廣東省廣州市2025屆高三下學(xué)期3月綜合測試（一）英語 含解析

★啟用前注意保密試卷類型:A2025年廣州市普通高中畢業(yè)班綜合測試(一)英語本試卷共10頁，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、試室號(hào)和座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(A)填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。并在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上填涂考生號(hào)。因筆試不考聽力，試卷從第二部分開始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開始。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑:如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上:如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheMuseumofClassicalArchaeologyisanidealdestinationforschooltrips.Weofferafreeeducationservicetailoredforstudentsofallages.OurCambridgemuseumisagreatplacetobringprimaryschoolgroups,especiallythosestudyingtheAncientGreeksorRomans.WecanalsosupportboththeClassicsandtheArtcurriculum(課程)atsecondarylevel:studentsstudyingtheancientworldwillbenefitfromstudenttours,whilethosestudyingartcanimprovetheirdrawingskills.OurEducationCoordinatorishappytoworkwithyoutoplanyourschooltrip.Wecanleadthegroupor,ifyouprefer,youcanself-lead.PlanningYourVisitThemuseumisconvenientlylocatedforCambridgeschools,butthosetravelingfromfartherawaycancombinetheirtripwithvisitstootherCambridgemuseums.Forschoolsunabletovisitinperson,themuseumnowoffersvirtualsessionsledbytheEducationCoordinator,availableforbothprimaryandsecondarylevels.Tobookanin-personorvirtualvisit,pleaseuseouronlinebookingrequestform.OurEducationCoordinatorwillcontactyoutodiscussyouroptions.Pleasenote:weaskthatallschooltripsarebookedatleastsevendaysinadvance.ResourcesandServicesDownloadtheTeacher’sPackforhelpfulguidelinestomaximizeyourvisit.Wehaveaccessibilitysolutionsinplaceforanyonewithtroublegettingaround.Pleaseinformusatmuseum@classics.cam.ac.ukinadvance.Forqueriesaboutfreeeducationservice,contacttheEducationCoordinatorat(01223)7670441.Whatistheaimofthemuseum’seducationservice?A.Totraintouristguides.B.Topromoteschooltrips.C.Tosupportcurriculumstudies.D.Tointroducethemuseum’shistory.2.Whatmustschoolsdobeforetheirmuseumvisit?A.Informthemuseumoftheirplansbyemail.B.Fillthebookingrequestformaweekahead.C.Contactthemuseumforaccessibilitysolutions.D.ReservetheirvisitstootherCambridgemuseums.3.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthistext?A.Schoolteachers. B.Cambridgestudents.C.Touristguides. D.Historicalresearchers.【答案】1.B2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要講的是去MuseumofClassicalArchaeology進(jìn)行學(xué)校旅行的相關(guān)信息。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“OurEducationCoordinatorishappytoworkwithyoutoplanyourschooltrip.(我們的教育協(xié)調(diào)員很樂意與您一起計(jì)劃您的學(xué)校旅行。)”可知，博物館教育服務(wù)的目的是促進(jìn)學(xué)校旅行。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PlanningYourVisit部分的第二段中的“Tobookanin-personorvirtualvisit,pleaseuseouronlinebookingrequestform.(如需親自或虛擬參觀，請使用我們的在線預(yù)訂申請表。)”和“Pleasenote:weaskthatallschooltripsarebookedatleastsevendaysinadvance.(請注意：我們要求所有學(xué)校旅行至少提前七天預(yù)訂。)”可知，學(xué)校參觀博物館前必須提前一周填寫預(yù)訂申請表。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“DownloadtheTeacher’sPackforhelpfulguidelinestomaximizeyourvisit.(請下載教師資料包，以獲取有助于最大化您參觀體驗(yàn)的有用指南。)”可知，這篇文章的目標(biāo)讀者是學(xué)校的老師。故選A。BWhenMartinRothstartedasaforestrangerinthe1980s,hisjobwastocarefortheforesttoensurecontinuityfordecades,evencenturies.Now,withclimatechange,it’smoreaboutplanningforanuncertainfuture.“It’sdisastermanagement,”saysRoth,forwhomthe3,000acresofforestserveastestinggroundforhigh-techsolutions,earninghimthenickname“digitalforestranger.”Afteraseverestorm,theclockstartsticking:Damagedtreesshouldberemovedbeforethearrivalofbarkbeetles,whichgrowindeadtreesandcandestroyentireforests.WhileitoncetookRothabout2.5hourstocoveranacreonfoot,drones(無人機(jī))nowlethimsurveytheentire3,000acresinseveraldays,sohecanquicklylocatedamagedtrees,informownersofaffectedplots,andsendupdatestoworkers.Roth’sexplorationgoesbeyonddrones.HisrecentprojectiscombiningbodycamerawithAL.“Usuallyyoumarkthetrees,they’recutdown,andyouhavenoideahowmuchwoodyou’llget,whatquality,andwhichspecies,”heexplains.AInow“sees”throughhisbodycam,recognizestreespecies,estimateswoodproduction,andsendsreal-timeinformationtohisphone.SinceuptohalfofEuropeantreespeciesareunsuitedtorisingtemperaturesandextendeddryperiods,Rothhasalsobegunexperimentingwithnewspecies,plantingtheminsmallgroupsandkeepingtrackoftheminhissystem.Asforestareasexpand,interventionsareneeded,buttherearen’tenoughemployeestokeepitallstraight.“EitherIknowit,orthecomputerknowsit,ornooneknowsitandit’slost,”hesays.Roth’sexpertiseintacklingthechallengesofmodernforestrywithtechnologyisincreasinglysoughtafter—colleaguesreachoutforadviceandhelecturesonthetopicatuniversities.Buthewarnsthattechnologycanneverreplaceawanderthroughtheforest:“Ishouldneverbelievethatthedigitaltwinisreality.Ialwayshavetodoarealitycheck.”4.WhatwasRoth’sjobwhenhestartedhiscareer?A.Sustainingforesthealth. B.Predictingtheforest’sfuture.C.Managingdisasters. D.Seekinghigh-techsolutions.5.WhatdoesRothusedronestodo?A.Identifydeadtreespecies. B.Removeharmfulinsects.C.Collectdataofforestdamage. D.Informownersoftheirloss.6.WhatpointisRothtryingtomakewithhiswordsinparagraph4?A.Forestsareacureforclimatechange.B.Experiencedworkersareingreatneed.C.Forestexpansionissuccessfullycontrolled.D.Technologyiskeytotrackingforestinformation.7.WhydoesRothwarnabouttheuseoftechnologyinforestry?A.Itmayreplacehumanworkers.BItmayneedtoomuchchecking.C.Itmayprovidefalseinformation.D.Itmaydenychancesofforestwalks.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是護(hù)林員MartinRoth如何利用高科技手段應(yīng)對現(xiàn)代林業(yè)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenMartinRothstartedasaforestrangerinthe1980s,hisjobwastocarefortheforesttoensurecontinuityfordecades,evencenturies.(當(dāng)MartinRoth在20世紀(jì)80年代開始擔(dān)任護(hù)林員時(shí)，他的工作是照顧森林，以確保幾十年甚至幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的連續(xù)性)”可知，Roth開始他的職業(yè)生涯時(shí)是保持森林健康的。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“WhileitoncetookRothabout2.5hourstocoveranacreonfoot,drones(無人機(jī))nowlethimsurveytheentire3,000acresinseveraldays,sohecanquicklylocatedamagedtrees,informownersofaffectedplots,andsendupdatestoworkers.(過去，Roth徒步檢查一英畝土地需要大約2.5小時(shí)，而現(xiàn)在，無人機(jī)讓他能在幾天內(nèi)巡視完整個(gè)3000英畝的區(qū)域，這樣他就能迅速定位受損樹木，通知受影響地塊的所有者，并向工作人員發(fā)送最新信息)”可知，Roth用無人機(jī)收集森林破壞數(shù)據(jù)。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Asforestareasexpand,interventionsareneeded,buttherearen’tenoughemployeestokeepitallstraight.“EitherIknowit,orthecomputerknowsit,ornooneknowsitandit’slost,”hesays.(隨著森林面積的擴(kuò)大，需要進(jìn)行干預(yù)，但員工數(shù)量不足以應(yīng)對所有工作?！耙次抑?，要么電腦知道，要么沒人知道，然后就丟失了，”他說)”可知，Roth在第四段想表達(dá)的是急需有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Buthewarnsthattechnologycanneverreplaceawanderthroughtheforest:“Ishouldneverbelievethatthedigitaltwinisreality.Ialwayshavetodoarealitycheck.”(但他警告說，科技永遠(yuǎn)無法取代在森林中漫步：“我永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)該相信數(shù)字孿生是現(xiàn)實(shí)。我總是要做現(xiàn)實(shí)檢查?！?”可知，Roth對林業(yè)技術(shù)的使用提出警告是因?yàn)樗赡芴峁╁e(cuò)誤信息。故選C。CIfyoueverwonderedwhatyourchild’sdrawingsmightreveal,keeponreading.ImaginehowyouwouldfeelwhenlookingatEarthfromouterspace.ThatfeelingofaweiswhatwecalltheOverviewEffect,afeelingmostastronautsreportwhentheyreturntoEarth,describedasatransformativeexperiencethatchangestheirviewofourplanetandhumanity—anexperiencethatbuildsasenseofunity,interconnectedness,andresponsibilityforEarth’swell-being.Recently,40,000childrenexperiencedavirtualreality(VR)spacejourney,becomingauniquegrouptohaveachancetoundergothisawesomefeelingwithoutleavingEarth.TofindoutwhethertheyhadexperiencedtheOverviewEffect,weasked100childrenfromthisspecialgrouptodrawself-imagesbeforeandaftertheVRjourney.Inpreviousstudiesonadults,wefoundthatafterviewingavideotobringabouttheOverviewEffect,participantstendedtodrawasmallerself.Apparently,goingthroughtheexperienceofaweandwondermakesonefeelsmaller,withasmallerdrawingastheresult.However,whenweappliedthismethodtochildren,weencounteredunexpectedresults.ThesizeoftheirdrawingsremainedunchangedaftertheVRexperience.Thisdiscrepancyledustoquestion:WeredrawingsbychildrensimplynotagoodwaytomeasuretheOverviewEffect?Didwhatworkedforadultssimplynotworkforchildren?Uponcloseranalysis,wediscoveredthatthekeytomeasuringtransformativeexperiencesinchildrenliesmotinthesizeoftheirdrawingsbutintherichnessoftheircontent.BeforetheVRjourney,thechildren’sdrawingsweresimple,oftenshowingfamiliarelementsfromtheirdailylives.Afterthejourney,theirdrawingsbecamefarmoreinsightful,filledwithvividdescriptionsindicativeofwhattheyhadlearnedduringtheVRjourney—forexample,theEarth’secology.Thisdiscoverygaveusanewwaytounderstandchildren’sresponsestotransformativeexperiences.I’mnotproposingthatwereplacetestsinschoolswithchildren’sdrawings.Butwhenitcomestotransformativeexperiences,I’drecommendpayingmoreattentiontowhatchildrenactuallydraw.8.HowcanwedescribetheOverviewEffect?A.Itexpressesman’sviewofEarthandhumanity.B.Ithelpspeoplegetdeeperinsightsintotheworld.C.Itbringsaboutawesomefeelingsoftheouterspace.D.Itisatransformativeexperienceuniquetoastronauts.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discrepancy”meaninparagraph3?A.Problem. B.Progress. C.Doubt. D.Difference.10.Howdidthechildren’sdrawingschangeaftertheVRjourney?A.Theself-imagesbecamelarger. B.Theydescribedmoredetails.C.Thereweremorefamiliarelements. D.Theyexpressedricheremotions.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tosuggestawayofmeasuringchildren’slearning.B.Tocompareadults’andchildren’sOverviewEffect.C.ToanalysetheroleofVRtechnologyinchildeducation.D.Todescribethepsychologicalexperienceofspacetravels.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是衡量兒童變革性體驗(yàn)的關(guān)鍵在于畫作內(nèi)容的深度和洞察力，而非畫像大小。因此，作者建議在進(jìn)行變革性體驗(yàn)時(shí)，應(yīng)更多關(guān)注兒童實(shí)際畫作的內(nèi)容。8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ThatfeelingofaweiswhatwecalltheOverviewEffect,afeelingmostastronautsreportwhentheyreturntoEarth,describedasatransformativeexperiencethatchangestheirviewofourplanetandhumanity-anexperiencethatbuildsasenseofunity,interconnectedness,andresponsibilityforEarth’swell-being.(這種敬畏的感覺就是我們所說的“概覽效應(yīng)”，大多數(shù)宇航員在返回地球后都會(huì)有這種感覺，這種感覺被描述為一種改變他們對我們的星球和人類的看法的變革性體驗(yàn)——這種體驗(yàn)建立了一種團(tuán)結(jié)、相互聯(lián)系和對地球福祉的責(zé)任感)”可知，概覽效應(yīng)幫助人們更深入地了解世界。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Inpreviousstudiesonadults,wefoundthatafterviewingavideotobringabouttheOverviewEffect,participantstendedtodrawasmallerself.(在之前對成年人的研究中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在觀看了一段視頻后，參與者傾向于畫一個(gè)更小的自己)”和“However,whenweappliedthismethodtochildren,weencounteredunexpectedresults.ThesizeoftheirdrawingsremainedunchangedaftertheVRexperience.(然而，當(dāng)我們將這種方法應(yīng)用到孩子身上時(shí)，卻得到了意想不到的結(jié)果。VR體驗(yàn)后，他們畫作的大小并沒有變化)”可知，成年人畫的和孩子畫的存在差異，discrepancy意為“差異”，和Difference意思相近。故選D。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Afterthejourney,theirdrawingsbecamefarmoreinsightful,filledwithvividdescriptionsindicativeofwhattheyhadlearnedduringtheVRjourney-forexample,theEarth’secology.(旅程結(jié)束后，他們的畫變得更有洞察力，充滿了生動(dòng)的描述，表明他們在VR旅程中學(xué)到了什么——例如，地球生態(tài))”可知，在VR之旅之后，孩子們的畫描述了更多細(xì)節(jié)。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“I’mnotproposingthatwereplacetestsinschoolswithchildren’sdrawings.Butwhenitcomestotransformativeexperiences,I’drecommendpayingmoreattentiontowhatchildrenactuallydraw.(我并不是建議我們用孩子們的繪畫來取代學(xué)校的考試。但當(dāng)涉及到變革性的經(jīng)歷時(shí)，我建議更多地關(guān)注孩子們實(shí)際畫的是什么)”可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是提出一種衡量兒童學(xué)習(xí)能力的方法。故選A。DGettingintoarguments,whetherwithfamilyorstrangersonline,canfeellikedebatingwithawall.Weareprobablyallguiltyofthinkingwe’reright,evenifwedon’thaveallthefacts.Thisphenomenoncalledthe“illusionofinformationadequacy”isdetailedinarecentpsychologystudy.“Interpersonalconflictisontherise,drivingincreasesinanger,anxietyandstress,”saidAngusFletcher,aneurophysiologistattheOhioStateUniversity.“Wewantedtolookintothosemisunderstandingsandseeiftheycouldbereduced.”Fletcher’steamsurveyed1,261Americansonline.Participantsweredividedintogroupsandgivenarticlesaboutafictionalfactory.Onegroupreadonlyreasonsforthefactorytomerge(合并)withanotherfactory,anotheronlyreasonsforstayingseparate,andaControlgroupreadallthearguments.Theyfoundthatthemajorityofthegroupswhoonlyreadthepro-oranti-mergingargumentsbelievedtheyhadenoughinformationtomakeagooddecision,andwouldfollowthearticle’srecommendation,whileabout55and45percentofthecontrolgrouprecommendedthefactoriesmergeorseparate.Theparticipantswiththeone-sidedinformationalsoassumedthatotherswouldmakethesamedecisiontheydid.Theteamcallsthisbelieftheillusionofinformationadequacy,asFletcherdescribesit,“Thelessourbrainknows,themoreconfidentitisthatitknowsallitneeds.”Thesefindingsaddtoresearchonnaiverealism,thebeliefthatone’ssubjectiveunderstandingisobjectivetruth.Whilenaiverealismstudiesfocusondifferentunderstandingsofthesamesituation,Fletcher’sresearchshowspeoplemaysharethesameunderstanding,ifgivensufficientinformation.Whentheparticipantsfromtheone-sidedgroupswereaskedtoreadallthearguments,somewouldchangetheirminds.Themixofopinionswascomparabletothecontrolgroup-about55to45percent.“Oneofthebestwaystofighttheillusionofinformationadequacywhendisagreeingwithsomeoneistostopandask,“IstheresomethingI’mmissingthatwouldhelpmeseetheirpointsbetter?’Thiscanhelpavoidunnecessaryinterpersonalconflict,allowingustofocusonworkingthroughkeydifferencesbetweenourselvesandothers,”saidFletcher.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.TheacademicbackgroundofAngusFletcher.BThecauseandeffectofinterpersonalconflicts.C.Theimportanceofreducingmisunderstandings.D.ThesignificanceandpurposeofFletcher’sstudy.13.Whatwereallthreegroupsaskedtododuringthestudy?A.Defendtheirownviews. B.Discussbeforemakingdecisions.C.Readtheassignedarguments. D.Recommendthebestarticle.14.WhatdoesFletcher’sresearchfind?A.Peoplewiththesameinformationmakesimilardecisions.B.Peoplefromthecontrolgrouparebetterdecision-makers.C.Peoplelessinformedaremorelikelytochangetheirminds.D.Peoplewithpartialinformationoverestimatetheirjudgments.15.WhatdoesFletchersuggestpeopledowhendisagreeingwithothers?A.Workthroughkeydifferencestogether.B.Checkforextrafactstounderstandothers.C.Stoparguingtoavoidinterpersonalconflict.D.D.Getmoreevidencetosupporttheirownpoint.【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的神經(jīng)生理學(xué)家安格斯?弗萊徹（AngusFletcher）的一項(xiàng)心理學(xué)研究，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人們存在“信息充足的錯(cuò)覺”這一現(xiàn)象，即大腦知道的越少，就越自信自己知道了所有需要知道的東西，同時(shí)研究還表明當(dāng)人們得到足夠的信息時(shí)，可能會(huì)有相同的理解，并且弗萊徹給出了應(yīng)對“信息充足的錯(cuò)覺”的建議。【12題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段““Interpersonalconflictisontherise,drivingincreasesinanger,anxietyandstress,”saidAngusFletcher,aneurophysiologistattheOhioStateUniversity.“Wewantedtolookintothosemisunderstandingsandseeiftheycouldbereduced.”(俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的神經(jīng)生理學(xué)家安格斯?弗萊徹說：“人際沖突在增加，導(dǎo)致憤怒、焦慮和壓力加劇。我們想調(diào)查這些誤解，看看是否可以減少它們)”可知，本段先說明了人際沖突增加帶來的不良影響，這體現(xiàn)了研究的意義，接著表明了想要調(diào)查并減少誤解的目的，可推理出第二段主要講的是弗萊徹研究的意義和目的。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Participantsweredividedintogroupsandgivenarticlesaboutafictionalfactory.Onegroupreadonlyreasonsforthefactorytomerge(合并)withanotherfactory,anotheronlyreasonsforstayingseparate,andaControlgroupreadallthearguments.(參與者被分成小組，并得到了關(guān)于一個(gè)虛構(gòu)工廠的文章。一組只閱讀了該工廠與另一家工廠合并的理由，另一組只閱讀了保持獨(dú)立的理由，而對照組閱讀了所有的論點(diǎn))”可知，這三組都被要求閱讀關(guān)于虛構(gòu)工廠的文章，但閱讀的是所分配給的相關(guān)論點(diǎn)，故選C項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Theyfoundthatthemajorityofthegroupswhoonlyreadthepro-oranti-mergingargumentsbelievedtheyhadenoughinformationtomakeagooddecision,andwouldfollowthearticle’srecommendation,whileabout55and45percentofthecontrolgrouprecommendedthefactoriesmergeorseparate.Theparticipantswiththeone-sidedinformationalsoassumedthatotherswouldmakethesamedecisiontheydid.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，大多數(shù)只閱讀了支持或反對合并論點(diǎn)的小組認(rèn)為他們有足夠的信息做出一個(gè)好的決定，并且會(huì)遵循文章的建議，而對照組中約55%和45%的人建議工廠合并或分開。擁有片面信息的參與者也認(rèn)為其他人會(huì)做出和他們一樣的決定)”以及第五段“Theteamcallsthisbelieftheillusionofinformationadequacy,asFletcherdescribesit,“Thelessourbrainknows,themoreconfidentitisthatitknowsallitneeds.”(研究小組稱這種信念為“信息充足的錯(cuò)覺”，正如弗萊徹所描述的那樣，“我們的大腦知道的越少，就越自信自己知道了所有需要知道的東西)”可知，只獲得片面信息的人認(rèn)為自己有足夠信息做決定，還認(rèn)為別人也會(huì)和自己做同樣的決定，可推理出得到部分信息的人高估了自己的判斷。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Oneofthebestwaystofighttheillusionofinformationadequacywhendisagreeingwithsomeoneistostopandask,“IstheresomethingI’mmissingthatwouldhelpmeseetheirpointsbetter?’Thiscanhelpavoidunnecessaryinterpersonalconflict,allowingustofocusonworkingthroughkeydifferencesbetweenourselvesandothers,”saidFletcher.(弗萊徹說：“當(dāng)與某人意見不一致時(shí)，對抗“信息充足的錯(cuò)覺”的最佳方法之一是停下來問問自己，“是否有我遺漏的東西可以幫助我更好地理解他們的觀點(diǎn)？”這可以幫助避免不必要的人際沖突，讓我們專注于解決自己和他人之間的關(guān)鍵分歧)”可知，當(dāng)與他人意見不一致時(shí)，弗萊徹建議人們檢查是否有額外的事實(shí)來理解他人。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Asanexperiencedteacher,I’vecometounderstandthegreatvalueofhands-onactivities._____16_____NoothercreatureonEarth,notevenourclosestprimate(靈長類)relatives,hashandsstructuredquitelikeours,capableofsuchprecisegraspingandcontrol._____17_____Alotofmodernlifeinvolvessimplemovements,suchastouchingscreensandpushingbuttons,andsomeexpertsbelieveourshiftawayfrommorecomplexhandactivitiescouldhaveconsequencesforhowwethinkandfeel.Thinkaboutit:you'regluedtoyourscreen,typingoutassignmentsorchattingwithfriends.Sure,that'sabigpartofhowwelivenow._____18_____Ourbrainsareactuallywiredtorespondtohandmovements.Whenyoudothingslikecookingorknitting,itgivesyouahugesenseofachievement.Researchbacksthisup.Studieshaveshownthatwhenpeople—andevenrats—dothingsthatrequireeffort,theyhandlestressbetter,solveproblemsfaster,andevenrememberthingsbetter.Forexample,ratsthathadtodigfortheirfoodwerelessstressedandbetteratsolvingproblemsthanthosethatgotfoodhandedtothem._____19_____Activitieslikegardeningandcraftingcanhelpreduceanxietyanddepression,makingyoufeelawholelotbetter.Inmyclassroom,Imakesuremystudentsgetamixoftraditionalanddigitalactivities.Iencouragethemtodothingsusingtheirhands.Thismakeslearningmorefunandhelpsthemfeelemotionallyandmentalbetter._____20_____Andyourbrainandhandswillthankyou!A.Thesamegoesforushumans.B.Thehumanhandisawonderofnature.C.Now,whydon'tyoujoinmeinanexcitingcardgame?D.Technologyisconstantlybringingnewchallengestoourhands.E.However,wearedoinglesscomplicatedhands-onworkthanweusedto.F.Butnothingbeatsthesatisfactionyougetfromdoingsomethingwithyourhands.G.Sonexttimeyoureachforascreen,considerpickingupapen,someclayorfabric.【答案】16.B17.E18.F19.A20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要講述手部活動(dòng)對大腦有好處，寫作、園藝和編織等活動(dòng)可以改善你的認(rèn)知和情緒?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“NoothercreatureonEarth,notevenourclosestprimate(靈長類)relatives,hashandsstructuredquitelikeours,capableofsuchprecisegraspingandcontrol.(地球上沒有任何其他生物，甚至連我們的近親靈長類動(dòng)物也沒有，有像我們這樣的手結(jié)構(gòu)，能夠如此精確地抓取和控制)”可知，地球上沒有任何其他生物有像我們這樣的手結(jié)構(gòu)，B項(xiàng)“人的手是大自然的奇跡”符合語境。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Alotofmodernlifeinvolvessimplemovements,suchastouchingscreensandpushingbuttons,andsomeexpertsbelieveourshiftawayfrommorecomplexhandactivitiescouldhaveconsequencesforhowwethinkandfeel.(許多現(xiàn)代生活涉及簡單的動(dòng)作，如觸摸屏幕和按按鈕，一些專家認(rèn)為，我們從更復(fù)雜的手部活動(dòng)的轉(zhuǎn)變可能會(huì)對我們的思維和感覺方式產(chǎn)生影響)”可知，我們從更復(fù)雜的手部活動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)代生活涉及的簡單動(dòng)作，E項(xiàng)“然而，我們比以前做的更少了復(fù)雜的動(dòng)手工作”符合語境。故選E?！?8題詳解】上文“Thinkaboutit:you’regluedtoyourscreen,typingoutassignmentsorchattingwithfriends.Sure,that’sabigpartofhowwelivenow.(想想看：你目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地盯著屏幕，打出或者和朋友聊天。當(dāng)然，這是我們現(xiàn)在生活方式的重要組成部分)”提到現(xiàn)代生活人們通常目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地盯著屏幕，打出任務(wù)或者和朋友聊天，下文“Ourbrainsareactuallywiredtorespondtohandmovements.Whenyoudothingslikecookingorknitting,itgivesyouahugesenseofachievement.(實(shí)際上，我們的大腦會(huì)對手部運(yùn)動(dòng)做出反應(yīng)。當(dāng)你做烹飪或編織這樣的事情時(shí)，它會(huì)給你一種巨大的成就感)”提到手工任務(wù)會(huì)給人一種巨大的成就感，故空處應(yīng)是表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)手的意義，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“沒有什么能比親手做某事更令人滿意的了”符合語境。故選F?！?9題詳解】上文“Forexample,ratsthathadtodigfortheirfoodwerelessstressedandbetteratsolvingproblemsthanthosethatgotfoodhandedtothem.(例如，與那些直接得到食物的老鼠相比，必須自己挖食物的老鼠壓力更小，解決問題的能力也更強(qiáng))”以老鼠為例說明自己動(dòng)手壓力更小，下文“Activitieslikegardeningandcraftingcanhelpreduceanxietyanddepression,makingyoufeelawholelotbetter.(像園藝和手工這樣的活動(dòng)可以幫助減少焦慮和抑郁，讓你感覺好多了)”提到園藝和手工這樣的活動(dòng)可以幫助人減少焦慮和抑郁，故空處應(yīng)是起過度作用，從動(dòng)物過度到人，A項(xiàng)“這同樣適用于我們?nèi)祟悺狈险Z境。故選A?！?0題詳解】上文“Iencouragethemtodothingsusingtheirhands.Thismakeslearningmorefunandhelpsthemfeelemotionallyandmentalbetter.(我鼓勵(lì)他們用雙手做事。這讓學(xué)習(xí)變得更有趣，并幫助他們在情感和精神上感覺更好)”提到鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生動(dòng)手在精神方面的好處，結(jié)合下文“Andyourbrainandhandswillthankyou!(你的大腦和雙手會(huì)感謝你的)”可知，空處應(yīng)是呼吁自己動(dòng)手做些事情，G項(xiàng)“所以下次你拿屏幕的時(shí)候，考慮拿一支筆，一些粘土或織物”符合語境。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Today,Ivisitedmybanktoputachequeintomyaccount.Theprocesswasstraightforward,butIdecidedto___21___thedetailswiththetellertoavoidanyissues.Theteller,apparentlyanewemployee,was___22___aboutthesteps.Hecalledhismanagerforassistance.Themanagerpatientlyexplainedeverythingtome,whichItruly___23___.However,duringtheexplanation,Inoticedthatthetellerwas___24___withsomethingelseanddidn’tpayattentiontohismanager’s___25___.Themanageralsodidn’turgehimtolistencarefullyandunderstandthe___26___.___27___onthesituation,Irealizedthatthemanagerfailedtouseapreventivemethod.Thismight___28___theteller’saskingforhelpagaininthefuture,causingthemanagerto___29___leavehisdesktomanagethesameissues.Thiswould____30____hisroutineworkandwastehisprecioustime,whichcould____31____bebetterspentonhiscoreduties.Iftherootcauseoftheproblemisnotsolved,itwillpotentiallyaffectcustomer____32____.Thissituationremindedmeofasaying,“Teachamantofish,andyoufeedhimforalifetime.”Itemphasizesthesignificanceofenablingpeopletohandletasks____33____ofexternalassistance.The____34____ofhavingaclearvisionisevidentinthiscase.Itinvolvesanticipatingfutureneedsandmakingtherightmovestoaddressthem.Thus,weshouldbeginwiththe____35____inmind,planningforlong-termsuccess.21.A.negotiate B.confirm C.describe D.share22.A.unsure B.concerned C.curious D.careful23.A.cared B.believed C.respected D.appreciated24.A.confused B.satisfied C.occupied D.excited25.A.requirements B.warnings C.suggestions D.instructions26.A.lesson B.arrangement C.procedure D.conversation27.A.Focusing B.Counting C.Working D.Reflecting28.A.referto B.leadto C.resultfrom D.benefitfrom29.A.repeatedly B.patiently C.quickly D.regularly30.A.complicate B.interrupt C.reduce D.control31.A.otherwise B.still C.therefore D.merely32.A.image B.response C.satisfaction D.engagement33.A.hesitant B.ignorant C.tolerant D.independent34.A.importance B.desire C.principle D.ambition35.A.case B.task C.end D.saying【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.D26.B27.D28.B29.A30.B31.A32.C33.D34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者在銀行辦理支票存款時(shí)遇到的一位新柜員因不熟悉流程而需要經(jīng)理協(xié)助的經(jīng)歷，以及由此引發(fā)的對管理方法和長遠(yuǎn)規(guī)劃的思考?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：辦理過程很簡單，但我還是決定和出納員確認(rèn)一下細(xì)節(jié)，以避免出現(xiàn)任何問題。A.negotiate協(xié)商；B.confirm確認(rèn)；C.describe描述；D.share分享。根據(jù)下文“thedetailswiththetellertoavoidanyissues”可知，作者和出納確認(rèn)細(xì)節(jié)，以免出現(xiàn)問題。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：出納員顯然是一名新員工，對這些步驟不太確定。A.unsure不確定的；B.concerned擔(dān)憂的；C.curious好奇的；D.careful仔細(xì)的。根據(jù)上文“apparentlyanewemployee”可知，因?yàn)槌黾{員是新來的，所以不確定這些步驟。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)理耐心地向我解釋了一切，我非常感激。A.cared關(guān)心；B.believed相信；C.respected尊敬；D.appreciated感激。根據(jù)上文“Themanagerpatientlyexplainedeverythingtome”可知，經(jīng)理給作者耐心解釋，作者應(yīng)該表示感激。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在解釋過程中，我注意到出納員忙于其他事情，沒有注意經(jīng)理的指示。A.confused困惑的；B.satisfied滿意的；C.occupied忙的；D.excited興奮的。前面的However表轉(zhuǎn)折，因此出納忙其他事情去了，沒聽經(jīng)理說什么。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在解釋過程中，我注意到出納員忙于其他事情，沒有注意經(jīng)理的指示。A.requirements要求；B.warnings警告；C.suggestions建議；D.instructions指示。根據(jù)上文“withsomethingelseanddidn’tpayattentiontohismanager’s”可知，新來的出納忙其他事情去了，所以沒有聽經(jīng)理的指示。故選D。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)理也沒有催促他仔細(xì)聽，理解安排。A.lesson課；B.arrangement安排；C.procedure程序；D.conversation對話。根據(jù)上文“Themanageralsodidn’turgehimtolistencarefullyandunderstand”可知，經(jīng)理沒有催促出納，而是理解這個(gè)安排。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：回想起這個(gè)情況，我意識(shí)到經(jīng)理沒有采用預(yù)防性的方法。A.Focusing使集中；B.Counting數(shù)數(shù)；C.Working工作；D.Reflecting回想。根據(jù)下文“Irealizedthatthemanagerfailedtouseapreventivemethod”可知，作者是回想起這個(gè)情況，然后才意識(shí)到了問題。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致出納員在未來再次尋求幫助，導(dǎo)致經(jīng)理多次離開辦公桌去處理同樣的問題。A.referto提到；B.leadto導(dǎo)致；C.resultfrom由……引起；D.benefitfrom從……中獲益。根據(jù)下文“theteller’saskingforhelpagaininthefuture”可知，出納沒有聽經(jīng)理的指示，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致出納將來還會(huì)再次尋求幫助。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致出納員在未來再次尋求幫助，導(dǎo)致經(jīng)理多次離開辦公桌去處理同樣的問題。A.repeatedly反復(fù)地；B.patiently耐心地；C.quickly快地；D.regularly定期地。根據(jù)下文“tomanagethesameissues”可知，此處表示反復(fù)地去處理同樣的問題。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這將打斷他的日常工作，浪費(fèi)他寶貴的時(shí)間，否則這些時(shí)間可以更好地花在他的核心工作上。A.complicate使復(fù)雜化；B.interrupt打斷；C.reduce減少；D.control控制。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)eavehisdesktomanagethesameissues”可知，反復(fù)離開他的桌子，就會(huì)打斷他的日常工作。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這將打斷他日常工作，浪費(fèi)他寶貴的時(shí)間，否則這些時(shí)間可以更好地花在他的核心工作上。A.otherwise否則；B.still仍然；C.therefore因此；D.merely僅僅。根據(jù)下文“bebetterspentonhiscoreduties”可知，反復(fù)地從桌子上起來，打斷他的日常工作，浪費(fèi)他寶貴的時(shí)間，否則這些時(shí)間可以更好地花在他的核心工作上。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果問題的根本原因沒有得到解決，它將潛在地影響客戶滿意度。A.image圖像；B.response回答；C.satisfaction滿意；D.engagement約會(huì)，約定。根據(jù)上文“Iftherootcauseoftheproblemisnotsolved,itwillpotentiallyaffectcustomer”可知，如果解決不了根本的問題，那就會(huì)影響客戶的滿意度。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它強(qiáng)調(diào)使人們能夠獨(dú)立于外部援助處理任務(wù)的重要性。A.hesitant猶豫的；B.ignorant忽視的；C.tolerant寬容的；D.independent獨(dú)立的。根據(jù)上文“Teachamantofish,andyoufeedhimforalifetime”可知，“授人以魚不如授人以漁”強(qiáng)調(diào)的是使人們能夠獨(dú)立于外部援助處理任務(wù)的重要性。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這種情況下，擁有清晰愿景的原則是顯而易見的。A.importance重要性；B.desire渴望；C.principle原則；D.ambition抱負(fù)。根據(jù)下文“havingaclearvisionisevidentinthiscase”可知，擁有清晰愿景的原則是顯而易見的。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我們應(yīng)該從這句話開始，為長期的成功做計(jì)劃。A.case具體情況；B.task任務(wù)；C.end結(jié)尾；D.saying話，格言。根據(jù)上文““Teachamantofish,andyoufeedhimforalifetime.””可知，我們要記住這句話。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題:每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheChinaWildlifeImageandVideoCompetition,hostedbytheChineseNationalGeography,haslo