Unit 4 Adversity and Courage and Expressions 課件-【知識(shí)精研】高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊

(wordsandexpressions)Unit4

AdversityandCourageadversity/?d?v??s?ti/n.困境;逆境逆境出人才。

Adversitymakesamanwise.只有遇到真正的逆境，我們才知道自己是誰。

Wedon’tknowwhoweareuntilwehavefacedrealadversity.adverseadj.不利的，有害的，敵對的dilemman.左右兩難的窘境;困境inadversity在困境/逆境中bitter/?b?t?(r)/adj.嚴(yán)寒的;激烈而不愉快的;味苦的bittercold嚴(yán)寒bitterlyadv.痛苦地；憤恨地；極其bitternessn.苦味；悲苦；痛苦souradj.酸的；sweetadj.甜的；spicyadj.辣的輸了比賽對這個(gè)隊(duì)來說是一件傷心失望的事。Losingthematchwasabitterdisappointmentfortheteam.

expedition/?eksp??d??n/n.探險(xiǎn);遠(yuǎn)征;探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)expeditev.加快；加速endurance/?n?dj??r?ns/n.忍耐力;耐久力endurev.忍耐；持續(xù)endurableadj.能忍耐的；可忍受的unendurableadj.無法忍受的beyondendurance忍無可忍他無法忍受失敗。Hecan’tendurebeingdefeated.在此比賽開始前他們只得忍受長時(shí)間的等待。Theyhadendurealongwaitbeforetheracebegan.vigour/?v?ɡ?(r)/n.精力;力量;活力vigorousadj.充滿活力的；精力充沛的近：energyn.精力;力量;活力;能源befullofenergy/vigour精力充沛定期鍛煉可以使我們精力充沛。Regularexercisecanhelpusbe

fullofenergy/vigour

.turnsb.down拒絕(某人)與“turn”有關(guān)的短語turnto求助于;致力于;翻到;轉(zhuǎn)向(to是介詞)turnout(tobe)+n./adj.結(jié)果是……turnin

上交;交還turnup開大;調(diào)大;出現(xiàn)近：reject/refuse/decline

【即學(xué)即練】1)Tomhadto

theinvitationtothe

partylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.2)Don'tworry.I'msureyourmissingglasseswill

soonerorlater.3)Hurryup,boysandgirls!I'mwaitingforyouto

yourhomework.4)Thenewsisbeingbroadcast.Couldyou

theTV?5)Sometimesthingsdon’t

thewaywethinktheyaregoingto.turndownturnupturninturnonturnoutqualified/?kw?l?fa?d/adj.符合資格;具備…的知識(shí)(技能/學(xué)歷等)qualifyvt.使具備...的資格qualificationn.資格，學(xué)歷，資歷bequalifiedfor...有…的資格bequalifiedtodosth.有資格做某事他有資格當(dāng)英語課代表HeisqualifiedforEnglishrepresentative.【單句語法填空】1)Thereisnodoubtthathehasqualifications________(do)thework.2)He’sbeeninformedthathedoesn’tqualify________thescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.3)JusttellMikewhoeverhasagoodknowledgeofphysicsandhistoryis____________(qualify)fortheposition.4)Thereisnodoubtthathehas____________(qualify)todothework.5)Thetestwillqualifyyou__(drive)the

newcar.todoforqualifiedqualificationtodriveenthusiastic/?n?θju?zi??st?k/adj.熱情的;熱心的enthusiasticallyadv.熱情地enthusiasmn.熱情，熱忱enthusiastn.熱心者；愛好者beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth.對做某事感興趣/熱情的她對研究中國的發(fā)展感興趣。SheisenthusiasticaboutstudyingthedevelopmentofChina.【即學(xué)即練】1)I

amlessenthusiastic

theideaof

attendingtheexpert'slectureonSunday.2)AlthoughRosemaryhadsufferedfromaserious

illnessforyears,shelostnoneofher

(enthusiastic)forlife.3)Муdaughter

doingthe

voluntarywork,soshesignedupstraightaway.我女兒對做志愿工作很熱心,所以她馬上報(bào)名。aboutenthusiasmwasenthusiasticaboutaboard/??b??d/adv.&prep.上(船、飛機(jī)、公共汽車等)beaboardtheplane/ship在飛機(jī)/船上goabroad出國athomeandabroad國內(nèi)外形近：abroad[??br??d]adv.到國外;去國外;在國外assign/??sa?n/vt.分派;布置;分配assignmentn.工作，任務(wù)，作業(yè)assignsb.as+職務(wù).指派某人擔(dān)任某職務(wù)assignsb.todosth指派某人做某事老師給每個(gè)孩子布置的作業(yè)都不相同。Theteacherassignedadifferenttasktoeachkids.【即學(xué)即練】1)Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthat

(assign),butIdidn'tenjoythistype

ofreading.2)Myteacherassignedme

(write)anessayaboutthereformandopening-up

policyofChina.3)IlookedatitonlinewhenIwasworkingonthis____(assign).4)Theteacherhas

duringtheholiday.

老師給我們每個(gè)人都分配了假期的任務(wù)。

wasassignedtowriteassignmentassignedeachofusataskenvy/?envi/n.&vt.羨慕;妒忌envysb.(doing)sth.羨慕某人（做）某事beenviousof羨慕，嫉妒enviousadj.嫉妒的;羨慕的他們出于忌妒才說你這些壞話。Theysaysuchunkindthingsaboutyououtofenvy.他一直嫉妒我的成功。Hehasalwaysenviedmysuccess.crush/kr??/vt.毀壞;壓壞;壓碎n.擁擠的人群形近：crash[kr??]v./n.墜毀;猛撞;碰撞get/becrushedby被……擠壓haveacrushonsb.迷戀某人我對她愛慕至極。Ihaveahugecrushonher.abandon/??b?nd?n/vt.舍棄;拋棄;放棄近：desert/giveupabandonedadj.被遺棄的；放縱的；廢棄的abandonmentn.離棄；遺棄abandononeselfto(doing)sth陷入/沉湎于……abandondoingsth.放棄做某事研究表明，老人十分害怕被丟棄給陌生人照管。Thestudyshowedadeepfearamongtheelderlyofbeingabandonedtothecareofstrangers.

【即學(xué)即練】1)MrJohnsonlived

inthewoodswithhiswife

andchildren.Heowned

afarm,whichlooked

almost

(abandon).2)Playingcomputergamesisharmfultoyourhealth.Don'tabandonyourself

thiskindofpleasure.3)Badcustomsandlawsought

to

,sincetheyareinappropriateforthe

developmentofthesociety.4)People

were

shoutingandcheering

abandonafterthematch.5)Weabandoned

(carry)

outtheplanforlackofmoney.6)Thosewho

can’tsucceed.那些沉溺于電子游戲無法自拔的人不會(huì)成功。

abandonedtobeabandonedwithcarryingabandonthemselvestocomputergamesbelongings/b??l????z/n.[pl.]財(cái)物;動(dòng)產(chǎn)belongvi.應(yīng)在；適應(yīng)personalbelongings個(gè)人物品[常用復(fù)數(shù)]asenseofbelonging歸屬感belongtosb.屬于某人（注：belongto不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)）這本書是屬于他的。Thebookbelongstohim.miserable/?m?zr?bl/adj.痛苦的;令人難受的miserablyadv.痛苦地;悲慘地miseryn.痛苦；悲慘amiserablecoldday令人難受的寒冷天氣這部話劇是個(gè)可悲的失敗。Theplaywasamiserablefailure.cosy/?k??zi/adj.溫馨的;舒適的（cozy）cosilyadv.舒適地（cozily）cosinessn.舒適；安逸（coziness）selfish/?self??/adj.自私的

selflessadj.無私的selfishnessn.自私selflessnessn.無私Itisselfishofsb.todosth.某人做某事是自私的他把所有的工作都推給你，真是自私。Itwasselfishofhimtoleavealltheworktoyou.genuine/?d?enju?n/adj.真正的;真誠的;可信賴的genuinelyadv.真誠地近：sincerely/honestlyagenuineperson誠實(shí)可信的人genuineconcernforothers對他人真誠的關(guān)心perseverance/?p??s??v??r?ns/n.毅力;韌性;不屈不撓的精神perseverevi.堅(jiān)持；孜孜以求perseverantadj.鍥而不舍的persevereindoingsth.堅(jiān)持做某事決心、信心和毅力是成功的三大主要因素。Determination,confidenceandperseverancearethethreemainfactorsforsuccess.他孜孜不倦地學(xué)習(xí)小提琴。Heperseveredinlearningviolin.resolve/r??z?lv/vi.&vt.決定;決心;解決(問題或困難)n.決心;堅(jiān)定的信念resolutionn.決議；解決；堅(jiān)定表“解決”：solve,settle,workout,figureoutresolvetodosth.決定做某事resolveondoingsth決定做某事makearesolutiontodosth.決定做某事他決定不告訴她真相。Heresolvednottotellherthetruth.cruel/?kru??l/adj.殘酷的;殘忍的;冷酷的crueltyn.殘忍，殘酷，不公cruellyadv.殘酷地Itiscrueltodosth.做某事是殘酷的becrueltosb/sth對某人/物殘忍的我無法忍受虐待動(dòng)物的人。Ican’tstandpeoplewhoarecrueltoanimals.thorough/?θ?r?/adj.深入的;徹底的;細(xì)致的thoroughlyadv.徹底地;完全地thoroughnessn.徹底性；完全athoroughknowledgeof…對……了解透徹那份報(bào)告全面深入，給我留下了深刻的印象。Iwasimpressedbythethoroughnessofthereport.furniture/?f??n?t??(r)/n.家具（un.）furnishvt.為……配備家具；提供furnishedadj.配備家具的befurnished/equippedwith…配備有……這個(gè)房間擺放了古董。Theroomwasfurnishedwithantiques.Tom向他提供了與案件有關(guān)的事實(shí)。Tomfurnishedhimwiththefactsaboutthecase.unfortunately

/?n?f??t??n?tli/adv.不幸地;遺憾地fortunately/?f??t??n?tli/adv.幸運(yùn)地fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的fortunen.財(cái)富；運(yùn)氣misfortunen.厄運(yùn)；不幸beunfortunate/fortunatetodosth.做某事很幸運(yùn)/不幸makeafortune發(fā)財(cái)tryone'sfortune碰運(yùn)氣【即學(xué)即練】1)

(unfortunate),thetravellersranintoasnowstormalongtheway.2)Iwas

late,but

(fortune)the

meetinghadn'tstarted.3)Shewasfortunate

(find)

ararebook

sheneededinthebookshop.4)________________,hemadeabig_________onhiswaytowest.UnfortunatelyfortunatelytofindUnfortunatelyfortunedamp/d?mp/adj.潮濕的;濕氣重的dampnessn.潮濕dampenv.弄濕recreation/?rekri?e??n/n.娛樂;消遣;游戲recreationaladj.娛樂的；消遣的近：amusement/entertainmentguidance/?ɡa?dns/n.指導(dǎo);引導(dǎo);導(dǎo)航guidevt.指導(dǎo),影響n.旅游指南；導(dǎo)游underone’sguidance=undertheguidanceof在...的指導(dǎo)下guidanceonsth關(guān)于……的指導(dǎo)在老師的指導(dǎo)下他的英語取得了巨大的進(jìn)步HemadegreatprogressinEnglishundertheguidanceofhisteacher.advertising/??dv?ta?z??/n.廣告活動(dòng);廣告業(yè)advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告advertisern.廣告商，廣告公司advertisementn.廣告advertisefor...為征求...而登廣告我們學(xué)校正在網(wǎng)上等廣告要招聘一名英語老師。OurschoolisadvertisingforanEnglishteacheronline.rough/r?f/adj.洶涌的;粗糙的;粗略的roughlyadv.大約;粗暴地roughnessn.粗糙；凹凸不平形近：tough[t?f]adj.艱難的/棘手的navigatev.導(dǎo)航；確定（船、汽車等）的位置navigation[?n?v??ɡe??n]n.導(dǎo)航;領(lǐng)航;航行navigatorn.領(lǐng)航員；航行者/?n?v?ɡe?t?/aroughdeal不公平的待遇loyal/?l???l/adj.忠誠的;忠實(shí)的beloyalto…對……忠誠反：disloyaladj.不忠誠的loyallyadv.忠誠地；誠實(shí)地loyaltyn.忠誠；衷心；忠實(shí)他一直是我們大家忠實(shí)的朋友。He’dalwaysbeensuchaloyalfriendtousall.她總是信守自己的政治原則。Shehasalwaysremainedloyaltoherpoliticalprinciples.giveoff放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)giveout發(fā)出/分發(fā)；公布；用盡givein屈服、讓步；上交giveup投降；放棄；讓出giveaway泄露；贈(zèng)送；喪失汽車每天釋放出很多有害氣體。Carsgiveoffmuchpoisonousgaseveryday.commitment/k??m?tm?nt/n.承諾;保證;奉獻(xiàn)commitvt.犯罪；承諾，保證committedadj.盡心盡力的，堅(jiān)定的becommittedto(doing)sth.承諾/全身心地投入(做)某事madeacommitmentto向······承諾她現(xiàn)在把全部心思都放在樂隊(duì)上。Shewasnowcommittedtotheband,heartandsoul.

【即學(xué)即練】1)Asformymajor,IwillchooseMedcine,which,Iknow,isalong-term

(commit)andadecision.

2)Jackwasagoodmanwho

(commit)tohisfamilyaswellastohiswork.3)TheCanadiangovernmentiscommittedto

(advance)theequalityintheuseof

EnglishandFrench.4.總理向全國人民承諾將會(huì)采取措施控制二氧化碳的排放量。ThePrimeMinister

thathewould_________________controltheemissionofcarbondioxide.commitmentwascommittedadvancingmadeacommitmenttothenationtakemasurestomotive/?m??t?v/n.動(dòng)機(jī);原因;目的motivatev.使有動(dòng)機(jī)；激發(fā)積極性；刺激motivationn.動(dòng)力，誘因；積極性amotivefor(doing)sth.做某事的動(dòng)機(jī)motivatesbtodosth激勵(lì)某人做某事

【單句語法填空】1)Asyoucansee，thechildrenwerereallyencouraged,andtheywerealsoenthusiasticabout________(read)allofthesebooks.2)Itisnouse__________(envy)others’success.Itistimethatyoushouldworkhard.3)OnApril16th,2014,aSouthKoreashipcarryingmorethan450passengers________(sink)intothesea.4)Asweallknow,successrequirescourage,braveryand______________(persevere).5)We'regoingtohaveEuropeanstyle______________(cupboard)inthebedrooms.Testforgoalsreadingenvyingsankperseverancecupboards6)JamesCookisfamousforhavingmadethreegreat__________(voyage)aroundtheworld，andmappedcoastandsearoutes.7)Theship______________(crush)outofshapeandcouldn’tbeused.8)Pleasetakeawayallyour_________(belong)whenyouleavetheroom.9)Atlast,thelawyer’sadviceledtothe______________(resolve)ofthisdifficultproblem.10)_____________(fortune),hegainedthe___________(qualify)toteachChinese.voyageswascrushedbelongsresolutionFortunatelyqualification1.bitter

adj.

嚴(yán)寒的，激烈而不愉快的；味苦的→

adv.痛苦地;憤恨地;極其2.endurance

n.忍耐力；耐久力→__________vt.忍耐3.qualified