Unit3SeaExplorationLearningAboutLanguage課件高中英語人教版選擇性

Unit2IconicAttractionsLearningAboutLanguageTeachingObjectives:1.Find,observeandanalysetheexamplesofpastparticiplesinthetext.2.Bettermastertheusagesofpastparticiplesservingasanattribute,adverbial,predicative,orobjectcomplement.Keyanddifficultpoints:Keypoint：Differtheusagesofpastparticiplesservingasanattribute,adverbial,predicative,orobjectcomplement.Difficultpoint：Improveexpressionsbyusingpastparticiple.BuildupyourvocabularyWritedownthewordthatmatcheseachdefinition.Thenfindthesentencescontainingthesewordsinthetext.1.________animaginarystoryoranexcitingdescriptionofanevent2.________relatedtothekingorqueenofacountry3.___________toreachanagreementbydiscussion4.___________tostoptakingpartinanactivity5.___________tomakesomethinglongerorlarger6.________aconnectionbetweenpeople7.________alevelofquality,ability,etc.8.________adeeppassageofwaterusedasarouteforshipstaleroyalnegotiatewithdrawextendbondleaguechannelChoosetheappropriatewordsfromabovetocompletethefollowingsentences.1.Theircommonexperiencecreatedastrong________betweenthem.2.AsamajorfigureinBritishpolitics,Churchillwasina________ofhisown.3.Thedeadlinehasbeen__________bytwodays.4.I’mreadingabookaboutfolk________andancientlegends.bondleagueextendedtalesCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthephrasesinthebox.1.HenryNormanBethunedevotedhislifeandprofessiontohelpingpeoplewithoutexpectinganything__________.2.LastsummerwevisitedanislandintheIndianOcean,whoserockycoastlineandlonggoldenbeacheswere_________________.3.Thetennisplayer______________severaltournamentsduetoinjury.4.Withlotsoffoodanddrink________,theysetofffortheirpicnic.inreturnasighttobeholdwithdrewfrominhandCompletethepassagebelowwiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.In1519,FerdinandMagellan,aPortugueseadventurer,madethefirstvoyagearoundtheworld.On14June2008,nearly500yearslater,a16-year-oldAmericanboy,ZacSunderland,__________onasimilarjourney.After13months,hereturnedwithanewworldrecord:theyoungestpersonevertosailaroundtheworld.setsailCompletethepassagebelowwiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.Zacgrewuponaboatandlearnthowtosailwhenhewasfour,which________________________ofhissuccess.Asachild,ZacreadabookaboutRobinLeeGrahamwhohadsailedaroundtheworldaloneasateenagerin1965.ZacwasgreatlyinspiredbyGraham’s__________.Afterhis16thbirthday,Zacstartedmakingplansforhisjourney.Usinghisownmoney,Zacboughtaboatandsetoff.formedthefoundationtalesCompletethepassagebelowwiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox._____________________________isoftenamixtureofdangerand__________.Zachadto_______________throughheavystormsandgetbyonlittlesleeponhisjourney.Itwasboringtostayonaboatallday,soZacreadlotsofbooks!Healsoemailedhisfamilyusinghislaptop,tellingthemabouthisexperiencesaroundtheworld.Whenthejourneyended,Zac’sadventurereceivedwidespreadmediacoverage.Athispressconference,hetalkedabouthowpassionandcouragemadehisdreamcometrue.Inhisopinion,there’ssomuchthatpeoplecanachievewiththeright____________andambition.Justgoforit!Reachingoutacrosstheseaboredomfindhiswaymotivation

復(fù)習(xí)不定式Findallthesentencescontaininginfinitivesinthereadingpassage.Thenmarktheirfunctions.Tocompletethegreatmapoftheworldwasastrongpassion...(S)MarcoPolo'stalesinspiredEuropeanexplorerstosearchforsearoutesfromwesttoeast.(OC)Here，merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmettonegotiatetradedeals...(Ad)Toreachoutacrossthesearemainsastrongdesiretoday.(S)Theaimofthisinitiativeistoencouragecooperationandtrade...(P)Findallthesentencescontaininginfinitivesinthereadingpassage.Thenmarktheirfunctions.Tradinghasgrowngreatly...andwillcontinuetodosoinyearstocome.(O;Attr)...whichwillhelptogreatlydevelopthewholeareaforthebenefitoffuturetradeandculturalexchange.(O)...therearestillmanyotherplaceslefttoexplore.(Attr)...ChinahasjoinedothernationsonseveralexpeditionstoexploretheArctic.(Attr)...thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects.(Attr;Ad)...theneedtotradeandthedesiretoenhancerelationshipswilldriveChinatoreachoutacrosstheseafarintothefuture.(Attr;Attr;oC)不定式作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式。Tomasteramusicalinstrumentrequireslong-termpractice.掌握一種樂器需要長期練習(xí)。不定式的用法作主語Tosolvethiscomplexmathproblemneedspatienceandlogicalthinking.解決這道復(fù)雜的數(shù)學(xué)題需要耐心和邏輯思維。Tobuildagoodrelationshipwithclassmatesisbeneficialforyourschoollife.與同學(xué)建立良好關(guān)系對你的校園生活有益。為避免句子結(jié)構(gòu)頭重腳輕，常用"it"作形式主語，將真正的主語不定式后置。Itisimportanttogetupearlyeveryday.每天早起很重要。不定式的用法作主語Itisnecessarytoreadalotofbookstoexpandyourknowledge.讀大量的書來擴(kuò)充知識很有必要。Itischallengingtorunamarathonforthefirsttime.第一次跑馬拉松具有挑戰(zhàn)性。許多及物動詞后常接不定式作賓語。Shedecidedtotakeagapyearbeforegoingtocollege.她決定在上大學(xué)前休一年假。不定式的用法作賓語Sheplannedtostarthisownbusinessaftergraduation.她計(jì)劃畢業(yè)后創(chuàng)業(yè)。Theyagreedtomeetatthecoffeeshopat3o'clock.他們同意三點(diǎn)在咖啡店見面。當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是不定式時，一般用“it”作形式賓語，把不定式放在賓語補(bǔ)足語之后。Weconsideritourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.我們認(rèn)為保護(hù)環(huán)境是我們的責(zé)任。不定式的用法作賓語Theyfoundithardtounderstandtheancientpoem.他們覺得理解這首古詩很難。Ithinkitimportanttokeepapositiveattitudeindifficultsituations.我認(rèn)為在困難情況下保持積極態(tài)度很重要。不定式作表語常表示具體的、一次性的動作或?qū)淼膭幼?。Herdreamistobecomeafamousscientist.她的夢想是成為一名著名科學(xué)家。不定式的用法作表語Heraimistowinthechampionshipintheupcomingcompetition.她的目標(biāo)是在即將到來的比賽中贏得冠軍。若主語是aim,duty,hope,idea,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish等名詞，不定式作表語是對主語內(nèi)容的具體說明。Ihaveareporttowritethisafternoon.今天下午我有一份報告要寫。不定式的用法作定語Shehasalotofclothestowashonweekends.她周末有很多衣服要洗。Sheboughtabooktoreadduringthelongjourney.她買了一本書在長途旅行中閱讀。不定式作表語常表示具體的、一次性的動作或?qū)淼膭幼鳌２欢ㄊ降挠梅ㄗ鞫ㄕZ當(dāng)被修飾的名詞是"ability,chance,courage,decision,effort,intention,need,opportunity,reason,right"等時，常用不定式作定語，且不定式與被修飾詞之間存在邏輯上的主謂、動賓或同位關(guān)系。Shehastheabilitytofinishthistaskindependently.她有獨(dú)立完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的能力。Wehaveagoodchancetovisitthefamousmuseumtomorrow.我們明天有個很好的機(jī)會參觀著名博物館。Herdecisiontostudyabroadsurprisedeveryone.她出國留學(xué)的決定讓大家都很驚訝。不定式的用法作定語當(dāng)不定式修飾“way,place,time”等名詞時，后面的介詞常可省略。Thisisthebestwaytosolvetheproblem(in).這是解決問題的最佳方法。Thatisawonderfulplacetospendourholiday(at).那是個度假的好地方。Doyouhavetherighttimetohaveatalkwithme(at)?你有合適的時間和我聊聊嗎？不定式的用法作狀語目的狀語：不定式可位于句首、句末或句中作目的狀語。為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的，可在不定式前加“inorderto”或“soasto”，但“soasto”不能用于句首。Togetabettergrade,hestudiedhardeverynight.為了取得更好的成績，他每晚都努力學(xué)習(xí)。Shewenttothelibrarytoborrowsomereferencebooks.她去圖書館借一些參考書。Inordertocatchthefirstbus,hegotupat5o'clock.為了趕上第一班公交車，他五點(diǎn)就起床了。不定式的用法作狀語結(jié)果狀語：常與“only”連用，表示意外的結(jié)果。Heworkedharddayandnight,onlytofailintheexam.他日夜努力學(xué)習(xí)，結(jié)果卻考試不及格。Sheranallthewaytothestation,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.她一路跑到車站，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開走了。Theyhurriedtotheairport,onlytobetoldtheflightwascancelled.他們匆忙趕到機(jī)場，結(jié)果卻被告知航班取消了。不定式的用法作狀語原因狀語：用于某些形容詞后，說明產(chǎn)生某種情緒的原因。常見的形容詞有“happy,glad,pleased,sad,sorry,surprised,excited”等。I'mhappytoseemyoldfriendsagain.再次見到老朋友我很高興。Shewasexcitedtohearthatshehadwonthefirstprize.聽到自己得了一等獎，她很興奮。Wearesorrytohearaboutyourloss.聽到你的損失，我們很難過。不定式的用法作賓語補(bǔ)足語一些動詞如“advise,beg,cause,command,enable,forbid,force,instruct,invite,oblige,persuade,remind,teach,urge”等后常接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，構(gòu)成“動詞+賓語+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。Theteacheradvised

thestudents

toreadmoreEnglishstories.老師建議學(xué)生多讀英語故事。Hebegged

hismother

tobuyhimanewtoy.他懇求媽媽給他買一個新玩具。Thecoach

commanded

theplayers

torunfaster.教練命令隊(duì)員們跑得更快些。不定式的用法作賓語補(bǔ)足語使役動詞“l(fā)et,make,have”和感官動詞“see,watch,observe,notice,hear,listento,feel”等后接不帶“to”的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，但在被動語態(tài)中要加上“to”。Lethimgohomenow.（讓他現(xiàn)在回家。）→Hewaslettogohomebyus.（他被我們允許回家。）?Wemadethelittleboycry.（我們把小男孩弄哭了。）→Thelittleboywasmadetocrybyus.（小男孩被我們弄哭了。）?Isawherentertheclassroom.（我看見她走進(jìn)教室。）→Shewasseentoentertheclassroom.（有人看見她走進(jìn)教室。）不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)不定式的一般式表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時發(fā)生或在其后發(fā)生。Iwanttogoshoppingthisafternoon.我今天下午想去購物。Hehopestovisithisgrandparentsnextweek.他希望下周去看望祖父母。Theyplantostarttheprojecttomorrow.他們計(jì)劃明天啟動項(xiàng)目。不定式的進(jìn)行式表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時進(jìn)行，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行。Sheseemstobedancingintheroomnow.她現(xiàn)在好像正在房間里跳舞。Thestudentsappeartobediscussinganinterestingtopic.學(xué)生們似乎正在討論一個有趣的話題。Hepretendedtobereadingwhenhismothercamein.媽媽進(jìn)來時他假裝正在看書。不定式的完成式表示的動作在謂語動詞表示的動作之前發(fā)生。Heissaidtohavestudiedabroadforfiveyears.據(jù)說他已經(jīng)在國外學(xué)習(xí)了五年。Theyarebelievedtohavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.人們認(rèn)為他們已經(jīng)提前完成了工作。Sheseemstohaveknownthetruthalready.她似乎已經(jīng)知道真相了。不定式的被動式當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是動作的承受者時，要用被動式。Theproblemneedstobesolvedassoonaspossible.這個問題需要盡快解決。Theletteristobesentbyexpressmail.這封信要用特快專遞寄出。Theworkisexpectedtobecompletedintwoweeks.這項(xiàng)工作預(yù)計(jì)兩周內(nèi)完成。不定式的否定形式在不定式前加“not”構(gòu)成否定形式。Tellhimnottoplaycomputergamestoolate.告訴他不要玩電腦游戲到太晚。Theteacheraskedusnottomakenoiseinclass.老師要求我們在課堂上不要吵鬧。Myparentstoldmenottotruststrangerseasily.我父母告訴我不要輕易相信陌生人。省略“to”的不定式（一）在"hadbetter,wouldrather,ratherthan,whynot"等結(jié)構(gòu)后，用省略"to"的不定式。You'dbetterstayathomeduringthestorm.暴風(fēng)雨期間你最好待在家里。（二）當(dāng)兩個或多個不定式由"and,or,but"等連接時，第二個及后面的不定式常省略"to"。You'dbetterstayathomeduringthestorm.暴風(fēng)雨期間你最好待在家里。省略“to”的不定式（三）在"let,make,have"等使役動詞和"see,watch,hear,feel,notice"等感官動詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，省略"to"，但在被動語態(tài)中要加上"to"。Letthemdoitbythemselves.讓他們自己做這件事?！鶷heywerelettodoitbythemselves.他們被允許自己做這件事。Weheardhersingabeautifulsong.我們聽到她唱了一首動聽的歌。→Shewasheardtosingabeautifulsong.有人聽到她唱了一首動聽的歌。ExerciseJointhewordstom