《被動語態(tài)基本用法》PPT課件

1、What is the Passive Voice?,被動語態(tài)基本用法 當句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。,英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)： 主動語態(tài) (the Active Voice) 被動語態(tài)(the Passive Voice),A. 主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。,B. 被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。,We planted the tree.,The tree was planted by us.,We speak English.,主語,謂語,賓語,English i

2、s spoken by us.,主語,謂語,賓語,主動語態(tài),被動語態(tài),They cleaned the classroom yesterday.昨天我們打掃了教室。 The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday. 昨天教室被我們打掃了。,何時使用被動語態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行車被盜了。,三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說”、“

3、大家說”等時。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測說 It is supposed that ,四、漢語中含有“被”、“由”等詞時。 例如： Tina is asked to come by Paul Tina是被Paul叫來的。 五、某些句子習慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如： He was born in October，1989,the Structure

4、is,助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞 (be+V.P.P),1.規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：,1)一般情況在動詞原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-d,practice-practiced,3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的，去y變i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母， 先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,2)被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)： 被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成，

5、助動詞be有人稱、數(shù)的變化,其變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動詞時一樣。 如：The desk is made of wood. The desks are made of wood. He is asked a question by the teacher. I was given a nice present by my friend yesterday.,在改寫中應(yīng)注意： 1.把原來的賓語提到前面作被動語態(tài)的主語; 2.把動詞變成“be + 過去分詞”; 3.主動語態(tài)中的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語。,典型題例例1 將下列句子改為被動語態(tài)。 We clean our classroom every

6、day. Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.,主變被解題步驟:,1. 找賓語 -即動作的承受者,They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,2. 判斷賓語的單復數(shù) -即be動詞的單復數(shù).,are were,3. 判斷動詞的時態(tài) -即be動詞的時態(tài).,4. 修改謂語的時態(tài) -即原句動詞改為過去分詞,made,5. 修改原句的主語 -即by+ 主語.,by them.,Tom broke the window. The window was broken by Tom.,Tom broke the windows

7、. The windows were broken by Tom.,He broke the windows. The windows were broken by him.,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主語+及物動詞+賓語,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般現(xiàn)在時： S(主語）+am/is /are(not) +過去分詞,變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài),He rides the motorbike to his factory every day.,The motorbike is ridden to his fa

8、ctory (by him) every day.,We call the snowman Mr Strong.,The snowman is called Mr Strong (by us).,A computer is used in our class every day.,computer, use, class,2. They bought ten computers last year,Ten computers were bought (by them) last year. 一般過去時： S+was/were(not) +過去分詞,He bought his friend so

9、me fruits yesterday.,His friend was bought some fruits (by him) yesterday.,Some fruits were bought for his friend (by him) yesterday.,bank, rob yesterday,man-made satellite, send up, space, last year,A man-made satellite was sent up into space last year.,The bank was robbed yesterday.,3Amy can take

10、good care of the cat ,The cat can be taken good care of by Amy. 情態(tài)動詞： S+ can/may/must/should(not) + be+過去分詞,He can carry the basket easily.,The basket can be easily carried by him.,They can sing some beautiful songs.,Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.,“We must put them in the fridge.”The dogs

11、 thought .,“They must be put in the fridge (by us).”The dogs thought.,4.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般將來時： S+ will+ (not) be+過去分詞,They will have a show tomorrow.,A show will be had (by them) tomorrow.,send to, hospital, right now,a talk, gi

12、ve , soon,They will be sent to the hospital right now.,A talk will be given soon.,_ this house_ (sell) by the King? The little girl is so pretty that she _ (admire) by all people when she grows up.,Will be sold,will be admired,The streets_ (light) by electricity. I _ (not invite)to tomorrows wedding

13、.,will be lit,will/ shall not be invited,will not be done 否定結(jié)構(gòu),Dogs will not be allowed to enter your classroom.,allow,smoking,stadium,allow,Smoking will not be allowed in the stadium.,Rewrite the letter in future Passive Voice,will ( not) be done,The Olympic Game will be held in London. Many things

14、 _(do) for the Game. 30 billion yuan _on the projects. An Olympic Village_ for the athletes and some hotels_ for the visitors to stay in. The roads _ _(make) wider and better and trees and flowers _along the roads. The new Stadiums will be completed (complete) before 2012. Many volunteers_ (train) f

15、or the game.,will be done,will be spent,will be built,will be built,will be,made,will be planted,will be trained,Many policemen _(send) keep order. During the 2012 Olympic Game, the best athletes _(choose) to compete and they _ (encourage) to do their best.,will be sent,will be chosen,will be encouraged,dirty river,polluted air (受污染的),crowded hospital (擁擠的）,too many cars,traffic jam