安徽省蕪湖市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期教學(xué)質(zhì)量統(tǒng)測英語試題 含解析

第1頁/共1頁2022—2023學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期蕪湖市教學(xué)質(zhì)量統(tǒng)測高二英語試題卷滿分100分,考試用時120分鐘注意事項:1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、學(xué)校、考場/座位號、班級、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卷上,將條形碼橫貼在答題卷右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。2.作答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用2B鉛筆在答題卷上對應(yīng)題目選項的答案信息點涂黑;如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試題卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答,答案必須寫在答題卷各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi);如需改動,先劃掉原來的答案,然后再寫上新答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液,不按以上要求作答無效。4.考生必須保證答題卷的整潔,考試結(jié)束后,將試題卷和答題卷一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分10分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題0.5分,滿分2.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Alibrary.B.Ahospital.C.Abank.2.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthenewteacher?A.Hedislikestheteacher.B.Headmirestheteacher.C.Hethinkstheteacherishumorous.3.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heappliedforanewjob.B.Heranacomputercompany.C.Heknewnothingaboutcomputers.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Family.B.Careers.C.Healthproblems.5.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Excited.B.Lucky.C.Confused.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題0.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.WhydoesLindaaskherdaddytobuysomethingforher?A.Becauseitwillbecoldsoon.B.BecauseitisLinda’sbirthdaytomorrow.C.Becausehehasalotofmoney.7.WhatdoesLinda’sfatherwanttobuyforheratfirst?A.Anewcoat.B.Amobilephone.C.Anewdictionary.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.WhatwillthemandoonSaturday?A.Shopwiththewoman.B.Attendawedding.C.Stayathome.9.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobuy?A.Adress.B.Abicycle.C.Abackpack.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Howmanypeoplearethereinthewoman’sfamily?A.13.B.23.C.30.11.What’sthemangoingtodoforChristmas?A.Gotoaparty.B.TraveltoCanada.C.Visithisfriends.12.Whatdoesthemanpromisethewoman?A.Toteachhertoski.B.Tobringheragift.C.Tovisitherfamily.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whoisthepenfor?A.Theman’sson.B.Theman’sdaughter.C.Theman’swife.14.Whatcolourpendoesthemanwant?A.Apurpleone.B.Ablackone.C.Ayellowone.15.Howmuchdoesthepenwitharedleathercovercost?A.$20.B.$23.C.$25.16.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Buyanotherpen.B.Returntothestoretomorrow.C.Waitforthewoman’scall.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.WhenwasShakespeareandCompanyfirstopened?A.In1919.B.In1941.C.In1951.18.WhatservicedidMsBeach’sbookstoreoffer?A.Givingfoodtoreaders.B.Teachingpeoplehowtowrite.C.Offeringbedsforwriters.19.WhywasMsBeach’sbookstoreclosed?A.Shefacedstrongcompetition.B.Shedidn’thaveenoughmoney.C.Shewasforcedtocloseit.20.WhatdoweknowaboutMrWhitman?A.HeusedtoworkatMsBeach’sbookstore.B.HefollowedMsBeach’swaysofdoingbusiness.C.HewasaregularcustomerofMsBeach’sbookstore.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIfyouwanttofillyourshelveswiththebestbooksofalltimeyou’reintherightplace.WheretheSidewalkEndsbyShelSilverstein(1974)TheimaginationofShelSilversteinisonfulldisplayinthisclassiccollectionofshortstoriesandpoems.Thebookistrulyoneofthebestpoetrybooksofalltimebecauseofitsstayingpowerforchildren.ThestoriesofthisAmericanpoet,author,singerandfolkartisthavesomethingforeveryone.AnnaKareninabyLeoTolstoy(1878)Mostcriticsregarditasoneofthemosttypicalliterarylovestories.Theauthor’sRussiantaleofunfortunateloversisfilledwithfascinatingquoteslike,“Hesteppeddown,tryingnottolooklongather,asifshewerethesun,yethesawher,likethesun,evenwithoutlooking.”Thisonebelongsonanybookcollector’sshelf.TheLittlePrincebyAntoinedeSaint-Exupery(1943)Itisatimelesstaleofaprince’sjourneyinsearchofadventure.Whathefinds,however,areinteractionswithadultswholeavehimsoupset.It’soneofthemostappealingshortbookswe’veeverreadandalsooneofthemostwidelyreadchildren’sclassicsallovertheworld.TheShiningbyStephenKing(1977)Themasterofmysterymustbeincludedinanylistofbooksyoushouldreadinalifetime.That’swhyyouwillfindithere.Horrorfanstakenote:ThisisoneofthescariestandbestStephenKingbooksofalltime.1.Inwhichbookcanwereadaboutunfortunatelovers?A.AnnaKarenina. B.TheShining.CTheLittlePrince. D.WheretheSidewalkEnds.2.Whichwriterisgoodattellingatimelessjourneyofadventure?A.ShelSilverstein. B.StephenKing.C.AntoinedeSaint-Exupery. D.LeoTolstoy.3.WhatdoWheretheSidewalkEndsandTheShininghaveincommon?A.Theyarebothnovels.B.Theyarebothforchildren.C.Theyarebothaboutadults.D.Theywerebothwritteninthe1970s.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章推薦了適合放在書架上的幾本好書。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AnnaKarenina中關(guān)鍵句“Theauthor’sRussiantaleofunfortunateloversisfilledwithfascinatingquoteslike,“Hesteppeddown,tryingnottolooklongather,asifshewerethesun,yethesawher,likethesun,evenwithoutlooking.”(作者寫的關(guān)于不幸戀人的俄羅斯故事充滿了迷人的語錄，比如，“他走下樓梯，盡量不去看她，就好像她是太陽一樣，但他甚至不看她，就像太陽一樣看到了她?！?”可知，《安娜·卡列尼娜》這本書講述了不幸戀人的故事。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheLittlePrince中關(guān)鍵句“Itisatimelesstaleofaprince’sjourneyinsearchofadventure.(這是一個關(guān)于王子尋找冒險之旅的永恒故事)”可知，《小王子》講述了一個永恒的冒險之旅的故事，作者是AntoinedeSaint-Exupery。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WheretheSidewalkEnds的寫作時間：1974及TheShining的寫作時間：1977可知，這兩本書的共同點是它們都寫于20世紀(jì)70年代（1970s）。故選D。BNomatterhowmanytimesSandyhasrescuedananimal,shenevergetsoverthecasualcrueltysomepeopledisplaytowardunwantedpets.Whenshelostherown“angel”dog,shestartedLogan’sLegacytohelpotherpetsinneed.Sandyrecentlyreceivedaphonecallaboutasmalldog,possiblyapuppy,thathadbeenabandonedonastreet.Sinceshewastoofartohelpon,shecalledafriendwholivesnearbytogetthereassoonaspossible.WhenherfriendTomarrived,hefoundatinydogcurled(蜷縮)inatightballwiththechainfirmlytiedtoatree.Someonehadleftfoodandwaterforher,butthepuppywastoofrightenedtoeatordrink.Oncegatheredupinablanketandplacedintothebackseatofthecar,shebegantogetweakquicklyfromdehydration(脫水)andexhaustion.Themomentshegotsomewaterandfood,thepuppymadearapidrecovery,andherlovelyandsweetpersonalitycouldfinallyshine!“WehavenamedherCiCi,”Sandyadded,“Sheisfeelingsomuchbetter.Shehasbeenobservedatmyplaceandsheisdoinggreat.Thissweetbabygirlwillneverfeelfearfulagain,andwon’teverbeabandonedagain.”AfterwinningheartsatSandy’soffice,CiCihasbeenapprovedforadoptingandwillsoonleaveforhernewlife.Sandyandherfellowrescuersaretryingtheirbesttofindhertheperfectfamilytoloveherandtreatherwiththerespectalllivingcreaturesdeserve!4.WhatdidSandyfeelithardtoovercome?A.Thecasualhumanity. B.Thecrueltyofhumanity.C.Thekindhumannature. D.Theweaknessofkindness.5.Howwasthedog’sconditionwhenfirstfound?A.Shesufferedaseriousillness.B.Shehadnothingtoeatordrink.C.Shegotlostfarawayfromhome.D.Shewasscaredandinpoorhealth.6.WhatwillbeCiCi’sprobablefuturelife?A.Shewillstoptakingmedicine.B.Shewillcontinuefurthertreatment.C.Shewillhaveaperfectmatchforhome.D.ShewillgetonwellwithSandyforever.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.AWarmHomeforCiCiB.DogSavedHeartFulfilledC.ATerribleExperienceofCiCiD.SavingDogsSavingThemselves【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。丟失愛犬的Sandy成立了“洛根的遺產(chǎn)”幫助其他需要幫助的寵物，本文講述了Sandy和朋友救助小狗Cici并幫助她找新家的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“NomatterhowmanytimesSandyhasrescuedananimal,shenevergetsoverthecasualcrueltysomepeopledisplaytowardunwantedpets.(不管桑迪救了多少只動物，她都無法擺脫一些人對不想要的寵物的隨意虐待)”可知，Sandy無法擺脫人們對于不想要寵物的隨意虐待，這是一種人性的殘忍。故選B。5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“WhenherfriendTomarrived,hefoundatinydogcurled(蜷縮)inatightballwiththechainfirmlytiedtoatree.Someonehadleftfoodandwaterforher,butthepuppywastoofrightenedtoeatordrink.Oncegatheredupinablanketandplacedintothebackseatofthecar,shebegantogetweakquicklyfromdehydration(脫水)andexhaustion.(當(dāng)她的朋友湯姆到達(dá)時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)一只小狗蜷縮成一個緊緊的球，鏈子牢牢地拴在樹上。有人給她留了食物和水，但這只小狗太害怕了，不敢吃也不敢喝。她被包在毯子里，放在汽車后座上，由于脫水和疲憊，她開始迅速虛弱起來)”可知，當(dāng)小狗剛開始被發(fā)現(xiàn)時，她很害怕，身體狀況很差。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“AfterwinningheartsatSandy’soffice,CiCihasbeenapprovedforadoptingandwillsoonleaveforhernewlife.Sandyandherfellowrescuersaretryingtheirbesttofindhertheperfectfamilytoloveherandtreatherwiththerespectalllivingcreaturesdeserve!(在桑迪的辦公室贏得人心后，CiCi被批準(zhǔn)收養(yǎng)，并將很快開始她的新生活。桑迪和她的同伴們正在盡最大努力為她找到一個完美的家庭來愛她，并像對待所有生物一樣尊重她)”可推知，桑迪和她的同伴們正在努力為Cici找一個有愛的家庭來收養(yǎng)她，Cici未來的生活中會有一個完美的家庭。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“NomatterhowmanytimesSandyhasrescuedananimal,shenevergetsoverthecasualcrueltysomepeopledisplaytowardunwantedpets.Whenshelostherown“angel”dog,shestartedLogan’sLegacytohelpotherpetsinneed.(不管桑迪救了多少只動物，她都無法擺脫一些人對不想要的寵物的隨意虐待。當(dāng)她失去了自己的“天使”狗時，她創(chuàng)辦了“洛根的遺產(chǎn)”，幫助其他需要幫助的寵物)”及下文講述的Sandy和朋友救助小狗Cici并幫助她找新家的故事可知，本文介紹了丟失愛犬的Sandy幫助其他需要幫助的小動物的故事，B選項“狗狗得救的心得到滿足”符合本文主旨，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。CTheteathathasdelightedandfascinatedtheworldforthousandsofyearshasfinallyreceivedtop-levelglobalrecognitionasasharedculturaltreasureofmankind.China’straditionaltea-makingwasaddedonTuesdaytotheintangibleculturalheritagelistofUNESCO.ThetraditionalteaprocessingtechniquesandassociatedsocialpracticesinChinaconsistofknowledge,skillsandpracticesconcerningthemanagementofteaplantations,pickingoftealeaves,manual(手工的)processing,drinkingandsharingoftea.Sinceancienttimes,Chinesepeoplehavebeenplanting,picking,makinganddrinkingtea.Teaproducershavedevelopedsixcategoriesoftea:green,yellow,dark,white,oolongandblackteas.Togetherwithreprocessedteas,suchasflower-scentedteas,thereareover2,000teaproductsinChina.Tea-relatedcustomsarenotonlyfoundacrossthecountry,butalsoinfluencetherestoftheworldthroughtheancientSilkRoadandtraderoutes.TeaisubiquitousinChinesepeople’sdailylife,assteeped(浸泡)orboiledteaisservedinfamilies,workplaces,teahouses,restaurantsandtemples,etc.Itisalsoanimportantpartofsocializationandceremoniessuchasweddingsandsacrifices.Thepracticeofgreetingguestsandbuildingrelationshipswithinfamiliesandamongneighborsthroughtea-relatedactivitiesiscommontomultipleethnicgroups,providingasenseofsharedidentityandcontinuityforthecommunities.InChina,44registerednational-levelintangibleculturalheritageentriesarerelatedtotea.Thereareover40vocationalcollegesand80universitiesthathavesetupmajorsinteascienceorteaculture,resultinginover3,000graduatesspecializinginteaproductionandarteveryyear,accordingtotheministry.Chinanowhas43itemsontheintangibleculturalheritagelist,continuingtobethemostenlistedcountryintheworld.8.Whatcanbelearntfromthepassage?A.Chineseproducersdeveloped44categoriesoftea.B.Teaisquitepopularwithpeoplealloverthecountry.C.Morethan2,000teaproductscouldbefoundinChina.D.There’reabout300graduatesspecializinginteaproductioneveryyear.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”probablymean?A.rare B.common C.temporary D.available10.HowdoestheauthoremphasizethepromotionofteacultureinParagraph4?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Bymakingdefinitions.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingcomparisons.11.Inwhichkindofbookmaythistextappear?A.Atextbook. B.Atraveljournal.C.Astorybook. D.Aculturalmagazine.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。中國傳統(tǒng)文化——茶道被列入聯(lián)合國教科文組織非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄，文章介紹了中國茶葉產(chǎn)品種類和傳統(tǒng)加工工藝及相關(guān)茶文化等。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Togetherwithreprocessedteas,suchasflower-scentedteas,thereareover2,000teaproductsinChina.(再加上花茶等再加工茶葉，中國有2000多種茶葉產(chǎn)品)”可知，在中國可以找到2000多種茶葉產(chǎn)品。故選C。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“assteeped(浸泡)orboiledteaisservedinfamilies,workplaces,teahouses,restaurantsandtemples,etc.Itisalsoanimportantpartofsocializationandceremoniessuchasweddingsandsacrifices.(泡茶或煮茶在家庭、工作場所、茶館、餐館和寺廟等場所都有供應(yīng)。它也是社交和婚禮、祭祀等儀式的重要組成部分)”可推知，茶在中國人每日生活中是常見的，劃線詞與common意思相近。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“InChina,44registerednational-levelintangibleculturalheritageentriesarerelatedtotea.Thereareover40vocationalcollegesand80universitiesthathavesetupmajorsinteascienceorteaculture,resultinginover3,000graduatesspecializinginteaproductionandarteveryyear,accordingtotheministry.(在中國，有44個國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)項目與茶有關(guān)。據(jù)該部稱，有40多所職業(yè)院校和80多所大學(xué)開設(shè)了茶學(xué)或茶文化專業(yè)，每年有3000多名專業(yè)從事茶葉生產(chǎn)和藝術(shù)的畢業(yè)生)”可知，本段通過列數(shù)字來強調(diào)茶文化的推廣。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theteathathasdelightedandfascinatedtheworldforthousandsofyearshasfinallyreceivedtop-levelglobalrecognitionasasharedculturaltreasureofmankind.China’straditionaltea-makingwasaddedonTuesdaytotheintangibleculturalheritagelistofUNESCO.(幾千年來一直令世界欣喜和著迷的茶終于作為人類共同的文化瑰寶獲得了全球頂級的認(rèn)可。周二，中國傳統(tǒng)的茶道被列入聯(lián)合國教科文組織非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄)”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)文化——茶道被列入聯(lián)合國教科文組織非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄，同時介紹了中國茶葉產(chǎn)品種類和傳統(tǒng)加工工藝及相關(guān)茶文化等，因此，本文可能出自一本文化雜志。故選D。DTheInternet’scarbonfootprintisasbadasairtravel.Whileitisdifficulttomeasureprecisely,estimatesplaceitatovertwopercentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions(排放)—thesameastheairtravel.Informationmayappeartospreadaroundtheworldunseentooureyes,butitactuallypassesthroughenormousdatacentersplacedstrategicallyabouttheglobe,whichstore,organizeanddelivereveryone’sdata.Thesecentersareextremelyenergyintensive.IntheEU,theyconsumeclosetothreepercentofitstotalenergyusageandalsorequirelotsofwatertopreventtheircomputersfromoverheating.IntheUS,aboutafifthofdatacentersdrawwaterfromalreadystressedwatersources.Atypicalspamemail(垃圾郵件)emitsaround0.03gofCO2emissions,thoughlongermessagesreadonalaptopcangoallthewayupto26g.Nowmultiplythatby333billion(roughlythenumberofemailsthatgetsenteverydayin2022).Thatputsallthoseworkemailsintoperspective.OnestudyfoundifeveryBritishadultsentoneless“thankyou”emailaday,itwouldsave16,433tonsofcarbonayear.ItevenpredictedthattheICTindustrycouldaccountforuptoafifthoftheworld’senergyconsumptionby2025.However,therearemeasuresthatwecantaketoreduceourdigitalcarbonfootprint.Forinstance,youcanunsubscribefrommarketingandotherspamemailsandonlysubscribetonewslettersthatyoustillregularlyread.Haveregulardatacheckswhereyoudeleteoldcontactlistsandotherdocumentsthatnolongerhaveanyuse.Keepacleaninboxanddeleteemailsyounolongerneed.12.Whydoestheauthormakeacomparisoninthebeginning?A.Topresentthedigitalcarbonfootprint.B.Toemphasizetheimportanceofairtravel.C.Toadvisepeoplenottotravelbyairplane.D.ToinformthedisadvantagesoftheInternet.13.Whatcanweinferaboutdatacenters?A.Itenjoysawidepopularity.B.Ithasvariouskindsoffunctions.C.Itcauseslargeenergyconsumption.D.Ithasquiteacomplexmodeofoperation.14.What’sthepurposeofmentioningthefiguresinParagraph3?A.Todrawthereaders’attention.B.Toillustrateacertaininformation.C.TohighlightthechangeofCO2emission.D.TostresstheimportanceofreducingCO2emission.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsreducingdigitalcarbonfootprint?A.Neutral. B.Optimistic.C.Unfavorable. D.Concerned.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了在數(shù)字時代，網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)的儲存、組織和傳送會造成巨大的碳排放，文章建議了幾種方法可以減少數(shù)字碳足跡。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheInternet’scarbonfootprintisasbadasairtravel.Whileitisdifficulttomeasureprecisely,estimatesplaceitatovertwopercentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions—thesameastheairtravel.(互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的碳足跡和航空旅行一樣糟糕。雖然難以精確測量，但據(jù)估計，它占全球溫室氣體排放量的2%以上，與航空旅行相同)”可推知，作者在第一段將互聯(lián)網(wǎng)碳足跡和航空旅行碳足跡相比是為了展示數(shù)字碳足跡。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thesecentersareextremelyenergyintensive.IntheEU,theyconsumeclosetothreepercentofitstotalenergyusageandalsorequirelotsofwatertopreventtheircomputersfromoverheating.IntheUS,aboutafifthofdatacentersdrawwaterfromalreadystressedwatersources.(這些中心都是能源密集型的。在歐盟，電腦消耗了近3%的總能源消耗，而且還需要大量的水來防止電腦過熱。在美國，大約五分之一的數(shù)據(jù)中心從已經(jīng)緊張的水源中取水)”可推知，數(shù)據(jù)中心造成了大量的能源消耗。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Atypicalspamemail(垃圾郵件)emitsaround0.03gofCO2emissions,thoughlongermessagesreadonalaptopcangoallthewayupto26g.Nowmultiplythatby333billion(roughlythenumberofemailsthatgetsenteverydayin2022).(一封典型的垃圾郵件的二氧化碳排放量約為0.03克，而在筆記本電腦上閱讀較長的信息的二氧化碳排放量可高達(dá)26克?，F(xiàn)在再乘以3330億封（大概是2022年每天發(fā)送的電子郵件數(shù)量）)”及“OnestudyfoundifeveryBritishadultsentoneless“thankyou”emailaday,itwouldsave16,433tonsofcarbonayear.ItevenpredictedthattheICTindustrycouldaccountforuptoafifthoftheworld’senergyconsumptionby2025.(一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果每個英國成年人每天少發(fā)一封“感謝”郵件，一年就能減少16433噸碳排放。它甚至預(yù)測，到2025年，信息通信技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)將占到世界能源消耗的五分之一)”可知，本段通過列舉數(shù)字說明了網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)能造成巨大的碳排放，因此，這一段是為了強調(diào)減少二氧化碳排放的重要性。故選D。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“However,therearemeasuresthatwecantaketoreduceourdigitalcarbonfootprint.(然而，我們可以采取一些措施來減少我們的數(shù)字碳足跡)”及下文提到的幾種方法可知，作者認(rèn)為數(shù)字碳足跡問題可以改善，持樂觀態(tài)度。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Beingapeople-pleaser(討好型人格)issecondnaturetomanypeople.Wetendtocalmthosearoundus,oftenregardlessofourownneeds.Actually,itisunhealthytodoso.___16___Herearesometipsonecanfollow.Besureofyourownvalue.Youwerecreateddifferentlyfromeveryotherhuman.Overcomingpeople-pleasingstartswithclearlyknowingthevalueofyourthoughtsandactions,andthatyourpresencematters.Bypleasingpeopleatthecostofyourowndesires,you’reforgettingthatyouarehereforareason.___17___Whensomethinggoeswrong,it’squitenaturalformetosaysorry.Itisprettytrueofyouifyou’reapeople-pleasertoo.However,beforewordsofapologytripfromyourlips,stopandlookatthesituation.Apologizesincerelyandtimelyonconditionthatit’sreallyyourfault.Otherwisejustletitgo.Keepsayingno.___18___Indeed,gettingoverpeople-pleasingrequirespeopletounderstandthatyoucansaynoandmeanit.Sayingnomaybehard,butthemoreyousayit,themoreyouunderstandhowimportantitistosay.Speakup.People-pleasersliketoagreewiththemasses.Wearequiet,listening,waitingtoagreeonwhateverdecisionisreached.Manytimes,Isimplystayedquietandagreed,evenwhenIreallydidn’tliketheplansatall.AndbitternesssurgedwhenIwasaskedtodealwithwhatIdidn’twant.___19___Evensometimesyouhavetoshoutsoastobeheard.Withoutanydoubt,it’sdifficulttogoagainstthenaturethatyoutendtopleaseeveryonearoundyou.___20___It’sthesamewithme.Thebestpartiswegetthegraceofanewdaytotryalloveragain.A.Saysorryactively.B.Apologizeproperly.C.Itseemscommontoagreetoeverything.D.Chancesarethatyou’llfailintooldpatternsmidway.E.Whatcountsmuchistochangesomeofyourdailyhabits.F.Sayingnoisalwaysthefirstchoiceformanypeopletomake.G.Learntouseyourvoicebravelyifyou’dliketoovercomepeople-pleasing.【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.G20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了如何改變“討好型人格”習(xí)慣的一些方法。16題詳解】上文“Beingapeople-pleaser(討好型人格)issecondnaturetomanypeople.Wetendtocalmthosearoundus,oftenregardlessofourownneeds.Actually,itisunhealthytodoso.(成為一個討人喜歡的人是許多人的第二天性。我們往往會不顧自己的需要，讓周圍的人平靜下來。事實上，這樣做是不健康的)”講到了討好型人格往往會不顧自己，討好別人，是不健康的，下文“Herearesometipsonecanfollow.(這里有一些建議可以遵循)”及下文介紹如何改變這種人格的方法，E選項“重要的是改變你的一些日常習(xí)慣”表示要改變這種習(xí)慣，從而改變討好型人格，承上啟下。故選E?！?7題詳解】空處為小標(biāo)題，后文“However,beforewordsofapologytripfromyourlips,stopandlookatthesituation.Apologizesincerelyandtimelyonconditionthatit’sreallyyourfault.Otherwisejustletitgo.(然而，在你道歉之前，停下來看看情況。真誠而及時地道歉，前提是這真的是你的錯。否則就隨它去吧)”表明不要一味地道歉，如果真是自己的錯誤才應(yīng)該道歉，B選項“適當(dāng)?shù)狼浮笨梢愿爬ū拘《沃髦肌９蔬xB。【18題詳解】下文“Indeed,gettingoverpeople-pleasingrequirespeopletounderstandthatyoucansaynoandmeanit.(事實上，克服討好別人的習(xí)慣需要人們明白，你可以說不，而且是認(rèn)真的)”并結(jié)合本段小標(biāo)題可知，此處表示要勇敢拒絕，C選項“一切都同意似乎很常見”表示同意是常見的，與后文形成對比，引出下文的觀點，適合作為段首句。故選C。

【19題詳解】上文“Manytimes,Isimplystayedquietandagreed,evenwhenIreallydidn’tliketheplansatall.AndbitternesssurgedwhenIwasaskedtodealwithwhatIdidn’twant.(很多時候，我只是保持沉默并同意，即使我真的不喜歡這些計劃。當(dāng)我被要求處理我不想要的東西時，痛苦就會涌上心頭)”表示作者保持沉默勉強接受不喜歡的計劃，但是內(nèi)心痛苦，下文“Evensometimesyouhavetoshoutsoastobeheard.(甚至有時候你必須大聲喊叫才能讓別人聽到)”可知，空處表示應(yīng)說出自己的想法，G選項“如果你想克服取悅別人的缺點，就要學(xué)會勇敢地使用自己的聲音”符合主旨。故選G。【20題詳解】上文“Withoutanydoubt,it’sdifficulttogoagainstthenaturethatyoutendtopleaseeveryonearoundyou.(毫無疑問，想要違背你喜歡取悅身邊每一個人的天性是很難的)”表示改變習(xí)慣是困難的，下文“It’sthesamewithme.Thebestpartiswegetthegraceofanewdaytotryalloveragain.(我也一樣。最好的部分是我們得到了新的一天的恩典，可以重新開始)”表示作者也是一樣，但是可以不停嘗試，D選項“很有可能你會中途陷入舊的模式”符合上文說明改變天性是困難的這一觀點，表示有可能會失敗，符合語境。故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分25分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。In2005,RachelO’Neill,ofRockwood,Michigan,wasworkingfull-timeasanassistantinanengineeringcompany.While___21___inalocalcharity,she’dneverdoneanyglobalvolunteering.ButafteratravelinAfricaforherfiftiethbirthday,followedbyatriptoMalawi,shesaid,“IfeltIhadtodosomethingmore.”Shewasstruckbytheheavyworkdonebygirlsto___22___theirfamilies.“Iwantedawaytohonorthem,”shesays.She___23___afewwomenatherlocalchurchtomake1,000simple___24___,whichwere___25___togirlsinMalawi.Rachel___26___hergoalthatfirstyear.Aswordspread,donations___27___in.“Dressesstartedcomingeverydayfromalloverthecountry!”Rachelsays.In2008,withoutany___28___,shestartedanonprofitorganizationcalledLittleDressesforAfrica,withagoalofgettingsimplehomemadedressesforgirls(andpantsforboys)in___29___communities,wherepeoplehardlychangetheir____30____forayear.Sofar,morethan10milliondresseshavebeendonatedtochildrenin97countries,includingtheUnitedStates,thoughAfricaremainsafocus.ThenonprofitrunsadistributioncenterinMalawiandworks____31____withcommunityleaderstheretodistributedonateddressesandpants,whichhaveproventhekeytokeepinggirlsinschool.“NearlyhalfofMalawi’spopulationisunderage14,”Rachelsays,“Weare____32____meetingtheirneeds.Fordressdesignsanddonatinginformation,goto.Weonlyaskpeopletomakehigh-quality,colorfulclothes.”Shealsoasksformoneyto____33____shippingcosts,estimatedat$2adress.____34____donationshaveallowedLittleDressesforAfricatoaddressotherneeds,includingbuildingmorethan85wellsandtwoprimaryschools.“Icouldn’thavedoneanyofthisonmyown,”Rachelsays,“Butwhenyoustepoutin____35____,miracles(奇跡)mayhappen.”21.A.active B.internal C.elegant D.primitive22.A.load B.preserve C.support D.form23.A.interrupted B.prevented C.persuaded D.warned24.A.dresses B.cakes C.books D.trousers25.A.led B.donated C.floated D.leaked26.A.set B.achieved C.lost D.had27.A.flooded B.froze C.dived D.took28.A.experiment B.exposure C.evidence D.experience29.A.simple B.harmonious C.royal D.poor30.A.customs B.hairstyles C.clothes D.possessions31.A.violently B.directly C.severely D.hurriedly32.A.apartfrom B.farfrom C.absentfrom D.tiredfrom33.A.cover B.charge C.shelter D.remove34.A.Urgent B.Distinct C.Generous D.General35.A.trouble B.danger C.faith D.silence【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.A25.B26.B27.A28.D29.D30.C31.B32.B33.A34.C35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了RachelO’Neill號召婦女為非洲馬拉維地區(qū)的女孩制作并捐贈連衣裙，并成立組織“非洲小禮服”來幫助全球孩子的故事。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然她活躍于當(dāng)?shù)氐拇壬茩C構(gòu)，但她從未做過任何全球性的志愿服務(wù)。A.active活躍的；B.internal內(nèi)部的；C.elegant優(yōu)雅的；D.primitive原始的。根據(jù)“she’dneverdoneanyglobalvolunteering”及“While”結(jié)合后文“IfeltIhadtodosomethingmore.”可知，此處表示盡管Rachel活躍于慈善機構(gòu)，但是她從來沒有參加過全球性的志愿服務(wù)。故選A項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：女孩們?yōu)榱损B(yǎng)家而做的繁重工作給她留下了深刻的印象。A.load裝載；B.preserve保護，保存；C.support支持；D.form形成。根據(jù)“bytheheavyworkdonebygirlsto___2___theirfamilies”可知，女孩們做繁重的工作是為了養(yǎng)家。supportone’sfamily意思為：養(yǎng)家。故選C項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她說服當(dāng)?shù)亟烫玫囊恍D女制作了1000件簡單的連衣裙，并將其捐贈給馬拉維的女孩。A.interrupted打斷；B.prevented預(yù)防；C.persuaded說服；D.warned警告。根據(jù)“afewwomenatherlocalchurchtomake1,000simple___4___”可知，因為是志愿者活動，Rachel說服了當(dāng)?shù)亟烫玫膵D女做志愿活動。選項C項。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.dresses連衣裙；B.cakes蛋糕；C.books書本；D.trousers長褲。根據(jù)下文“gettingsimplehomemadedressesforgirls”可知，此處表示為女孩們做連衣裙。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.led帶領(lǐng)；B.donated捐贈；C.floated漂浮；D.leaked泄露。根據(jù)上文“Iwantedawaytohonorthem”可知，Rachel組織女人們做連衣裙捐贈給非洲的女孩們。故選B項。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：瑞秋第一年就實現(xiàn)了她的目標(biāo)。A.set設(shè)置；B.achieved實現(xiàn)；C.lost丟失；D.had有。根據(jù)“Aswordspread”及“thatfirstyear”可知，Rachel第一年就實現(xiàn)了捐贈目標(biāo)。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：消息傳開后，捐贈如潮水般涌來。A.flooded大量涌來；B.froze使凍?。籆.dived潛水；D.took帶走。根據(jù)“Dressesstartedcomingeverydayfromalloverthecountry!”可知，捐贈還是如潮水般涌來。故選A項。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2008年，在沒有任何經(jīng)驗的情況下，她創(chuàng)辦了一個名為“非洲小禮服”的非營利組織，目標(biāo)是為貧困社區(qū)的女孩提供簡單的自制連衣裙（為男孩提供褲子），那里的人們一年幾乎不換衣服。A.experiment實驗；B.exposure暴露，接觸；C.evidence證據(jù)；D.experience經(jīng)驗。根據(jù)“shestartedanonprofitorganizationcalledLittleDressesforAfrica”可知，Rachel以前一直做志愿活動，這是第一次成立組織，所以是沒有任何經(jīng)驗的。故選D項。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.simple簡單的；B.harmonious和諧的；C.royal皇家的；D.poor貧窮的。根據(jù)“wherepeoplehardlychangetheir___10___forayear.”可知，Rachel成立組織為了貧窮地區(qū)的孩子捐贈衣物。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.customs風(fēng)俗；B.hairstyles發(fā)型；C.clothes衣服；D.possessions財產(chǎn)。根據(jù)“simplehomemadedressesforgirls(andpantsforboys)”可知，捐贈的是衣服，所以推斷出，這些地方的孩子們幾乎一年到頭都不換衣服。故選C項。【31題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這個非營利組織在馬拉維經(jīng)營著一個配送中心，直接與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人合作，分發(fā)捐贈的裙子和褲子，事實證明，這些衣服和褲子是讓女孩上學(xué)的關(guān)鍵。A.violently劇烈地；B.directly直接地；C.severely秘密地；D.hurriedly匆忙地。根據(jù)“withcommunityleaders”可知，這個組織直接與社區(qū)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人合作，不經(jīng)過別人轉(zhuǎn)手。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我們遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足他們的需要。A.apartfrom除……外；B.farfrom遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)離；C.absentfrom缺席；D.tiredfrom疲勞于。根據(jù)“NearlyhalfofMalawi’spopulationisunderage14”可知，馬拉維幾乎一半的人口都小于14歲，所以，捐贈的量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足需要。故選B項。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她還要求支付運費，估計每條裙子要2美元。A.cover覆蓋，包含；B.charge管理，要價；C.shelter保護，掩蔽；D.remove去除。根據(jù)“moneyto___13___shippingcosts,estimatedat$2adress.”可知，此處收到的捐款要包含運費。故選A項。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：慷慨的捐款使“非洲小禮服”得以解決其他需求，包括建造超過85口井和兩所小學(xué)。A.Urgent緊急的；B.Distinct不同的；C.Generous慷慨的；D.General普遍的。根據(jù)上文“Weonlyaskpeop