黑龍江省齊齊哈爾2025屆高三下學(xué)期一模英語試題 含解析

英語試卷考試時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分：150分注意事項(xiàng)：1．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．WhatisthebestpartofMike’shomework?A．Thegrammar.B．Thehandwriting.C．Thestory.2．Whoprobablypickedthewoman’speaches?A．Herson.B．ThemanC．Herneighbor.3．WhydoesJimrefusetogocamping?A．Hepreferstostayathome.B．Hehasaprojecttofinish.C．Heneedstopreparepotatoes.4．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Bossandsecretary.B．Receptionistandpatient.C．Doctorandnurse.5．Whatdidthewomandotoday?A．Shewentshopping.B．Shetookabushome.C．Shehadheryogaclass.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6．Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A．Thebusstation.B．Thecitycenter.C．TheCityBank.7．Howwillthewomangettoherfinaldestination?A．Onfool.B．Bytrain.C．Bytaxi.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至第10三個(gè)小題。8．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．OnthephoneB．Inthebank.C．Atthehospital.9．Whomightbethewoman?A．Apoliceofficer.B．Anurse.C．Acheat.10．Whathappenedexactly?A．Therewasacaraccidentinthemorning.B．Themandidn’thavecashwithhim.C．Thewomancalledawrongnumber.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第11至第13三個(gè)小題。11．Whataretheytalkingabout?A．Anewmovie.B．Afamousactor.C．Atreasurehuntadventure.12．Whatdoesthewomanlikebest?A．Thevisualeffect.B．Theplot.C．Thecast.13．Whydoesthemandecidetoseethemovie?A．BecauseofTomJohnson.B．Becauseofthewoman.C．BecauseofMichaelWilson.聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第14至第16三個(gè)小題。14．Whatdidthewomanthinklackedfreshness?A．Thefish.B．Therolls.C．Themisosoup.15．Whatwastheproblemwiththetofusushi?A．Itwasnotfresh.B．Ithadaweirdtaste.C．Ittastedlikewater.16．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodolater?A．Gobacktothecompany.B．Gototheirusualsushiplace.C．Havesomedesserttomakeup.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17．WherecanyoubuyticketsforUniversalStudiosBeijing?A．Fromadiningoutlet.B．FromtheFastPasssystems.C．Fromtheofficialwebsite.18．WhatisnecessaryforyoutobringifyouvisitUniversalStudios?A．Apairofsneakers.B．Sunglasses.C．Thepark’sregulations.19．Whatisforbiddeninthepark?A．Outsidedrinks.B．Smoking.C．Snacks.20．Whatcanhelpsavesometimeinqueues?A．Buyingticketsonline.B．Wearingappropriatefootwear.C．Makinguseoffastpasses第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheebikehasbecomeanessentialitem,andeventheKinghasbeenspottedridingone.AccordingtothemarketresearchcompanyMintel,saleshavealmosttripledoverthepastfiveyears.Whileebikeshavebecomeincreasinglycommonplace,theyarestillundeniablyexpensive.Youcanpickupaperfectlyadequatepushbikefor￡300,butmostebikescostnearly￡2,000.Now,CyclingElectric,designedtohelpconsumerschooseanebike,offersthefollowingrecommendations.BestfoldingbikeCarboModelXPrice:￡2,799|Weight:13.3kgRange:upto34milesThisisoneofthemostconvenientbikes,fromalittle-knownlabel.ThelightweightCarboXistheperfectexampleofconveniencethankstoitscarbonframeandbeltdrive,insteadofametalbikechain.ThismakesitlighterandlesslikelytogetmessythananelectricBrompton,withitsmoretraditional,oilychain.MoststylishTempleCyclesClassicPrice:from￡2,995|Weight:19kgRange:upto74milesThisBristol-basedbrandisknownforitselegantpushbikes,whicharehand-builtinthecity.Thisisitselectricversion.It’saverysleekandfunctionalcommuteroptionandnottooheavy.Templeshavefewerproprietary(品牌專賣的)partsandsoareserviceableinanybikeshop.Stylishastheymaybe,theVanMoofsandtheCowboyscanbeabitmorecomplextogetback-upandservice.Themoney-no-objectoptionRiese&MüllerNevo4GTVarioGXPrice:￡5,380|Weight:28.4kgRange:upto93milesThisisaprimeexampleoftheattentiontodetaildeliveringahigh-qualityexperienceinfunctionality,comfortandpracticality—ifyoucanaffordit.Ithasthecapacitytohandle25kgofluggageinapannier,powerfulroadlightsandabeautifullysmoothmotor.1.WhatistheadvantageoftheTemplesoverotherstylishebikebrands?A.Theyaremorelightweight. B.Theyhavemorefunctions.C.Theyhaveeasieraccesstoservice. D.Theyaremorecomfortable.2.Whichebikewillaconsumerprobablychoose,whocaresmostaboutanexcellentexperience?A.CarboModelX. B.TheVanMoofsandtheCowboys.C.TempleCyclesClassic. D.Riese&MüllerNevo4GTVarioGX.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anonlinepost. B.Amagazinecolumn.C.Amarketresearchreport. D.Anofficialdocument.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是CyclingElectric推薦的三款電動(dòng)自行車?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二款自行車介紹部分的“Templeshavefewerproprietary(品牌專賣的)partsandsoareserviceableinanybikeshop.Stylishastheymaybe,theVanMoofsandtheCowboyscanbeabitmorecomplextogetback-upandservice.(Temples的專用部件較少，因此在任何自行車商店都可以維修。盡管VanMoofs和Cowboys可能很時(shí)髦，但要獲得支持和服務(wù)可能會(huì)有點(diǎn)復(fù)雜。)”可知，Temples比其他時(shí)尚的電動(dòng)自行車品牌的優(yōu)勢(shì)是它們更容易獲得服務(wù)。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一款車的介紹部分的“Thisisaprimeexampleoftheattentiontodetaildeliveringahigh-qualityexperienceinfunctionality,comfortandpracticality—ifyoucanaffordit.(如果你能負(fù)擔(dān)得起的話，這是一個(gè)注重細(xì)節(jié)，在功能、舒適和實(shí)用性方面提供高質(zhì)量體驗(yàn)的典型例子。)”可知，最關(guān)心良好的體驗(yàn)的消費(fèi)者會(huì)選擇Riese&MüllerNevo4GTVarioGX。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Now,CyclingElectric,designedtohelpconsumerschooseanebike,offersthefollowingrecommendations.(現(xiàn)在，旨在幫助消費(fèi)者選擇電動(dòng)自行車的CyclingElectric提供了以下建議。)”可知，主要介紹的是CyclingElectric推薦的三款電動(dòng)自行車，因此很可能是來自于一個(gè)雜志專欄。故選B。BWithlightbrowneyesandjet-blackhair,mymomismyfavoritehelloandmostdifficultgoodbye.ForaslongasIcanremember,shehasbeenmyidol.Whileworkingasajudge,sheisinpursuitofjusticeforothers.Asamother,friend,andwoman,however,sheshowsasofterside.Heractionsshowsensitivity,optimism,andkindnessunlikeanyotherIhaveeverknown.Asanonlychild,Ineverreceivedthegiftofasibling(兄弟姐妹)withwhomIcouldsharelaughs,secrets,orknowingglancesfromacrossaroom.TheolderI’vegot,themoreIhaverealizedIneverneededasibling,anyway.Backhome,mymomandIwouldwakeandhaveaquickbreakfasttogether,andleaveforJerseyCity—sheisofftoworkandIwenttoschool.Regardlessofcoldweather,heavytraffic,ormyanxiousstomachachepriortoadayofexams,wealwayshadfun.Shewouldtelljokesandwewouldlaugh.Withherinfectioussmileandconfidentattitude,mymommanagedtoturneverysadmorningofmineintoabetterday.NowthatIamatRochester,weareseparatedbynearly400milesofslopinghighway.Inolongerhavethechanceoflookingoutofaclassroomwindowandseeingherofficebuildingstandingtallamileaway.Movingawayfromhomewasamajorshift—andnotjustbecauseofmynewsuburbanrentedroom,minimizedfoodoptions,andmuchbitterwinters.WhenIammissingmymomespecially,IrecallthewordsshetoldmewhenIwouldcryasayounggirl:alinefromherfavoritepoem,byauthorE.E.Cummings.“Icarryyourheartwithme;Icarryitinmyheart,”she’dsmile,wipingawaymytears.AsIreflectuponthatsentence,IcanseethatthereisapieceofmymomwithmewhereverIgo.Iguessthose400milesbetweenthetwoofusisn’tsodistant,afterall.4.Whatkindofpersonistheauthor’smother?A.Sheisaconsideraterolemodel. B.Sheisapopularpoet.C.Sheisahumorouscomedian. D.Sheisastrictjudge.5.Whydidtheauthorsaysheneverneededasibling?A.Shedidn’tlikesiblings. B.Shedidn’twanttosharearoom.C.Shewasoldenoughtolivealone. D.Shewascontentwithhermother’scompany.6.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor’slifeatRochester?A.Itisdisturbing. B.Itistough. C.Itisunbearable. D.Itistolerant.7.Whatisthemainideaforthetext?A.Funlifeofmymother. B.Poemsformymotherandme.C.Praiseformyrelationshipwithmymother. D.Memoryofmyseparatedmotherandme.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者回憶與分離兩地的母親相處的點(diǎn)滴及思念?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Withlightbrowneyesandjet-blackhair,mymomismyfavoritehelloandmostdifficultgoodbye.ForaslongasIcanremember,shehasbeenmyidol.(我的媽媽有著淺棕色的眼睛和烏黑的頭發(fā)，她是我最喜歡的問候和最難以離別的人。從我記事起，她就是我的偶像。在擔(dān)任法官期間，她致力于為他人伸張正義。)”、“Heractionsshowsensitivity,optimism,andkindnessunlikeanyotherIhaveeverknown.(她的行為表現(xiàn)出敏感、樂觀和善良，與我所認(rèn)識(shí)的任何人都不一樣。)”和第三段“Regardlessofcoldweather,heavytraffic,ormyanxiousstomachachepriortoadayofexams,wealwayshadfun.Shewouldtelljokesandwewouldlaugh.Withherinfectioussmileandconfidentattitude,mymommanagedtoturneverysadmorningofmineintoabetterday.(不管天氣寒冷、交通擁擠，也不管考試前我的胃痛，我們總是玩得很開心。她會(huì)講笑話，我們會(huì)笑。媽媽用她富有感染力的微笑和自信的態(tài)度，把我每個(gè)悲傷的早晨都變成了美好的一天。)”可知，作者的母親是不僅僅是母親，是一位善解人意、體貼的榜樣。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Regardlessofcoldweather,heavytraffic,ormyanxiousstomachachepriortoadayofexams,wealwayshadfun.Shewouldtelljokesandwewouldlaugh.Withherinfectioussmileandconfidentattitude,mymommanagedtoturneverysadmorningofmineintoabetterday.(不管天氣寒冷、交通擁擠，也不管考試前我的胃痛，我們總是玩得很開心。她會(huì)講笑話，我們會(huì)笑。媽媽用她富有感染力的微笑和自信的態(tài)度，把我每個(gè)悲傷的早晨都變成了美好的一天。)”可推斷，作者說她從不需要兄弟姐妹，是因?yàn)樗龑?duì)母親的陪伴很滿意。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Movingawayfromhomewasamajorshift—andnotjustbecauseofmynewsuburbanrentedroom,minimizedfoodoptions,andmuchbitterwinters.(離開家是一個(gè)重大的轉(zhuǎn)變——不僅僅是因?yàn)槲以诮紖^(qū)租了一間新房子，食物選擇少了，冬天也更苦了。)”可推斷，作者在Rochester的生活艱難。故選B。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章主要講的是作者和她媽媽之間的和諧關(guān)系，她非常喜歡這種關(guān)系并受到這種關(guān)系的積極影響。C項(xiàng)“Praiseformyrelationshipwithmymother.(贊美我和媽媽的關(guān)系。)”適合作本文大意。故選C。CIntoday’smotivationalliterature,failureisoftenviewedassomethingtobecelebrated.InspirationalspeakersarefondofquotingthewordsofthenovelistSamuelBeckett—“Tryagain.Failagain.Failbetter.”Itseemsthatdisappointmentsareanessentialsteppingstonetosuccess,aturningpointinourlifestorythatwillultimatelyendinvictory.Nevertheless,psychologicalresearchesfindmostofusstruggletohandlefailureconstructively.Inotherwords,wefailto“failforward”.Wefindwaystodevalue(貶低)thetaskatwhichwefailed,andbecomelessmotivatedtopersevereandreachourgoals.Thisphenomenonisknownasthe“sour-grapeeffect”,whichwasdiscoveredbyProfessorHallgeirSj?stad.Sj?stadexplainsthatthe“sour-grapeeffect”isaself-protectivemechanism(機(jī)制).“Mostotuspictureourselvesascompetentpeople,sowhenexternalfeedback(反饋)suggestsotherwise,itposesaseriousthreattothatself-image,”hesays.“Theeasiestwayoutistodenyorexplainawaytheexternalsignal,sowecanreducetheinconsistencyandpreserveapositivesenseofself.Wedothisevenwithoutnoticing.”Ifyouhaveonebadinterviewforyourdreamjob,youmightconvinceyourselfthatyoudon’treallywantitatall,andstopapplyingforsimilarpositions.Thesamegoesifyoufailtoimpressatasportstrial,orifapublisherrejectsthefirstsubmissionofyourmanuscript.“Wetendtoexplainawayourshortcomingsandconvinceourselvesour‘PlanC’isactuallyour‘PlanA’,”Sj?stadsays.Itdoesn’tmeanweshouldpersevereingoalsallthetime.Itcanbehealthytochangeambitionsiftheprocessisnolongermakingushappy.Butthe“sour-grapeeffect”mayleadustocometothisdecisionprematurely,ratherthanhangingonalittleandseeingwhetherwemightlearnandimprove.Failuresareunavoidable.Bylearningtofacethedisappointmentinsteadofdevaluingitsimportanceandpretendingnothinghashappened,youmayfinditeasiertoachieveyourgoals.8.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3aboutthe“sour-grapeeffect”?A.Itprotectsusfromfalsefeedback. B.Itpicturesusascompetitivepeople.C.Itposesaseverethreattotheself-image. D.Itdeniesnegativefeedbacktoourselves.9.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsfailure?A.Short-sighted. B.Wait-and-see. C.Objective. D.Skeptical.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prematurely”inParagraph5mean?A.Unhappily. B.Mistakenly. C.Hurriedly. D.Carelessly.11Whichstatementwouldtheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A.Don’tescapewhenourself-imageisbroken.B.Don’tquitwhengoalsnolongermakeyouhappy.C.Neverhesitatetoreplace“PlanA”with“PlanC”.D.Neverforgettomaintainapositivesenseofself.【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了失敗在個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)中的作用，特別是“酸葡萄效應(yīng)”如何影響我們面對(duì)失敗的態(tài)度，并提出了如何更積極地應(yīng)對(duì)失敗的建議?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Mostofuspictureourselvesascompetentpeople,sowhenexternalfeedbacksuggestsotherwise,itposesaseriousthreattothatself-image.Theeasiestwayoutistodenyorexplainawaytheexternalsignal,sowecanreducetheinconsistencyandpreserveapositivesenseofself.(我們大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為自己是有能力的人，所以當(dāng)外部反饋與此相反時(shí)，這對(duì)我們的自我形象構(gòu)成了嚴(yán)重威脅。最簡(jiǎn)單的解決辦法是否認(rèn)或解釋掉外部信號(hào)，以減少不一致性，保持積極的自我意識(shí))”可推知，“酸葡萄效應(yīng)”是一種否認(rèn)負(fù)面反饋的自我保護(hù)機(jī)制。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Itdoesn’tmeanweshouldpersevereingoalsallthetime.Itcanbehealthytochangeambitionsiftheprocessisnolongermakingushappy.(這并不意味著我們應(yīng)該一直堅(jiān)持目標(biāo)。如果這個(gè)過程不再讓我們感到快樂，那么改變雄心壯志可能是健康的。)”和最后一段“Failuresareunavoidable.Bylearningtofacethedisappointmentinsteadofdevaluingitsimportanceandpretendingnothinghashappened,youmayfinditeasiertoachieveyourgoals.(失敗是不可避免的。學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)失望，而不是貶低它的重要性，假裝什么都沒發(fā)生，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更容易實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo))”可知，作者認(rèn)為失敗是不可避免的，有時(shí)候我們要面對(duì)失敗。由此可推知，作者從正反兩方面來對(duì)待失敗，所以說作者對(duì)待失敗的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五5段中的“Butthe“sour-grapeeffect”mayleadustocometothisdecision...,ratherthanhangingonalittleandseeingwhetherwemightlearnandimprove.(但“酸葡萄效應(yīng)”可能讓我們……做出這個(gè)決定，而不是再堅(jiān)持一下，看看我們是否能夠?qū)W習(xí)和改進(jìn)。)”可推知，“酸葡萄效應(yīng)”不是讓我們?cè)賵?jiān)持一下，看看我們是否能夠?qū)W習(xí)和改進(jìn)，由此可推斷，“酸葡萄效應(yīng)”可能讓我們匆忙做出這個(gè)決定，所以劃線詞的意思是“匆忙地”。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Bylearningtofacethedisappointmentinsteadofdevaluingitsimportanceandpretendingnothinghashappened,youmayfinditeasiertoachieveyourgoals.(通過學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)失望，而不是貶低其重要性并假裝什么都沒發(fā)生，你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更容易實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo))”可推知，作者認(rèn)為我們不應(yīng)逃避自我形象被打破的情況。故選A。DAnewstudyfoundpeoplegrowingupinruralareashavebetternavigation(導(dǎo)航)skillsthanthoseraisedincitiesandthatpeoplewhosehomecitieshavegridlayouts(網(wǎng)格布局)areslightlybetteratnavigatingsimilarlyorganisedstreets,despitehavingpoorerperformanceoverall.Thestudyinvolvednearly4,000,000participantsfrom38countrieswhoplayedSeaHeroQuest(SHQ),agamerequiringthemtonavigateaboatinavirtualenvironmenttofindtheplacesmarkedonamap.Theresearchersfoundthatwherepeoplegrewupinfluencedtheirperformanceinthegame,whiletheirpresentlivingplacedidnotaffecttheirscores.Theresearcherscomparedthehomecitiesoftheparticipantsbyanalysingthe“l(fā)ack-of-order”stateofthestreetnetworks,tomeasurethecomplexityofthelayouts.Peoplewhosehometown’sstreetlayoutsweremoreorderedlikeNewYorkwereworseatplayingSHQ.ThosefromcitieswithlessorderedstreetlayoutslikePragueperformedonlyslightlyworsethanthosefromruralareas.Totestifpeoplefromcitiescouldmoreeffectivelyfindtherightdirectioninenvironmentssimilartowheretheygrewup,theresearchersdevelopedacity-themedversionofSHQ,calledCHQ,requiringparticipantstodrivedownthestreetsinavirtualenvironmentfromsimplegridstomorewindingstreetlayouts.Peoplegrowingupincitieswithgridlayoutswereslightlybetteratnavigatinginsimilarenvironments,althoughthedifferencewasnotassignificantastheirperformanceinSHQ.TheSHQprojectwasdesignedtoaidAlzheimer’sresearch.ProfessorMichaelHornbergersaid,“Lackofspatial(空間的)navigationisakeyAlzheimer’ssymptomintheearlystagesofthedisease.WeareseekingtousetheknowledgelearnedfromSHQtodevelopbetterdiseasemonitoringtools.”DrSusanKohlhaasalsosaid,“Thankstotheamazingresponse,wehavebeenabletocollectdatafromoverfourmillionplayers.Ifwe’retounderstandAlzheimer’s,it’svitalthatwehaveparticipationfromasmanypeopleaspossiblewithdiversebackgroundsandexperiences.”12.Whatisthefindingofthestudy?A.Streetpatternsingamesarevitaltoone’sperformance.B.Peopleraisedincitieshaveagoodsenseofdirection.C.Growingupinruralareasimprovesnavigationskills.D.One’spresentlivingplaceaffectstheirnavigationskills.13.Whatdidtheparticipantsdointhegame?A.Theydrewtheirownmapsofplacesinavirtualenvironment.B.Theycarriedoutataskoffindingthemarkedplace.C.Theymarkedsomeplacesonamaptonavigateaboat.D.Theyplayedgamesagainsteachothertomarkthemap.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSHQfromParagraph3?A.It’sharderthanCHQforthosefromcities.B.ResearchersdevelopeditbasedonCHQ.C.ItevaluatesnavigationskillsbetterthanCHQ.D.PlayersfromNewYorkdidbetterthanthosefromPrague.15.WhydoesDrSusanKohlhaasacknowledgetheproject?A.IthelpsAlzheimer’spatientsplaySHQ.B.Ithelpspeoplegainnavigationskills.C.IthelpsgetabetterknowledgeofAlzheimer’s.DIthelpsspotAlzheimer’satanearlystage.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在鄉(xiāng)村長(zhǎng)大的人比在城市長(zhǎng)大的人有更好的空間導(dǎo)航能力，而盡管在城市長(zhǎng)大的人空間導(dǎo)航能力總體上略差，但如果他們的城市是網(wǎng)格布局，他們?cè)陬愃朴行虻慕值乐袑?dǎo)航能力會(huì)相對(duì)有所改善?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Anewstudyfoundpeoplegrowingupinruralareashavebetternavigation(導(dǎo)航)skillsthanthoseraisedincities(一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在農(nóng)村長(zhǎng)大的人比在城市長(zhǎng)大的人擁有更好的航海技能)”可知，在鄉(xiāng)村長(zhǎng)大會(huì)提高人的空間導(dǎo)航能力。故選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thestudyinvolvednearly4,000,000participantsfrom38countrieswhoplayedSeaHeroQuest(SHQ),agamerequiringthemtonavigateaboatinavirtualenvironmenttofindtheplacesmarkedonamap.(這項(xiàng)研究調(diào)查了來自38個(gè)國(guó)家的近400萬參與者，他們參與了“海上英雄任務(wù)”（SeaHeroQuest，SHQ）的游戲，該游戲要求他們?cè)谔摂M環(huán)境中駕駛船只，找到地圖上標(biāo)記的地點(diǎn)。)”可知，參與者要完成找到地圖標(biāo)記地點(diǎn)的任務(wù)。故選B。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Peoplewhosehometown’sstreetlayoutsweremoreorderedlikeNewYorkwereworseatplayingSHQ.ThosefromcitieswithlessorderedstreetlayoutslikePragueperformedonlyslightlyworsethanthosefromruralareas.Totestifpeoplefromcitiescouldmoreeffectivelyfindtherightdirectioninenvironmentssimilartowheretheygrewup,theresearchersdevelopedacity-themedversionofSHQ,calledCHQ,requiringparticipantstodrivedownthestreetsinavirtualenvironmentfromsimplegridstomorewindingstreetlayouts.(那些家鄉(xiāng)的街道布局更有序的人們，比如紐約，在玩SHQ的時(shí)候表現(xiàn)得更差。那些來自布拉格這樣街道布局不那么井然有序的城市的人的表現(xiàn)只比來自農(nóng)村地區(qū)的人稍差一點(diǎn)。為了測(cè)試來自城市的人們是否能夠更有效地在與他們成長(zhǎng)環(huán)境相似的環(huán)境中找到正確的方向，研究人員開發(fā)了一個(gè)城市主題版本的SHQ，稱為CHQ，要求參與者在一個(gè)虛擬環(huán)境中駕車行駛，從簡(jiǎn)單的網(wǎng)格到更加曲折的街道布局。)”可知，出生在屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)布局城市的人玩CHQ時(shí)有可能表現(xiàn)略好于其他參與者，但在玩SHQ時(shí)表現(xiàn)最差。由此可知相比于CHQ，SHQ對(duì)來自城市的人來說更難。故選A。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thankstotheamazingresponse,wehavebeenabletocollectdatafromoverfourmillionplayers.Ifwe’retounderstandAlzheimer’s,it’svitalthatwehaveparticipationfromasmanypeopleaspossiblewithdiversebackgroundsandexperiences(由于這些驚人的反應(yīng)，我們已經(jīng)能夠從超過400萬玩家那里收集數(shù)據(jù)。如果我們要了解阿爾茨海默氏癥，我們就必須讓盡可能多的具有不同背景和經(jīng)歷的人參與進(jìn)來)”可知，DrSusanKohlhaas認(rèn)可SHQ項(xiàng)目是因?yàn)樗峁┝舜罅康臄?shù)據(jù)，能幫助研究者更好地了解阿爾茨海默病。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FiveTipstoBoostYourSelf-ConfidenceThefollowingtipsmighthelpboostyourself-confidencesoyoucanfeelmorecomfortablewithwhomyouare.____16____Sometimespeople’scriticismcanbesevere,butourcriticismofourselvesislikelythehardest.Weallknowthatnooneisperfect,yetmostpeopletendtoexpectmorefromthemselvesthanisrealistic.Tostopthishabit,itmayhelptowritedownallyourstrengthsandremindyourselfofthemeachtimeyoubegintocriticizeyourself.Thinkaboutwhatmakesyoufeelattractive.Makealistofthingsthatmakeyouattractive.Youmightbeginwithqualitiesthatmakeyouagoodfriend,parent,orco-worker.____17____Setgoalsforyourself.____18____Youdon’thavetosetlargegoals;youmightbeginwithsmallgoalsthatyoucaneasilyachieve.Itmaybehelpfultokeepalistoftheaccomplishments(成績(jī)，成就)thathavemadeyoufeelproud.Youcanusethislistasamotivationtogetyoutoachieveyourbiggergoals.Begratefulandhelpful.Doinggoodthingsforotherscanmakeusfeelgoodaboutourselves.Thesmallestgestures,likesmilingorholdingthedoorforsomeone,canmakeabigdifferencetosomeone.____19____Beingabletomakeapositivedifferenceforsomeonemaymakeyoufeelgoodandimproveyourself-image.Dosomethingbraveonceaweek.Itcanbefrighteningtoputourselvesoutthere,butsometimestheriskcanbeworththereward.____20____Youcansimplydosomethingtostepoutofyourcomfortzone.Perhapsyoumighttalktothatpersonyou’reinterestedin.A.Avoidcriticizingothers.B.Focusonstrengths,notself-criticism.C.Takesmallstepstoboostyourconfidence.DYoucanalsoconsidertakinganactiveroleinvolunteering.E.Achievinggoalsisonewaytofeelaccomplishedandconfident.F.Then,youmightlistsomeofthephysicalfeaturesthatmakeyouunique.G.Takingrisksdoesn’tnecessarilymeangoingbungee(蹦極)jumpingormountainclimbing.【答案】16.B17.F18.E19.D20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了提高自信的五個(gè)建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Tostopthishabit,itmayhelptowritedownallyourstrengthsandremindyourselfofthemeachtimeyoubegintocriticizeyourself.（要改掉這個(gè)習(xí)慣，寫下你所有的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并在每次批評(píng)自己的時(shí)候提醒自己。）”可知，本段主要講要專注自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)而不是自我批評(píng)。B選項(xiàng)“專注于優(yōu)點(diǎn)，而不是自我批評(píng)?！鼻蓄}，為段首句，可做本段的小標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Makealistofthingsthatmakeyouattractive.Youmightbeginwithqualitiesthatmakeyouagoodfriend,parent,orco-worker.（列一張讓你有吸引力的清單。你可能會(huì)從成為一個(gè)好朋友、好父母或好同事的品質(zhì)開始。）”可知，選項(xiàng)與上文為并列關(guān)系，說明接下來要列舉的內(nèi)容。F選項(xiàng)“然后，你可能會(huì)列出一些使你與眾不同的身體特征?！鼻蓄}。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Setgoalsforyourself.（為自己設(shè)定目標(biāo)）”可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文說明設(shè)定目標(biāo)和提高自信的關(guān)系。E選項(xiàng)“實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)是獲得成就感和自信的一種方式?！鼻蓄}。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thesmallestgestures,likesmilingorholdingthedoorforsomeone,canmakeabigdifferencetosomeone.（最小的動(dòng)作，比如微笑或?yàn)閯e人扶門，對(duì)別人來說會(huì)有很大的不同。）”可知，選項(xiàng)承接上文繼續(xù)說明還可以用哪個(gè)方式來幫助別人，提升自己的形象。D選項(xiàng)“你也可以考慮積極參加志愿活動(dòng)。”切題。故選D項(xiàng)。20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Itcanbefrighteningtoputourselvesoutthere,butsometimestheriskcanbeworththereward.（把自己放在那里可能會(huì)讓人害怕，但有時(shí)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是值得的。）”和下文“Youcansimplydosomethingtostepoutofyourcomfortzone.（你可以簡(jiǎn)單地做些事情走出你的舒適區(qū)。）”可知，選項(xiàng)與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，承接下文。說明做小事也意味著冒險(xiǎn)，。故G選項(xiàng)“冒險(xiǎn)并不一定意味著去蹦極或爬山?！鼻蓄}。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MywifeandIusuallydon’tkeephouseplants.Anythinginpotsgetseitheroverwateredorunderwatered.Butaftermydiagnosiswithabraincancer,Ilovedtheideaofhavingsomethinggreenand____21____aroundus.Lastyear,myfriendMitchgavemealuckybambooplant.____22____theplantgavemeasenseofachievementatatimewhenIsometimesfelt____23____becausemyabilitytomovewaslimited.Asaphysician,Iwasusedtobeingtheonewho____24____care.Wateringtheplant____25____metoacorepartofmyoldidentityand____26____methatIcouldstillbeacaregiver.However,afterseveralweeksgrowinginperfectcondition,theplant____27____begantoshowsignsofstress.NomatterwhatIdid,theleaveskept____28____anddroppingtothefloor.“Ican’tevencareforasimpleplant!”Iyelled.“Ifmyluckybamboodies,Imightdietoo!”Identifyingwiththegreenandgrowingplanthadofferedme____29____.Butwhenthetreewasstruggling,Ifeltincreasinglyuneasyand______30______.ItwasseveralmonthslaterwhenIrecoveredfromsurgerythatIrealizedIhad______31______linkedmycarefulnurturingoftheplant—somethingoverwhichIhadatleastsomecontrol—withmyown______32______—somethingoverwhichIhadnocontrol.Asmy______33______lessened,Ibegantostudyonlinetutorialstofigureouthowtocareforthetree.I________34________ittoalargerpot,andwhenitwasbackinthesunnywindow,webothbegantothrive(旺盛)again.NowwheneverIlookatthetreeinitsnewpot,ImakeapointtorelaxandthinkofthethingsIcan______35______.21.A.alive B.primitive C.delicate D.mature22.A.Pickingup B.Relatingto C.Tendingto D.Figuringout23.A.imperfect B.impatient C.careless D.useless24.A.valued B.needed C.provided D.lacked25.A.added B.connected C.adapted D.compared26.A.inquired B.warned C.reminded D.recommended27.A.casually B.interestingly C.genuinely D.mysteriously28.A.spreading B.browning C.waving D.dancing29.A.comfort B.pride C.confidence D.courage30.A.fearful B.innocent C.faithful D.dishonest31.A.clumsily B.wrongly C.hardly D.precisely32.A.dream B.success C.capability D.survival33.A.discontent B.anxiety C.doubt D.sympathy34.A.transplanted B.returned C.expanded D.spread35.A.give B.share C.control D.predict【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.C25.B26.C27.D28.B29.A30.A31.B32.D33.B34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者得了腦癌之后開始養(yǎng)綠植，照顧植物給了他一種成就感，但是不管他怎么做，樹葉還是不斷地變黃，掉落在地板上，這讓他倍感焦慮。后來，他意識(shí)到他錯(cuò)誤地把對(duì)植物的精心培育這樣至少個(gè)人能控制的事情和自己的生存這樣個(gè)人無法控制的事情聯(lián)系在一起。隨著焦慮減輕，他開始學(xué)習(xí)在線教程，弄清楚如何照顧植物，植物又恢復(fù)了生機(jī)?，F(xiàn)在，每當(dāng)他看著新花盆里的樹，就會(huì)放松下來，想想自己能控制的事情。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是在我被診斷出患有腦癌之后，我喜歡我們周圍有綠色和有生命的東西的想法。A.alive有生命的；B.primitive原始的；C.delicate柔和的；D.mature成熟的。根據(jù)上文“Ilovedtheideaofhavingsomethinggreenand”可知，此處指綠色有生命的東西。故選A。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：照顧這棵植物給了我一種成就感，因?yàn)槲矣袝r(shí)會(huì)因?yàn)樾袆?dòng)能力有限而感到無用。A.Pickingup撿起；B.Relatingto關(guān)于；C.Tendingto照顧；D.Figuringout弄清楚。根據(jù)下文“Wateringtheplant____5____metoacorepartofmyoldidentityand____6____methatIcouldstillbeacaregiver.”可知，此處指照顧這棵植物。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：照顧這棵植物給了我一種成就感，因?yàn)槲矣袝r(shí)會(huì)因?yàn)樾袆?dòng)能力有限而感到無用。A.imperfect不完美的；B.impatient不耐煩的；C.careless粗心大意的；D.useless無用的。根據(jù)下文“becausemyabilitytomovewaslimited”及常識(shí)可知，此處指作者有時(shí)會(huì)因?yàn)樾袆?dòng)能力有限而感到無用。故選D。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名醫(yī)生，我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了提供護(hù)理。A.valued重視；B.needed需要；C.provided提供；D.lacked缺少。根據(jù)上文“Asaphysician,Iwasusedtobeingtheone”及常識(shí)可知，醫(yī)生給病人提供護(hù)理。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：給植物澆水讓我想起了我過去身份的一個(gè)核心部分，并提醒我，我仍然可以成為一名照顧者。A.added增加；B.connected聯(lián)系；C.adapted改編；D.compared比較。根據(jù)下文“metoacorepartofmyoldidentityand____6____methatIcouldstillbeacaregiver”可知，給植物澆水讓作者想起了過去身份的核心部分，connectsb.tosth.表示“將某人與某物聯(lián)系”。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：給植物澆水讓我想起了我過去身份的一個(gè)核心部分，并提醒我，我仍然可以成為一名照顧者。A.inquired要求；B.warned警告；C.reminded提醒；D.recommended推薦。根據(jù)上文“Wateringtheplant____5____metoacorepartofmyoldidentity”可知，給植物澆水讓作者想起了他過去身份的一個(gè)核心部分——自己曾經(jīng)是名醫(yī)生，這提醒他仍然可以成為一名照顧者。故選C。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在完美的條件下生長(zhǎng)了幾個(gè)星期后，這棵植物難以理解地開始顯示出壓力的跡象。A.casually隨意地；B.interestingly有趣地；C.genuinely真誠(chéng)地；D.mysteriously難以理解地，神秘地。根據(jù)下文“NomatterwhatIdid,theleaveskept____8____anddroppingtothefloor.”可知，無論作者怎么嘗試，問題都沒有解決，因此這棵植物是難以理解地開始顯示出壓力的跡象。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析