語法填空-有提示詞（數(shù)詞）課件-高三下學(xué)期英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)

語法填空-數(shù)詞

數(shù)詞概述：表示數(shù)目多少或順序先后的詞叫數(shù)詞。數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞。表示順序先后的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。題型考情分析

語法填空

、短文改錯(cuò)、單項(xiàng)選擇

年份卷別數(shù)詞數(shù)詞2024新高考I卷forthefirst

timeforthefirst

time

全國甲卷

2023新高考Ⅰ卷

全國甲卷sixthsixth2022

新高考I卷thesize（倍數(shù)）thesize（倍數(shù)）2021新高考II卷seventhseventh1.（2024年新高考I卷語法填空）Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhousewalksvisitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor________firsttime.【答案】the【解析】考查和數(shù)詞相關(guān)的固定搭配中的冠詞。句意：亞洲和歐洲之間的貿(mào)易路線第一次為英國帶來了絲綢、香料和許多植物。固定搭配：forthefirsttime，意為“第一次”，符合句意。故填the?！久~提醒】遇到長句時(shí)，瞻前顧后，除了兼顧句法句意外，還應(yīng)當(dāng)關(guān)注習(xí)慣用語。真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)真題練習(xí)·命題洞現(xiàn)2.(2023年全國甲卷)Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothe_____(six)century,B.C.【答案】sixth【解析】考查序數(shù)詞。句意：寓言是許多古代文化口述傳統(tǒng)的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世紀(jì)。century“世紀(jì)”前面要用序數(shù)詞形式。故填sixth。真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)真題練習(xí)·命題洞現(xiàn)3.（2022年新高考I卷）TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).Coveringanareaaboutthreetimes______sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.【答案】the【解析】考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。句意：中國政府最近敲定了建立大熊貓國家公園的計(jì)劃。該公園占地面積約為黃石國家公園的三倍，將成為中國首批國家公園之一。此處考查倍數(shù)表達(dá)法，結(jié)構(gòu)為：倍數(shù)+the+名詞（size/weight/length...）+ofB，表示“是B（大小/重量/長度……）的多少倍”。故填the。真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)真題練習(xí)·命題洞現(xiàn)4.(2021年全國新高考II卷)Inthe________(seven)grade,IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.【答案】seventh【解析】考查序數(shù)詞。句意:七年級的時(shí)候，我開始在加州的蒙特利灣水族館做志愿者。表示“七年級”用序數(shù)詞。故填seventh。真題練習(xí)·命題洞現(xiàn)真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)CONTENTS一、基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成和應(yīng)用二、序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成和應(yīng)用01一、基數(shù)詞（一）基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成和應(yīng)用1.構(gòu)成1至12逐個(gè)記one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve13-19加個(gè)teenthirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen20-90逢十后綴tytwenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety21-99連字符連十位與個(gè)位73seventy-three,67sixty-seven101-999hundred之后加and朗讀時(shí)，先讀百，再加and，后讀幾十幾。1000以上每三位用逗號計(jì)數(shù)267,(billion)35,(million)740,(thousand)229（一）基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成和應(yīng)用常用基數(shù)詞表IIIIIIoneeleventhirtytwotwelvefortythreethirteenfiftyfourfourteensixtyfivefifteenseventysixsixteeneightysevenseventeenninetyeighteighteenhundredninenineteenthousandtentwentymillion/billion/tribillion（一）基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成和應(yīng)用2.基數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用當(dāng)dozen，score，hundred，thousand，million和billion修飾一個(gè)確切數(shù)量的名詞時(shí)，這些詞一不加s，二后面不跟介詞of，但是當(dāng)這些詞修飾一個(gè)不確切數(shù)量的名詞時(shí)，這些詞后面既要加s，后面又要跟介詞of。sixhundredpeople（six表示精確數(shù)量）hundredsofpeople（hundredsof是不確切數(shù)量，hundred要加s后面要跟of）inone’s+基數(shù)詞整十的復(fù)數(shù)，把整十的數(shù)詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“在某人幾十歲時(shí)”。inhisthirties在他三十多歲的時(shí)候inthe+年份s/年份’s，在整十的年代數(shù)詞后面加s或加's。前面加定冠詞the，表示“在……世紀(jì)……年代”。inthe1980s/inthe1980’s在二十世紀(jì)八十年代【高考導(dǎo)航】3.Inthelab,keepingthingscleanandorganizedcanhelpprovideasaferenvironment.（2021天津卷知識運(yùn)用）在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，保持物品整潔有序，有助于提供一個(gè)更安全的環(huán)境。c.（2021浙江卷知識運(yùn)用）林肯在伊利諾伊州斯普林菲爾德市中心的家不像喬治·華盛頓在波托馬克河畔的種植園那樣給人留下深刻印象，但自從向公眾開放以來，就吸引了無數(shù)游客。3.Inthelab,keepingthingsclean11klandorganizedcanhelpprovideasaferenvironment.（2021天津卷知識運(yùn)用）在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，保持物品整潔有序，有助于提供一個(gè)更安全的環(huán)境。1.Forexample,acoatonafenceorapipeonthefloorwouldfrightenthemaway.(2021上海卷寫作)例如，籬笆上的一件外套或地板上的一根管子會(huì)把他們嚇跑。命題演練e.g.Awomaninher________(sixty)toldmeherhusbandhaddiedofcanceraweekearlier.【答案】sixties【解析】考查數(shù)詞表達(dá)法。句意：一位六十幾歲的婦女告訴我，她丈夫一周前死于癌癥。inone'ssixties意為“在某人六十多歲時(shí)”。故填sixties。真題練習(xí)·命題洞現(xiàn)02二、序數(shù)詞1.序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成基變序，有規(guī)律，詞尾加上-th。一二三，特殊記，詞尾字母t，d，d。八去t，九除e，f來把ve替。ty改為tie。若是碰到幾十幾，前用基來后用序。口訣first—1stsecond—2ndthird—3rdfourth—4thsixth—6thtwentieth—20thtwenty-third—23rd其中1st，2nd，3rd為特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字后加th?？s寫第一first第二second第三third第四fourth第五fifth除了first，second，third有獨(dú)特形式以外，其他的通常是在基數(shù)詞詞尾加-th構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成●注意①第1至第19,除第1(first)、第2(second)、第3(third)外,其余均在基數(shù)詞的后面加-th。8去t，9去e，f來把ve替，在這些序數(shù)詞中fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth的拼寫較特殊;②第20至第90中整幾十的序數(shù)詞是將基數(shù)詞詞尾的y變成ie,再加-th構(gòu)成;③hundred,thousand,million,billion,trillion的序數(shù)詞均在其后加-th,即hundredth,thousandth,millionth,billionth,trillionth。（二）序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及應(yīng)用常用序數(shù)詞表IIIIIIfirstelevenththirtiethsecondtwelfthfortieththirdthirteenthfiftiethfourthfourteenthsixtiethfifthfifteenthseventiethsixthsixteentheightiethseventhseventeenthninetietheightheighteenthhundredthninthnineteenththousandthtenthtwentiethmillionth/billionth注意：21以上多位數(shù)詞，只將末位數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞，前面的其他位數(shù)仍用基數(shù)詞。如：21st→twenty-first;22nd→twenty-second;33rd→thirty-third;100th→onehundredth（二）序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及應(yīng)用2.序數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用①序數(shù)詞前一般要加定冠詞the或形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格。LiWeidongisthefirst

studenttoleavetheclassroom.

Shenoticedamarkeddifferenceinthechildrenonhersecondvisit.AnneisMr.Brown'ssecondchild.②序數(shù)詞前有時(shí)也可用不定冠詞a，此時(shí)不強(qiáng)調(diào)順序?！癮+序數(shù)詞”相當(dāng)于another，表示“又一個(gè)，再一個(gè)”。

Whenitwasdark,theyorganizedanattackathirdtime.比賽或考試的名次前可省略the。

Jackwassecondintheexam.當(dāng)序數(shù)詞在句中作狀語時(shí)，序數(shù)詞前不用the。

Ifinishedtheworkfirst.習(xí)語中的序數(shù)詞冠詞需牢記。atfirst開始

atfirstsight乍看起來

firstofall首先forthefirsttime第一次“第幾”：the+序數(shù)詞+形容詞/副詞的最高級+名詞單數(shù)。e.g.Chinaisthesecondlargesteconomyintheworld.the+序數(shù)詞+（n.）+todosth表示“第幾個(gè)做某事的...”。e.g.Iamthefirsttocometotheclassroom．It/This/Thatis/wasthe+序數(shù)詞+time+that從句（前是is從句時(shí)態(tài)就用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasdone，前是was從句時(shí)態(tài)就用過去完成時(shí)haddone）這是某人第幾次做某事。ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavecometoyourschool．Thatwasthesecondtimethathehadbeenrejected.1.（2024年全國高三模擬）Thisisthe______(nineteen)boyI’vemetthisweekthatlikesskating.【解析】考查序數(shù)詞。句意：這是我這周見過的第十九個(gè)喜歡滑冰的男孩。結(jié)合語意，此處指見過的第十九個(gè)喜歡滑冰的男孩，表順序，則此處應(yīng)填序數(shù)詞表順序，nineteen對應(yīng)的序數(shù)詞是nineteenth。故填nineteenth。【答案】nineteenth【名詞提醒】遇到長句時(shí)，瞻前顧后，除了兼顧句法句意外，還應(yīng)當(dāng)關(guān)注習(xí)慣用語。真題練習(xí)·命題洞現(xiàn)命題演練2.TherearetwelvefloorsinthisbuildingandMr.Wu’sofficeisonthe________(four)floor.【解析】考查數(shù)詞。句意：這棟樓有十二層，吳先生的辦公室在四樓。所設(shè)空表達(dá)的是順序，應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞，故填fourth。【答案】fourth【易錯(cuò)提醒】很多考生容易混淆和4相關(guān)的序數(shù)詞，如fourth,fourteen,forty四十；fortieth第四十。命題演練真題練習(xí)·命題洞現(xiàn)3.ItwasthesecondtimethatmonththatJim_________(annoy)hismotherbecauseofhisrudeness.【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這個(gè)月已經(jīng)是吉姆第二次因?yàn)榇拄敹悄赣H生氣了。“Itwasthe+序數(shù)詞timethat...”是固定句型，that從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該使用過去完成時(shí)，故填hadannoyed。【答案】hadannoyed命題演練真題練習(xí)·命題洞現(xiàn)倍數(shù)表達(dá)法(1)A+謂語+倍數(shù)+as+原級+as+B

Thefigureofseventy-milliondollarswastwiceasbigasexpected.(2)A+謂語+倍數(shù)+比較級+than+B

Themeetingroomisthreetimesbiggerthanouroffice.(3)A

+謂語+

倍數(shù)+

thesize(width/length/height/depth等)+of+B

Asaresult,FacebookisprobablytenormoretimesthesizeofTwitter.【高考導(dǎo)航】3.Inthelab,keepingthingscleanandorganizedcanhelpprovideasaferenvironment.（2021天津卷知識運(yùn)用）在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，保持物品整潔有序，有助于提供一個(gè)更安全的環(huán)境。c.（2021浙江卷知識運(yùn)用）林肯在伊利諾伊州斯普林菲爾德市中心的家不像喬治·華盛頓在波托馬克河畔的種植園那樣給人留下深刻印象，但自從向公眾開放以來，就吸引了無數(shù)游客。3.Inthelab,keepingthingsclean11klandorganizedcanhelpprovideasaferenvironment.（2021天津卷知識運(yùn)用）在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，保持物品整潔有序，有助于提供一個(gè)更安全的環(huán)境。1.Forexample,acoatonafenceorapipeonthefloorwouldfrightenthemaway.(2021上海卷寫作)例如，籬笆上的一件外套或地板上的一根管子會(huì)把他們嚇跑。命題演練1.You’dbettergohometoseeyourparents__________(two)aweek.Theyneedmorecare.【答案】twice【解析】考查固定用法。句意：你最好每周回家看你父母兩次。他們需要更多的照顧。twice意為“兩次，兩倍”，twiceaweek“一周兩次”。故答案為twice。真題練習(xí)·命題洞現(xiàn)2.（2019年全國卷I）Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six______(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.【解析】考查主謂一致。根據(jù)threearedeclining，此處數(shù)詞six作主語，代指前文中的“polarbearsubpopulations”，故用復(fù)數(shù)謂語，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填are?！敬鸢浮縜re【思維建?！勘绢}和兩空均和數(shù)詞息息相關(guān)。第一空考查定冠詞the與序數(shù)詞的搭配。第二空考查數(shù)詞作主語時(shí)意義的主謂一致。真題練習(xí)·命題洞現(xiàn)命題演練3.Acoupleintheir__________(seventy)livinginLondon,UKcanchoosetoplaygolfincouncil-runcoursescostingfrom￡10eachtime.【解析】考查數(shù)詞。句意：住在英國倫敦的一對夫婦可以選擇在議會(huì)經(jīng)營的球場打高爾夫，每次收費(fèi)10英鎊?！癷none’s+整十基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)”為固定用法，表示“在某人幾十歲時(shí)”。故填seventies?！敬鸢浮縮eventies真題練習(xí)·命題洞現(xiàn)命題演練隨堂練習(xí)I.單句語法填空1.

Itiscelebratedonthe__________

(fifteen)dayofthefirstmonthofthelunaryear.2.

Dickensstartedwritingnovelsinhisearly________

(thirty)andbecamesuccessfulalmostimmediately.3.I’dliketofighthimbecausehe’sundefeatedandIwanttobethe_____(one)mantobeathim.fifteenththirtiesfirst4.Itwasmy________(twelve)birthday.Mum,TomandIwenttothegametogether.5.AmericanAirlinesisthe_______(three)largestcarrieratDenverInternationalAirport.6.Whattheylearnthelpedthemmake______firstairplaneflightin1903.7.Thenewcountryroadis______(two)thewidthoftheoldone.twelfththirdthetwice8.Heisthe_______(five)persontoaskmethesamequestion.9.Ihavereadthetenthchapterbutnotthe_________(twelve).10.Itwasthethirdtimethatoneofhiscars_________(go)upinflames.11.Osakaisthe________(two)largestcityinJapan.12.YuriGagarinbecamethefirstman______(fly)inspace.fifthtwelfthhadgonesecondtoflyWiththe______(eight)timethattheAmericanwomen’sbasketballteamwontheOlympicgoldmedal,the2024ParisOlympicsendedallcompetitions.Withthispreciousgoldmedal,theUSDelegationgainedthe_______(forty)gold,tyingwithChina’sgolds.AftertheTokyoOlympics,theChinesedelegationhasalreadyachieveditsbestperformanceinanoverseasOlympics.OnAugust11,China’sweightliftingteamonceagainshowedtheinternationaljuggernautstatuswith5goldmedals.Inthewomen’smarathon,threeChineseplayersallrankedoutof______(fifty)place.AtthisOlympics,theChinesetrackandfieldteamranked_______(twelve)amongalltheteams.With14goldmedals,theUSdominatedtheeventinallfourgamesandwongoldmedals.Withthegoldmedalinthewomen’sbasketballfinal,theUSdelegationpassedChinainthegoldmedaltableatthelastminute.AlthoughtheChinesedelegationendedup_______(two)

behindtheUS,ChinahasbeenclosingthegapwiththeUS.ChinanowhasthesamenumberofgoldmedalsastheUS.IntheParisrankings,Japanwasthe______(three),andAustralia,the_______(four).II.語法填空（數(shù)詞專練）eighthfiftiethtwelfthsecondfortieththirdfourthIII.語法填空：高考真題(綜合訓(xùn)練)(2023年全國甲卷)Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)

(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothe

(six)century,BC.Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,

RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofable.Infact,herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren.“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,

alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,

(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage

(intend)foreveryone.

(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson’sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibility

savingtheirenvironment.Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwi