡的人們寫信。有一次，

她寫信給郵遞員Doug表達了她的感謝，Doug的上司在美國郵政的內(nèi)部通訊中分

享了Emerson的信，沒想到Emerson收到了來自全國各地郵政人員的來信。

Emerson認真地給他們一一回信……

1.WhydidEmersonwriteDougaletter?

A.Tomakefriendswithhim.B.Toexpressherappreciation.

C.Tocheerhimup.D.Toshareherdailylife.

答案B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Youmayknowme...intouchwithfriends”

可知，Emerson寫信是為了感謝Doug幫助她和朋友保持聯(lián)系。]

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“perturbed”inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Touched.B.Astonished.

C.Delighted.D.Concerned.

答案D[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)該句中的“forthepossibleresultofnoreplywould

comeasablowtoher”可知，這封信很可能沒有回信，這對她來說是一個打擊；再

結合語境可知，“我”很擔心這種情況的發(fā)生。故畫線詞意為“使焦慮；使不

安”。]

3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeEmerson?

A.Courageousandgenerous.B.Energeticandambitious.

C.Caringandgrateful.D.Capableandhumourous.

答案C[推理判斷題。第二段提到Emerson給郵遞員寫信，再結合信的內(nèi)容“You

mayknowme...Icheerpeopleupwithmyletters”可知，Emerson寫信感謝Doug幫

助她和朋友們保持聯(lián)系，據(jù)此可以推知，她有感恩之心，并能關愛別人。]

4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Peopleshouldconnectwithothersactively.

B.Peopleshouldcaremoreaboutmailcarriers.

C.Peopleshouldfacechallengeswithbravery.

D.Peopleshouldshowkindnesstootherpeople.

答案A[文章大意題。通讀全文尤其是最后一段可知，本文通過講述“我”的

女兒給郵遞員寫信表達感謝，從而得到來自全國各地的郵遞員回信的故事，說明

了我們每個人都想被看見、被知道和被愛。作者最后呼吁大家像Emerson一樣踏

出勇敢的一步，主動與他人建立良好關系。]

Anyonewantingtohelpthepoormaylikethisidea—recyclingaluminumcansin

adifferentway，whichisapparentlyalsogoodfortheenvironment.Soyou’reactually

killingtwobirdswithonestone.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatrecyclingaluminumcans

cansaveresources，energy，timeandmoney.Peopleusuallysaveandplacealuminum

cansinthedustbins，whicharethencollectedandtakenawaybycleaners，whowill

finallyrecyclethemintherecyclingcentre.Butifyousavethealuminumcans，and

skipthecleaners，youcansavethesesamecansforsomethingmore

important—helpingthepoor.Inotherwords，bydoingthis，youaregivingthe

environmentalcausesomenewsignificance.

Hereishowtoputthisideaintoaction.Takeyouraluminumcansandplacethem

inaplasticbag.Forthedirtyones，rinsethemoutfirst.Storethebagofcleanaluminum

cans.Onceyoucollectaboutonehundredcansormore，takethecanstotherecycle

centreyourself.Thereareabouteighteenaluminumcansinapound.Andyoucan

receivethreetofourdollarsforonehundredcans.Donateyourthreetofourdollarsto

thepoororanycharityorganizationofyourchoice.

Bynow，youmaywonderifyourfewdollarshavereallymadeadifferencetothe

poor.Considerthis：Isthereanyindividualoranyspecificeventthatisgreatenoughto

changetheworldordecidethedirectionthathistorytakes？Theanswerisprobably

no.Whatiftherewerealotofpeoplewhowoulddothesamething？Historyshows

nothingbutthecollectivewillofthewholecommunity.Andthatwillsurelybe

powerfulenoughtomakeabiggerdifference.

Gotoyourcommunityoryourschoolandspreadyouridea.Shareyourideaand

saveyouraluminumcanswithotherpeople.Onehundredpeoplecanspeaklouderthan

one.Andthemoneyyoumakebysavingcanscanbemultipliedbyonehundred

times.Andifmorepeoplejoininthecausearoundtheworld，anevenlargerdifference

canbemade，andmorepeopleinneedwillenjoythebenefits.

【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了如何利用回收鋁罐來幫助貧困者，

并呼吁更多的人加入這項事業(yè)中來。

5.What’sspecialaboutthenewidea?

A.Itmakesprofits.B.Itsavesresources.

C.Itbenefitsthepoor.D.Itinvolvescleaners.

答案C[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，通過回收鋁罐來幫助貧困者的

這一新想法的特別之處是它使貧困者受益。]

6.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?

A.Dirtycansdonotsellwell.

B.Youdecidewhoreceivesthemoney.

C.Ahundredcansweighabout3pounds.

D.Therecyclecentreisconvenientlylocated.

答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容尤其是最后一句可推知，你可以決定捐

款的對象，即可以決定誰會收到(你捐出的)這筆錢。]

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3probablyreferto?

A.Agreatindividualorevent.

B.Thedirectionhistorytakes.

C.Thecollectivewillofpeople.

D.Theneighbourhoodyoulivein.

答案C[代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段最后兩句可知，歷史體現(xiàn)的只是整個社會的

群體意志。而那必將足夠強大到(對社會)產(chǎn)生更大的影響。由此可推知，that指代

人們的群體意志，與C項意思相符。]

8.Whichofthefollowingdoesthewriterwanttotellus?

A.Manyhandsmakelightwork.

B.Killtwobirdswithonestone.

C.Don’tputthecartbeforethehorse.

D.Nomancandotwothingsatonce.

答案A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是最后一段最后一句可推知，這項事

業(yè)需要更多的人加入進來以提供幫助。由此可推知，作者旨在通過本文告訴我們

“眾人拾柴火焰高”。]

Ⅱ.完形填空

Onceuponatime，myfatherandIgotlostinaforestinFrance.Imusthavebeen

abouttwelveorthirteen.Anyway，itwasbeforethetimewhenmostpeople1a

mobilephone.ItwasintheLoireValley.Abouthalfanhourlater，mydad2the

truth.“Oh，itseemsthatwe’relost.”Wewalkedaroundandaroundincircles，trying

tofindthepath，3withnoluck.Icouldtellmydadwasstartingto4，evenif

hewastryingtohideitfromme.Wehadbeenintheforestforhoursthenandweboth

knewmymumwouldbeinastateofabsolute5.Atschool，Ihadjustbeentold

thestoryofthehikerswhohaddiedinthewildernessandIfounditeasyto6

thatwouldbeourfatetoo.“Ifwekeepgoingina7line，we’llgetoutofhere，”

mydadsaid.

Andhewasright.8weheardthesoundsofcarsand9amainroad.We

wereelevenmilesfromthevillagewherewehad10，butatleastwehad

signposts.AndIoftenthinkofthatstrategy，whenIamtotally11—literallyor

metaphorically.IthoughtofitwhenIwasinthemiddleofa12，andwhenmy

heartbeatrapidlywith13andIdidn’tknowhowIcouldcarryonliving.Walking

onefootinfrontoftheother，inthesame14，willalwaysgetyoufurtherthan

runningaroundincircles.It’saboutthe15tokeepwalkingforward.

【語篇解讀】本文是夾敘夾議文。作者年少時和父親外出的時候，在法國的一

片森林里迷了路。他們繞了很多圈，毫無進展。最后，父親提議一路向前，他們

終于走出了森林。這個策略也在作者以后的生活中發(fā)揮了很大的作用，并使作者

深受啟發(fā)：勇往直前，方能戰(zhàn)勝困難。

1.A.ownedB.borrowed

C.inventedD.promoted

答案A[own擁有；borrow借；invent發(fā)明；promote促進，提升。根據(jù)上句“I

musthavebeenabouttwelveorthirteen”可知，當時作者只有十二三歲，還沒有到大

部分人可以擁有手機的時期。]

2.A.revealedB.realized

C.toldD.faced

答案B[reveal揭示，揭露；realize意識到；tell告訴；face面對，面臨。根據(jù)

作者父親所說的話“Oh，itseemsthatwe’relost”可知，大約半個小時后，父親才

意識到他們迷路了。]

3.A.allB.therefore

C.yetD.so

答案C[all所有；therefore因此；yet然而；so因此。結合語境可知，空前的

“我們不停地繞圈，試圖找到出去的路”和空后的“運氣不佳”形成了轉折。]

4.A.complainB.erupt

C.regretD.panic

答案D[complain抱怨；erupt噴發(fā)；爆發(fā)；regret后悔；panic害怕；恐慌。根

據(jù)空后的“evenifhewastryingtohideitfromme”可以推測，盡管父親在試圖掩飾，

但是作者可以看出他已經(jīng)開始慌了。]

5.A.terrorB.anger

C.disappointmentD.loss

答案A[terror恐懼；anger生氣；disappointment失望；loss失落。根據(jù)本句中

的“Wehadbeenintheforestforhours”和常識可知，他們已經(jīng)在森林里迷路幾個小

時了，因此，他們都知道作者的母親會很恐懼。]

6.A.decideB.announce

C.imagineD.clarify

答案C[根據(jù)語境可知，作者在學校聽過登山者在野外死亡的故事，因此，在

森林里迷路幾個小時之后，作者很容易會想到那也會是他們的命運。decide決定；

announce宣布；imagine想象；clarify澄清；闡明。]

7.A.simpleB.short

C.straightD.similar

答案C[結合下文中的描述以及結尾部分的“keepwalkingforward”可知，作者

的父親建議走直線。]

8.A.RegularlyB.Eventually

C.SurprisinglyD.Generally

答案B[regularly經(jīng)常性地；eventually最終；最后；surprisingly令人吃驚地；

generally通常；普遍地。根據(jù)語境和空前的“hewasright”可知，他們最終聽到了

車聲，到達了大路。]

9.A.choseB.missed

C.followedD.reached

答案D[參見上題解析。]

10.A.setoffB.passed

C.calledonD.lived

答案A[根據(jù)上句中講到的到達大路和下文中的“atleastwehadsignposts”可以

推測，路標可以指引他們到達出發(fā)(setoff)的村莊。pass經(jīng)過；callon呼吁，號召；

live生活。]

11.A.lostB.sensitive

C.angryD.stuck

答案A[lost失落的，迷失的；sensitive敏感的；angry生氣的；stuck被困住的。

根據(jù)語境可知，空前的“thatstrategy”指的是作者和父親在迷路時用的策略，所以

作者在迷路或迷惘的時候，經(jīng)常會想起那個策略。]

12.A.termB.race

C.performanceD.breakdown

答案D[term學期；race比賽；performance表演；breakdown精神崩潰。本句

是對上一句的闡述，作者會在精神崩潰、因為害怕而心跳加速等時想起這個策略。]

13.A.excitementB.surprise

C.fearD.interest

答案C[參見上題解析。]

14.A.wayB.cycle

C.directionD.distance

答案C[根據(jù)空后的“willalwaysgetyoufurtherthanrunningaroundincircles”可

知，一步一步地朝著相同的方向會讓你走得更遠。]

15.A.ambitionB.determination

C.inspirationD.cooperation

答案B[ambition野心；雄心；determination決心；inspiration靈感；cooperation

合作。根據(jù)語境可知，無論你是真的迷路還是感到迷惘，都要有一路向前的決心。]

Ⅲ.語法填空

(2024·江蘇省南京市、鹽城市高三二調(diào))

Seeingthese“gardens”islikelookingatauniverseinaplantpot.Theminiature

(微型的)branchesspreadandtwist，1.(demonstrate)thebeautyof

nature，soastoallowviewerstostopandreflectonthecircleoflife.Thepotted

landscapeofpenjing2.(be)arepresentativeoftop－rankinggardenart

eversinceitsexistence.

3.(expected)，theSuzhou－stylepenjingcultivationtechnique

waslistedasanational－levelintangibleculturalheritage(非物質文化遺產(chǎn))in

2011.4.penjing，Suzhougardenswouldn’tbeascharmingastheyare

today.Oncetheconstructionofagardeniscompleted，itsbuildingsareset，butplanting

cangrowandchange，whichmakesgardens5.(live).

Thehistoryofpenjing6.(date)backtotheTangDynastywhen

thegreatpoetBaiJuyiusedsomestones7.(create)miniature

landscapesinpots.AndtheMingDynastymarkedaboomintheeconomyofSuzhou，

theveryperiod8.turnedthecityintoamajorculturalcenter.Because

ofthatlonghistory，Suzhou－stylepenjingisoftenseenas9.

fundamentalscho