專題02閱讀理解主旨題推斷題-江蘇省高考英語考前30天提分練

專題02閱讀理解主旨題&推斷題

英語高考卷中閱讀理解占總分的大約1/4,所占比重居各題型之首，是“重中之重”，此部分的得分直接決定

了整個試卷的分數(shù)層次，可謂“得閱讀者得天下從選材來看，閱讀理解選材廣，包含社會生活的各方面；

從題型來看，閱讀理解主要考察細節(jié)題、推理判斷題、詞義猜測題和主旨大意題。

一、主旨大意題

解題技法：

正確選項特征干擾選項特征

所給選項內(nèi)容概括的范圍過大，超出文章所述

內(nèi)容。

所給選項只闡述了文章的一部分內(nèi)容，或以文

1.涵蓋性強,覆成全義或

章中的細節(jié)信息或個別詞作為選項的設(shè)置內(nèi)

全段，

容，或以次要的事實或細節(jié)充當全文的.主要觀

2.確定的范圍恰當，既不

點。

太大，也不太小。

所給選項被命題者有意識地把本屬于A的內(nèi)

3.精確性強，不會改變語

容放在B上，若不留神，極易選錯答案。

言表意的程度及色彩。

所給選項的關(guān)鍵詞語雖然在文章中談到了，但

經(jīng)過仔細閱讀分析之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)選項的內(nèi)容與文

章的內(nèi)容亳無聯(lián)系。

例題1：

GoodMorningBritciinsSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheis

cookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatight

budget.

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbutt

offerstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.And(heGood

MorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherownhome,

preparingmealsforsons,Sam.14.Finn,13,andJack,11.

“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,“she

explains.pay￡5foraportionL份)，butMattmakesthemfbr26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,

sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethis

foodourselves.”

Theeight-partseries(系列節(jié)目),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney:

GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeach

week.Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.

Theteamtransformsthefamily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.KeepingFilbyEatingSmartB.BalancingOurDailyDiet

C.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLess

【答案】D

【解析】標題歸納題。本文介紹了由Susanna主持的一檔新的節(jié)目GoodMorningBritain,節(jié)目中她向觀

眾展示如何在預(yù)算緊張的情況下準備美味的營養(yǎng)餐，該節(jié)目可以讓觀眾花最少的錢卻仍可以品嘗美食。對

這一內(nèi)容進行濃縮提煉和概括，CookingWellforLess作為最佳標題貼切到位，故選Do

例題2：

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscoining

andalotmoregoing.When(heworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(聯(lián)系)groups

developedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,0(K)years

ago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12.000languagesbetweenthem.

Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagesloo

becamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedcvclopinentofthe

nation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunications

inthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,

SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.The

generalruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzones

havelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa

2.400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.The

mediannumber(中位數(shù))ofspeakersisamere6.000.whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenby

fewerpeople(hanthat.

Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡)，withonlyafewelderly

speakersleft.Pick,alrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),Lipan

ApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseems

(ohavemuchchanceofsurvival.

31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.

B.People'slifestylesarcreflectedinlanguages.

C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.

D.Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.

【答案】C

【解析】主旨大意題。全文的角度去分析，本文是一篇科教類閱讀，文章講述的是語言的演變與發(fā)展。語

言已經(jīng)有千百年的歷史，不斷地產(chǎn)生，發(fā)展和消失。但最近語言的發(fā)展出現(xiàn)了新趨勢，新出現(xiàn)的語言越來

越少，而消失地越來越多。同時伴隨著社會和工業(yè)化的發(fā)展，語言消失地越來越快。故選C。

例題3:

TerrafugiaInc.saidMondaythatitsnewflyingcarhascompleteditsfirstflight,bringingthecompanycloser

(oitsgoalofsellingtheHyingcarwithin(henextyear.Thevehicle—namedtheTransition—hastwoseats,four

wheelsandwingsthatfoldupsoitcanbedrivenlikeacar.TheTransition,whichflewatL400feetforeight

minuteslastmonth,canreacharound70milesperhourontheroadand115intheair.Itfliesusinga23-gallontank

ofgasandburns5gallonsperhourintheair.Ontheground,itgets35milespergallon.

28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.ThebasicdataoftheTransition.

B.Theadvantagesofflyingcars.

C.Thepotentialmarketforflyingcars.

D.ThedesignersoftheTransition.

【答案】A

【解析】段落大意題。根據(jù)"TheTransition,whichflewat1,400feetforeightminuteslastmonth,canreach

around70milesperhourontheroadand115inthefliesusinga23-gailontankofgasandbums5gallons

perhourintheair.w可知，第一段講述的是過渡時期的一些基本數(shù)據(jù)。故選A。

31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.FlyingCaratAutoShowB.TheTransition'sFistFlight

C.Pilots'DreamComingTrueD.FlyingCarClosertoReality

【答案】D

【解析】標題歸納題。根據(jù)文章描述可知，飛行汽車己經(jīng)不僅僅是一種想象了，而是現(xiàn)實中客觀存在的，

目前正在進行一系列的測試，所以說飛車離現(xiàn)實更近了。故選D。

例題4

Mostpositiveemotionsareassociatedwithapproachbehaviour:wemoveclosertopeoplewelike.Most

negativeemotions,incontrast,areassociatedwithavoidancebehaviour:wemoveawayfrompeopleandthingsthat

wedislikeorthatmakeusanxious.Butangerisanexceptiontothispattern.Theangrierweare,themorelikelywe

arctomovetowardstheobjectofourangcr.Thiscorrespondstowhatpsychologistsrefertoasoffensiveanger:the

angrypersonmovescloserinordertoinfluenceandcontrolthepersonorsituationcausinghisanger.This

approach-and-confrontbehaviorisaccompaniedbyaleftwardprefrontalasynimetry(不對稱)ofEEG

activity.Interestingly,thisasymmetrylessensiftheangrypersoncanexperienceempathy(同感)towardsthe

individualwhoisbringingforththeangryresponse.Indefensiveanger,incontrast,theEEGasymmetryisdirectedto

therightandtheangrypersonfeelshelplessinthefaceof(heanger-inspiringsituation.

()64.Whatisthekeymessageofthelastparagraph?

A.Howangerdiffersfromotheremotions.B.Howangerrelatestootheremotions.

C.Bchavioralresponsestoanger.D.Behavioralpatternsofanger.

【答案】D

【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)該段的前兩句話中的approachbehav沁r和avoidancebehavior可知最后一段就

是描述了人們在憤怒時的不同表現(xiàn)形式，所以答案為D項。

二、推理判斷題

解題策略；

1.推斷隱含意義

做這類推理題時，要注意以下幾點：首先，一定要以文章提供的事實和線索為依據(jù)，立足己知，推斷

未知；其次，要全面分析已知信息，進行深層處理，不能就事論事，斷章取義，以偏概全；最后，答案一

般要依靠合理推理得出，而不能只選擇文章中直接表述的信息為答案。

即：(1)全面分析(2)忠實原文(3)不要選擇表層信息

2.推斷態(tài)度和觀點作者的態(tài)度、觀點、意圖

往往隱含在文章的字里行間，或流露于修飾的詞語之中，考生應(yīng)學(xué)會揣測和體會。在推斷過程中，應(yīng)

特別注意文中作者的措辭，尤其是表達感情色彩的形容詞、副詞、動詞及所舉的例子，推斷出作者的弦外

之音。千萬不能主觀臆想，憑空想象，隨意揣測，更不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點。

說明文中作者態(tài)度有：(1)objective客觀的(2)neutrala中立的

以論文中作者的態(tài)度有:(1)positive積極的(2)negative消極的(3)neutral中立的(4)approval

贊成的

(5)disapproval不贊成的(6)indifferent漠不關(guān)心的(7)ironic諷刺的(8)critical批評的

（9）optimistic樂觀的（10）pessimistic悲觀的

3.推斷寫作目的

推測作者的寫作H的，必須要先了解文章的主題，然后分析作者的論述方法、論述的重點和材料的安

排。故事類記敘文的目的通常是娛樂讀者（t。entertain）；廣告類應(yīng)用文的目的一般是推銷產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)（t。

persuade）；議論文的目的是要闡述論點（t。argue）；科普、文化類說明文的目的大多是介紹知識，幫助

大家廣聞博見（I。inform）4.推斷文章出處

4.推斷人物性格

做這類題時一定要注意準確把握字里行間的意思，特別是要注意表達情感色彩、主觀態(tài)度和個人觀點

的詞語對推斷人物性格的主導(dǎo)作用。

5.推算數(shù)據(jù)

解答此類題，關(guān)鍵是要善于捕捉有關(guān)數(shù)字的信息，然后在透徹理解原文的字面意義和題意的基礎(chǔ)匕

運用自己的數(shù)學(xué)知識，對其進行分析、推算，從而得出正確的結(jié)論。

例題1：

InGreece,inA【hens（雅典）,alittlecityinalittlecountry,therewerenohelplessmasses.AndAthenians

willinglyobeyedthewrittenlawswhichtheythemselvespassed,andtheunwritten,whichmustbeobeyediffree

menlivetogether.Theymustshoweachotherkindnessandpityandthemanyqualitieswithoutwhichlifewouldbe

verypainfulunlessonechosetolivealoneinthedescrt.ThcAtheniansneverthoughtthatamanwasfreeifhe

coulddowhathewanted.Amanwasfreeifhewasself-controlled.lbmakeyourselfobeywhatyouapprovedwas

freedom.Theyweresavedfromlookingattheirlivesastheirownprivateaffair.Eachonefeltresponsibleforthe

welfareofAthens,notbecauseitwasforcedonhimfromtheoutside,butbecausethecitywashisprideandhis

safety.Theessentialbeliefofthefirstfreegovernmentintheworldwaslibertyforallmenwhocouldcontrol

（hemselvesandwouldlakeresponsibilityforthestate.

（）2.Peoplebelievinginfreedomarethosewho.

A.regardtheirlifeastheirownbusinessB.seekgainsastheirprimaryobject

C.hehavewithinthelawsandvaluesystemsD.treatotherswithkindnessandpity

【答案】C

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知，古希臘人的自由在于自覺遵守已經(jīng)通過的書面法律和非書面法律,

他們靠飛。住811小。肥（1”來獲取自由,由此可推出信仰自由的人應(yīng)該是那些遵守法律和價值體系的人,故選C

項。

例題2：

Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.ltcannotbediscoveredoncefbrall.Ifpeopledonot

prizeit,andworkforit,itwillgo.Constantwatchisitsprice.Athenschanged.ltwasachangethattookplacewithout

beingnoticedthoughitwasofiheextremeimportancesspiritualchangewhichaffecied(hewholestate.Ithadbeen

theAthenian'sprideandjoytogivetotheircity.Thattheycouldgetmaterialbenefitsfromherneverenteredtheir

mir.ds.Therehadtobeacompletechangeofattitudebeforetheycouldlookatthecityasanemployerwhopaidher

citizensfordoingherwork.Nowinsteadofmengivingtothestate,:hcstatewastogivetothem.Whatthepeople

wantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovideacomfortablelifeforthcm;andwiththisastheprimary

object,ideasoffreedomandself-relianceandresponsibilitywereneglectedtothepointofdisappearing.Athenswas

moreandmorelookedonasacooperativebusinesspossessedofgreatwealthinwhichallcitizenshadarightto

share.

()3.WhatchangeinattitudetookplaceinAthens?

A.TheAtheniansrefusedtotaketheirresponsibility.

B.TheAtheniansnolongertookprideinthecity.

C.TheAtheniansbenefitedspirituallyfromthegovernment.

D.TheAthenianslookedonthegovernmentasabusiness.

【答案】A

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句"...responsibilitywereneglectedtothepointofdisappearing.M

可知A項正確。

例題3：

LetmetellyouaboutyourChinesegrandmother.SomewhereinHongKong,inthelatefifties,ayoungwaitress

foundherselfpregnant(懷孕)byaccok,probablyaco-workeratherrestaurant.Shecarriedthebabytoterm,suffered

togiveitbirth,andkeptthelittlegirlforthefirstthreemonthsofherlife.Iliketothinkthatmymother——your

grandmother-lovedmeandfoughttoraisemeonherown,butthatthedailystrugglewastoohard.Worndownby

thedemandsofthenewbabyandperhapstheconstantthreatofstarvation,shemadethepainfuldecisiontogive

awayhergirlsothatbothofusmighthaveachanceforabetterlife.

()66.HowdocsMommyfeelaboutherbeinggivenaway?

A.Itisbitteranddisappointing.B.Itispainfulbutunderstandable.

C.Shcfeelssorrybutsympathetic.D.Shefeelshurtandangry.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題。從文章第二段中的Worndownbythedemandsofthenewbabyandperhapsthe

constantthreatofstarvation,shemadethepainfuldecisiontogiveawayhergirlsothatbothofusmight

haveachanceforabetterlife.可以看出,Mommy認為這是一個painfulbutunderstandable的決定。

例題4：

BeforeIwastwo,lwasadoptedbyanAnglocouple.Fedthreesquaremealsaday,Igrewlikeawildweedand

graspedailtheopportunitiestheyhadtooffer-booksjnusic,education,churchlifeandcommunityactivities.Ina

fair.ilyofbluc-cycdblonds.thoughjstoodoutlikeasorethumb.Whetherfromjealousyorfearofsomeonewho

lookedsodifferent,myolderbrotherssometimesteasedmeaboutmyunpleasingskin,ormadefunofmyclumsy

walk.Moodyandimpatient.burdenedbyfearsthatnoneofusrealizedresultedfrommyearlyyearsofneed.Iwas

notaneasychildtolove.MymotherandIconflictedcountlesstimesovertheyears,butgraduallycametoseeone

anotherasrealhumanbeingswithfaultsandtalents,andaswomenofstrengthinourownright.Lackingamirror

imageinthemotherwhoraisedme,Ihadtoseekmyidentityasawomanonmyown.TheAsianAmerican

communityhashelpedmeregainmydoubleidentity.

()68.WhatcanbeinferredfromMommy'sAnglofamilylife?

A.Sheusedtoexperienceanidentitycrisis.B.ShefoughtagainstherAmericanidentity.

C.Sheforgotthepainsofherearlyyears.D.ShekeptherloveforAsiafromchildhood.

【答案】A

【解析】推理判斷題。從文章的第五段的描述中可以看出，作者經(jīng)歷了身份危機,因此選A。B項的錯誤在于

她不是為反對她的美國身份而斗爭。C項錯誤是因為她并沒有忘記早期的痛苦。D項是無關(guān)信息。

例題5：

Ifichthyosaursdidevolveananti-decompressionmeans,theyclearlydidsoquickly—and,most

strangely,theylostitafterwards.ButthatisnotwhatDrRothschildthinkshappened.Hesuspectsitwas

evolutioninotheranimalsthatcausedthechange.Whalesthatsufferthebendsoftendosobecausetheyhave

surfacedtoescapeaprcdalor(捕食動物)suchasalargeshark.OneofthefeaturesofJurassicoceanswasan

abundanceoflargesharksandcrocodiles,bothofwhichwerefondofichthyosaurlunches.Triassicoceans,by

contrast,weremercifullyshark-andcrocodile-free.IntheTriassic,then,ichthyosaursweretopofthefoodchain.In

theJurassicandCretaceous,theywereprey(獵物)aswellaspredator-andoftenhadtomakeaspeedyexitasa

result.

()64.Rothschildmighthaveconcluded(hatichthyosaurs

A.failedtoevolveananti-decompressionmeans

B.graduallydevelopedmeasuresagainstthebends

C.diedoutbecauseoflargesharksandcrocodiles

D.evolvedananti-decompressionireansbutsoonlostit

【答案】A

【解析】第五段第一句表明；如果魚龍的確曾進化得到了一種抗減壓病的機能，那么這種進化一定會發(fā)展很

快。但是，最為奇特的是，他們后來卻失去了這一機能。因此布魯斯?羅斯采爾德可能得出結(jié)論：魚龍進化沒

有得到一種抗減壓病機能。故選A。

例題6：

AsInglisand,laterotherbusinessmen,gottowork,repurposedphoneboxesbeganreappearingincitiesand

villagesaspeoplefoundnewusesforthem.Today,theyarconceagainafamiliarsight,playingrolesthatarcoften

justasimportantforthecommunityastheiroriginalpurpose.

Inruralareas,whereambulancescantakearelativelylongtimetoarrive,thephoneboxeshavetakenona

lifesavingrole.LocalorganizationscanadoptthemforIpound,andinstalldefibrillatorstohelpinemergencies.

60.Thephoneboxesarebecomingpopularmainlybecauseof.

A.(heirnewappearanceandlowerpricesB.thepushofthelocalorganizations

C.theirchangedrolesandfunctionsD.(hebigfundingofthebusinessmen

【答案】C

【解析】定位到第五段，"repurposedphoneboxesbeganreappearingincitiesandvillagesaspeoplefound

newusesforthemM以及尾句“playingrolesthatareoftenjustasimportantforthecommunityastheir

originalpurpose”這一句點明了電話亭重新出現(xiàn)在城市中是因為人們發(fā)現(xiàn)了它的新的用途，現(xiàn)在的角色是

與原來的目的不一樣的；接著第六、七兩段舉例電話亭在農(nóng)村地區(qū)，充當著救生的角色；另外，商人們也

發(fā)現(xiàn)了電話亭的商機，將它作為一個迷你工作室C這些都表明十電話亭的重新出現(xiàn)的原因在于它改變了原

本的功能。故選C。B,D都是例子中的單個作用，比較片面。A項不符合原文。

例題7：

Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant,theresearchersfound.

Multiplegenesbehaveddifferently,dependingonwhethersomeonehadeatenornotbeforewalking.Manyofthese

genesproduceproteins（蛋白質(zhì)）thatcanimprovebloodsugarregulationandinsulin（胰島素）levelsthroughout

（hebodyandsoareassociatedwithimprovedmetabolichealth.Thesegenesweremuchmoreactivewhenthemen

hadfastedbeforeexercisethanwhentheyhadbreakfasted.

Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskip

eatingfirst.

64.Whatcouldbelearnedfromtheresearch?

A.Aworkoutafterbreakfastimprovesgeneperformances.

B.Toomuchworkoutoftenslowsmetabolicrates.

C.Lifestyleisnotasimportantasmorningexercise.

D.Physicalexercisebeforebreakfastisbetterforhealth.

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)文章的開頭、結(jié)尾詼段總結(jié)可知，不吃早飯運動比吃早飯運功，更加有益于身體健康，選D。

例題8：

We,veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,

deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.

32.Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?

A.Addictiontosmartphones.B.Inappropriatebehaviorsinpublicplaces.

C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D.Impatiencewithslowservice.

【答案】D

【解析】該段提到在公共場合中，周圍都是人的情況下，人們只是專注地盯著自己的手機，或者苦苦掙扎

于令人不自在的沉默中，從中可以推斷出文章首段描述了陌生人之間缺少交流的現(xiàn)象。故選擇C項。

例題9：

Ibegancollectingnewspaperarticlesaboutnewspecies,newmonkey,newspider...,andonandonthey

appear.Mydrawerquicklyfilled.Ibeganaseconddrawerformoregeneraldiscoveries:newcavesystem

discoveredwithdozensofnamelessspecies,fourhundredspeciesofbacteriafoundinthehumanstomach.The

seconddrawerbegantofillandasitdidIwonderedwhethertherewerebiggerdiscoveriesoutthere,notjust

species,butlifethatdependsonthingsthoughttobeuseless,lifeevenwithoutDNA.Istartedathirddrawerfbr

thesebigdiscoveries.Itfillsmoreslowly,butallthesame,itfills.

68.Whatwastheauthor'sinitialpurposeofcollectingnewspaperarticles?

A.Tosortoutwhatwehaveknown.B.TodeepenhisresearchintoAmazonians.

C.Toimprovehisreputationasabiologist.D.Tolearnmoreaboutlocalcultures.

【答案】A

【解析】細節(jié)理解題。A選項sortout是整理分類的意思。Ibegancollectingnewspaperarticlesaboutnew

species,newmonkey,newspider...,andonandontheyappear。通過這句可以推斷出是作者對新發(fā)現(xiàn)的整理。

Collect和sortout有相近的意思。故選A。

例題10：

[l]ManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.These

colourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.

[2]Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarchighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberries

containalittlemoreprotein（蛋白質(zhì)），ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesareparticularly

highinantioxidants（抗氧化物質(zhì)）.Theyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoids

wetumintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asfbrcherries（櫻桃），theyaresodeliciouswhocares?

However,theyarcrichinvitaminC.

13JWhencombinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbasefbrthick,

coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuch

sweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze,ifyoulike,asqueezeoffresh

lemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingon

theirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.

[4]Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa

“soR-serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafiinactivityfbrachildren,sparty;theylove

feedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.

27.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.

C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.

【答案】B

【解析】本文是向大眾介紹飲食方法，跟健康有關(guān)，應(yīng)該出自健康雜志。所以B項正確。

例題11:

Ifyouwanttodisturbthecarindustry,you'dbetterhaveafewbilliondollars:Mom-and-popcarmakersarc

unlikelytobeatthebiggestcarcompanies.Butinagriculture,smallfarmerscangetthebestofthemajorplayers.

Byconnectingdirectlywithcustomers,andbyrespondingquicklytochangesinthemarketsaswellasinthe

ecosystems（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)），smallfarmerscankeeponestepaheadofthebigguys.Astheco-founderoftheNational

YoungFarmersCoalition（NYFC,美國青年農(nóng)會）andafamilyfarmermyself.Ihaveafront-rowseattothe

innovationsamongsmallfarmersthataretransformingtheindustry.

61.Theauthormentionscarindustryatthebeginningofthepassagetointroduce.

A.theprogressmadeincarindustryB.aspecialfeatureofagriculture

C.atrendofdevelopmentinagricultureD.theimportanceofinvestingincarindustry

【答案】B

【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Mom-and-popcarmakersareunlikelytobeatthebiggestcar

companies.Butinagriculture*smallfarmerscangetthebestofthemajorplayers.小型汽車制造商不太

可能擊敗大型汽車公司.但在農(nóng)業(yè)方面，小農(nóng)戶可以從主要參與者那里獲得最好的收益.”可知作者在文章

的開頭提到了汽車工業(yè)，介紹了農(nóng)業(yè)的一個特點.故選B.

【訓(xùn)練強化】

Atpresent,animated（動畫）filmsarepopularwithus.Mostofthemrelyheavilyoncomputertechnology.But

thismagicalworld—wherewitches（魔法師）castspellsandcastlesfloatinthesky—isbroughttolifebyhand,

Nevertheless,HayaoMiyazakiisreferredtoasJapan'sWaltDisneyandconsideredbymanytobetheworld's

greatestlivinganimator.

Thismonth,the72-year-oldMiyazakiannouncedhisretirement.TheJapaneseanimatorhasdirected11

animatedfull-lengthfilmsoverthepastfourdecades,includingtheOscar-winningSpiritedAway（《千與千尋》）

andhislatestrelease,TheWindRises（《起風(fēng)了》）,whichtellsthelifestoryofamanwhodesignedJapaneseWorld

WarIIfighterplanes.

JustasTheWindRisesshows,Miyazakiiswell-knownforhisobsessionwithflight,especiallyhumanflight.

OtherattractiveaspectsofMiyazaki'sfilmsincludehisthemesofenvironmentalprotectionandthehorrorsofwar.

Miyazaki'sworkisalsofamousfbritslackofclearlydefinedgoodandevilcharacters.Heseesthe21stcenturyas

acomplextimewhenoldstandardsneedtobere-examined.

Asastoryteller,heisaninventoroffairytalesfullofmystery.In（heMiyazakianuniverse,wizards（巫師）turn

intobirdsofprey;younggirlsaretransformedovernightinto90-year-oldwomen;greedyparentsarechangedinto

pigs;andshootingstarsbecomefiredemons（惡魔）.

PeopleattributeMiyazaki'ssuccesstohislongpursuitofhishand-drawntechnique,althoughinaninterview

withCNNhecalledhimselfan“extinctspecies”intheageofdigitalanimation.

ArecenttelevisiondocumentaryonthemakingofTheWindRisesshowedadisappointedMiyazakithrowinga

pileofdrawingsintothetrash.Heissaidtohaveredrawnthousandsofframesofthemuch-praisedPrincess

Mononoke（《幽靈公主》）whentheydidnotmeethisstandards.

Buthishugeatteniion（odetailhasearnedhim（herespectoftheentireanimatedfilmworld.EvenJohnLasseter—

headofPixar,（hefamousUScomputeranimationstudio—oncecalledMiyazaki“oneofthegreatestfilminakers

ofourtime”.

1.WhatcanwcknowaboutMiyazaki'sfilmTheWindRises?

A.Itwasputonalongtimeago.

B.Miyaznkiwasonceunsatisfiedwithsomeofthedrawings.

C.Itdescribesenvironmentalproteclion.

D.ItisanOscar-winningfilm.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obsession“meaninparagraph3?

A.Hatred.B.Enthusiasm.C.Envy.D.Sympathy.

3.WhatmakesMiyazakicamtherespectoftheentireanimatedfilmworld?

A.Hisemphasisondetail.

B.Hispursuitofthehand-drawntechnique.

C.Hisdependenceoncomputertechnology.

D.Hisdefinitionofgoodandevilcharacters.

【答案】l.B2.B3.A

【解析】本文是記敘文。講述了日本即將退役的著名動畫制作人Miyazaki（宮崎駿）。

[1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容“ArecenttelevisiondocumentaryonthemakingofTheWind

RisesshowedadisappointedMiyazakithrowingapileofdrawingsintothetrash.（一個關(guān)于制作TheWind

Kises的紀錄片里，Miyazaki把一堆畫扔在垃圾桶。）”可推知，Miyaznki在制作電影《起風(fēng)了》時曾經(jīng)對

一些畫不滿意，故選B。

【2題詳解】詞義猜測題。A.Haired討厭的；B.Enthusiasm熱情的；C.Envy嫉妒的；D.Sympathy同情

的。根據(jù)上段“TheWindRises（《起風(fēng)了》）,whichtellsthelifestoryofamanwhodesignedJapaneseWorld

WarIIfighterplanes.（《起風(fēng)了》講述的是一個在日本二戰(zhàn)中設(shè)計戰(zhàn)斗機的男人的生活故事。）”，故推

知Miyazaki因?qū)︼w行的熱情而有名，故選B。

【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"Buthishugeattentiontodetailhasearnedhimtherespectof

theentireanimatedfilmworld.（但他對細節(jié)的高度關(guān)注為他贏得了整個動畫電影界的尊敬）”可知，讓他獲得

整個動畫電影界尊重的是他對細節(jié)的關(guān)注。故選A。

LukeGrenfell-Shawhadarareformofcancer.Itstartedasapaininhisshoulderandihetumourspreadtohis

lungs,makingitstagefour.TheOxfordgraduatewasteachingEnglishinSiberiawhenhesufferedashoulderpain

andsawtheschoolnurse.ItwasherreactiontoalumponhisbackthatsenthimbackhometoBristolUIwas24

yearsold.Ihaddoneanultramarathon."Lukesaid.48hourslater.IwasbackinhospitalintheUK."On19June

2018,doctorstoldLukethathehadcanccr.

“Ihadkindofworkedoutthatitwascancer,butwhatkindofblew