2025年重慶市沙坪壩區(qū)第七中學(xué)校中考一模英語試題（解析版）

重慶市第七中學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年度下期初2025屆適應(yīng)性模擬考試英語試題(本卷共九個大題，分值：150分時間：120分鐘)注意：全卷分為第I卷和第Ⅱ卷，所有試題都答在答題卡上。第I卷(100分)I.聽力測試。(35分)第一節(jié)：聽一遍。根據(jù)你所聽到的句子，從A、B、C三個選項中選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鹫Z。(每小題1分，共6分)1.A.Youarewelcome.B.Don’tworry.C.Allright.2.A.ItmustbeJim’s.B.It’sonthedesk.C.Itcosts80yuan.3.A.It’sasweetsong.B.Ilikeplayingthepiano.C.Iprefersoftmusic.4.A.Sorry,Ididn’tseethesign.B.Thankyouverymuch.C.Youdidagoodjob.5.A.Yes,Icould.B.Sure.C.That’sbad.6.A.You’rekidding.B.Me,too.C.Soundsgood.第二節(jié)：聽一遍。根據(jù)你所聽到的對話和問題，從A、B、C三個選項中選出正確答案。(每小題1.5分，共9分)7.A./’le?di/.B./le?k/.C./la?t/.8.A.Tothelibrary.B.Tothezoo.C.Tothepark.9.A.Thismorning.B.Yesterdayevening.C.Thisafternoon.10.A.Dogs.B.Snakes.C.Cats.11.A.Jim.B.Peter.C.Alan.12.A.B.C.第三節(jié)：聽兩遍。根據(jù)你所聽到的長對話，從A、B、C三個選項中選出正確答案。(每小題1.5分，共6分)聽第一段材料，回答第13和14小題。13.Whatshouldn’ttheboydoathome?A.WatchTV.B.Playcomputergames.C.Listentomusic.14.Whendoesthegirlhavetobehomeatnightonweekends?A.By9:30p.m.B.By10:00p.m.C.By10:30p.m.聽第二段材料，回答第15和16小題。15.Whichbookaretheytalkingabout?A.RedStarOverChina.B.JourneytotheWest.C.TheStoryoftheStone.16.WhatdoesEricthinkoftheChinesepeopleinthisbook?A.Friendlyandstrong.B.Braveandwise.C.Kindandhard-working.第四節(jié)：聽兩遍。根據(jù)你所聽到的短文內(nèi)容，從A、B、C三個選項中選出正確答案。(每小題1.5分，共6分)17.HowoldisZhangLi?A.8yearsold.B.18yearsold.C.28yearsold.18.WhotaughtZhangLipapercutting?A.Hergrandmother.B.Hergrandfather.C.Herneighbor.19.Whatdoesapictureoffishmeanintheartofpapercutting?A.Goodhealth.B.Morefood.C.Lovelyanimals.20Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Somegreatpaintings.B.AmodernChineseinvention.C.Apapercuttingartist.第五節(jié)：聽兩遍。根據(jù)你所聽到的短文內(nèi)容，在圖表空格處填上最恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或詞塊，并在答題卡對應(yīng)題目的位置填寫答案，每空限填5詞。(每小題2分，共8分)Topic:Howtobe21SuggestionsDetailsAsktoknowyourteamYoucan’t22leadingyourteamunlessyouknowthem.Trytogetclosetothembyaskingquestions.TalktoyourteamBeasactiveasyoucanwhenyoustaywithyourteam.Themoreyoutalktothem,23theywillfeel.ListentoyourteamLetyourteamknowyou’reagoodlistenerwhenevertheyhaveproblemsatworkorathome.Bepatientandavoidtryingtostopthem.CareaboutyourteamPeoplewillworkharderfortheirleadersiftheyfeeltheyarecaredabout.Thatwillhelpyouget24andsupportfromyourteam.Ⅱ.語法選擇。(每小題1分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從A、B、C三個選項中選出一個語法正確的答案，并把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。NaturewasChenRui’s“childhoodhome”.___1___37-year-oldresearcherwasnotabletotalkuntilhewas4yearsoldbecauseofthewayhisbraindealswithinformation.Thismade___2___“strange”insomepeople’sminds.So,hedidn’thavefriendswhowerearoundhisage.Thisledhimtoturnhisattentiontononhumanthingsaroundhim.Hebecameamazedbytheworldofinsects.“The___3___timeofmychildhoodwasinthefarmfields,”saysChen.“Isquatted(蹲)there,watchingtheactivitiesofinsects.Ihad___4___manyquestionsabouttheiractivitiesandwasinterestedinthisworld.”Theseexperiencesplantedaseedinhisheart.Yearslater,he’saresearcherwhohasworkedonlifescience.He___5___around100newspecies(物種)sofar,manyofwhicharenamedafterhim.“Iwasachildwhowascured(治愈)bynature,”hesays.“Iwantedtogrowup___6___thepowerofnaturewithmoreyoungpeople.Iwantedtostartclassestobringchildrentolearnintheopenairandexperiencethegiftsnaturebrings.”Stillasafreshmaninuniversityin2006,hebegantoorganizepeopleinterestedininsectstovisittheZijinMountaininNanjingtolookfor___7___.Hisorganizationfinallyhadnearlysix___8___members.Hehopesthatpeoplewilllearnfrominsect“superpowers”sothatitwill___9___inourownlives.“___10___wearehumble(謙遜的)andregardallotherbeingsasourteachers,wecangetendlesswisdom,”Chensays.1.A.A B.The C.An2.A.he B.him C.his3.A.happy B.happier C.happiest4.A.so B.such C.very5.A.finds B.found C.hasfound6.A.toshare B.share C.shared7.A.insect B.insects C.insects’8.A.hundreds B.hundredof C.hundred9.A.use B.beusing C.beused10.A.If B.Unless C.Though【答案】1.B2.B3.C4.A5.C6.A7.B8.C9.C10.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了研究員陳瑞的成長故事。【1題詳解】句意：37歲的研究員因為大腦處理信息的方式，直到4歲才能說話。A一個（輔音音素前）；The這個；An一個（元音音素前）。根據(jù)“37-year-oldresearcher”可知，此處是特指這個37歲的研究員，應(yīng)用定冠詞the。故選B?！?題詳解】句意：這使他在一些人眼中顯得“奇怪”。he他（主格）；him他（賓格）；his他的。根據(jù)“made”可知此處需用賓格作賓語，故選B?！?題詳解】句意：我童年最快樂的時光是在農(nóng)田里。happy快樂的；happier更快樂的；happiest最快樂的。根據(jù)“the…time”可知此處需用最高級，強調(diào)最快樂的時光，故選C?！?題詳解】句意：我對昆蟲的活動有很多疑問，并對這個世界感興趣。so如此（修飾形容詞/副詞）；such如此（修飾名詞）；very非常。此處修飾many，應(yīng)用so，somany“如此多”，故選A?！?題詳解】句意：他至今已發(fā)現(xiàn)了約100個新物種。finds發(fā)現(xiàn)（動詞三單）；found發(fā)現(xiàn)（動詞過去式）；hasfound已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)（現(xiàn)在完成時）。根據(jù)“sofar”可知需用現(xiàn)在完成時，故選C。【6題詳解】句意：我想長大后與更多年輕人分享自然的力量。toshare分享（動詞不定式）；share分享（動詞原形）；shared分享（動詞過去式）。根據(jù)題干可知，想要長大是為了與更多年輕人分享自然力量，應(yīng)用不定式表目的，故選A?！?題詳解】句意：2006年，他還是一名大一新生，就開始組織對昆蟲感興趣的人去南京紫金山尋找昆蟲。insect昆蟲（單數(shù)）；insects昆蟲（復(fù)數(shù)）；insects’昆蟲的（所有格）。根據(jù)“l(fā)ookfor”可知此處是作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞，而且需要用復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指。故選B。【8題詳解】句意：他的組織最終有近600名成員。hundreds數(shù)百（需加of）；hundredof錯誤搭配；hundred百（具體數(shù)字不加s）。根據(jù)“six”可知具體數(shù)字后，hundred不加s，故選C?！?題詳解】句意：他希望人們學(xué)習(xí)昆蟲的“超能力”，以便將其運用到生活中。use使用（動詞原形）；beusing正在使用（進行時）；beused被使用（被動結(jié)構(gòu)）。it和動詞use之間是被動關(guān)系，表示被使用，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，故選C?！?0題詳解】句意：如果我們謙遜，視萬物為師，就能獲得無窮智慧。If如果；Unless除非；Though盡管。根據(jù)“wearehumble(謙遜的)andregardallotherbeingsasourteachers,wecangetendlesswisdom”可知前句是后句的肯定條件，應(yīng)用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。故選A。Ⅲ.完形填空。(每小題1.5分，共15分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個能填入相應(yīng)空格內(nèi)的最佳答案，并把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。InancientChina,musicplayedanimportantroleinpeople’slife.Linglunwasatalented___11___inHuangdi’stribe(部落).Atthattime,theso-calledmusicwasverysimple.Peoplehitastickonanotherstick,ajar(罐子)orastonetomakesounds.Huangdi,theleader,wasnothappywiththat.SoheaskedLinglunto___12___themusic.Linglundecidedthatfirst,hehadtofinda___13___materialtomakeabettermusicalinstrument.Soheledagroupofmusicians,walkedalongway,andfinallyreachedtheKunlunMountains.There,___14___trieddifferentkindsofmaterials,includingtreebranches,leaves,stonesandevenanimalbones.___15___,themusiciansfoundthatbamboocouldproducebettersounds.ThenLingluncutbamboo,madeapipe(笛子)andblewintoit,___16___thesoundwasstillnotbeautifulenough.Linglunwasvery___17___,andhealmostgaveup.ButHuangdiencouragedhimtokeeptrying.Intheend,hesucceededinmakingagreatinstrument.Itwasasetof12bamboopipesofdifferentsizestiedtogether.Thenextstepwasto___18___thetones.Oneday,Linglunwas___19___onarockwhenthesingingoftwobeautifulphoenixes(鳳凰)wokehimup.Hewasamazedbythepleasantsoundsofthebirds.Hethenusedittocreatethe12-tonescale(音階),includingsixyangtonesandsixyintones.Hedidn’tstopthere.Linglungotmoreinspiration___20___animalsoundsandspentyearsmakingallkindsofmusicalinstruments.Sincethen,musichasbecomeenjoyableforall.11.A.writer B.leader C.musician D.teacher12.A.improve B.enjoy C.make D.use13.A.cheap B.suitable C.soft D.popular14.A.he B.we C.they D.you15.A.Unluckily B.Recently C.Finally D.Usually16.A.unless B.but C.because D.although17.A.surprised B.scared C.excited D.disappointed18.A.cutout B.takeout C.workout D.pointout19.A.thinking B.singing C.sleeping D.talking20.A.about B.from C.of D.by【答案】11.C12.A13.B14.C15.C16.B17.D18.C19.C20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了中國古代音樂發(fā)展的重要歷程，特別是黃帝時期的樂官伶?zhèn)惾绾胃倪M原始音樂、創(chuàng)造樂器和音階的故事。【11題詳解】句意：?伶?zhèn)愂屈S帝部落中一位有才華的人。writer作家；leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者；musician音樂家；teacher教師。根據(jù)后文“Lingluncutbamboo,madeapipe(笛子)andblewintoit,”可知，伶?zhèn)愂侵谱鳂菲鞯娜?，故選C?！?2題詳解】句意：所以他要求?伶?zhèn)惛倪M音樂。improve改進；enjoy享受；make制作；use使用。根據(jù)前文“theso-calledmusicwasverysimple”和“wasnothappywiththat”可知，黃帝對當(dāng)時簡單的音樂不滿意，所以希望提升音樂水平，故選A。【13題詳解】句意：?伶?zhèn)悰Q定，首先，他必須找到一種合適的材料來制作一種更好的樂器。cheap便宜的；suitable合適的；soft柔軟的；popular流行的。根據(jù)后文“trieddifferentmaterials…bamboocouldproducebettersounds”可知，他要找到一種合適的材料來制作更好的樂器，故選B。【14題詳解】句意：在那里，他們嘗試了不同的材料，包括樹枝、樹葉、石頭，甚至動物骨頭。he他；we我們；they他們；you你。前文提到“l(fā)edagroupofmusicians”，主語為復(fù)數(shù)群體，用they，故選C。【15題詳解】句意：最終，音樂家們發(fā)現(xiàn)竹子能發(fā)出更好的聲音。Unluckily不幸地；Recently最近；Finally最終；Usually通常。根據(jù)前文嘗試了不同材料，以及“themusiciansfoundthatbamboocouldproducebettersounds.”可知，這里表示“最后”，音樂家們發(fā)現(xiàn)竹子能發(fā)出更好的聲音。故選C。【16題詳解】句意：然后伶?zhèn)惪沉酥褡?，做了一個笛子，吹進去，但是聲音還是不夠美。unless除非；but但是；because因為；although盡管。前后分句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用but，故選B。【17題詳解】句意：?伶?zhèn)惙浅Ｊ?，幾乎想放棄。surprised驚訝的；scared害怕的；excited興奮的；disappointed失望的。根據(jù)“almostgaveup”可知伶?zhèn)惙浅Ｊ９蔬xD?！?8題詳解】句意：下一步是確定音調(diào)。cutout剪裁；takeout取出；workout計算出，確定；pointout指出。根據(jù)后文“Hethenusedittocreatethe12-tonescale(音階),includingsixyangtonesandsixyintones.”可知，接下來的步驟是確定音調(diào)。故選C?！?9題詳解】句意：一天，伶?zhèn)愓谝粔K巖石上睡覺，這時兩只美麗鳳凰的歌聲把他吵醒了。thinking思考；singing唱歌；sleeping睡覺；talking交談。根據(jù)后文“wokehimup”可知此前他在睡覺，故選C?！?0題詳解】句意：?伶?zhèn)悘膭游锫曇糁蝎@得更多靈感。about關(guān)于；from從……中；of……的；by通過。根據(jù)“Linglungotmoreinspiration...animalsoundsandspentyearsmakingallkindsofmusicalinstruments.”可知，伶?zhèn)悘膭游锏穆曇糁蝎@得更多靈感。“getinspirationfrom...”表示“從……獲得靈感”。故選B。IV.閱讀理解。(共35分)閱讀下列材料，從A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案，并把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。AZongzi,atraditionalChinesefoodwithalonghistory,holdsaspecialplaceintheheartsoftheChinesepeople,especiallyduringtheDragonBoatFestival.Homemadezongzitastesdeliciousandmakingzongziiseasyandfun.Let’shaveatry!___21___Boilthebambooleavesandputthemtogetheruntilthey’recoolenough.___22___Maketheleaveslikeafunnel(漏斗)andaddriceandotherfillingsinit.___23___Holdtheleavesaroundthericeandfillingsandtiethemtogether.Lowertheheatandcookuntilthezongziissoft,about1to2hours.Nowit’stimetoenjoyzongziwithyourfamily!A. B. C. D.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了自制粽子的方法?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)“Boilthebambooleavesandputthemtogetheruntilthey’recoolenough.”可知，首先把竹葉煮熟，放在一起，直到它們足夠涼。選項C的圖片與之匹配。故選C?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)“Maketheleaveslikeafunnel(漏斗)andaddriceandotherfillingsinit.”可知，把葉子做成漏斗狀，然后加入米飯和其他餡料。選項D的圖片與之匹配。故選D?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)“Holdtheleavesaroundthericeandfillingsandtiethemtogether.”可知，用葉子包住米飯和餡料，把它們綁在一起。選項B的圖片與之匹配。故選B。BDreamsUnfoldingIntheheartofachild,dreamstakewing,Whereimaginationisthestrongestking.Mountainsofbooks,oceansofink,Eachpageadoor,eachwordalink.Tolandsofmagic,skiessoblue,Wheredragonsflyandfairiesaretrue.Heroeswemeet,braveandkind,Onadventures,newworldswefind.Believeinyourself,letcouragerise,Througheverychallenge,opennewskies.Learnfromthestars,shiningabove,Inthebeautyoflife,showyour_________.So,deardreamer,holdontight,Tothewondersthatfillyoursight.Tomorrowwaitswithopenarms,Readyforyourdreamstotransform.24.Whomisthetextwrittenfor?A.Parents. B.Teachers. C.Children. D.Doctors.25.Whatareheroesmetindreamslike?A.Strongandkind. B.Afraidandworried. C.Openandbrave. D.Braveandkind.26.Accordingtotheruleofrhyme(韻),whichwordshouldbeput________?A.love B.like C.light D.hand27.Wherecanyoufindthetext?A.Inafashionmagazine. B.Inacollectionofpoems.C.Inatravelingguide. D.Inachildren’sstorybook.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一首充滿童真與想象力的詩歌。詩歌通過生動的意象和押韻結(jié)構(gòu)，描繪了孩子心中奇幻的夢想世界。詩中鼓勵孩子們保持勇氣、探索新知，并相信未來的可能性。全文采用四行詩節(jié)形式，語言優(yōu)美富有韻律，適合兒童閱讀，可能選自詩集或兒童故事書。詩歌傳遞了積極向上的成長主題，展現(xiàn)了閱讀與想象力的魅力。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Intheheartofachild,dreamstakewing”以及“Heroeswemeet,braveandkind,Onadventures,newworldswefind.”可知，文中多處提到了孩子的夢想，都是以孩子的視角在描述夢想。所以可以判斷這篇文章是為孩子寫的。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Heroeswemeet,braveandkind”可知，可以明確知道在夢想中遇到的英雄是勇敢且善良的。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Learnfromthestars,shiningabove,Inthebeautyoflife,showyour...”可知，本句前面的句子以“above/?v/”結(jié)尾，此處需選擇與之押韻的詞，選項A“l(fā)ove/?v/”完全押韻。故選A?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。全文為押韻工整、意象豐富的詩歌，且無故事性情節(jié)或?qū)嵱眯畔?，最可能出自詩集。文本體裁是詩歌而非故事。所以最有可能在選項B“在一本詩歌集”中找到。故選B。CShortlyafterScottcamebackhomefromtheYukon,adangerousmanescaped(逃跑)fromprison.HisnamewasJimHall,andhehadkilledmanymen.Hewantedtokillthejudgewhohadsenthimtoprison.ThiswasScott’sfather.Bythistime,everyoneinScott’sfamilylikedWhiteFang.Theyfeltsafewithhimbecauseheknewthem.Theywerealsohisgods.Aliceallowedhimtosleepinthehouseatnight,eventhoughhewasnota“housedog”.Onenight,shortlyafterJimHallescaped,hegotintothehouse.Hehadagun,andhisplanwastoshootthejudgewhileheslept.However,WhiteFangheardanoiseandwenttoseewhatitwas.Hesawandsmelledastrangeman.Heknewthatthismanwasnotafriendandjumpedtowardshim.Afightwentonforalongtime.JimHallshotWhiteFangseveraltimes,butWhiteFangwouldnotletgoofhim.Heheldontohisthroatwithhisteeth.Thenoisewokeeveryoneup.ThepolicecameandtookJimHallbacktoprison.WhiteFang’swoundswereverybad,andhewasdying.ScottsentforadoctorwholookedatWhiteFangandsaid,“Hehasonlyonechanceinathousandofliving.”“Wemustmakesurehehasthatchance,”Scottsaid.“Hesavedmyfather’slife.Wemustsavehim.Idon’tcarehowmuchitcosts.”ThedoctordideverythinghecouldforWhiteFang,buthehadlostalotofblood.Hehadabrokenleg,andtherewerebullet(子彈)holesinhischest.Itseemedcertainthathewoulddie,butasthedayspassed,WhiteFangslowlygotbetter.Hesurvived(幸存),buthecouldnotfightagain.HelivedtherestofhislifequietlywithScottandhisfamily,amuchgentlerandmuchlovedwolf-dog.—AdaptedfromWhiteFang28.WhydidJimHallwanttokillScott’sfather?A.BecauseScott’sfathersentJimtoprison. B.BecauseScott’sfatherkilledmanymen.C.BecauseScott’sescapedfromprison. D.BecauseScott’sfatherwasadangerousman.29.Whichistherightorderofthefollowingeventsaccordingtothepassage?a.WhiteFangfoughtJimHallandwasbadlywoundedwith-a-gun.b.JimHallgotintothehousesilentlyandtriedtokillScott’sfather.c.JimHallwascaughtbythepoliceandtakenbacktotheprison.d.ScottwasworriedaboutWhiteFangandaskedadoctortosavethedog.A.a-b-c-d B.c-d-a-b C.b-a-c-d D.b-c-a-d30.Whatdoestheunderlineword“him”inparagraph5referto?A.Thepoliceman. B.WhiteFang. C.Scott’sfather. D.JimHall.31.WhathappenedtoWhiteFangintheend?A.HewassenttotheYukonagain. B.Hewaskilledbythecriminal.C.Helivedpeacefullyeverafter. D.Hediedfromhiswounds.【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了一只名叫WhiteFang的狼狗保護斯科特Scott一家的故事?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hewantedtokillthejudgewhohadsenthimtoprison.ThiswasScott’sfather.”可知，JimHall想殺死Scott的父親是因為Scott的父親曾將他送進監(jiān)獄。故選A。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。首先根據(jù)“Onenight,shortlyafterJimHallescaped,hegotintothehouse.Hehadagun,andhisplanwastoshootthejudgewhileheslept.”可知，JimHall先偷偷進入房子試圖殺死Scott的父親，這是事件b；接著根據(jù)第三段“However,WhiteFangheardanoiseandwenttoseewhatitwas.Hesawandsmelledastrangeman.Heknewthatthismanwasnotafriendandjumpedtowardshim.Afightwentonforalongtime.JimHallshotWhiteFangseveraltimes,butWhiteFangwouldnotletgoofhim.”可知，WhiteFang和JimHall打斗并被槍重傷，這是事件a；然后根據(jù)第四段“Thenoisewokeeveryoneup.ThepolicecameandtookJimHallbacktoprison.”可知，JimHall被警察抓住并帶回監(jiān)獄，這是事件c；最后根據(jù)第五段“ScottsentforadoctorwholookedatWhiteFangandsaid,‘Hehasonlyonechanceinathousandofliving.’”以及“‘Wemustmakesurehehasthatchance,’Scottsaid.”可知，Scott擔(dān)心WhiteFang并請醫(yī)生來救它，這是事件d。所以正確順序是b-a-c-d，故選C。【30題詳解】代詞指代題。根據(jù)“‘Wemustmakesurehehasthatchance,’Scottsaid.‘Hesavedmyfather’slife.Wemustsavehim.Idon’tcarehowmuchitcosts.’”可知，這里Scott說要確?！八庇猩娴臋C會，“他”救了Scott父親的命，他們必須救“他”，結(jié)合上文可知是WhiteFang救了Scott的父親，所以這里的“him”指的是WhiteFang。故選B【31題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HelivedtherestofhislifequietlywithScottandhisfamily,amuchgentlerandmuchlovedwolf-dog.”可知，WhiteFang最終與Scott一家平靜地生活在一起。故選C。DStudentsinDenmarktakenationaltestsonacomputeratdifferenttimes.About4years’testresults,researchersfoundsomethinginteresting.Studentswhotookthetestinthemorningscoredhigherthanthosewhotookitintheafternoon.Sowhathappens?Wemighthavenoticedthatintheafternoonwebecomelessproductive(有效率)andtheworkwedoisoflowerquality.Alotofpeoplearoundtheworldexperiencethesamethingeveryday.That’scalledtheafternoonslump(低迷).Whydoesthishappen?Ourbodiesarecontrolledbyourcircadianrhythm(晝夜規(guī)律)whichislikeaclock.Ittellsourbodieswhentogotosleepandwakeup.Ourenergylevelschangewiththecircadianrhythm.Wearesmarterandmoreenergeticduringsomepartsoftheday,whileduringothers,wearelessenergetic.Forexample,duringthenightweexperiencealargedropinenergy,especiallybetween2a.m.to4a.m..However,ourenergyslowlyrisesafterwakingupuntilitreachesapeak(峰值)inthelatemorning.Butthatpeakisthenfollowedbyanafternoonlow,whichwecalltheafternoonslump.Thelowappearsaboutsevenhoursafterwakingup,whichisusuallybetween1p.m.to4p.m.formostpeople.Thisisthetimewhenpeoplemakemoremistakesduringthedaytime.Whentheafternoonslumpisover,itrisesagain.Butasourbodygetsreadyforsleep,itslowlydrops.Theafternoonslumpisnatural,buttherearesomewaystoregain(恢復(fù))energy.Stretching(拉伸)foreven20seconds,takingabreakforabout15minutes,eatingabarofblackchocolateandsooncanhaveahugeinfluenceonyourenergylevels.Hopefully,youhaveabetterideaabouttheafternoonslumpandwhatwecandoaboutit.32.Howdoesthewritersupporthisideainthethirdparagraph?A.Bycomparingthefact. B.Byexplainingthereason.C.Bygivinganexample. D.Bylistingsomenumbers.33.Whatcanweknowaboutthe“afternoonslump”?A.ItonlyhappenstostudentsinDenmark. B.Itmakesstudentsscorehigherintests.C.Itiscausedbynaturalbodyrhythms. D.It’sasignofserioushealthproblems.34.Whichpictureshowsthechangeoftheenergylevelwiththetime?A. B.C. D.35.Whatcanweinferaccordingtothepassage?AItcanbecompletelyavoidedbygettingenoughsleep.B.Ourenergylevelsarethehighestinthelatemorning.C.Theafternoonslumpisaproblemthatonlystudentsface.D.Simpleactionslikeeatingsnacksmayhelpgetenergyback.【答案】32.B33.C34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了下午低迷現(xiàn)象及其原因，以及如何通過簡單的方法恢復(fù)能量?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，作者通過解釋晝夜規(guī)律來說明為什么下午會出現(xiàn)能量低迷的現(xiàn)象。因此，作者是通過解釋原因來支持他的觀點。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whydoesthishappen?Ourbodiesarecontrolledbyourcircadianrhythm(晝夜規(guī)律)whichislikeaclock.Ittellsourbodieswhentogotosleepandwakeup.Ourenergylevelschangewiththecircadianrhythm.”以及第四段的描述可知，下午低迷現(xiàn)象是由我們身體的自然晝夜規(guī)律引起的。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Forexample,duringthenightweexperiencealargedropinenergy,especiallybetween2a.m.to4a.m..However,ourenergyslowlyrisesafterwakingupuntilitreachesapeak(峰值)inthelatemorning.Butthatpeakisthenfollowedbyanafternoonlow,whichwecalltheafternoonslump.Thelowappearsaboutsevenhoursafterwakingup,whichisusuallybetween1p.m.to4p.m.formostpeople.Thisisthetimewhenpeoplemakemoremistakesduringthedaytime.Whentheafternoonslumpisover,itrisesagain.Butasourbodygetsreadyforsleep,itslowlydrops.”可知，在晚上，我們的能量會大幅下降，尤其是在凌晨2點到4點之間。然而，我們的能量在醒來后慢慢上升，直到上午晚些時候達(dá)到頂峰。但高峰過后是午后的低谷，我們稱之為午后低谷。最低點出現(xiàn)在起床后7小時左右，對大多數(shù)人來說通常是在下午1點到4點之間。這是人們在白天犯更多錯誤的時間。當(dāng)下午的低谷結(jié)束時，它會再次上漲。但當(dāng)我們的身體準(zhǔn)備睡覺時，它會慢慢下降。選項C圖片符合，故選C。【35題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Theafternoonslumpisnatural,buttherearesomewaystoregain(恢復(fù))energy.Stretching(拉伸)foreven20seconds,takingabreakforabout15minutes,eatingabarofblackchocolateandsooncanhaveahugeinfluenceonyourenergylevels.”可知，像拉伸、休息、吃黑巧克力等簡單的行為可能會對能量水平有很大影響，幫助恢復(fù)能量，吃黑巧克力屬于吃零食的一種，所以簡單的行為如吃零食可能有助于恢復(fù)能量。故選D。E①Imagineyouareinanautonomousvehicle(AV,自動駕駛車輛)andfacethisterriblechoice:Thecarmusteitherturnleftandhitan8-year-oldgirl,orturnrightandhitmanywalkers.Ontopofthis“moraldilemma”,ifthecardoesn’tturn,youcouldbeindanger.Whatdecisionwouldyouwantthecartomake?②WhenAVsfacedangeroussituations,shouldtheysavepeopleinthecarfirstorwalkers?Shouldtheyputthegreatergoodaboveoneperson’ssafety?Thesequestionshavebeenunderdiscussionforyears,butthereisnoperfectanswer.③“Amoraldilemmaisadilemma;ithasnoclearanswer,”wroteDerekLeben,aprofessorattheTepperSchoolofBusiness,US,inhispaper.④IyadRadhwan,anMITscientiststudiedthesequestions.Hefoundoutthatpeopleoftenthinkabouttheirownsafetyfirst.“Peoplebuyingthesecars,theywantcarsthatprotectthepassengers.Buttheywantotherpeople’scarstoprotectwalkersinstead.”⑤AVsbringnotonlymoraldilemmasbutalsoproblemswithrules.Ifthereisanaccident,whoshouldberesponsible?⑥InJuly,2024,aself-drivingtaxibyBaiduhitawalkerinWuhan,Hubei,whoranaredlight.Baiduworkedwiththepoliceandtookthewalkertothehospital.InanotheraccidentinSeattle,US.inApril,2024,itwasdecidedthatthe“driver”shouldberesponsiblebecausehewasonhisphonewhileinthefullself-drivingmode(模式).⑦ThesituationsofdifferentaccidentscausedbyAVsaresocomplex(復(fù)雜的)that“nowtherearenoveryclearlawsaboutit”,saidJiXuehong,aresearcherfromNorthChinaUniversityoftechnology.36.Whichofthefollowingsentencescanweput“dilemma”in?A.Shefaceda_________whenacceptingthejobabroadorstaywithherfamily.B.Hisbiggest_________wasforgettingtobringlunchtoschoolyesterday.C.Thebrokencomputercausedaserious_________forhisworkproject.D.Theteachergaveusafun_________tosolveingroupsduringclass.37.WhatisParagraph6mainlyabout?A.Real-lifeexamplesofAVaccidentsinChina. B.Thebestwaystodealwiththemoraldilemma.C.RulesofdrivingAVsinbigcitieslikeSeattle. D.DifferentsituationsofaccidentscausedbyAVs.38.WhatmightbeJiXuehong’sopinioninthelastparagraph?A.AVsremaindifficulttodrive. B.AVsrequirebettertrafficlaws.C.AVscancausealotoftrouble. D.AVscanreplacehumandrivers.39.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofthispassage?A. B.C. D.【答案】36.A37.D38.B39.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文主要探討了自動駕駛車輛面臨的道德困境和規(guī)則問題。【36題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Thecarmusteitherturnleftandhitan8-year-oldgirl,orturnrightandhitmanywalkers.Ontopofthis“moraldilemma”,ifthecardoesn’tturn,youcouldbeindanger.Whatdecisionwouldyouwantthecartomake?”可知，這里是指遇到一個難以抉擇的困境，所以A選項把dilemma放進去語境合適，意思是“是接受國外的工作還是與家人在一起，她面臨著兩難的選擇?！惫蔬xA?！?7題詳解】段落大意題。第六段主要描述了兩起自動駕駛車輛事故的具體情況，分別發(fā)生在中國武漢和美國西雅圖，并討論了事故責(zé)任的歸屬問題。因此，該段落的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于不同自動駕駛車輛事故的具體情況和責(zé)任認(rèn)定。故選D?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ThesituationsofdifferentaccidentscausedbyAVsaresocomplex(復(fù)雜的)that‘nowtherearenoveryclearlawsaboutit’,saidJiXuehong,aresearcherfromNorthChinaUniversityoftechnology.”可知，由于自動駕駛車輛引發(fā)的不同事故情況很復(fù)雜，現(xiàn)在還沒有非常明確的法律，由此可推斷出季學(xué)鴻認(rèn)為自動駕駛車輛需要更好的交通法規(guī)。故選B?！?9題詳解】篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章第一段通過一個假設(shè)情景引出自動駕駛車輛面臨的道德困境問題，第二段進一步闡述相關(guān)問題。這兩段都是Leadin部分，引入文章的主題；第三段引用教授的話說明道德困境沒有明確答案，第四段通過科學(xué)家的研究說明人們對于自動駕駛車輛安全的不同想法。這兩段是并列關(guān)系，屬于Moraldilemma部分；第五段指出自動駕駛車輛不僅帶來道德困境還帶來規(guī)則問題，第六段通過兩個實際事故例子說明，第七段說明由于情況復(fù)雜目前沒有明確法律。五六七段屬于Problemswithrules部分，且六七段是對第五段的分述。A選項結(jié)構(gòu)符合，故選A。V.口語運用。(每小題1分，共5分)閱讀下面對話，從下面7個選項中選擇5個恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥油瓿纱藢υ?。A:Morning.LingLing.Whatareyoudoing?B:IamlookingthroughthephotosItookinSanya.MyfamilyandIspentourSpringFestivalthere.A:Wow,Sanyaisaniceplacetospendholidays.___40___B:Wetastedthefreshseafood,watchedthewonderfulmovie,NezhaIIandenjoyedthewarmweather.A:___41___B:Yeah.HowdidyouspendyourSpringFestival?A:___42___Theywereveryexcitedtoseemyparentsandme.B:___43___A:Yes.MycousinsandIsetofffireworkstogether.ItwasthefirsttimeIhadtrieditbecauseitwasnotallowedinthecity.___44___B:Itseemsthatwebothhadfunduringthefestival.A.What’sspecialaboutit?BYoucan’timaginehowexcitedIwas.C.Iwenttothecountrysideandvisitedmyuncleandaunt.D.Ibelieveyoureallyhadagreattime.E.Didanythingspecialhappenthere?F.WhydidyougotoSanya?G.Whatdidyoudothere?【答案】40.G41.D42.C43.E44.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一個關(guān)于春節(jié)假期經(jīng)歷的日常對話?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)“Wow,Sanyaisaniceplacetospendholidays.”和“Wetastedthefreshseafood…”可知，此處應(yīng)詢問在三亞的具體活動。選項G“你們在那里做了什么？”符合語境，故選G?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)“Yeah.HowdidyouspendyourSpringFestival?”和“Wetastedthefreshseafood,watchedthewonderfulmovi”可知，此處應(yīng)表達(dá)對對方假期的認(rèn)同。選項D“我相信你們玩得很開心?！狈险Z境，故選D?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)“HowdidyouspendyourSpringFestival?”可知，此處應(yīng)說明春節(jié)是如何度過的。選項C“我去了鄉(xiāng)下看望叔叔阿姨?！狈险Z境，故選C?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)“Yes.MycousinsandIsetofffireworkstogether.ItwasthefirsttimeIhadtrieditbecauseitwasnotallowedinthecity”可知，此處應(yīng)詢問是否有特殊經(jīng)歷，是一般疑問句。選項E“在那里發(fā)生了什么特別的事嗎？”符合語境，故選E?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)“ItwasthefirsttimeIhadtriedit…”可知，此處應(yīng)補充興奮心情。選項B“你想象不到我有多興奮。”符合語境，故選B。第Ⅱ卷(50分)VI.任務(wù)型閱讀。(1-2每小題2分，3-4每小題3分，共10分)閱讀下文并回答問題。Haveyoueverpaidcloseattentiontoacloudandnoticeditsever-changingforms?Ifnot,youcouldbemissingoutonsomethingquitewonderful.Cloudadmiringisanactivitywithoutathreshold(門檻)anditdoesn’trequiremuch.Sometimes,itcanbeaninvitationtobeamazedbysomethingsocommonthatwe’vebecomeblindtoit.Oryoucangodeeper,tryingtomakesenseoftheskybylearningthedifferentkindsofclouds.Zheng,25,apopscienceblogger,isknownasthe“CloudCollector”onXiaohongshu.In2021,Zhengstartedtotakecloudphotos.“Cloudshavealwaysservedasastressreliefformanypeoplelikeme,”saidZhengfromFujian.“Ireallyfeelrelaxedinrecordingthebeautyofdailylife.”Forthepurposeofspreadinglovelymomentstomorepeople,Zhengstartedtosharecloudphotosin2022.Byadmiringclouds,sheadded,peoplecanknowwhentotakeanumbrella,whethertowearsunglassesorwhentoputonwarmcoats.Italsooffersachancetobreaktheicewithastrangernexttoyoubyasking“Howistheweathertoday?”afteryouwatchtheclouds.Asagrowingnumberofonlineusersbegantoshowinterestandraisequestions,Zhengrealizedthatshecouldoffermoresciencecontent(內(nèi)容)aboutcloudadmiring.Soshestartedtolearnmorebyreadingprofessionalbooksandpapersonclouds.Zhenghasnowsharednearly200piecesofpopularsc