Unit9Lesson1ToCloneorNottoClone課件-高中英語(yǔ)北師大版選擇性

LESSON1TOCLONEORNOTTOCLONEUNIT9HUMANBIOLOGYLEARNINGOBJECTIVESToreadandtalkaboutcloning;Tonoticeanddiscusshowawriterorganiseswriting;Toanalyseawriter'sintentionsandopinions;Tocomparepersonalopinionswiththeideasofothers;Toreadforspecificinformationtounderstandwordsincontext;Torecallandsummariseinformation;Tolearnandpractiseusingverbsintheperfecttense.KEYPOINTSANDDIFFICULTPOINTSToanswerthecomprehensionquestions;Tounderstandanddiscusscloning;Toanalyseawriter'sintentionsandopinions;Tolearnwordsandexpressionsincontext;Tostrugglewithcomplicatedsentencestructures;Tothinkcriticallyandexpressopinionsfreely.LEADINGINWhatdoyouknowabouttheperfectHehadbeenmentioningyournametome.Assoonaswegottothestation,thetrainhadleft.Theexperimenthasbeendonesuccessfully.Wehavebeenseeingquitealotofeachotherrecently.Bytheendoflastmonth,wehadreviewedfourbooks.Hehasbeensayingthatforyears.Georgehasmetthatgentlemanonseveraloccasions.IhadbeenlookingforitfordaysbeforeIfoundit.FOCUSONLANGUAGE:THEPERFECTIdentifythetenseofthesentencesandwritethenumberinthecorrectcolumns.1.Naturalcloninghasbeengoingonforgenerations.2.Gardenershavebeenusingaformofcloningwhentheytakeacuttingfromaplant...3.Foryears,therehadbeenattemptstocloneanimals.4.Cloningprimateshasprovedtobe"muchharder"thancloningotherspecies.5.Dr.SunQiangsaidtheyhadbeenwhollydevotedtotheresearch...6.Dr.SunQiangsaidtheyhadbeentakingcareofmorethan1,000monkeys24hoursaday,7daysaweek...FOCUSONLANGUAGE:THEPERFECTIdentifythetenseofthesentencesandwritethenumberinthecorrectcolumns.PresentperfectPresentperfectcontinuousPastperfectPastperfectcontinuous41,23,56have/hasdonehave/hasbeendoinghaddonehadbeendoingFOCUSONLANGUAGE:THEPERFECTCompletethepassagewiththeproperformofthewordsinbrackets.OnThursday,theInstituteofNeuroscienceannouncedit1._____________(clone)twomonkeysusingnon-reproductivecells.Itisreportedthatresearchersallaroundtheworld2.__________________________(conduct)testsonanimals,suchasmiceanddogs,formanyyearsbutcouldn’tfindawaytoclonemonkeys.Thenewsofthesuccessfulcloning3.hadclonedhavebeenconductingFOCUSONLANGUAGE:THEPERFECTCompletethepassagewiththeproperformofthewordsinbrackets._________________(attract)attentionfromaroundtheworld.However,cloningprimates4._____________________(alsoraise)ethicalconcerns.Forexample,somepeople5.___________________________(discuss)issuesconcerninghowcloneswillbetreatedinsociety.hasattractedhavealsoraisedhavebeendiscussingGRAMMAR完成時(shí)一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.構(gòu)成：have/has+過(guò)去分詞2.用法：（1）過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：lately；recently；sofar；bynow；upto/tillnow；inthelast/pastfewdays/years等GRAMMAR完成時(shí)一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Progresshasbeensofarverygoodandwearesurethattheworkwillbefinishedontime.到目前為止，工作進(jìn)展得很順利，我們確信工作一定會(huì)按時(shí)完成。Thejournalisthaswritten50reportsinthepasttwoyears.這位記者在過(guò)去兩年里寫(xiě)了50篇報(bào)道。GRAMMAR完成時(shí)一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（2）從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)；for+時(shí)間段。Hisfirstnovelhasreceivedgoodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.他的第一部小說(shuō)自上個(gè)月出版以來(lái)獲得了好評(píng)。Thelibrarianhasworkedinthislibraryfornearlytwentyyears.這位圖書(shū)管理員在這個(gè)圖書(shū)館工作了將近二十年。GRAMMAR完成時(shí)一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（3）瞬間動(dòng)詞可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，但在肯定句中不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。在否定句中，瞬間動(dòng)詞可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。常用的瞬間動(dòng)詞有：go，come，arrive，leave，begin，borrow，buy，die，fall，stop，start，kill，close，graduate，join，finish，lose等。GRAMMAR完成時(shí)一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（3）若瞬間動(dòng)詞要接表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，需要做一些相應(yīng)的變換，如：buy→have買(mǎi)；borrow→keep借；finish→beover結(jié)束；leave→beaway離開(kāi)；close→beclosed關(guān)閉；open→beopen打開(kāi)；come/go/become→be來(lái)/去/變得；成為

fallasleep→beasleep睡覺(jué)；fallill→beill生病puton→have/wear穿；marry→bemarried結(jié)婚jointhearmy→beasoldier/beinthearmy參軍GRAMMAR完成時(shí)一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（3）若瞬間動(dòng)詞要接表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，需要做一些相應(yīng)的變換?！八呀?jīng)參軍三年了”可以用以下方式表達(dá)：Hejoinedthearmythreeyearsago.Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.Hehasbeenasoldierforthreeyears.Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.GRAMMAR完成時(shí)二、過(guò)去完成時(shí)1.構(gòu)成：had+過(guò)去分詞2.用法：（1）在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或過(guò)去某一事件之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生并完成的

動(dòng)作，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。WhenIhurriedtothestationtoseethespecialistoff,thetrainhadalreadyleft.當(dāng)我匆忙趕到車(chē)站為專(zhuān)家送行時(shí)，火車(chē)已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了。GRAMMAR完成時(shí)二、過(guò)去完成時(shí)（2）表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，一直持續(xù)到過(guò)去這一時(shí)刻，并也可能繼續(xù)下去。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：bythen；bythetime；bythattime；before；bytheendof；untilthen；bythetime+一般過(guò)去時(shí)的從句等。GRAMMAR完成時(shí)二、過(guò)去完成時(shí)Theworkerhadworkedintheworkshopforthreehoursbeforehismachinebrokedown.機(jī)器損壞之前這個(gè)工人已經(jīng)在車(chē)間里工作了三個(gè)小時(shí)。BythetimeJackreturnedhomefromEngland,hissonhadgraduatedfromcollege.杰克從英國(guó)回到家時(shí)，他的兒子已大學(xué)畢業(yè)。GRAMMAR完成時(shí)二、過(guò)去完成時(shí)（3）intend，mean，hope，want，plan，suppose，expect，think等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)，可表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或想法等。Ihadintendedtovisityouyesterday,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.我本來(lái)打算昨天去看你的，但來(lái)了一個(gè)不速之客。（實(shí)際上沒(méi)去）

GRAMMAR完成時(shí)三、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)1.構(gòu)成：have/hasbeen+現(xiàn)在分詞2.用法：（1）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作并不是一直在不停地進(jìn)行，而是在斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地重復(fù)。Ihavebeenringingyouseveraltimesintwodays.這兩天內(nèi)我給你打過(guò)幾次。GRAMMAR完成時(shí)三、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)（2）表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。這一動(dòng)作可能剛完成，也可能仍在進(jìn)行。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：allthismorning；thismonth；recently；thesefewdays；allnight；since等。Thelibrarianhasbeenworkinginthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths.在過(guò)去的三個(gè)月里，那位圖書(shū)管理員每天晚上都在圖書(shū)館工作。GRAMMAR完成時(shí)四、過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)1.構(gòu)成：hadbeen+現(xiàn)在分詞2.用法：（1）表示過(guò)去的過(guò)去反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Hehadbeenmentioningyournametome.他過(guò)去多次向我提到你的名字。GRAMMAR完成時(shí)四、過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)（2）動(dòng)作從過(guò)去的過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)。在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)，這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛剛停止，也可能仍然在進(jìn)行。Theyhadonlybeenwaitingforthebusafewminuteswhenitcame.他們只等了幾分鐘公共汽車(chē)就來(lái)了。LANGUAGEPOINTS1.Anotherexampleofnaturalcloningisidenticaltwins...identicaladj.完全相同的，非常相似的搭配:beidenticalto/with與……完全相同 beidenticalin在……方面極其相似arowofidenticalhouses完全一樣的一排房子

Herdressisalmostidenticaltomine.她的連衣裙和我的幾乎一模一樣。

Thesisterswereidenticalinappearanceandcharacter.這對(duì)姐妹在相貌和性格上極其相似。LANGUAGEPOINTS2.Thiscouldhelpsaveresearchtime,reducethenumberofanimalsrequiredfortesting,producemoreaccurateresults,andleadtomoreeectivetreatments.accurateadj.準(zhǔn)確的，精確的搭配: beaccuratein在……方面準(zhǔn)確 tobeaccurate精確地說(shuō)Broadcastnewswasaccurateandreliablebutdeadlydull.新聞廣播準(zhǔn)確、可靠，但極其枯燥。Journalistsarenotalwaysaccurateinwhattheywrite.新聞工作者的報(bào)道并非總是準(zhǔn)確的。LANGUAGEPOINTS3.Whilesomepeoplebelieveitiscrucialforscienticadvancement...crucialadj.至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的搭配: becrucialto/for...對(duì)……至關(guān)重要 becrucialthat...……是至關(guān)重要的Talent,diligenceandwholedevotionareallcrucialtocareersuccess.才能、勤奮和全身心投入對(duì)于事業(yè)的成功都是至關(guān)重要的。Youngpeopleplayacrucialroleinworkingforpeace.年輕人在爭(zhēng)取和平的事業(yè)中發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。LANGUAGEPOINTS4.Theybelieveitisboundtoleadtocloningofotherspecies...boundadj.很有可能，肯定會(huì)搭配: beboundtodo一定會(huì)，必定會(huì)；有義務(wù)做，有責(zé)任做 beboundfor前往……的Ifyoukeeponworkinghardlikethis,chancesareboundtofavouryou.如果你繼續(xù)這么努力工作的話，機(jī)會(huì)一定會(huì)垂青你的。Iamboundtosayyourabsencefromthemeetingisunwise.我必須告訴你，你缺席會(huì)議是不明智的。LANGUAGEPOINTS5.Howitisused,whetheritisablessingoracursetomankind,dependsonmankindandnotontheinstrument.whether...or...不管……還是……引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)任意選擇，此時(shí)不能把whether替換為if。Whetheryouareafarmeroraspecialist,youbothshouldobeytherules.無(wú)論你是農(nóng)民還是專(zhuān)家，你都應(yīng)該遵守規(guī)則。Whetherthey’llhaveapicnicornotdependsontheweather.他們是否去野餐要看天氣。LANGUAGEPOINTS6.Theywerethefirst-everprimates...tohavebeencloned!動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)

當(dāng)被修飾詞前有序數(shù)詞（first，second等）、最高級(jí)或thenext，theonly，thevery等修飾時(shí)，常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。Thejournalistwasthefirstpersontogettothescenewheretheaccidenthappened.那位記者是第一個(gè)到達(dá)事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的人。Heistheonlyonetogetabachelor’sdegreeinhisfamily.他是家中唯一取得學(xué)士學(xué)位的人。

Shewasthefirstwomantobeappointedtotheboard.她是第一位被任命進(jìn)入董事會(huì)的女性。LANGUAGEPOINTS7.Researchersinsistthatthescienceofcloningshouldbefurtherexploredandadvanced.insist后接that從句，表示“堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)決要求”時(shí)，從句用虛擬語(yǔ)

氣，即從句謂語(yǔ)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。OurEnglishteacherinsiststhatwe(should)speakEnglishinandoutofclass.英語(yǔ)老師堅(jiān)持要我們?cè)谡n堂內(nèi)外都講英語(yǔ)。Heinsiststhatstudents(should)dosomeexerciseforatleasthalfanhoureveryday.他要求學(xué)生們每天至少鍛煉半小時(shí)。PRACTICE1.Tomygreatjoy,IgotachancetotakeaphotowithAndyaftertheconcert,whichI________________________________(lookforwardto)foryears.2.China____________(see)asharpincreaseinthenumberofagedpeopleoverthepastdecade.3.Housingprices________________________(increase)sinceafewyearsago.Therefore,it’stimethatthecentralgovernmenttooksomemeasurestobringthemundercontrol.hadbeenlookingforwardtohasseenhavebeenincreasingPRACTICE4.Whenmyparentsfirstcametothecity,theyoftenwenttoneighborsforatalk,justasthey_____________(do)inthecountryside.5.GoodHeavens!Youarehere,Mary!Yourparentstoldmethismorningthattheywereworriedaboutyouandthey______________________