2024年專升本英語考點(diǎn)

專升本英^考試題型

試卷§1型及分值分布表

序考試分

題號(hào)考試內(nèi)容題型

a項(xiàng)目值

1

聽力封話、實(shí)用曹

I1—15選擇、填空5

理解話、短文

分

戢匚1

16—3

II和構(gòu)言司匯、言吾法構(gòu)造選擇、填空5

0

造分

理解^篇，包括4

閱^31—5選擇、填空、

III壹般性和應(yīng)用0

理解0匹配

性文字材料分

1

51—5句子翻譯、

IV翻譯句子和段落5

6段落翻譯

￡

簡(jiǎn)歷表、申^1

善寫、套寫、

V寫作57善、邀^信、告5

填寫

知等寫作八分

非英^專業(yè)考生只完畢1-V部分，合計(jì)100分,

按120分折算計(jì)入^分

吉吾法

考li復(fù)習(xí)

B寺態(tài)與司吾態(tài)

壹般目前畤:

考黑占壹：表達(dá)永恒的真理，雖然出目前遇去的^

境中，仍用壹股目前B寺，如:

Ilearnedthattheearthgoesaroundthe

sunwhenIwasinprimaryschool.

考黠二:在日寺間和條件狀言吾彳是句中，優(yōu)句用壹般

目前日寺替代替代壹般未來日寺；常用的引導(dǎo)言司有：

until/when/before/assoonas/the

moment/if/unless

Iwillnotattendtheconferenceifitrains

tomorrow.

Hewon'tknowthetruthunlessyoutell

him.

目前完畢畤

表達(dá)fi作發(fā)生在遇去,完畢在謾去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)與目

前狀況仍有聯(lián)絡(luò)，其成果或者影響仍然存在。有

襟志性的日寺間狀^;

Hehasopenedthedoor.

Ihaveboughtacomputer.

考黑占壹：for+B寺間段；since+日寺間,主句用目前

完畢B寺

TheyhavelivedinBeijingforfiveyears.

TheyhavelivedinBeijingsince1995.

考黑占二:常見的不確定的日寺間狀^:

Lately,recently,already,yet,sofar,uptill

now

Hasitstoppedrainingyet?

考黑占三：表達(dá)”第幾次做某事"或者"itis(最

高級(jí))thebest(worst,mostinteresting),主

句用壹般目前B寺，彳是句用目前完畢B寺。

ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavevisited

China.

ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhave

seen.

謾去完畢疇

表達(dá)退去某偃IN寺間之前已^完畢的U作，即發(fā)生

在遇去的遇去。

Therehadbeen25parksinthecityuptill.

考黠壹：用于

hardly/scarcely/barely/rarely...when;no

sooner...than句型中,主句用退去完畢日寺,彳於

句用壹般退去畤

Ihadhardlyfinishedmyworkwhenhecame

toseeme.

Ihadnosoonergotintotheroomthanit

begantosnow.

考黑占二：表達(dá)第幾次做某事/最高級(jí)，主句用謾

去式，彳是句用遇去完畢B寺。

Thatwasthesecondtimethatshehadseen

hergrandfather.

考黑占三：用于by+謾去日寺間段

Shehadlearnt3differentlanguagesbythe

endof.

未來完畢疇(willhavedone)

表未來某畤刻之前已完畢的事情，口寺間狀^非常

明顯。

考黑占壹：by+未來日寺間段

BynextFriday,Iwillhavegotreadyforthe

exam.

表謾去某值I特定期間發(fā)生且完畢的11］作，或謾去

習(xí)慣性勤作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)望寸目前的影響。

考黑占壹：usedtodo遇去常常做某事

Heusedtosmokealot

迤行B寺態(tài)

考黑占壹:

表達(dá)某偃］詳細(xì)畤間黠在干什么，常常有詳細(xì)的畤

間晉司,如at10o'clock,atthatmoment等。

Hewasdoinghomeworkat9o'clock

yesterdayevening.

考黑占二：

趨向性勤官司常用

前it行B寺表未來，如：gof

等

comefleave,start

Iamcoming.（立即來了）

HeisleavingChongqingonFriday.（他星期五

離^重慶）

HeisleavingforChongqingonFriday.（他

星期五要來重慶）

感官勤官司考黠：

表達(dá)感知的勤黃］:hear,feelnotice,recognize,

感官

tastezsmellJookzsound,taste,appear,

勤官司做系勤官司B寺翻譯成…起來

Heislookingatthesun.（實(shí)意勤言司）

Helooksyoungerthanhisjuniorbrother.（系

薪司）

考黑占壹：做系勤倒JB寺不能用于被勤吉吾態(tài)

e.g.Themusicsoundsbeautiful.

Thesilkfeelssoft.

考黑占二：做系勤吉司日寺不能用于迤行日寺態(tài)

考黑占三：做系司日寺背面接形容官司，不接副弱

Soundsgood.

Thecaketastesgood.

官吾法專n練習(xí)

宜.畤態(tài)與京吾態(tài)

1.Tomwasdisappointedthatmostofthe

guestswhenheattheparty.

A.hadleft,arrivedB.left,hadarrived

C.hadleft,hadarrivedD.left,arrived

2.Maryletteratnineyesterday

evening.

A.typedB.wastypingC.hastyped

D.istyping

3.Theworkbythetimeyougethere.

A.willhavebeendoneB.isdone

C.hadbeendoneD.wouldhavedone

4.1tforaweekandthestreetswere

flooded.

A.hasrainedB.wasrained

C.hadbeenrainingD.shouldhaverained

5.Sorry,butwecannotgotoSanDiego.Our

cousinstoseeusnextSunday.

A.comeB.arecomingC.have

comeD.came

6.Sheanumberofbooksbytheend

oflastyear.

A.hadwrittenB.haswrittenC.have

writtenD.hadbeenwritten

7.1heresinceIcametoBeijing.

A.hadlivedB.havelivedC.islivingD.

willlive

8.Bytheendofnextyear;thebuilding.

A.willcompletedB.willhavebeen

completed

C.hascompletedD.iscompleting

9.Hesmokealot,nowheisa

non-smoker.

A.usedtoB.isusedtoC.wasusedtoD.

usedby

10.Hardlytheroomwhenitto

rain.

A.hadentered,wasrainingB.entered,had

rained

C.hadentered,rainedD.entered,was

raining

二:非謂言吾.

翱司

L謂言吾勤言司

2.非謂言吾置篇1

謂^勤言司

行司/實(shí)意勤黃］:

Leatzsleep,clean.Stay

（可以罩獨(dú)做謂者吾，用副短1修飾）

2.聯(lián)絡(luò)1!嗣:be,get,become（不能罩獨(dú)做謂

B,其彳爰成分稱^表言吾）

3.情態(tài)勤喜司:can,could,will（不能罩獨(dú)做謂^,

彳爰接勤官司原型）

4.助勤育司：do/have的多種形式，協(xié)助完畢日寺

態(tài)與^氣的勤官司，不能罩獨(dú)做謂言吾。

Havebeenhere/Idolikeyou.

非謂BSib言司:

1.不定式：t。do（除了不能做謂言吾，其他成分

都能做）

2.分黃|:目前分言司:Ving（表積極與迤行）,遇

去分官司：（表被勤與狀態(tài)）

3.勤名黃J:Ving

※英^壹句話只能有壹種主謂構(gòu)造

假如出現(xiàn)更多司：

?力口連音司(and/but/so…)

?放入彳是句

?變?yōu)榉侵^言吾勤言司

l)GracefinishedherdinneratWulong

2)attendedthelocaldancingparty.

壹.加入連靛)

GracehadfinisheddinneratWulong,

andsheattendedthelocaldancingparty

later.

二.放入優(yōu)句

Themoment/whenGracehadfinished

dinneratWulong,sheattendedthelocal

dancingpartylater.

=.變懸非謂司

Gracefinishedherdinnerquicklyto

attendthelocaldancingparty.

不定式考黠:

1.Itis+adj+forsbtodosth/Itis+

adj+ofsbtodosth

e.g.Itisdifficultforhimtofinishthetask.

Itisverykindofyoutosayso.

2.Ittakessbsometimetodosth

花費(fèi)某人多少B寺間做某事

Ittakesmethreedaystorepairthemachine.

3.so+adj/adv+asto.???如止匕，以至于

e.g.Thehouseissohighastoresemblea

tower.

4.onlyto居然(表出乎意料的轉(zhuǎn)折)

Hestudiedhardonlytofailtheexam.

5.but(except)彳爰帶不帶to?

若句子的謂言吾勤言司是"d?！钡亩喾N形式，則不

帶to

Lastnight,IdidnothingbutwatchTV.

若句子的謂言吾勤官司不是"do〃的多種形式，則

帶to

Thedoctortoldhimnothingbuttostop

smoking.

6.壹聽:listento,hear

二看:watch,see,lookat

三使：let,make,have

四注意：notice

五感境::feel

以上勤言司接勤者司原形，但若用^被勤吉吾態(tài)，則應(yīng)

接帶to的不定式。

Imadehimdohiswork.

Hewasmadetodohiswork.

勤名靛］考黠:

1.Itisnogood/use/point/agreat

fun+ving:做某事瓢好處/用處/意義/樂趣做某

事

Itisnogoodhelpinghim.

Itisagreatfungettingtoknowyour

guys.

2.Thereisno+doingsth不也言午做某

事

Thereisnotdenyingthat

successfulbusinessliesinahealthy

bodyandmind.

Thereisnotellingwhatheisgoingtodo?

3.havedifficulty(trouble,fun,agood

time)+(in)doingsth做某事難(麻煩，好玩)

4.go+doing戶外活勤

Gofishing,goswimming,goshopping

4.bebusy(in)doingsth忙于做某事

5.spend/wastetime(in)doing

sth/onsth

6.can'thelpdoingsth忍不住做某

事

Iamsorry,Ican'thelpoverhearing...

7.beworthdoingsth值得做某事(積

極表被勤）

Thebookisworthreading.

8.LiMingissaidabroad.Doyouknow

what

r

hestudiedin?

hewillstudyin?

country〔hestudiesin?

A.tohavestudiedB.tostudy

C.tobestudyingD.tohavebeen

studying

分靛J考黠:

分言司做狀^:

1)主彳於句主言吾壹致

2)省略優(yōu)句連黃1與主^

3)優(yōu)句分言司形式取決于與主官吾的關(guān)系,

積極用目前分黃1,被勤用退去分黃］

(ftt)Whenthestudentssawtheteacher

enteringclassroom,(主)thestudentsstood

up.

Seeingtheteacherenteringclassroom,the

studentsstoodup.

獨(dú)立主格:

獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造有三種類型:

2.邏輯主+（being）+表喜吾（名官司.形容菊!.副

嬴介^短獨(dú)

3.with/without+復(fù)合賓（不定式,分孤

形容馥L副孤

介城司短短吾）

非謂^練習(xí)

.1.anythingabouttheaccident,hewent

toworkasusual.

A.NotknownB.KnowingnotC.

KnownnotD.Notknowing

2.moreattention,thetreescould

havegrownbetter.

A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.

Havinggiven

3.in1636,Harvardisoneofthemost

famousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.

A.BeingfoundedB.Itwasfounded

C.FoundedD.Founding

4.bytheadvancesintechnology,

manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmson

theirland.

A.BeingencouragedB.Encouraging

C.EncouragedD.Havingencouraged

5.therightkindoftraining,these

teenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrow

intotheinternationalstars.

A.GivingB.HavinggivenC.Togive

D.Given

6.inthequeueforhalfanhour,theold

mansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthe

chequeinthecar.

A.WaitingB.TowaitC.Havingwaited

D.Tohavewaited

7.Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident

losehisjob.

A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.so

astonotD.notsoasto

8.lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoff

thealarm.

A.TosleepB.SleepingC.Sleep

D.Havingslept

9.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhe

wassentthere_foraspaceflight.

A.trainingB.beingtrainedC.tohave

trainedD.tobetrained

10.Theoldprofessorsaidtouseverypartof

thematerialsshouldbemadeuseof

thepowerstation.

A.tobuildB.buildingC.build

D.built

11.Allofthemtrytousethepowerofthe

workstationinformationinamore

effectiveway.

A.presentingB.presentedC.being

presentedD.topresent

12.nobus,wehadtowalkhome.

A.TherewasB.TherebeingC.

Becausetherebeing

D.Therewere

13.,I'llgotherewithyoutomorrow

afternoon.

A.TimepermitsB.IftimepermittingC.

TimepermittingD.Time'spermitting

14.,weallwenthomehappily.

A.GoodbyewassaidB.Goodbyehad

beensaid

C.GoodbyesaidD.Whengoodbye

said

15.,weallwentswimminginhigh

spirits.

A.ItbeingfineweatherB.Itfine

weather

C.ItwasfineweatherD.Itbeingafine

weather

情態(tài)司考ifi：

?Can,could

?May,might

?Must/haveto

?Need

?Dare

?Will/would

?Shall/should/oughtto

考黑占壹：Must的否認(rèn)回答

在回答must引起的冏句B寺，假如與否認(rèn)的答復(fù),

可用don'thaveto或needn't（不必），但不

能用mustn't(壹定不，必須不，不容言午，不得)。

如：

一MustIcleanthediningroomatonce?我

必須立即打掃餐廳嗎？

—Yes,youmust.是的，你必須立即打掃。

一No,youdon'thaveto(=needn't).不必

啦。

Youmustn'tsmokeintheoffice.你不得在

辦公室抽煙。

考黑占二:must表肯定猜測(cè):

Must表達(dá)推測(cè)H寺，只能用于肯定句中

mustdo基寸壹般疇的肯定推測(cè)

mustbedoing封目前的勤作謹(jǐn)行肯定推

測(cè)

musthavedone封遇去發(fā)生的事情作出的

肯定判斷

TheyhaveboughtanewcarTheymust

havealotofmoney.

Hemustbereadingnovelsnow.

Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlast

night.

考黑占三：can't/could't表否認(rèn)推測(cè)

考黑占四:needdoingsth=needtobedone

Theflowersneedwatering.=Theflowers

needtobewatered.

Thehouseneedspainting.=Thehouseneeds

tobepainted.

延伸：want,requestdoingsth=want/request

tobedone

考黑占五：need/dare既可做實(shí)意勤黃］,也可做情

態(tài)勤言司。實(shí)意勤官司用在肯定句中(need/dareto

dosth),情態(tài)司用在否認(rèn)和疑冏句中

(need/daredosth)o

Dareyouwalkthroughtheforestatnight?

Youneedn'treturnthebooknow.

Heneedstogotherehimself.

三.情態(tài)勤官司

1.—Shelooksveryhappy.Shehave

passedtheexam.

—Iguessso.It1snotdifficultafterall.

A.shouldB.couldC.must

D.might

2.Youbehungryalready,youhad

lunchonlytwohoursago!

A.wouldn'tB.can'tC.mustn7

tD.needn't

3.—rmsorry.Iatyoutheotherday.

—Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.

A.shouldn'tshout

B.shouldn,thaveshouted

C.mustn7tshout

D.mustn7thaveshouted

4.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.I

don'tthinkweitwithoutyou.

A.canmanageB.couldhavemanaged

C.couldmanageD.canhavemanaged

5.—Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar

buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.

一Itacomfortablejourney.

A.can'tbeB.shouldn/tbe

C.mustn'thavebeenD.couldn'thave

been

6.Thebosshasgiveneveryoneaspecial

holiday,sowe—gotoworktomorrow.

A.can'tB.mustn't

C.needn7tD.shouldn/t

7.Sincetheroadiswetthismorning,

lastnight

A.itmusthaverainedB.itmustrain

C.itmustberainingD.itmusthave

beenrained

8.Asteachersweshouldconcernourselves

withwhatissaid,notwhatwethink.

A.oughttobesaidB.mustsay

C.havetobesaidD.needtosay

9.Youallthosecalculations.Wehavea

computertodothatsortofthing.

A.mustnothavedoneB.shouldnot

have

C.cannothavedoneD.needn7thave

done

lO.Withallthisworkonhand,heto

thecinemalastnight

A.mustn1tgoB.wouldn'tgo

C.oughtn1tgoD.shouldn'thave

gone

11.“IsawMaryinthelibraryyesterday/

“Youher,sheisstillinhospital/

A.mustn'thaveseenB.couldnotsee

C.can'thaveseenD.mustnotsee

虛擬^氣

—.If型

—.Should+重力留|原開鄉(xiāng)

三.類似if型

壹.If型（主彳是句在既有日寺態(tài)基礎(chǔ)上向前退壹種

口寺態(tài)）

1.Xif條件句的虛擬

條件彳是句主句

與目前If+主言吾+were主

事實(shí)相If+主言吾+Ved+Should/would/co

反uld+翱司原形

與遇去If+主言吾+hadH口口

事實(shí)相done+Should/would/co

反uld+havedonesth

與未來If+主言吾+vedH豐蘭口口五十+

事實(shí)相If+主言吾+shouldShould/would/coul

反If+主言吾+wered+ib黃］原形

to

Ifitrainstomorrow,itwillbefine.

Betodosth

IfJohnwereherenow,hewouldexplainit.

Ifyouhadaskedmeearlier,Iwouldhavetold

you.

Ifitrained/shouldrain/weretorain

tomorrow,.Iwouldstayathome

※If條件句中有were,had,could,should等，

可省略if,將were,had,could,should提到句

首,變^倒裝。

hadyouaskedmeearlier,Iwouldhavetold

you.

Hadyouaskedmeearlier,Iwouldhavetold

you.

IfJohnwereherenowzhewouldexplainit.

WereJohnherenowzhewouldexplainit.

二.Should+重帽司原形

1.

一個(gè)堅(jiān)持insist

兩個(gè)命令order,command

三個(gè)建議advise,suggest,propose

四個(gè)要求demand,require,request,ask

■

其接的賓^^句及以其同根名言司

(suggestionfadvice,proposal,requiremen)

引導(dǎo)的主^,表卓吾，同位^^句中用(should)+

勤官司原形。

Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gohome

earlier.

Hissuggestionwasthatwe(should)go

homeearlier.※辨別suggest+(that)+主［吾

+(should)do+sth

Suggestdoingsth

Hesuggestedgoingoutforawalk.

HesuggestedthatIshouldgooutforawalk.

^insist/suggest各有兩種意思，要用不壹樣的

言吾氣

Insist表達(dá)"堅(jiān)決規(guī)定"B寺,用虛擬形式

Insist表達(dá)”堅(jiān)持認(rèn)^,堅(jiān)持STH寺,用陳言兌言吾

氣，表達(dá)事實(shí)。

Suggest表達(dá)"提議"日寺,用虛擬形式。

Suggest表達(dá)"表明、暗示"日寺,用陳言皤吾氣。

e.g.Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouare

ill.

Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.

Iinsistedheshouldreturn(return)

thebook.

2.Itisimportant(necessaryf

strange,)that....

類似使用方法的崩)有:necessary,strange,

natural,desired,apity,ashame,no

wonder...

e.g.It'snecessarythatweshouldhavea

walk

三.類似if型

1.

Wish/asif/asthough/ifonly/wouldrather

that...

現(xiàn)在：過去時(shí)(were)

過去：過去完成時(shí)(haddone)

未來:would/could/might+V(原)

e.g.IwishIwere30yearsyounger.

Hetreatedthelittlegirlasifshehadbeen

heown

daughter.

Iwouldratheryouhadgonetherelast

Sunday.

IfonlyIhadseenthefilmyesterday!

2.

It's(high)time+thatJ過去時(shí)(were)/

IShould(不省)+V

e.g.It'shightimethatyouwent

It'shightimethatyoushouldgo.

3.介春司短^引導(dǎo)的虛擬^氣

一些短語相當(dāng)于虛擬條件從句（if…），

其后的句子與虛擬條件主句用法一致。

butfor+n（要不是）「現(xiàn)在/將來

would/could/should/

without+n,might+V.（原）

A?句子

otherwise（行則），過去

would/could/should/

inthatcase.Lmight*havedone

e.g.

Ifyouhadnothelpedus,wewouldn7t

havemade....

Butforyourhelp,we

（make）suchrapidprogress.

Withoutair,there_wouldbe(be)no

livingthings.

Thankstothebraveyoungman,otherwise,

theboy(die).wouldhavedied

四.虛擬^氣

1.Ifonlyhequietlyasthedoctor

instructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.

A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.should

lie

2.HowIwisheveryfamilyalargehouse

withabeautifulgarden.

A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.had

had

3.Youdidnotletmedrive.Ifweinturn,

yousotired.

A.drove;didn'tgetB.drove;

wouldn'tget

C.weredriving;wouldn,tgetD.had

driven;wouldn7thavegot

4.itraintomorrow,wewouldhaveto

putoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge

A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.

Will

5.Isuggestedthepersonreferredto

putintoprison

A.wasB.beC.willbeD.wouldbe

6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater;

itlooksasifit

A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebroken

D.hadbeenbroken

7.Iinsistedtoseeadoctor;buthe

insistednothing_wrongwithhim

A.onhimtogo;shouldbeB.hewent;beC.

hego;wasD.heshouldto;is

8.—Yourauntinvitesyoutothemovies

today

—Iwouldrathershemetomorrowthan

today

A.tellsB.toldC.wouldtellD.had

told

9.—Wouldyouhavecalledherup?

-Yes,butIbusydoingmyhomework

A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe

10.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseIthe

sportsmeet

A.wouldhavetakenpartinB.tookpart

in

C.hadtakenpartinD.wouldtake

partin

11.theclouds,youwouldfindthe

airplaneintheskyeasily

A.HaditnotbeenforB.Ifitwere

not

C.IfithadnotbeenforD.Wereitnot

for

12.IfmylawyerherelastSunday,he

mefromgoing

A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.had

been,wouldprevent

C.were,preventD.were,

wouldhaveprevented

13.hard,hewouldhavepassedtheexam

A.IfheweretoworkB.Hadheworked

C.ShouldheworkD.Werehetowork

14.Ifitforthesnow,wethe

mountainyesterday

A.werenot,couldhaveclimbB.werenot,

couldclimbC.hadnotbeen,couldhave

climbedD.hadn'tbeen,couldclimb

15.Withoutelectricity,humanlifequite

difficulttoday

A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.

wouldbe

優(yōu)句常見考黠：

（定優(yōu)，狀優(yōu)，名優(yōu)（主者吾優(yōu)句、賓^^句，表

^徙句））

定^^句考黠:

（-）用關(guān)系代稅I遢是關(guān)系副黃）

關(guān)系代霸I

who人主、賓、表

whom人賓

which物主、賓、表

that人和物主、賓、表

as物主、賓

關(guān)系形容官司

Whose=ofwhom/ofwhich人和物的定言吾

Whose與ofwhich/whom的區(qū)別

ofwhich/whomH寺應(yīng)在名言］前加上定冠晉司the

或其他限定官司,也就是言兌假如名官司前有限定黃］就

只能用ofwhich/whom。假如名黃］前沒有限定

黃I,就用whose。

Thehousewindowsfacesouthisourreadins-

room.

A.ofwhichB.whoseC.whichD.its

Ilichousethewindowsfacesouthisourreading-

?a111al111aH1al1aBM1aB1aBi1M

room.

A.ofwhichR.whc^seC.whichD.its

關(guān)系副蠲1

When=at/in/on/during...which

Where=at/in/to...which

Why=forwhich

注意：關(guān)系黃1所做的成分關(guān)鍵是由彳是句中的勤吉司

來決定.22

Thisistheplacewherewework.(vi).

Thisistheplace.

Weworkintheplace.

Thisistheplacewhichwevisited.(vt)

(二)關(guān)系代官司和關(guān)系副^的特殊狀況

1.指物畤只用that,不用which的狀況:

1)富先行言司

居

all,much,little,fewznone,something,an

ything,everything,nothing等不定代言隔。

2)先行官司被序數(shù)官司或形容含司的最高級(jí)或

thelast,theonly,thevery等表強(qiáng)調(diào)的有司等修

飾。

3).在疑解司who,what,which的句子中。

(防止歧意)

WhoisthegirlthatistalkingwithMr.Brown

?

4).富先行言司既指人又指物畤。

Wearetalkingaboutthepeopleandcountri

esthat

wehavevisited.

2.只能用which不能用that的狀況。

1).引導(dǎo)非限定性定^彳是句修飾某物或整值I句

子。

eg

Brucewenttowardsthefire,whichwasstill

smoking.

Tomcamebacklate,whichmadehisparent

svery

angry.

2).在介黃I背面：介黃］+which(先行黃］是

物)Theworldinwhichweliveismadeofm

atter.

注意:若介官司在彳他句中而沒有直接在關(guān)系黃1彳第可

以用which或that.例如：

Theworldthatweliveinismadeofmatter.

(=)非限制性定^^句

非限制性定言吾優(yōu)句不能用that弓|導(dǎo)，壹般用引導(dǎo)

黃Iwhich/as/wh。徘限制性定■是句既可以修飾

主句的部分內(nèi)容，也可修飾主句的所有內(nèi)容。

狀^^句考ifi:

（壹）條件狀言吾優(yōu)句

引導(dǎo)條件狀言吾彳是句的附屬連黃I有if,unless,

as/solongas,consideringthat,

supposingthat,providedthat（彳取如,在…的

條件下）,onconditionthat（只要,在...的條

件下）等等。

（二）日寺間狀^^句

屬連黃1:when,as,while,before,after,since,

till/until,assoonas,once,......等。

用于It+be+B寺間段+before:在……之彳爰

才

e.g.ItwilllbefiveyearsbeforeIco

me

back.

常于情態(tài)IM司can/could連用：沒來得

及……就……

e.g.BeforeIcouldsayaword,she

had

rushedoutoftheroom

名言司短言吾（連黃1功能）：

nexttime,everytime,themoment,themin

ute等。

E.g.EveryminuteIseeher,itremindsmeof

mymoher.

（=）讓步狀^^句

引導(dǎo)讓步狀者吾彳住句的連言］有：though/although

（盡管），evenif/eventhough（雖然），

nomatterhow（what,when,which,who,

where）,however（whatever,wheneverz

whichever,whoever,wherever）（瓢論〃〃），

as（盡管），while（雖然，盡管）等。

As表盡管放在句首B寺，將彳是句中的賓言吾或表言吾提

前，假如有冠黃I,省略冠含司。

Youngasheis,hehasalotofexperience.

Childasheis,hehasalotofexperience.

（四）成果狀^^句

成果狀優(yōu)句的連黃J有:sothat,so...that,,,

such...that”成果狀者吾放在主句之彳急常足句型構(gòu)

造有：

（1）so+形容點(diǎn)司/副官司+that彳隹句;

（2）sucha/an+開鄉(xiāng)容黃］+可數(shù)名黃I軍數(shù)+that軸

句；

（五）的狀^優(yōu)句

目的狀言吾攏句連聲司有:incase〃以免，以防離壹〃，

inorderthat端了〃"，以便〃〃"。sothat引導(dǎo)

狀^彳是句只能置于主句之彳爰。inorderthat引導(dǎo)

狀^彳是句可放主句之前或之彳急

（六）地黠狀^^句

地黑占狀言吾彳隹句由where,anywhere,wherever

引導(dǎo)。where指"在某彳固地方".wherever指"瓢

論哪事,在任何壹種地方"。

（七）原因狀^優(yōu)句

引導(dǎo)原因狀言吾彳是句的連黃］有：because,as,

since,when（既然）,nowthat（既然），

seeingthat（ST）,consideringthat,inthat

（在于，由于）等

名之司性優(yōu)句考黠(主,表言吾,賓喜吾)

1,that何H寺可以省略

1)that在賓^優(yōu)句大多數(shù)狀況可以省略

(l)Weregret(that)youdidnotfindourpro

uctsatisfactory.

(2)Wetoldthedriver

(that)wewereinahurry.

2)在主^,表^,同位言吾彳的句中壹般不能省

略。(1)Thatyouwanttobeindependentis

onlynatural.

(2)TheadvantageofDVDisthatitgivesyou

muchbetterpicturequality.

(3)Weshouldmakepeoplefacethefactthat

alotofpeoplediefromsmokingeveryyear

2,if和whether的區(qū)別：

1)在賓^彳隹句中，if和whether壹般都可以使

用.

在賓言吾彳隹句中，只能使用whether的狀況：

(1)介黃I之彳爰

Yoursuccessorfailuredependsonwhether

youworkhard.

⑵緊跟ornot日寺

Sheaskedmewhetherornothewouldcom

e.

(3)接不定式

Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?

⑷主^^句，表^彳是句，同位言吾彳是句只能用

whether.

WhetherIwillcomedependsonanumber

ofthings.Thequestioniswetherhewillco

metohelp.

練習(xí)：

2.haspassedthetestwillgetaprize.

A.WhoeverB.Nomatterwho

C.WhomeverD.Who

5.movedusmostwashelookedafter

theoldmanformorethantwentyyears.

A.That;thatB.What;that

CWhat;whatD.That;what

8.IfyouknowitwasthatwriteATaleof

TwoCities,raiseyourhand.

A.whomB.which

C.whoD.that

11.Criticismandself-criticismis

necessaryithelpsustofindandcorrect

mistakes.

A.bythatB.atthat

C.onthatD.inthat

10.Thattree,branchesarealmost

bare,isveryold.

A.whoseB.ofwhich

C.inwhichD.onwhich

3.Isthisthefactoryheworkedte

nyearsago?

A.thatB.where

C.whichD.theone

9.TIItellyouhetoldmelastweek.

A.allwhichB.thatC.allthatD.which

11.1haveboughtthesamedresssh

eiswearing.

A.asB.thatC.whichD.what

Nomatterwho只能引導(dǎo)狀^彳隹句

Whoever既能引導(dǎo)狀^彳世句,又能引導(dǎo)名

黃1性優(yōu)句

Whoeverhaspassedthetestwillgetaprize.

Nomatterwhohaspassedthetest,hewill

getaprize.

強(qiáng)調(diào)與倒裝

強(qiáng)調(diào)的兩種方式：

1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis(was)…that(who)

2.用助勤官司dofdoes或did來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂機(jī)

強(qiáng)調(diào)句

?Itis/was......that(who).......

被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分句子剩余部分

去掉Itis/was……that.....后,句子依然完整

ItwasJack-riratbroketheglass.

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的判斷

把“It,be,thaV去掉，如果剩余部分句子結(jié)構(gòu)

仍然完整（被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分要還原到原位■）.那么

這個(gè)句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句；如果句子不完差，則不是強(qiáng)謫句。

如：

①ItwasatthetheatreLincolnwas

murdered.

ItwasthetheatreLincolnwas

murdered.

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.theone

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的變形

1.壹般疑冏句的強(qiáng)調(diào)：Is/Wasit+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分

+that/who+其他部分

e.g.Wasitonalonelyislandhewas

savedonemonthaftertheboatwentdown?

A.whereB.thatC.which

D.what

2.特殊疑冏句的強(qiáng)調(diào):被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（壹般是疑冏代

官司或疑冏副司+is/was+it+that/who+其他部

分。

e.g.一thathemanagedtogetthe

information?

—Ohzafriendofhishelpedhim.

A.WhichwasitB.WhatwasitC.How

wasitD.Whywasit

3.notuntil...強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/wasnotuntil+被

強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他部分

e.g.ItwasnotuntilIcamehereI

realizedthisplacewasfamousfornotonly

itsbeautybut

alsoitsweather.

A.whoB.thatC.whereD.before

Ididn'trealizethisplacewasfamousfor

notonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweatheruntilI

camehere.

倒裝:

M英語倒裝句分為兩種：

會(huì)完全倒裝:

全部謂語放在主語之前

?部分倒裝:

只把助動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或連系動(dòng)詞放在主語

之前，如果句中的謂語沒有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，需

添加助動(dòng)詞do,does或did,并將其置于主語之前。

部分倒裝考黑占:

(1)否認(rèn)含司never,seldom,hardly、

scarcely,barely,rarely,little、not、

nowhere(輾處,任何地方都不)、byno

means、undernocondition/

絕不）、

circumstancesatnotime（

neither,nor,notonly,notuntil等放在

句首B寺,句子常倒裝。

e.g.Notonlyinterestedinfootball

butalsobeginningtoshowan

interestinit.

A.theteacherhimselfis;allhisstudents

areB.theteacherhimselfis;areallhis

studentsC.istheteacherhimself;are

allhisstudentsD.istheteacher

himself;allhisstudentsare

XNotonly...butalso句型中，notonly彳麥

部分倒裝，butalso彳爰不倒裝。

eg.NotuntilIbegantoworkhow

muchtimeIhadwasted.

A.didn'tIrealizeB.didIrealize

C.Ididn'trealizeD.Irealized

(2)Only+狀^或狀^彳是句+其他

例如：OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglish

well.

比較:OnlyMothercanunderstandme

(3)nosooner...than.??、hardly...

when.??、scarcely...whenso...

???、

thatsuch...that...fnotonly...butalso...

句型中，主句倒裝，彳是句不倒裝，但要注

意:neither…nor...連接的句子前彳麥兩彳固分句

都要倒裝。

e.gNotonlyisshesmartbutalsosheis

beautiful.

Suchgreatprogressdidhemakethathe

waspraised.

SoheavyistheboxthatIcan'tcarryit.

Neitherhasheapencil,norhasheapen.

虛擬^氣中用倒裝替代例如：

(4)if0

HadItime(=IfIhadtime),Iwouldgoand

helpyou.

WereIyou(=IfIwereyou),Iwouldgo

abroad.

Shouldhecome(=Ifheshouldcome),tell

himtoringmeup.

⑸as作懸"盡管"B寺放句首，需將as彳爰的名黃I,

薪司,形容黃I,副黃1提前。注意，名官司提前日寺要

省略冠篇

Youngasheis,heknowsalot.

Childasheis,heknowsalot.

Objectasyoumay,Iwillgo.

完全倒裝

(1)there引出的完全倒裝句：

除了最常兄的therebe句型以外,there逮可以

接appear,exist,lie,remain,seemtobe,

stand等，壹般都譯成"有”的含義，構(gòu)成完全倒裝

句。

例如:Thereappearedtobeamaninblack

inthedistance.(逮處有值］穿黑色衣服的人。)

(2)in,out,down,up,ovecaway,offback,below

等副黃I作狀^置于句首日寺，謂^常用勤言司有

等不及物朝司

comezgozrush,

Upandupgotheprices.

Offwentthehorses.

DOMncamethehrmvnwaves!

練習(xí)：

1.bylongandhardpracticecanyou

hopetobecomeagoodpianist

A.OnlyB.UnlessC.IfdoingD.

While

2.Bynomeansyourthree-year-old

sona