2022年河北省保定市望都縣高二下學(xué)期3月周考（八）英語試卷

2021-2022學(xué)年河北省保定市望都縣高二下學(xué)期3月周考（八）英語試卷第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共8小題;每小題5分,滿分40分)AAlbertEinsteinwasprobablythemostfamousscientistofthetwentiethcentury.Hechangedscientificthinkinginthemodernworld.HeisgenerallyconsideredasP1thegreatestphysicistwhoeverlived.What'smore,hedevotedalotofhistimeandenergytoworkingP2forhumanrightsandprogress.In1933,whileEinsteinwasvisitingEnglandandtheUnitedStates,theNazigovernmentofGermanytookallhisthingsaway,includinghispositionandhiscitizenshipW1.EinsteinthensettleddownintheUnitedStates.In1939,Einstein,wholovedpeace—afraidofaworldinwhichonlyHitlerwouldhaveanatomicbomb—triedhardtopersuadePresidentFranklinD．RooseveltinafamouslettertohavetheUnitedStatesstarturaniumW2research.ThatGermany,afterallP3,hadnobomb,andthatthefirstbombwouldfallonJapan,couldnothavebeenexpected.Afterthewar,Einsteinneverstoppedworkingforpeaceandreducingthenumberofsoldiersintheworld.Althoughhewasn'tconnectedwithanyacceptedreligionW3,EinsteinfeltthattrustinapersonalGodwastoospecialanideatobesuitabletotheGodatworkinthisuniverse,butheneverbelievedthattheuniversewasoneofchanceordisorderW4.Theuniversetohimwasoneofpurelawandorder.Heoncesaid,“Godmayknoweverything，butheisnothateful.”1．Fromthepassageweknowthat.A．noscientistisasgreatasAlbertEinsteinduringthiscenturyB．AlbertEinsteinwaslikelytobethegreatestscientistofhistimeC．AlbertEinsteinmadethefirstatomicbombfortheUnitedStatesofAmericaD．AlbertEinsteingaveuphisGermancitizenshipforpoliticalreasons2．IfEinsteinhadknownthatHitlerhadnoatomicbombandthatthefirstatomicbombwouldfallonJapan,hewould.A．havecontinuedhisscientificresearchB．havewonanotherNobelPrizeforphysicsC．nothaveadvisedstartinguraniumresearchintheUSAD．nothavemovedtotheUSA3．Einsteinin1933.A．visitedEnglandandtheUSAB．losteverythingC．becameamanwithoutacountryD．bothAandC4．Einsteinbelievedthateverythingintheuniverse.A．waskeptinorderbyitsownlawB．hadnothingtodowitheachotherC．happenedinanirregularwayD．wasmadebythepersonalGodBSirJohnGurdon,aBritishscientist,whowontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein2012,saidhehadpredictedatthetimeofhisfrogexperimentsthatthesuccessfulcloningW1ofamammalW2wouldhappenwithin50years,andthat“maybethesameanswerisappropriateW3”forthesteptohumancloning.Parentswholosechildreninaccidentsmaybeabletoclone“copies”toreplacethemthen.AlthoughanyattempttocloneanentirehumanwouldraisecomplexW4moralissues,thebiologistclaimedpeoplewouldsoonovercometheirconcernsifthetechniquebecamemedicallyuseful.CloningwasregardedwithextremedoubtswhenitwasfirstdevelopedbutbecamewidelyacceptedafterthebirthofLouiseBrown,thefirst“test-tubebaby”.Hesaid,“Whenmyfirstfrogexperimentsweredone,anAmericanreporteraskedhowlongitwouldbebeforethesethingscouldbedoneinmammalsorhumans.Isaid,‘Well,itcouldbeanytimebetween10yearsand100years—howabout50years？’ItturnedoutP1thatitwasn'tfaroffthemarkasfarasDollywasconcernedP2.Maybethesameanswerisappropriate.”SirJohnaddedthatcloningahumaneffectivelymeansmakinganidenticaltwin,anddoctorswouldthereforesimplybe“copyingwhatnaturehasalreadyproduced”．Theaveragevoteonallowingparentsofdeceasedchildren,whoarenolongerfertile(能生育的),tocreateanotherbyusingthemother'seggsandskincellsfromthefirstchild,thinkingthetechniquewassafeandeffective,is60percentinfavorP3.Thereasonsfor“no”areusuallythatthenewchildrenwouldfeeltheyaresomesortofreplacementsforsomething.5．SirJohnpredictedthehumancloningwouldbearealityinatmost.A．a(chǎn)bout100years B．a(chǎn)bout60yearsC．a(chǎn)bout50years D．a(chǎn)bout10years6．Whichstatementcan'tbeconcludedfromthetext?A．LouiseBrownisthefirst“test-tubebaby”．B．Humancloningisstillacontroversialtopic.C．SirJohnispositiveaboutthefutureofhumancloning.D．Humancloningiscreatingsomethingthatdidn'texistbefore.7．Theunderlinedword“identical”probablymeans“”．A．same B．specialC．new D．clear8．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A．mostpeoplecastdoubtonJohn'sexperimentsB．humancloningisandwillbeonlyadreamC．fewchildrenlovetobeclonedinthefutureD．humancloningmayberealizedsomeday第二節(jié)：完形填空（共15小題，每小題2分，共30分）

WhenHeatherMcHugh,apoet,wona$500,000“geniusgrant”fromtheMacArthurFoundation,shedidn'tbuyaluxuriouscarorflytoParis.Instead,sheputthemoneyinthebankand1writingpoems.In2011,shefinally2whattodowithit.Thatyear,Heather'sgodsonandhiswife3theirfirstchild,abeautifulbabygirlbutseverelydisabled.“Isawhowpeople's4canchangeovernight.Istartedthinkingaboutpeopleinasimilarsituation，”saysHeather.She5thereweremillionsofcaregiverstakingcareofthechronically(慢性地)illordisabled.Soin2012,Heather6anon-profitorganizationofferingaseven-dayvacation,withall7paid,topeoplewhohavebeencaregiversforatleasttenyears.Triciawasoneofthefirstcaregiverstogoonvacation.WhenTriciagotacallsayingshewasoffereda8vacation,shecouldn'tbelieveit;disbeliefeven9herconcernaboutleavinghertwokids.Triciawent,andherfavoritepartsofthetripweretoenjoyhis10things.“Igottoeathotfoodhotandcoldfoodcold.IcouldgotobedwhenIwantedtoandwakeupwheneverIchoseto，”saysTricia.Shewasafraidthe11wouldreturnwhenthevacationwasover,buttohersurprise,ithasn'tbeenbacksince.HeathersaysTricia's12resemblesthoseoftheothertencaregiversshehelpseveryyear.“Beforethevacationtheyareso13，butthechangeissoamazing.Theyreflectandrelax.Itfeels14likeanotherworldandgivesthemachancetoseetheirlivesfromanother15，”sheadds.1．A．continuedB．quittedC．practicedD．started2．A．thoughtoverB．wonderedC．talkedaboutD．decided3．A．heldB．welcomedC．lostD．saved4．A．feelingsB．futureC．livesD．routine5．A．discoveredB．claimedC．a(chǎn)dmittedD．felt6．A．donatedB．foundC．visitedD．formed7．A．taxesB．salaryC．expensesD．rent8．A．freeB．caringC．shortD．long9．A．wokeB．defeatedC．showedD．moved10．A．wonderfulB．deliciousC．peacefulD．simple11．A．heavinessB．painC．sadnessD．disbelief12．A．commentB．storyC．surpriseD．fortune13．A．worriedB．confusedC．unexpectedD．stressed14．A．slightlyB．interestinglyC．magicallyD．mostly15．A．placeB．situationC．heightD．a(chǎn)ngle三．寫作(30分)根據(jù)下面表格內(nèi)的漢語提示，寫一篇100個詞左右的介紹簡·古道爾的短文。研究領(lǐng)域著名的野生動物研究專家，尤其在研究黑猩猩方面。性格謙虛、坦誠、考慮周到。主要事跡1.童年時代，她碰巧看到一本名叫《泰山和杜拉德博士》的書。受到極大鼓舞，打算研究動物；2.那個時代，婦女受到歧視，但媽媽支持她；3.20世紀(jì)60年代，簡動身去非洲研究黑猩猩，用了25年多的時間觀察和記錄黑猩猩的日?；顒?，完全弄懂了它們的行為。成就1.成立了幾個組織，發(fā)起一項保護動物的運動；2.在世界各地演講，呼吁年輕一代參加“根與芽”活動；3.被授予了多個獎項。參考詞匯：《泰山和杜拉德博士》TarzanandDrDoolittle；“根與芽”“ShootandRoot”_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案A篇篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇人物介紹。AlbertEinstein不僅是一位偉大的科學(xué)家，他還致力于為人權(quán)和進步而工作。B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句話可知，B項正確；A項過于絕對；根據(jù)文章第二段中的“In1939,Einstein,wholovedpeace...Statesstarturaniumresearch.”可知，Einstein只是建議美國研究原子彈，并沒有幫美國制造；D項文中未提到。C推理判斷題。文章中講到Einstein是一位熱愛和平的科學(xué)家，所以，如果他知道當(dāng)時的納粹德國沒有原子彈，且第一顆原子彈會投向日本的話，一定不會建議美國開始原子武器的研究。D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句話可知答案選D。A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Theuniversetohimwasoneofpurelawandorder.”可知，他認為宇宙并不是雜亂無序的，而是有自己的法則的。B篇篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎得主、英國科學(xué)家約翰·格登爵士稱，那些在事故中失去子女的父母將能在未來50年內(nèi)借助克隆技術(shù)，讓他們的子女得到“重生”。C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知，格登爵士預(yù)測，在未來50年內(nèi)，那些在事故中失去孩子的父母將有可能通過克隆技術(shù)得到孩子的“復(fù)制品”。故選C項。D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“afterthebirthofLouiseBrown,thefirst‘test-tubebaby’”可排除A項；文章尾段說明贊成者占6成，故排除B項；根據(jù)第二段中格登爵士的話可知，他對克隆人充滿了希望，故排除C項；根據(jù)第二段的尾句可知，D項切題。A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“twin”和文中的“doctorswouldthereforesimplybe‘copyingwhatnaturehasalreadyproduced’”可知，畫線詞意為“相同的，相似的”，故A項正確。D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段的第一句可知，雖然克隆人類的嘗試將引起復(fù)雜的道德問題，但是生物學(xué)家聲稱如果克隆技術(shù)變得有醫(yī)學(xué)價值，人們很快就會消除他們的擔(dān)心，因此可推斷D項正確。完型：篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。HeatherMcHugh利用自己的五十萬美元獎金建立非營利組織，為照顧慢性病患者和殘疾人的護理員提供免費休假，讓他們到新的環(huán)境中，從不一樣的角度來看待他們的人生。1A根據(jù)前一句中的“apoet”，再結(jié)合該句中的“sheputthemoneyinthebankand1writingpoems”可知，她(這位詩人)獲獎后，將獎金存進銀行，繼續(xù)(continued)寫作。2D根據(jù)下文中的“Heather6anon-profitorganizationofferingaseven-dayvacation”可知，此處表示在2011年，她終于決定如何使用這筆錢。decide“決定”符合語境。3BHeather的教子和他的妻子迎來了他們的第一個孩子，那是一個