大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷88（共215題）

大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷88（共9套）

（共215題）

大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第1套

一、詞匯理解（本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。）

Unlessmeasuresarctakenalonuc,llicicisapussibilil）dialalltheoceansuftheworld

willbedeadbythenextcentury.Howcanthispossiblyhappen?Wehavealreadyseen

thatpeople[Cl]allkindsofwasteproductstobethrownintotheseaItis

almost[C2]tomeasurehowmuchindustrialwasteendsupinouroceans,but

wecan[C3]howmuchoilispouredintothemaccordingtothelawandagainst

thelaw.Itisagainstthelawtopouroilintothesea[C4]totheshore,butwhen

ashipismanymilesouttotheseatherearenosuch[C5].Estimateofthe

amountofoilpouredinEuropeanWaters[C6]isabout200,000tonsevery

year.Somepeoplesaythe[C7]couldbetentimesashigharoundtheworld.It

isnotonlyour[C8]thatsufferfromoilpollution.Amongotherthings,many

fishnowcontainveryhighamountsof[C9]substances.Nexttimeyouhavefish

toeat,howcanyoubesurethattheyarefreefromoilpollution?Youcannotseethe

[CIO]andyoucannottastethem,either.Itisreallyquiteaproblem.Nearlyall

ofthecountriesaretryinghardtopreventandcontroloilpollution.Wehopethattheday

willsooncomewhenfishwillbefreefromoilpollution.A.limitationsB.seashoresC.

allowD.invadeE.closeF.poisonousG.afterwardsH.agendaI.editJ.figureK.

impossibleL.aloneM.effectsN.calculateO.extensive

1、[Cl]

標準答案：C

知識點解析：此處應為及物動詞充當謂諳成分。根據(jù)上下文的意思“人們各

種各樣的廢物被扔進大?！?，只有allow（允許）最合適。

2、[C2]

標準答案：K

知識點解析：此處應為形容詞，可與I。搭配，與is構成本句謂語。上一句提到的

扔進大海的廢物是allkinds,因此可推斷tomeasurehowmuch是很難或不可能的,

詞庫中只有impossible最合適。

3、[C3]

標準答案：N

知識點解析：此處應為動詞原形。根據(jù)but一詞表示的轉折關系，可以推斷空白處

的動詞應與前面分句中的measure一詞近義，因此答案為calculate。

4、[C4]

標準答案：E

知識點解析：此處應為形容詞，與iotheshore構成thesea的后置定語。根據(jù)本句

+but引出的轉折分句及其中的manymilesouttothesea,可以推斷空白處與其意

思相反，因此答案為close。

5、[C5]

標準答案：A

知識點解析：此處應為名詞。比較該分句與前一分句的內容，可以推斷空白處的單

詞應與前面分旬中的【helaw意思相近，因此limiladons為正確答案。

6、[C6]

標準答案：L

知識點解析：此處應為副詞。根據(jù)上下文，該副詞應涉及傾倒廢油的范圍，因此答

案為aloneo

7、[C7]

標準答案：J

知識點解析：此處應為名詞。聯(lián)系上一句提到歐洲水域石油的傾泄量及本句中的

luntimesashigharoundIlieworld,可以推斷figure最合適。

8、[C8]

標準答案：B

知識點解析：此處應為名詞。本句是對上一段的總結，起到承上啟下的作用。因此

seashores是本題答案。

9、[C9]

標準答案：F

知識點解析：此處應為形容詞。聯(lián)系下一句的oilpollulion,可以推斷該形容詞應

表示消極意義。因此答案為poisonous。

10、[CIO]

標準答案：M

知識點解析：此處應為名詞。上卜.文提到我們不能知道魚是否有毒，我們既無從知

道吃這種魚的后果，也不能去吃這種魚以確定它是否有毒，由此可見，effects最合

適。

Betterthinktwicebeforechoosingapasswordforemails,onlinebankaccountsand

airlinetickets.Passwordsthatshownoimaginationor[Cl]areeasy（捕獲物）

forinformationpirates（劫掠者），anewUSstudysays.A（n）[C2]analysisof

28,000passwordsrecentlystolenfromapopularUSwebsiteandpostedontheInternet

[C3]thatpeopleoftendotheeasything.Itfoundthat16percenttookafirst

nameasapassword,[C4]theirownoroneoftheirchildren's,accordingtothe

studypublishedbyInformationWeek.Another14percentreliedontheeasiestkeyboard

[C5]toremembersuchas"1234"or"12345678."ForthoseusingEnglish

keyboards,"QWERTY",waspopular.Likewise,"AZERTY"[C61withpeople

withEuropeankeyboards.Fivepercentofthestolenpasswordswerenamesoftelevision

showsorstarspopularwithyoungpeoplelike"hannah,"[C7]bysingerHannah

Montana."Pokemon,'*"Matrix,"and"Ironman"wereothers.Theword"password,"or

easytoguessvariationslike"passwordl,"accountedforfourpercent.Threepercentofthe

passwordsexpressed[C8]like"Idon'tcare,""Whatever,'1"Yes"or"No."There

were[C9]choices一"Iloveyou"一andtheiropposite一"Ihateyou."Robert

Graham,ofthecompanyErrataSecurity,whichdidtheanalysisandpublishedthe

conclusions,advisesthattobetterprotectagainstcyber[CIO]______:"choosea

passwordthatislongerthaneightcharacterswithonecapitalletterandonesymbol."A.

invasionB.criticalC.combinationsD.attitudesE.furnishedF.uniquenessG.revealsH.

scoredI.generallyJ.liberatesK.emotionalL.statisticalM.converselyN.principleO.

inspired

11、[Cl]

標準答案：F

知識點解析：此處應為名詞，與前面的imagination并列。此處的名詞應能與前面

的否定詞no構成容易被盜的密碼的特點，即“沒有相象力或不夠”，適合這個內容

的只有uniqueness一詞°

12、[C2]

標準答案：L

知識點解析：此處應為形容詞。根據(jù)該段和下面幾段提到的數(shù)據(jù)和數(shù)字，可以推斷

文中提到的研究主要是對數(shù)據(jù)做出“統(tǒng)計”分析，因比，此處應為statistical一詞。

13、[C3]

標準答案：G

知識點解析：此處應為動詞，在句中作謂語?？瞻滋幒蟮膖hat在句中引導賓語從

句，給出的動詞中只有reveal后面可跟賓語從句，且符合句意。

14、[C4]

標準答案：I

知識點解析：此處應為副詞。本題空白處及其后的Iheirownoroneoftheir

children飛是對前面firstname的補充說明，說明人們“通?！庇米约夯蚝⒆拥膄irst

name作為密碼，可見本題答案應為generally“通?！薄?/p>

15、[C5]

標準答案：C

知識點解析：此處應為名詞。本句句末的suchas…通過舉例說明人們喜歡用鍵盤

上簡單的數(shù)字“組合”作為密碼，在詞庫中，與該詞義最相近的是combinalions。

16、[C6]

標準答案：H

知識點解析：此處應為動詞。本題句子開頭的Likewise表明本句的內容與上句并

列，因此，此處填寫的動詞應表明歐洲人"喜歡'用AZERTY作為密碼。當score用

作不及物動詞時，與with搭配，后面跟sb.,表示“討好某人，使某人高興”，該

含義適合本句要求，因此，本題答案是scored。

17、[C7]

標準答案：O

知識點解析：空白處后的by表明此處應為動詞的過去分詞。本題空白處及其后的

內容是對前面hannah的補充說明，說明hannah的“來源”，因此，本題應選擇

inspired,表明hannah來源于歌星HannahMontana的名字。

18、[C8]

標準答案：D

知識點解析：此處應為名詞。本題所在的句子中提到的"1don'tcare”，

“Whatever”,“丫6丁。/諷0”表明的都是“態(tài)度”，因此，alliludes是最適合本題的選

擇。

19>[C9]

標準答案:K

知識點解析：此處應為形容詞。木段提到的love和hate都表“情感”，形容詞詞庫

中只有emotional適合。

20、[C10]

標準答案：A

知識點解析：此處應為名詞。本題所在的段落可視為全文的結論部分，前面的段落

提到的內容都是為了提醒我們選擇一個適當?shù)拿艽a以抵御網(wǎng)絡盜竊或網(wǎng)絡“入侵”，

因此，名詞詞庫中的invasion為本題答案。

大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第2套

一、詞匯理解(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)

Afterthreeyearsofpreciseanalysis,X-raysandinfra-red(紅夕卜線的)imaging,experts

claimtohaveuncoveredtheonlysurvivingportraitofWilliamShakespearepainted

duringhislife.Thecanvas(油畫)isthoughttohavebeenpaintedin1610—sixyears

beforetheplaywright'sdeath—whenhewasabout46yearsold.Forthreecenturiesthe

familywhokeptitwas[Cl]oftheidentityofthefigureintheportrait.

AccordingtoAlecCobbe,anartrestorer(做修復工作的人),atone[C2]it

hadbeenthoughttobeofSirWalterRaleigh.In2006,hevisitedtheNationalPortrait

GalleryandsawapaintingofShakespearethat[C3]intheFolger

ShakespeareLibrary,Washington.Ithadbeen[C4]asalifeportraitof

Shakespeare,butwasdenied70yearsago.Mr.Cobbesawthepaintingandrealizedthe

[C5]withthepaintinghehad[C6].Believinghispaintingtobe

the[C7],hecontactedProfessorStanleyWells,chairmanofThe

ShakespeareBirthplaceTrust,whowas[C8]skeptical(懷疑的).Prof.Wells

said,"Myfirstimpressionwasskepticism—Iamascholar.Butmy[C9]has

grownwiththeamountofevidenceaboutthepainting.Iamwillingtogo90percentof

thewaytodeclaringmyconfirmationthatthisistheonlylifetimeportraitof

Shakespeare.Itmarksa[CIO]developmentinthehistoryofShakespearian

portraiture."ThepaintingwasdisplayedfinallyattheShakespeareBirthplaceTrustin

Stratford-upon-AvononApril23,Shakespeare'sbirthday.A)acceptedF)inheritedK)

similaritiesB)envyG)initiallyL)standsC)excitementH)majorM)timeD)hangsI)

obtainedN)uliimaielyE)idealJ)originalO)unsure

1、(Cl]

標準答案：O

知識點解析：形容詞辨析題?？崭袂盀橄祫釉~was,后為介詞of,故應填入形容

詞。由空格后一句可知，這幅畫一度被認為是沃爾特.雷利爵士的畫像。因此，可

以推斷，3個世紀以來，收藏這幅畫的科比家族并不清楚畫上人物的身份。結合選

項可知，O)unsure“不確定的”符合句意，故為答案。

2、[C2]

標準答案：M

知識點解析：固定搭配題。分析句子結構可知，空格與atone搭配作狀語修飾整個

句子，應填入名詞。結合選項可知，固定搭配atonetime”曾經，一度”符合句意，

所以應選M)timeo

3、[C3]

標準答案：I)

知識點解析：動詞辨析題。分析句子結構可知，空格前tha【引導的定語從句修飾a

paintingofShakespeare,且that在從句中作主語，故空格處應是謂語動詞。該句表

明，阿力克.科比看到一幅于華盛頓的福爾杰.莎士比亞圖書館的莎士比亞

畫像。結合選項可知，D)hangs"把……掛在墻上”符合句意。由于這幅畫像懸拒于

華盛頓的福爾杰.莎士比亞圖書館是客觀事實，故使用hang的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。

4、[C4]

標準答案：A

知識點解析：動詞辨析題。分析句子結構可知，空格前是hadbeen,空格處應為動

詞的過去分詞形式。由句意判斷，這幅畫曾被是莎翁的生活畫像，但這種

說法早在70年前就被否定了。前后存在轉折關系，結合選項可知。A)accepted”接

受''符合句意，故為答案。

5、[C5]

標準答案：K

知識點解析：名詞辨析題?？崭袂盀槎ü谠~the,空格處應為名詞。本句兩次出現(xiàn)

thepainting,第一次指懸掛于華盛頓的福爾杰.莎士比亞圖書館的莎士比亞畫像，第

二次指科比木人擁有的畫像V因為科比擁有的畫像在首段就被確定為莎士比亞的畫

像，所以當科比看到圖書館的畫像時，稍經對比就意識到該畫像和自己的那幅有相

似之處，所以應填入K)similarities。

6、[C6]

標準答案：F

知識點解析：動詞辨析題。分析句子結構可知，空格與had構成過去完成時，故空

格處應為動詞的過去分詞形式?？崭袼诘亩ㄕZ從句修飾第二個thepainting。由上

文可知，這幅畫是科比家族3個世紀以來的珍藏，因此可以判斷，這幅畫是一代一

代傳下來，傳到了科比手里，所以應填入"inherited“繼承

7、[C7]

標準答案：J

知識點解析：語義推斷題。分析句子結構可知，believesth.tobe...可搭配形

容詞作表語，或者直接跟名詞。由于空格前有定冠詞the,所以空格處應為名詞，

并且空格所在的短語為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作原因狀語。由句意可知?？票认嘈抛约旱漠?/p>

像是________,所以他聯(lián)系斯坦利.韋爾斯教授一辨真?zhèn)巍＝Y合選項可知，

J)original“原作，原稿”符合句意，故為答案。

8、[C8]

標準答案：G

知識點解析?：副詞學析題。分析句子結構可知，空格所在的定語從句主干結構完

整，故空格處應為副詞，修飾skeptical。由空格后的“Myfirstimpressionwas

skepticism”可以推斷，韋爾斯教授一開始對這幅畫持懷疑態(tài)度，所以應填入

G）initially“起初”。

9、[C9]

標準答案：C

知識點解析：名詞辨析題。分析句子結構可知，空格所在句缺少主語中心詞，故空

格處應為名詞。根據(jù)文義推斷，雖然韋爾斯教授起初持懷疑態(tài)度，但隨著證明這幅

畫的證據(jù)越來越多，他的________也與日俱增。結合選項來看，C）excitement“激

動，興奮''符合句意，故為答案。

10、[C10]

標準答案：H

知識點解析：形容詞辨析題?？崭袂盀椴欢ü谠~，其后為名詞，空格處應為形容

詞。由于韋爾斯教授有90%的把握確定這是莎士比亞在世時繪制的唯幅畫

像，因此他認為這幅畫標志著莎士比亞肖像畫研究史上的進展。結合選項

可知，H）major“重大的”符合句意，故為答案。

二、長篇閱讀（本題共/0題，每題1.0分，共10分。）

Housingofficialssaythatlatelytheyarenoticingsomethingdifferent:Studentsseemto

lackthewill,andskill,toaddresstheseordinaryconflicts."Wehavestudentswhoare

madateachotherandtheytexteachotherinthesameroom,"saysateacher."Somany

ofourroommateconflictsarebecausekidsdon'tknowhowtonegotiateaproblem."And

asanypoppsychologistwilltellyou,bottledemotionsleadtosilentseething（不滿）that

canboiloverintofrustrationandanger.AttheUniversityofFlorida,emotionaloutbursts

occuraboutonceaweek,theuniversity'sdirectorofhousingandresidenceeducation

says.*'Itusedtobe:'Let'ssitdownandtalkaboutit,“'hesays."Overthepastfiveyears,

roommateconflictshaveintensified.Thestudentsdon'thavetheperson-to-person

discussionsandtheydon'tknowhowtohandlethem."Theproblemismostdramatic

amongfreshmen;housingprofessionalssaytheyseeimprovementasstudentsmove

towardgraduation,butsomeneverseemtocatchon,andtheyworryabouthowsuch

studentswilldealwithconflictsaftercollege.Administratorsspeculatethatrelianceon

cellphonesandtheInternetmayhavemadeiteasierforyoungpeopletoavoid

uncomfortableencounters.Whyexpressangerinpersonwhenyoucanventinatext?

Facebookcreatesevenmorefrictionascomplaintsgopublic."Thingsarepostedon

someone'swallonFacebook:'Oh,myroommatekeptmeupallnightstudying,M,says

DanaPysz,anassistantdirectorintheofficeofresidentiallifeattheUniversityof

California,LosAngeles."It'sadifferentwaytoexpresstheirconflicttoeachother.'*In

recentfocusgroupsatNorthCarolinaStateUniversity,dormresidentssaidtheywould

notevenconfrontnoisyneighborsontheirfloor.Administratorspointtoparentswho

havefixedtheirchildren'sproblemsintheirentirelives.Nowincollege,thechildrenlack

theskillstoattendtoevenmodestconflicts.Someparentscontinuetointerveneon

campus.

11Whatisthemainreasonformanyroommateconflicts?

A、Studentsarealwaysmadateachother.

B、Studentstexteachotherinthesameroom.

C^Studentsarenotgoodatnegotiating.

D、Housingdirectorsareresponsiblelorthem.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：由題干中的roommateconflicts定位到第一段最后一句。細節(jié)辨認

題。由定位句可知，室友之間發(fā)生沖突是因為孩子們不知道如何通過協(xié)商來解決問

題，故正確答案為C）。

12、Whatdowclearnfromthesecondparagraph?

A、Studentsshouldbottleuptheirdissatisfaction.

StudentsinFloridasitdownandtalkonceaweek.

C>Freshmenusuallyhandleconflictswell.

D、Notallstudentsareabletohandleconflictsbythelimetheygraduate.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：由題干定位到第二段。推理判斷題。第二段末句提到，這些問題在新

生中最為嚴重，隨著學生們畢業(yè)，慢慢得到改善。但是有些學生似乎從未改變。由

前文可知，“這些問題”指的就是處理沖突的問題。并不是所有學生在畢業(yè)時都能學

會如何處理沖突，故正確答案為D）。

13、Accordingtothepassage,wecanseethatcellphonesandtheInternet.

A、makeourlifemoreconvenient

B、makeperson-to-personcommunicationeasier

C、makeiteasiertotakefrustrationout

D、enablestudentstoavoiduncomfortablemeetings

標準答案：D

知識點解析：由題干中的cellphonesandtheInternet定位到第三段第一句。細節(jié)辨

認題.由定位句可知,學生對手機和網(wǎng)絡的依賴使他們更容易避開那些令人不舒服

的會面，故正確答案為D）。

14、Whatshouldparentsdoaccordingtothepassage?

A、Theyshoulddealwiththeirchildren'sproblemsintheirwholelives.

B、Theyshouldleavetheirchildrenalonetotackleanyconflicts.

C、Theyshouldinterveneintheirchildren'slifeoncampus.

D、Theyshouldteachtheirchildrentheskillstosettleconflicts.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：由題干中的parents定位到最后一段。推理判斷題。由定位段可知，

父母習慣為孩子包辦一切，甚至讓孩子無法獨自應付普通的沖突。即孩子們本身沒

有掌握相關的技巧，而這正是父母需要教給孩子們的，故正確答案為D）。

15^Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A、Students'UnhappyLifeinCollege

B、Students'FailuretoDealWithConflicts

C>Parents'InterventioninChildren'sLife

D^Teachers'ConcernAboutStudents

標準答案：B

知識點解析：由題干中的thebesttitleforthepassage定位到整篇文章。主旨大意

題。由整篇文章的內容可以看出，作者關注的焦點是學生們不善于解決沖突這一問

題,故B）為正確答案。

ShareholdersarewarningLloydsBankingGroupthattheyhaveresidualconcernabout

bonusesof￡4milliunawardedtoexecutivesforlastyear,despiteassurancesfiuinthe

bankthatitwillreviewitsproceduresfordeterminingpayouts.Theinvestorsarebeing

urgedtotake"carefulconsideredjudgment"beforebackingthepaypoliciesatthebank

attheannualmeetingwhenvotingontheremuneration（報酬）report.TheAssociationof

BritishInsurers（ABI）,whosemembersincludethebiginsurancecompanyinvestorsin

thestockmarket,hasissuedan"ambertop"alertontheremunerationreport—an

indicationthattheABIseespotentialproblemswiththeapproachtopayandcorporate

governancethatrequirecloseanalysis.Thebank,41%ownedbythetaxpayer,has

attemptedtodefuseapotentialrowwithinvestorsoverthebonuseshandedtoits

boardroombyannouncingtheresignationofthechairmanoftheremuneration

committee,WolfgangBerndt.Heleftafterpressurefromthegovernmentoverconcerns

hehadawardeda￡2.3millionbonustochiefexecutiveEricDaniels.UKFinancial

Investments,thebodywhichlooksafterthetaxpayers'stakeinBritain'sstate-supported

banks,playedakeyroleinBerndt'sdeparturebutrefusedtocommentonhowitvoteon

theremunerationreport.Danielsturnedthebonusdown,butfourboardroomcolleagues

acceptedacombined￡4millioninbonusesinayearinwhichthebankreportedlosses.

PeterMontagnon,directorofinvestmentaffairsattheABI,said,"Thereissomeresidual

concernamongsomeshareholdersinthewaytheremunerationcommitteemadeits

decisiononbonuses.Wenotethatthereisanewremunerationcommitteechairman,and

acommitmenttomaintainclosedialogue,whichispositive.1'Lloydssaidthatinaddition

totougheninguptheperformancetargetsfornewbonuses,itwouldtakeextracarewhen

awardingbonusesattheendofthisyear.11Followingshareholderrepresentation,the

remunerationcommitteewillreviewperformanceagainsttargetsfortheannualincentive

（鼓勵）planinlightoftheoveralloperatingperformance.Itwillexerciseitsdiscretionto

reduceawardsifitisthoughttobeappropriate,"thebanksaid.

16、Whatdoshareholdersfeelafterthebankmakescertainassurances?

ANTheycompletelytrustthebank'spromise.

B、Theystillhavedoubtsaboutthebonuses.

C^Theyholdanoptimisticattitudetowardsthebank.

D^Theythoroughlyignorethebank'sefforts.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：由題干中的shareholders和assurances定位到第一段。細節(jié)辨認題。

由定位段可知，盡管銀行方面做出相關保證，但股東們對于去年獎勵給主管們400

萬英鎊紅利這一事件仍然感到焦慮，故正確答案為B）。

17、Whatdoweknowaboutthe"ambertop"alertby（heAssociationofBritish

Insurers?

A^Itisathreattobiginsurancecompanyinvestors.

BNItindicateshowconfusingthestockmarketis.

C、Itimpliesthatpossibleissuesexistinpaymentandmanagement.

D、Itpointsouttheresponsibilitythegovernmentshouldtake.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：由題干中的"ambertop^alert和theAssociationofBritishInsurers定位

到第三段。細節(jié)辨認題。由定位段可知，英國保險協(xié)會己發(fā)出警示，這表明其看到

了付薪方式以及公司管理體制存在的潛在問題。故正確答案為C）o

18、UKFinancialInvestmentsisaninstitutethat.

A^supportedthebankontheremunerationreport

B、caredforthebenefitsoftaxpayerscompletely

C、playedadominantroleinBritain'sstate-supportedbanks

D^madenocommentonitsvotingtheremunerationreport

標準答案：D

知識點解析：由題干中的UKFinancialInvestments定位到第四段最后一句。細節(jié)辨

認題。由定位句可知，英國金融投資公司管理英國國有銀行納稅人的股份，但它拒

絕就如何對薪酬報告進行投票發(fā)表評論，故正確答案為D）。

19、WhatisPeterMontagnon^attitudetowardsthecommittee'swayofdeciding

bonuses?

A、Critical.

B、Objective.

C^Pessimistic.

D^Dissatisfied.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：由題干中的PeterMomagnon定位到第五段第二、三句。觀點態(tài)度

題。由定位句可知，彼得.蒙塔尼翁指出，薪酬委員會就紅利問題做出決定的方式

仍使部分股東擔心。同時，他表示新任命一位薪酬委員會主席并承諾保持密切對話

是積極的表現(xiàn)。由此可知，他對此次事件持客觀的態(tài)度，故正確答案為B）。

20、WhatcanweseeaccordingtoLloyds?

A、Newbonusesshouldbelimitedbybanksfromnowon.

B、Shareholdersshouldsetpropertargetstoinvestmoney.

C>Theremunerationcommitteeshouldnottaketheresponsibility.

D、Awardscouldbereducedinanappropriateway.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：由題干中的Lloyds定位到第六段。推理判斷題。由定位段可知，如

果恰當?shù)脑?，勞埃德將酌情減少獎勵，D）的表述符合原文，故正確答案為D）。

三、仔細閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)

GratefulPeopleAreHappierandHealthierA)Itturnsoutthatgivingthanksisgoodfor

yourhealth.Agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatmaintaininganattitudeofgratitude

canimprovepsychological,emotionalandphysicalwell-being.B)Adultswhofrequently

feelgratefulhavemoreenergy,moreoptimism,moresocialconnectionsandmore

happinessthanthosewhodonot,accordingtostudiesconductedoverthepastdecade.

They'realsolesslikelytobedepressed,envious,greedyoralcoholics.Theycammore

money,sleepmoresoundly,exercisemoreregularlyandhavegreaterresistancetoviral

infections.C)Now,researchersarefindingthatgratitudebringssimilaibenefitsin

childrenandadolescents.Kidswhofeelgratefulandactthankfullytendtobeless

materialistic,getbettergrades,sethighergoals,complainoffewerheadachesand

stomachachesandfeelmoresatisfiedwiththeirfriends,familiesandschoolsthanthose

whodon't,studiesshow.D)"Alotofthesefindingsarethingswelearnedinkindergarten

orourgrandmotherstoldus,butwcnowhavescientificevidencetoprovethem,"says

JeffreyJ.Froh,anassistantprofessorofpsychologyatHofstraUniversityinHempstead,

NewYork,whohasconductedmuchoftheresearchwithchildren."Thekeyisnotto

leaveitontheThanksgivingtable/'saysRobertEmmons,aprofessorofpsychologyat

theUniversityofCalifornia-Davisandapioneeringratituderesearch.And,henotes,

"withtherealizationthatonehasbenefitedcomestheawarenessoftheneedto

reciprocate(報答)."E)It'spossible,ofcourse,tooverdoexpressionsofgratitude,

particularlyifyoutrytoshowitwithagift."Thankingsomeoneinsuchawaythatis

disproportionatetotherelationship-say,astudentgivingherteacheraniPod一will

createresentment,angerandasenseofobligation,"saysDr.Froh.F)Gratitudecanalso

bemisusedtoexertcontroloverthereceiverandenforceloyalty.Dr.Frohsaysyoucan

avoidthisbybeingempathic(有同感的)towardthepersonyouarcthanking—andby

honestlyassessingyourmotivations.G)InanupcomingpaperintheJournalof

HappinessStudies,Dr.Frohandcolleaguessurveyed1035high-schoolstudentsand

foundthatthemostgratefulhadmorefriendsandhigherGPAs(GrandPointAverage),

whilethemostmaferialis;tichadlowergrades,higherlevelsofenvyandlesssatisfaciion

withlife."Oneofthebestcuresformaterialismistomakesomebodygratefulforwhat

theyhave,"saysDr.Froh.H)Muchoftheresearchongratitudehaslookedat

associations,notcause-and-effectrelationships;it'spossiblethatpeoplewhoarehappy,

healthyandsuccessfulsimplyhavemoretobegratefulfor.Butinalandmarkstudyin

theJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,Dr.EmmonsoftheUniversityof

MiamiandpsychologistMichaelMcCulloughshowedthatcountingblessingscan

actuallymakepeoplefeelbetter.I)Assimpleasitsounds,gratitudeisactuallya

demanding,complexemotionthatrequires"self-reflection,theabilitytoadmitthatoneis

dependentuponthehelpofothers,andthehumilitytorealizeone'sownlimitations,"Dr.

Emmonssays.J)Beinggratefulalsoforcespeopletoovercomewhatpsychologistscall

the"negativitybias"—theinnatetendencytodwellonproblems,annoyancesand

injusticesratherthanupbeatevents.Focusingonblessingscanhelpwardoffdepression

andbuildadaptabilityintimesofstress,griefordisasters,accordingtostudiesofpeople

impactedbytheSept.11terrorattacksandHurricaneKatrina.K)Canpeoplelearnto

lookonthebrightside,wantwhattheyhaveandbegratefulforit?Expertsbelievethat

about50%ofsuchtemperamentisgenetic,buttherestcomesfromexperience,sothere's

sufficientopportunityforchange."Kidsandadultsbothcanchoosehowtheyfedand

howtheylookattheworld,'1saysAndrewGreene,principalofCandlewoodMiddle

School,whosaysthatrealizationwasoneofthelastinglegaciesofDr.Froh'sresearch

there.L)Forolderchildrenandadults,onesimplewaytocultivategratitudeistoliterally

countyourblessings.Keepajournalandregularlyrecordwhateveryouaregratefulfor

thatday.Bespecific.Listing"myfriends,myschoolmydog"dayafterdaymeansthat

"gratitudefatigue"hassetin,Dr.Frohsays.Writing"mydoglickedmyfacewhenIwas

sad“keepsitfresher.SomepeopledothisontheirFacebookorMySpacepages,orinone

ofdozensofonlinegratitudegroups.There'saniPodapplicationforgratitudejournaling,

too.Therealbenefitcomesinchanginghowyouexperiencetheworld.Looktorthingsto

begratefulfor,andyou'llstartseeingthemeverywhere.M)Deliveringyourthanksin

personcanbeparticularlypowerful.Onestudyfoundthatfburth-graderswhotooka

"gratitudevisit"feltbetteraboutthemselveseventwomonthslater-particularlythose

whosemoodswerepreviouslylow.N)Adoptingamoreupbeatmindsethelpsfacilitate

gratitude,too.Insteadofbondingwithfriendsovercomplaints,trysharingwhatyou're

gratefulfor.Toavoidsoundingboastful,fbcusongivingcredittootherpeople,asin,

"Mymomtookawholedayofffromworktogettom>game."O)Studiesshowthat

usingnegative,derogatory(貶義的)words-evenasyoutalktoyourself-candarken

yourmoodaswell.Fillyourheadwithpositivethoughts,expressthanksand

encouragementaloudandlookforsomethingtobegratefulfor,notcriticize,inthose

aroundyou,especiallylovedones.NewYorkpsychiatristDrewRamseysaysthat'san

essentialtoolforsurvivingtheholidays."Givingthanksfbrthemhelpsyoudealwiththe

crazinessthatispartofeveryfamily,"hesays.P)Last,ifyoufindyoutaketoomuchfor

granted,trythe"It'saWonderfulLife"approach;imaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithout

amajorblessing,likeaspouse,achild,ajoborafriend.

21、AccordingtoDr.Froh,ifastudentgivesherteacheraniPod,thestudentmay

overdotheexpressionofgratitude.

標準答案：E

知識點解析：由題干中的Dr.Froh>aniPod和gradtude定位到E)段。細節(jié)歸納

題。由定位段可知，感恩也要講究度，尤具是饋贈禮物時要考慮到人們之間的關

系，否則就會造成負面影響。本段首先說明觀點，即感恩也會過度，隨后用孩子送

老師iPod的事例說明這一觀點，題干是對定位段內容的概括歸納，故答案為E)。

22、Dr.EmmonsandMichaelMcCullough'sstudyshowedthatitmakespeoplefeel

bettertocountblessings.

標準答案：H

知識點解析：由題干中的Dr.EmmonsandMichaelMcCullough'sstudy定位到H)

段末句。同義轉述題。由定位句可知，兩人的研究結論是知足讓人感覺更好。題干

是對定位句的同義轉述，故答案為H)。

23、Forolderchildrenandadults,inordertodeveloptheirawarenessofgratitude,they

shouldliterallycountblessings.

標準答案：L

知識點解析：由題干中的Forolderchildrenandadults定位到L）段首句。同義轉述

題。定位句提到，對于年紀稍大的兒童和成年人來說，培養(yǎng)感恩的一個簡單方式就

是要知足。題干中的develop是對定位句中cultivate的同義轉述，故L）為本題答

案。

24、Childrenwhooftenfeelgratefulperformbetterinschoolsandaremorecontentwith

theirfamilies.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：由題干中的whooftenfeelgrateful定位到C）段第二句。細節(jié)歸納題。

由定位句可知，充滿感激之情并做出感恩之舉的孩子物質主義思想更輕微，成績更

好。目標更遠大，抱怨頭疼和胃疼的次數(shù)更少，而且對朋友、家人和學校也更滿

意。題干是對定位句的概括總結，故答案為C）。

25、Fillingyourheadwithpositivethoughtsisawaytopreventyourmoodfrombeing

darkened.

標準答案：0

知識點解析：由題干中的yourhead和positivethoughts定位到0）段第一、二句。

細節(jié)歸納題。定位段第一句提到，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用負面、貶義的語言，即使是對自

己說。也會使你的心情變糟。第二句則提到了防止心情變糟的方法：在你的頭腦里

裝滿積極的思想，大聲表達你的感謝和鼓勵，尋找可以對你周圍的人感恩，而不是

批評的事情，尤其是你愛的人。題干是對定位句的概括歸納，故0）為本題答案。

26、Peoplewithanattitudeofgratitudearemorelikelytobementallyandphysically

healthy.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：由題干中的altiludeofgratitude定位到A）段第二句。同義轉述題。由

定位句可知，保持感恩的心態(tài)有利于改善心理、情感和身體健康，即有利于人們的

身心發(fā)展。題干中的mentallyandphysicallyhealthy是對定位句中psychological,

emotionalandphysicalwell-being的問義轉述，故答案為A）。

27、Anotherwaytodevelopgratitudeissharingwhatyou'regratefi.ilforratherthan

complainingtoyourfriends.

標準答案：N-

知識點解析：由題干中的sharing和friends定位到N）段第一、二句。細節(jié)歸納題。

定位句介紹培養(yǎng)感恩的一種方法，即保持樂觀的心態(tài)。與朋友分享感恩的事，而不

是向朋友抱怨討厭的事。題干是對定位句的概括歸納，故N）為本題答案。

28>Feelinggratefulforwhatonealreadyhasisoneofthebestcuresformaterialism.

標準答案：G

知識點解析：由題干中的oneofthebestcuresformaterialism定位至UG）段末句。同

義轉述題。定位句提到，應對物質主義思想的最佳方法之一是讓人們對已擁有的東

西感恩。題干中的Feelinggrateful是對定位句中makesomebodygrateful的同義轉

述，故答案為G）o

29、Peoplecanlearntobegratefulbecausenotalloftheircharacterqualitiesare

inherited.

標準答案：K

知識點解析：由題干中的learntobegrateful定位到K）段第一、二句。細節(jié)歸納

題。由定位句可知，專家們認為人的性格特征是可以改變的，因為人的性情約有一

半來自遺傳，其余則來自個人經歷。題干是對定位句的概括歸納，故答案為K）。

30、Inordertoavoidmisusinggratitude,you'dbetterhaveanhonestthoughtaboutyour

motivations.

標準答案；r

知識點解析：由題干中的avoidmisusinggratitude和motivations定位到F）段。細節(jié)

歸納題。本段主要講述避免濫用感恩的兩種方法：一是為你要表達感恩的人考慮，

二是端正感恩的動機。題干是對定位段的概括總結，故答案為F）。

大學英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第3套

一、長篇閱讀（本題共30題，每題7.0分，共30分。）

IdentityTheftA）Identitytheftandidentityfraudaretermsusedtoreferloalltypesof

crimeinwhichsomeonewrongfullyobtainsandusesanotherperson'spersonaldatain

somewaythatinvolvesfraudordeception,typicallyforeconomicgain.B）Thenumbers

associatedwithidentitytheftarebeginningtoaddupfastthesedays.ArecentGeneral

AccountingOfficereportestimatesthatasmanyas75CL000Americansarevictimsof

identitythefteveryyear.Andthatnumbermaybelow.asmanypeoplechoosenotto

reportthecrimeeveniftheyknowtheyhavebeenvictimized.C）Identitytheftis"an

absoluteepidemic”,statesRobertEllisSmith,a