被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解

1、Passive voice,復(fù)習(xí)課：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):,1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): am/is/are + vt 過(guò)去分詞,2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): was/ were + vt 過(guò)去分詞,3.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+ vt 過(guò)去分詞,4.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): will/shall +be + vt 過(guò)去分詞,5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): am/ is /are+being + vt 過(guò)去分詞,6.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): was / were + being+ vt 過(guò)去分詞,7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu): have/has

2、 been + vt 過(guò)去分詞,The boy broke the glass.,The glass was broken by the boy.,如何從主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)？,1.主語(yǔ) 介詞by 賓語(yǔ) 2.謂語(yǔ) 加be,并變?yōu)檫^(guò)去分詞 3.賓語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ),主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)對(duì)照表,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ),Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is /are +過(guò)去分詞,各種時(shí)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),2. They bought ten computers last term

3、,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was/were +過(guò)去分詞,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,謂,賓,The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,一般將來(lái)時(shí)：will be+過(guò)去分詞,3Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： can/may/must/should + be+過(guò)去分詞,5. Some workers are pa

4、inting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/are + being +過(guò)去分詞,7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night,My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/were+being+過(guò)去分詞,6We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

5、： have/has + been+過(guò)去分詞,請(qǐng)將下列主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 1.Lucy bought some fruit. Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy. 2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day. The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day. 3.Did they build the bridge in 1998? _ the bridge _ in 1998? 4.When did Lu Xun write these books? When _these books _ _ Lu Xun? 5.

6、The farmers dont grow apples on the farm. Apples _ _ on the farm. 6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday. The classroom _ _ yesterday.,was bought by,are watered by,Was,built,were,written by,arent grown,wasnt cleaned,帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 1.You can do the work all by yourself. The work _ _ _ all by yourself

7、. 2.We must plant more trees. More trees _ _ _. 3.We should dig a large hole. A large hole _ _ _. 4.Can we put our bikes here? _ our bikes _ _ here? 5.You mustnt throw rubbish here. Rubbish _ _ _ here. 6.We cant see many stars. Many stars _ _ _ .,can be done,must be planted,should be dug,Can,be put,

8、mustnt be thrown,cant be seen,在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要注意的問(wèn)題,一、使役動(dòng)詞(let, have, make等)或感官 動(dòng)詞(see, hear, watch,等)在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中 后面接的動(dòng)詞不定式省略to，改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 時(shí)一定要補(bǔ)上to。如： The boss makes the workers work all day. The workers are made to work all day by the boss. I saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the house by me. C. We hear

9、her sing in the room every day. She is heard to sing in the room every day.,注意,當(dāng)使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth時(shí)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，doing不變。如： I saw him going into the shop.(主動(dòng)) He was seen going into the shop.(被動(dòng)),go,1.Toms father bought him a book. He _ a book by his father. A book _ _ him by his father.,二、帶雙賓

10、語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有兩種改法: 1.把指人的賓語(yǔ)作為被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ). 2.當(dāng)把直接賓語(yǔ)物作為主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要加介詞to,for,was bought,在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要注意的問(wèn)題,was bought,for,pass, show, send,此類動(dòng)詞有：,buy,be bought for,如：give,be given to,此類動(dòng)詞還有：,draw，make, cook, mend,He gave me a beautiful present. I was given a beautiful present by him. A beautiful present was given to me .,感官動(dòng)詞(

11、hear, see, watch, feel, notice等)和使役動(dòng)詞(let ,make have等)在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式,但是改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí), 把to加在動(dòng)詞原形之前.,They made the boys work 12 hours a day. The boys were made to work 12 hours a day. We often see him go for a walk by the river. He is often seen to go for a walk by the river.,1. The teachers often make

12、us read books in the morning. We are often made to read books in the morning by the teachers. 2. We noticed him talk with my brother just now. He was noticed to talk with my brother just now. 3. We saw her help Tom when we enter the room. She was seen to help Tom when we enter the room. 4. I made hi

13、m stop while he was doing the work. He was made to stop while he was doing the work.,3 主動(dòng)句中含有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):把人變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ) Mother told me not to be late. I was told not to be late by mother. I saw mother planting flowers in the garden. Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden.,必背！,動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，后面的介詞不能丟。,ta

14、ke care of be taken care of,cut down be cut down,laugh at be laughed at,look after be looked after,Speak to be spoken to,Hand in be handed in,4 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) I can take good care of the baby. The baby can be taken good care of. We should speak to the old politely. The old should be spoken to politely.,T

15、he rain stopped.,The soup tastes delicious.,stop , taste 在句中是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面不能直接帶賓語(yǔ)，因此不能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,不及物動(dòng)詞（vi.)不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,happen, take place ,appear, disappear,belong to ,break out (爆發(fā)）,e.g. A traffic accident _(happen) just now.,happened,2. 連系動(dòng)詞（Link.v.)不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get,

16、turn, become,e.g. Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.,sounds,3. 當(dāng)此動(dòng)詞表示事物的自然屬性的時(shí)候，不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 。,e.g. The pen _(write) very fast.,writes,This kind of sweater _(sell) well.,sells,三、漢語(yǔ)中含有“據(jù)說(shuō)”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說(shuō)”、“大家說(shuō)”等時(shí)。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother die

17、d of SARS. 眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測(cè)說(shuō) It is supposed that ,Practice: 1 Must I pay for it at once? _ it _ _ _ at once? 2 We will build a new lab. A new lab _ _ _. 3 They arent stopping the traffic now. The traffic _ _ _ now. 4 How long have you kept the book? How long _ the book _ _?,Must,been,p

18、aid,for,will,be,built,isnt,been,stopping,has,been,kept,5 If your homework _(do) well,you may go to play. 6 Mr.Green was seen _ (grow) trees. 7 The blackboard was _ (look) carefully by the students. 8 The ship model _ be _ (make) in two days.,is done,to grow,looked at,will,made,1.-Did you go to Jims

19、birthday party? -No, I _ (北京2003年中招試題) A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invited 2. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not throw (重慶2003年中招試題),中招名題回顧,B,B,考點(diǎn)聚焦,1、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)為動(dòng)詞原形作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 The worke

20、rs were made 12 hours a day n the old days. A. work B. to work 2、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)為短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 Their homework half an hour ago. A. was handed in B. was handed,A,B,3.You may go fishing if your work_. (河北2003年中招試題) A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done 4.We are told _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep ou

21、r school clean. (遼寧2003年中招試題) not to make much noise B. to throw waste paper C. to draw D. not to spit,A,D,1.- What do you think of the football match yesterday ? - Its surprising. The strongest team _. A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was failed 2.I wont come to the party unless Sue_. A. will invi

22、te B. invites C. invited D. is invited 3.What are on show in the museum? Some photos _ by African children. A. are taken B. have been taken C. taken D. were taken 4. The boy _ study at home by her last Sunday. A made B was made C was made to D made to,中招模擬,A,D,C,C,4.The trees must _ three times a we

23、ek. A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters 5.Another new building _last month near my school. A. was built B. built C. has been built D. is built,6. A new bridge _ over the river next year. A is built B will build C will be built D will built 7. TV and radio programes _ the other side of th

24、e world with the help of the satellites. A can send to B can send on C can be sent to D can be sent on,C,A,C,C,3. In summer meat and fruit _for a long time. A cant be kept B doesnt keep C is not kept D isnt keeping 4. These films _ by young children. A should not seen B shouldnt be seen C should be

25、not seen D should see 5. The piece of music _ great. A sounds B sounded C is sounded D is sounding,6. It _ in a small village last month. A happened B was happened C happen D had happened,A,B,A,A,2. Our classroom should _ clean and tidy. A was kept B be kept C is keep D have kept,3. No letter _ sinc

26、e you left for Shanghai. A have received B have been received C had been received D has been received 4. Im afraid you cant go in. The room_. A is painted B has painted C is being painted D is painting,6. The girl _singing when we passed by. A heard B was heard C was heard to D heard to,B,D,C,B,3. My new pen _ well. A writes