倒裝句和省略句.ppt

1、,倒裝句,副詞開頭要倒裝，人稱代詞則如常。 only修飾副介狀，位于句首半倒裝。 否定意義副連詞，“既不也不”需倒裝。 表語前置主語長，銜接自然常倒裝。 such代詞作表語，引起主謂要倒裝。 not only開頭句，前一分句需倒裝。 had，were，should虛擬句，省略if半倒裝。,一、倒裝,口訣速記：,倒裝分兩類：全部倒裝和部分倒裝。全部倒裝是將句子中的謂語動詞全部置于主語之前。實義動詞、情態(tài)動詞或be 動詞放在主語之前。部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態(tài)動詞倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞，則需添加助動詞do, does或did，并將其置于主語之前。,全部倒裝

2、,(1)there引導(dǎo)的存在句,河邊傳來求救聲。,常見動詞有be, come, lie, happen, appear, seem, stand, exist, live, remain等。,有一本書在包里,There is a book in the bag.,There came shouts for help from the river.,(2)在here, there, away, in, out, down, up, off, now, then開頭以及介詞短語或方位詞組作地點狀語位于句首的句子里 。,Here _.(車來了.) There_.(火車走了.) In_. (孩子們跑進(jìn)

3、來了.) Between the houses_. (有棵大樹) South of the city_. （有一個工廠.） From the village_. （傳出一聲可怕的響聲）,comes the bus,goes the train.,rushed the children.,stands a tall tree,lies a factory,came a frightening sound.,謂語常是表示方位或位移的不及物動詞lie, live, sit, stand, be, come, go, run, rise等。 主語是人稱代詞時，不倒裝。如：Here we are. Th

4、ere he comes.,(3)代詞such作表語，意為“這樣的人，這樣的物”，應(yīng)置于句首,Such were the facts. Such was Albert Einstein.,(4)平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)或使上下文銜接緊密。,They reached a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.,部分倒裝,(1)so, neither, nor開頭的句子，表示“也一樣、也不”,I like sports, and 我哥哥也是. If you go, 我也去. He hasnt come, 他的姐妹們也沒來. If you dont go, 我

5、也不去.,so does my brother.,so will I.,nor have his sisters,neither shall I,1.Tom works hard. So he does and so do you. 2.I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio . So it is with me. so it is/was with 主語或者是it is/was the same with 主語。,(2)含有否定意義的副詞(詞組)，如：never, seldom, hardly, little, rarely，scarcely，

6、nowhere, by no means, at no time等置于句首。,我?guī)缀醪幌嘈拍羌隆?（hardly） 他幾乎不給我寫信。（ seldom ） 我們絕不放棄。（ by no means ） 我?guī)缀醪恢浪钦l。(little),little作形容詞，修飾主語時，仍用正常語序。如：Little Franz often played the piano.,Hardly can I believe that.,Seldom does he write to me.,By no means shall we give up.,Little did I know who he was.,(

7、3)only修飾狀語(從句)，并置于句首時，主句中要部分倒裝.,Only when the rain stopped did the match start again.,only修飾主語時不倒裝。 如：Only he can do it.,(4)not onlybut (also)連接兩個分句，not only置于句首,Not only should we study science, but also we should pay attention to politics.,not only引導(dǎo)的部分要部分倒裝，但but (also)部分不倒裝。若not onlybut (also)連接兩

8、個主語，句子不倒裝。,(5)Not until ，Hardlywhen，No sooner than，Sothat，Suchthat。,直到昨天我才意識到自己錯了。 我還沒有進(jìn)門電話鈴就響了。 他是如此的生氣以至于說不出話來。 他做出了如此大的進(jìn)步，他被表揚了。,主倒從不倒，即主句部分用倒裝語序，從句部分用陳述語序。,Not until yesterday did I realize I was wrong.,Hardly had I entered the room when the telephone rang.,So angry was he that he couldnt speak.

9、,Such great progress did he make that he was praised.,(6)省略if的虛擬條件句，將were，had, should 移至主語前,Were he (If he were ) here now, I could ask him. Should he (If he should) come, tell him to ring me up.,(7)祝愿句,May you succeed！,(8)as或though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句引起的倒裝。句型是：表語/狀語/動詞原形as/though主語 。,盡管他很年輕，他懂得很多。 盡管我很喜歡它，我不會買

10、它的。 盡管他會嘗試，他不會找到工作的。,though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句也可不倒裝 表語前的冠詞要省略。如：Hero as he is, he has some shortcomings.,Young as he is, he knows a lot.,Much as I like it, I will not buy it.,Try as he might，he could not find a job.,1.(2010陜西卷)John opened the door. There _he had never seen before. Aa girl did stand Ba girl sto

11、od Cdid a girl stand Dstood a girl 答案：D,2(2009上海卷)Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away_. Afleeing the thief Bwas fleeing the thief Cthe thief was fleeing Dfled the thief 答案：D,3.(2010海淀第二學(xué)期期末)Not until they left school _ how much their teachers loved them and helped them. Athey realized Bdid they re

12、alize Cthey would realize Dhad they realized 答案：B,4(2010南通一模)Did you hear that Li Hua was robbed during his recent trip to South Africa? Yes，not only _ his money，but he was nearly killed. Ahe lost Bdid he lose Che had lost Dwas he lost 答案：B,5(2010江西卷)Not until he left his home _ to know how importan

13、t the family was for him. Adid he begin Bhad he begun Che began Dhe had begun 答案：A,6(2010上海春招)Never_Lisa would arrive but she turned up at the last minute. Adid we think Bhave we thought Cwe thought Dwe have thought 答案：A,7(2009全國卷)The computer was used in teaching. As a result，not only_，but students

14、 became more interested in the lessons. Asaved was teachers energy Bwas teachers energy saved Cteachers energy was saved Dwas saved teachers energy 答案：B,8(2009重慶卷)Unsatisfied_with the payment，he took the job just to get some work experience. Athough was he Bthough he was Che was though Dwas he thoug

15、h 答案：B,9(2009山東卷)So sudden_that the enemy had no time to escape. Adid the attack Bthe attack did Cwas the attack Dthe attack was 答案：C,10(2009江蘇卷)Distinguished guests and friends，welcome to our school._the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad. AAttend

16、 BTo attend CAttending DHaving attended 答案：C,11(2009四川卷)Not until I came home last night_to bed. AMum did go Bdid Mum go Cwent Mum DMum went 答案：B,12(2008上海卷)So much of interest_that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all. Aoffers Beijing BBeijing offers Cdoes Beijing offer DBeijin

17、g does offer 答案：C,13(2008陜西卷)Not until the motorbike looked almost new_repairing and cleaning it. Ahe stopped Bdid he stop Cstopped he Dhe did stop 答案：B,14(2011浙江金華十校聯(lián)考)Not until the press reported the pollution_why the water supply had been cut off. Apeople did know Bpeople had known Chad people kn

18、own Ddid people know 答案：D,15(2011湖南聯(lián)考)We have to stop talking here outside. Listen，_！ Hurry up，or well be late. Athere goes the bell Bthere does the bell go Cthere the bell goes Dgoes the bell there 答案：A,16(2011東城練習(xí)二)Only when Tom fully recovered_back to work. Adid he go Bhe went Chad he gone Dhe ha

19、d gone 答案：A,17(2011南通二模)The policeman told me that I had passed the driving test and never in my life _so happy and excited. AI felt Bdid I feel CI had felt Dhad I felt 答案：D,18(2011蘇錫)Not only_know the theory，but also _learn how to apply it in practice. Ashould we；should we Bwe should；we should Csho

20、uld we；we should Dwe should；should we 答案：C,19(2011東北三省四市聯(lián)考)Such a great event _that it will attract governments and people from across the world to Shanghai. Ais World Expo 2010 BWorld Expo 2010 is Chas World Expo 2010 been DWorld Expo 2010 has been 答案：A,20(2011青島市聯(lián)合模擬)Only under special circumstanc

21、es _to take makeup tests. Aare freshmen permitted Bpermitted are freshmen Cfreshmen are permitted Dare permitted freshmen 答案：A,21(2011海南五校聯(lián)考)I have been living in Haikou for 10 years，but seldom _so lonely as now. Ahave I felt BI have felt Chad I felt DI had felt 答案：A,22(2010合肥第三次教學(xué)檢測)Since my return

22、 to China，I havent seen my host mother in America，nor _from her. AI heard BI have heard Cdid I hear Dhave I heard 答案：D,23(2010江西高安中學(xué)月考)Did you see who the driver was? No，so quickly_that I couldnt get a good look at his face. Adoes the car speed by Bthe car sped by Cdid the car speed by Dthe car spee

23、ds by 答案：C,24(2010江西上高二中月考)_he is，_he can do something that grownups do. AA boy as；but BA boy though；yet CBoy as；yet DBoy as；but 答案：C,25(2010九江地區(qū)聯(lián)考)Hardly_the phone_I was told that the hotel had been booked full. AI had picked up；when Bhad I picked up；then Chad I picked up；when DI had picked up；then

24、 答案：C,26(2010撫州地區(qū)聯(lián)考)Only when class began_that he had left his book at home. Awill he realize Bhe did realize Cdid he realize Dshould he realize 答案：C,27(2009福州檢測)“By no means，” declared the captain.“_give way to disappointment.” Awe would Bwe will Cmight we Dshall we 答案：D,28(2009綿陽市第三次診斷)_，she talks

25、 a lot about her favorite singers after she went home. AA quiet student as she may be BQuiet as she may be a student CBe a quiet student as she may DQuiet student as she may be 答案：D,29. _ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous. ASuch BThis CThat DSo 【答案】 A 30Hearing the dog bar

26、king fiercely, away_. Afleeing the boy Bwas fleeing the boy Cthe boy was fleeing Dfled the boy 【答案】 D,31Not until quite recently _ that language is closely related to culture. Ahe realized Bdid he realize Chad he realized Dhe did realize 【解析】 Bnot until引導(dǎo)的短語置于句首，后面要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，所以要排除A和D；此外，句子中沒有明顯的“過去的過去

27、”標(biāo)志詞，所以不能用過去完成時，故C項也得排除。,32In Switzerland, six miles west of Geneva，_a collection of laboratory buildings. Alie Bare lying Clies Dlays 【答案】 C,33.At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _，one of the ten largest cities in China. Alies Chongqing BChongqing lies Cdoes lie Chongqi

28、ng Ddoes Chongqing lie 【解析】 A考查倒裝句。為了表示強調(diào)，把作狀語的介詞短語提到句首，此時句子采用完全倒裝的語序。,342010四川卷 We laugh at jokes，but seldom _ about how they work. Awe think Bthink we Cwe do think Ddo we think 【解析】 D考查倒裝用法。seldom，hardly，never，no等具有否定意義的詞位于句首句子用部分倒裝語序。,35_in the root of his family that he decided to make a trip to

29、 Africa for further research. ASo interested Kunta was BSo interested was Kunta CHow interested Kunta was DKunta was such interested 【解析】 B考查倒裝句。sothat這個固定句式中的so及其修飾成分提到句首時，句子倒裝，因此B項正確。,省略句,二、省略,在英語中，有時為了避免結(jié)構(gòu)上或內(nèi)容上的重復(fù)，并使上下文緊密連接；有時因為語法的客觀要求，句子中的一個或幾個成分不需要表達(dá)出來，這種現(xiàn)象稱為省略。英語中的省略要求不破壞語法結(jié)構(gòu)，要保持句子意義的準(zhǔn)確無誤。省略有詞

30、法上的省略，也有句法上的省略，還有一種替代省略。省略部分的成分和含義可從上下文或具體語言環(huán)境中找到而且是有章可循的，英語的省略大致有以下幾種情況：,1介詞的省略 一些與動詞、名詞或形容詞一起搭配的介詞常省略，而保留其后的動名詞。常見的句型有： spend some time (in) doing sth.； be busy (in) doing sth.； have difficulty (in) doing sth.；stop/prevent sb. (from) doing sth.,2連詞that 的省略 I believe (that) he will come here. Its a

31、 pity (that) he will leave this city.,3定語從句與名詞性從句中的省略 (1)在限制性定語從句中，作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞whom, which, that可省略。如： The teacher (who/whom/that) I talked with was Mr. Meng. (2) 在與suggest, request, order, advise等詞相關(guān)的名詞性從句中，應(yīng)用虛擬語氣形式“should 動詞原形”，should可以省略。She suggests that we (should) go at once.,4動詞不定式省略，只保留to的場合。 不定式作某些動詞的賓語時，常見的動詞有expect, refuse, mean, like, love, hope，want等。如： He went home that day though he didnt want to.,Are you a sailor？No, but I used to. Are you a sailor?No, but I used to be. 動詞不定式的省略：在同一句或聯(lián)系緊密的對話里，常把不定式符號to后內(nèi)容相同的部分省略