運(yùn)籌學(xué)知到課后答案智慧樹(shù)章節(jié)測(cè)試答案2025年春寧夏大學(xué)

運(yùn)籌學(xué)知到課后答案智慧樹(shù)章節(jié)測(cè)試答案2025年春寧夏大學(xué)第一章單元測(cè)試

Whichhistoricaleventsignificantlycontributedtothedevelopmentofoperationsresearch?（）

A:TheIndustrialRevolutionB:WorldWarIC:TheColdWarD:WorldWarII

答案:WorldWarIIWhoisoftencreditedasthefatherofoperationsresearch?（）

A:JohnvonNeumannB:FrederickTaylorC:GeorgeDantzigD:CharlesBabbage

答案:GeorgeDantzigOperationsresearchisprimarilyconcernedwithoptimizingtheuseofwhichofthefollowing?（）

A:FinancialassetsB:MilitarytacticsC:ResourcesandprocessesD:Humanresources

答案:ResourcesandprocessesTheSimplexmethod,akeyalgorithminoperationsresearch,wasdevelopedbywhichmathematician?（）

A:LeonidKantorovichB:JohnNashC:GeorgeDantzigD:RichardBellman

答案:GeorgeDantzigWhichofthefollowingisNOTacommontechniqueusedinoperationsresearch?（）

A:SimulationB:GametheoryC:CognitivebehavioraltherapyD:Linearprogramming

答案:Cognitivebehavioraltherapy

第二章單元測(cè)試

Inthestepofformulatingamathematicalmodel,whichofthefollowingisnotinvolved?（）

A:DefiningobjectivefunctionsB:DefiningdecisionvariablesC:DefiningconstraintsD:Applyingthemodeldirectly

答案:ApplyingthemodeldirectlyWhatbackgroundknowledgeisrecommendedforstudentstakingthiscourse?（）

A:AdvancedprogrammingskillsB:Basicunderstandingofalgebra,calculus,probability,andstatisticsC:ExtensiveexperienceineconomicsD:Priorknowledgeofartificialintelligence

答案:Basicunderstandingofalgebra,calculus,probability,andstatisticsWhichofthefollowingjobrolesisdirectlyassociatedwiththeskillstaughtinthisOperationsResearchcourse?（）

A:MarketingSpecialistB:OperationsResearchAnalystC:HumanResourcesManagerD:SoftwareDeveloper

答案:OperationsResearchAnalystReal-worldproblemsoftenhaveasingle"right"model.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:錯(cuò)WhichofthefollowingarephasesinvolvedinacomprehensivestudyconductedbyORandanalyticsprofessionals?（）

A:PreparetoapplyandimplementthemodelB:TestthemodelandmakeanynecessaryrefinementsC:DefinetheproblemandgatherthenecessarydataD:UsedescriptiveandpredictiveanalyticstoanalyzebigdataE:Formulateamathematicalmodelandderivesolutionsfromit

答案:Preparetoapplyandimplementthemodel###Testthemodelandmakeanynecessaryrefinements###Definetheproblemandgatherthenecessarydata###Usedescriptiveandpredictiveanalyticstoanalyzebigdata###Formulateamathematicalmodelandderivesolutionsfromit

第三章單元測(cè)試

WhichofthefollowingisthefirststepintheproblemsolvingprocessforOperationsResearch(OR.andanalyticsprofessionals?（）

A:GatheringrelevantdataB:DefiningtheproblemC:FormulatingamathematicalmodelD:Testingthemodel

答案:DefiningtheproblemWhichofthefollowingbestdefineslinearprogramming?（）

A:AprogramminglanguageusedfordevelopingsoftwareB:AmethodforsolvingdifferentialequationsC:Amathematicaltechniqueforoptimizingalinearobjectivefunction,subjecttolinearconstraintsD:Astatisticalmethodusedfordataanalysis

答案:Amathematicaltechniqueforoptimizingalinearobjectivefunction,subjecttolinearconstraintsInlinearprogramming,whatdoestheterm"objectivefunction"referto?（）

A:ThegraphicalrepresentationofthesolutionB:ThefunctionthatneedstobemaximizedorminimizedC:ThevariablesusedinthemodelD:Theconstraintsoftheproblem

答案:ThefunctionthatneedstobemaximizedorminimizedWhatare"constraints"inalinearprogrammingproblem?（）

A:ThesetofpossiblesolutionsB:ThevariablesthatcanbeadjustedC:ThelimitationsorrequirementsthatthesolutionmustsatisfyD:Themaximumvaluesoftheobjectivefunction

答案:ThelimitationsorrequirementsthatthesolutionmustsatisfyWhichofthefollowingisakeyobjectiveofaproductionplanninglinearprogrammingmodel?（）

A:MaximizeprofitsB:MinimizelaborcostsC:MinimizeproductiontimeD:Maximizeproductionvolume

答案:Maximizeprofits

第四章單元測(cè)試

WhatistheprimarygoaloftheSimplexmethod?（）

A:TofindtheoptimalsolutiontoalinearprogrammingproblemB:TosolvenonlinearoptimizationproblemsC:ToidentifyallpossiblesolutionsD:Tofindmultiplefeasiblesolutions

答案:TofindtheoptimalsolutiontoalinearprogrammingproblemThefirststepinsettinguptheSimplexmethodisto:（）

A:ComputetheobjectivefunctionB:IdentifythepivotelementC:DeterminetheoptimalsolutionD:Expressthelinearprogrammingprobleminstandardform

答案:ExpressthelinearprogrammingprobleminstandardformAlinearprogrammingproblemisinstandardformwhen:（）

A:AllvariablesarenonnegativeB:AllconstraintsareinequalitiesC:AllconstraintsareequalitiesandallvariablesarenonnegativeD:Theobjectivefunctionismaximized

答案:AllconstraintsareequalitiesandallvariablesarenonnegativeSlackvariablesareaddedtoconstraintsintheSimplexmethodto:（）

A:EnsureallconstraintshavethesamesignB:RemovetheobjectivefunctionC:EliminateredundantconstraintsD:Convertinequalitiesintoequalities

答案:ConvertinequalitiesintoequalitiesForabasicfeasiblesolutiontobeconsideredfeasible,itmust:（）

A:SatisfytheobjectivefunctionB:SatisfyalltheconstraintsC:SatisfyonlynonnegativityconstraintsD:Belocatedatthecentroidofthefeasibleregion

答案:Satisfyalltheconstraints

第五章單元測(cè)試

ArtificialvariablesareusedintheSimplexmethodwhen:（）

A:AconstraintcannotbesatisfiedB:AsurplusvariableisneededC:TheobjectivefunctionisnonlinearD:Aninitialbasicfeasiblesolutionisnotreadilyavailable

答案:AninitialbasicfeasiblesolutionisnotreadilyavailableIntheBigMmethod,whatdoesaverylargevalueof'M'represent?（）

A:AconstraintthatisalwayssatisfiedB:TheoptimalsolutionC:AconstraintthatshouldneverbesatisfiedD:Averylargecostorpenalty

答案:AverylargecostorpenaltyIntheBigMmethod,ifanartificialvariableremainsinthefinalsolutionwithapositivevalue,whatdoesitindicate?（）

A:TheproblemhasnofeasiblesolutionB:TheproblemisunboundedC:TheobjectivefunctionismaximizedD:Thesolutionisoptimal

答案:TheproblemhasnofeasiblesolutionWhatisthemainpurposeofthefirstphaseintheTwoPhasemethod?（）

A:TominimizetheobjectivefunctionB:TofindaninitialbasicfeasiblesolutionC:TomaximizetheobjectivefunctionD:Toremoveallartificialvariables

答案:TofindaninitialbasicfeasiblesolutionWhatistheobjectiveoftheartificialobjectivefunctioninPhase1oftheTwoPhasemethod?（）

A:TomaximizethesumoftheartificialvariablesB:TomaximizethevalueofMC:TofindthedualoftheproblemD:Tominimizethesumoftheartificialvariables

答案:Tominimizethesumoftheartificialvariables

第六章單元測(cè)試

Inthedualproblem,theobjectivefunctionis:（）

A:Thenegativeoftheprimalproblem'sobjectivefunctionB:ThesameasintheprimalproblemC:Minimizediftheprimalproblemismaximized,andviceversaD:Alwaysmaximizedregardlessoftheprimalproblem

答案:Minimizediftheprimalproblemismaximized,andviceversaThenumberofconstraintsinthedualproblemcorrespondstothenumberof__________intheprimalproblem.（）

A:VariablesB:SlackvariablesC:SurplusvariablesD:Constraints

答案:VariablesThedualproblemcanbeinterpretedas:（）

A:AsensitivityanalysisoftheprimalproblemB:AdifferentformofthesameproblemwithdifferentconstraintsC:AnequivalentproblemwithinterchangedrolesofconstraintsandvariablesD:Arelaxationoftheprimalproblem

答案:AnequivalentproblemwithinterchangedrolesofconstraintsandvariablesWhichofthefollowingremainsthesameinboththeprimalanddualproblems?（）

A:ThefeasibilityregionB:TheoptimalvalueoftheobjectivefunctionC:TheobjectivefunctionD:Thenumberofvariables

答案:TheoptimalvalueoftheobjectivefunctionWhichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestheStrongDualityTheorem?（）

A:Theoptimalvalueoftheprimalproblemisalwaysequaltothedualproblem.B:Theoptimalvalueoftheprimalproblemisunrelatedtothedualproblem.C:Theoptimalvalueoftheprimalproblemisalwayslessthanthedualproblem.D:Theoptimalvalueoftheprimalproblemisalwaysgreaterthanthedualproblem.

答案:Theoptimalvalueoftheprimalproblemisalwaysequaltothedualproblem.

第七章單元測(cè)試

Whatisthepurposeofsensitivityanalysisinaspreadsheetmodel?（）

A:ToautomatedecisionmakingprocessesB:TofindtheoptimalsolutiontoaproblemC:TovisualizedatatrendsovertimeD:Todeterminehowchangesininputvariablesaffecttheoutput

答案:TodeterminehowchangesininputvariablesaffecttheoutputWhichofthefollowingtoolsiscommonlyusedtoperformsensitivityanalysisinExcel?（）

A:DataValidationB:PivotTableC:GoalSeekD:Solver

答案:SolverWhenconductingsensitivityanalysis,whichvariableistypicallyvariedtoobservechangesintheoutput?（）

A:IndependentvariableB:DependentvariableC:DummyvariableD:Constantvariable

答案:IndependentvariableWhichofthefollowingbestdescribessensitivityanalysisinoperationsresearch?（）

A:AwaytoreduceuncertaintyinmodelpredictionsB:AprocessforcalculatingthemostlikelyoutcomeC:AmethodtoevaluatetheimpactofchangesininputparametersontheoutputD:Atechniqueusedtooptimizeamodel

答案:AmethodtoevaluatetheimpactofchangesininputparametersontheoutputInsensitivityanalysis,whichparameteristypicallyalteredtoobservetheeffectonthesolution?（）

A:ObjectivefunctioncoefficientsB:RighthandsideconstraintsC:DecisionvariablesD:Alloftheabove

答案:Alloftheabove

第八章單元測(cè)試

DuringtheiterationprocessoftheDualSimplexMethod,whichconditionismaintainedthroughout?（）

A:Optimalityintheprimalproblem.B:Feasibilityinthedualproblem.C:Feasibilityintheprimalproblem.D:Optimalityinthedualproblem.

答案:Optimalityinthedualproblem.WhenusingtheDualSimplexMethod,whattypicallyindicatesthatyouhavefoundanoptimalsolution?（）

A:Theobjectivefunctionvaluestopschanging.B:Allthedualvariablesarezero.C:Theprimalsolutionisfeasible.D:Allbasicvariablesarenonnegative.

答案:Allbasicvariablesarenonnegative.IntheDualSimplexMethod,whenselectingaleavingvariable,whichconditionmustitsatisfy?（）

A:Itmusthavethehighestcoefficientintheobjectivefunction.B:Itmustbethemostnegativenonbasicvariable.C:Itmustsatisfytheratiotest.D:Itmustbeabasicvariablewithanegativevalue.

答案:Itmustbeabasicvariablewithanegativevalue.Inthedualsimplexmethod,whenchoosingtheleavingvariable,wechoose（）.

A:ThemostpositivebasicvariableB:Thevariablewiththelargestcoefficientinrow0C:ThemostnegativebasicvariableD:Thevariablewiththesmallestcoefficientinrow0

答案:ThemostnegativebasicvariableWhencheckingifthetableauisoptimal,wecheckiftherighthandsideofeachconstraintisnon-negative.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)

第九章單元測(cè)試

Whatistheprimaryobjectiveofthetransportationprobleminoperationsresearch?（）

A:MaximizeproductioncapacityB:EqualizedemandandsupplyC:MaximizeprofitD:Minimizetotaltransportationcost

答案:MinimizetotaltransportationcostInatransportationproblem,whatdoeseachcellinthetransportationtablerepresent?（）

A:TheprofitassociatedwithshippingB:ThequantityofgoodsavailableC:ThedemandateachdestinationD:Thecostassociatedwithshipping

答案:ThecostassociatedwithshippingWhichExcelfunctionisprimarilyusedtosolvethetransportationproblemusingtheSolveraddin?（）

A:VLOOKUPB:SolverC:SUMD:IF

答案:SolverWhensettingupatransportationprobleminExcel,whatdoesthedecisionvariabletypicallyrepresent?（）

A:ThenumberofunitstoshipfromeachsourcetoeachdestinationB:ThedemandateachdestinationC:ThecostperunitshippedD:Thetotalsupplyateachsource

答案:ThenumberofunitstoshipfromeachsourcetoeachdestinationInExcel'sSolver,whatshouldbesetasthe'ObjectiveCell'foratransportationproblem?（）

A:ThedemandconstraintsB:ThetotaltransportationcostC:ThesupplyconstraintsD:Thedecisionvariables

答案:Thetotaltransportationcost

第十章單元測(cè)試

InDijkstra'salgorithm,thelabelforanimmediatelysucceedingnodejisdefinedas（）.

A:[uj,i]=[ui*dij,i]B:[uj,i]=[ui/dij,i]C:[uj,i]=[ui-dij,i]D:[uj,i]=[ui+dij,i]

答案:[uj,i]=[ui+dij,i]IntheexampleofDijkstra'salgorithm,ifwewanttofindtheshortestroutefromnode1tonode4,wecanreadthepermanentlabelinformationofnode4,whichindicatesthatitspredecessoris（）.

A:3B:5C:1D:4

答案:3Intheminimumspanningtreeproblem,weneedtochoosetheleastnumberofsides（）tomakethegraphconnected,wherenreferstothenumberofnodesinthenetwork.（）

A:n+1B:2nC:nD:n-1

答案:n-1Whichofthefollowingarestepsinthealgorithmforcreatingaminimumspanningtree?（）

A:Selectthenodewiththelargestweightandconnectittoothernodes.B:Tiebreaking:Tiesforthenearestdistinctnodeortheclosestunconnectednodemaybebrokenarbitrarily.C:Selectanynodearbitrarily,andthenconnectittothenearestdistinctnode.D:Identifytheunconnectednodethatisclosesttoaconnectednode,andthenconnectthesetwonodes.

答案:Tiebreaking:Tiesforthenearestdistinctnodeortheclosestunconnectednodemaybebrokenarbitrarily.###Selectanynodearbitrarily,andthenconnectittothenearestdistinctnode.###Identifytheunconnectednodethatisclosesttoaconnectednode,andthenconnectthesetwonodes.IntheExcelformulationoftheshortestpathproblem,thedecisionvariablesXij=1whenthearc(i,j)isincludedintheshortestpath,andXij=0whenthearc(i,j)isnot.（）

A:對(duì)B:錯(cuò)

答案:對(duì)

第十一章單元測(cè)試

Inthebranch-and-boundmethod,thefirststepisto（）.

A:addconstraintstoavariableB:selectavariablethatisnotanintegersolutionC:checkthesolutionsofallbranchesD:solvetherelaxationproblem

答案:solvetherelaxationproblemIntheexampleshown,whenbranching,whichvariablewaschosenfirst?（）

A:x1B:zC:LP0D:x2

答案:x1Theoptimalsolutionofwhichsubproblemwastheoptimalsolutionfortheoriginalintegerprogrammingproblem?（）

A:LP1B:LP5C:LP2D:LP3

答案:LP5Iftheoptimalsolutionoftherelaxationproblemmeetstheintegerrequirements,thentheoptimalsolutionoftheintegerprogrammingisobtained.（）

A:錯(cuò)B:對(duì)

答案:對(duì)Whichofthefollowingstepsareinvolvedinthebranch-and-boundmethod?（）

A:Addconstraintstodividethesolutionspaceintosmallerregionsandsolveeachregionseparately.B:Arbitrarilyselectavariablethatisnotanintegersolutionandaddconstraintstoit.C:Checkthesolutionsandobjectivefunctionvaluesofallbranches.D:Solvetherelaxationproblem.

答案:Addconstraintstodividethesolutionspace