名詞性從句whether與if.ppt

1、名詞性從句,名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。,引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類： 連接詞：that, whether, if 連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 連接副詞：when, where, how, why,1。that只起連接主句和從句的作用，在從句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，本身也沒有詞義，賓語從句中可省略 2。不充當(dāng)介賓 3。 引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句,that不可省略。,辨別下列名詞性從句的類別： 1.How the book will sell depends on its

2、 author. 2.John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S. 6.It is impossible that I go and attend the meeting.,主語,賓語

3、,表語,同位語,賓語,主語,That/wh-clause + v +主語從句 S +be/link.v + that/wh-clause表語從句 S + vt + that/wh-clause賓語從句 S + vi + prep + wh-clause賓語從句,that-從句作主語通常用it作先行詞，而將that-從句置于句末，例如： Its a pity that you should have to leave. It is not yet decided who will do that job.,用 it 作形式主語的that- 從句有以下搭配關(guān)系：,a. It + be +形容詞+

4、that-從句 It is necessary/ important / obvious/certain that b.It + be +名詞+ that-從句 It is a pity/a shame/no wonder that c. It + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句 It is believed/ reported / said that It is known to all that d. It +不及物動(dòng)詞+ that-分句 It appears/seem that It happens that It occurred to me that,whether 與 i

5、f 均為 “是否” 的意思。但在下列情況下，whether 不能被 if 所取代： 主語從句,Whether he will come is unknown.,2. 表語從句，如：,The question is whether you should accept it.,3. 同位語從句，如：,The question whether hell attend the meeting is not decided.,4. 從句作介詞的賓語，如：,Im not interested in whether theyll go or not. It depends on whether we hav

6、e got enough money.,5. 直接跟不定式連用，如：,She hasnt decided whether to go or not.,用if 或whether 填空,1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ or not Ill be free tomorrow. 3. The question is _ this book is worth writing. 4. It depends on _ we will have enough money. 5. _ they can do it matters l

7、ittle to us. 6._ you are not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.,whether/if,whether,whether,whether,whether,If,that在同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別,（I）試比較下面兩個(gè)例句: 1.The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very good. 2.The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good.,（that引導(dǎo)定語從句, 作賓

8、語, 可以省略）,（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何成分，但不可以省略）,辨別下列從句是定語從句還是同位語從句 1.We heard the news that our team had won. 2.We must face the fact that we had spent all our money. 3. The news that he told me yesterday was false. 4. I have no doubt that he will come soon. 5. The fact is that we have spent all our money

9、.,同位語從句,同位語從句,定語從句,同位語從句,表語從句,用that 或what 填空,1. I wonder if this is _you are looking for. 2. Our school is quite different from _ it was before. 3. Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer. 4._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind. 5._ the earth is r

10、ound is known to us all.,what,what,that,What,That,選擇填空（what,whatever,who,whoever),1._ was said here must be kept secret. 2. _we need is more time. 3._ made the long distance call to him is not important. 4._ breaks the law will be punished. 5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.,Wha

11、tever,What,Who,Whoever,Whoever,5、名詞從句與定語從句的一些對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系： 1. He has done what he can to help me. -He has done _ _ he can to help me. What I want to say has nothing to do with it. -_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it.,all that,All that,3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished. _ _ breaks the law

12、is to be punished. 4. He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most. He will give the dictionary to _ _ needs it most. 5. Well remember whomever we turned to for help. Well remember _ _ we turned to for help. 6. They will do whatever he wants them to do. They will do _ _he wants them to do. 7

13、. Ill read whichever book you give me. Ill read _ of the books _ you give me.,Anyone who,anyone who,Anyone (whom),anything that,any,that,VI 鞏固練習(xí),1.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right Athat what BWhat that Cthat Dwhether 2.The reason _ I have to go is_ my mother is ill in bed A. wh

14、y ; why B. why ; because C. why ; that D. that ; because,3.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I cant remember_. Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dthat 4.Energy is _ makes things work AWhat Beverything Csomething Danything,5.Air to usis _ water is to fish A. is that B. what C. which D. that,1.It is

15、 important that _ our education in all available ways. A. we must develop B. we shall develop C. we would develop D. we should develop 2.It is necessary that _ by the end of the week. A. we got everything ready B. we have got everything ready C. We get everything ready D. we must get everything read

16、y 3.It was natural that _. A. my pictures would surprise them B. my pictures surprised them C. my pictures should surprise them D. my pictures would have surprised them 4.I wonder _. A. whether or not Ill catch the last bus B. if or not Ill catch the last bus C. that Ill catch the last bus or not D.

17、 that Ill catch the last bus,5.We all thought _ a pity that we had missed the lesson. A. so B. such C. it D. that 6.I took _ for granted that they were not coming. A. that B. this C. it D. so 7.I heard _ said that he had great concern for his classmates. A. and B. that C. was D. it 8.I wish I _ to t

18、he football match last night. A. went B. go C. should go D. had gone,1.It now appears _ they are in need of help. 2.It is good news _ they will arrive in a few days. 3.It is thought _ Joe drives badly. 4.It may be_ he is late for class. 5.This is _ she was born. 6.The question is _ we cant go there today. 7.The question is _ it is worth doi