21世紀(jì)英語4 Unit one A.ppt

1、Unit 1: Part A,21st Century College English: Book 4,Who Is Great?,Lead- in,Lead- in,Lead- in,Discussion 1. Who can be seen as great people? 2. In your mind , what are the elements make them to be great?,Lead- in,Text structure: Part One (Para1-3) Introduction of the topic by the examples of some gre

2、at people Part Two: (Para4-5) Definition of the being great. Part Three: (Para6-20) Common characteristics of great people-a never surrender attitude, birth order and timing, IQ ability to communicate and way of thinking, love for ones work.,Text Structure,Language Points,Who Is Great? 1As a young b

3、oy, Albert Einstein did so poorly in school that teachers thought he was slow. The young Napoleon Bonaparte was just one of hundreds of artillery lieutenants in the French Army. And the teenage George Washington, with little formal education, was being trained not as a soldier but as a land surveyor

4、. 2Despite their unspectacular beginnings, each would go on to carve a place for himself in history. What was it that enabled them to become great? Were they born with something special? Or did their greatness have more to do with timing, devotion and, perhaps, an uncompromising personality?,carve 1

5、. form sth. by cutting away material from wood or stone 2. build ones (career, reputation, etc.) by hard work,Examples: The sculpture was carved out of a single piece of stone. With his bold though, Jobs succeeded in carving out a miraculous career in the IT filed.,3 For decades, scientists have bee

6、n asking such questions. And, in the past few years, they have found evidence to help explain why some people rise above, while others similarly talented, perhaps are left behind. Their findings could have implications for us all.,Language Points,rise above become successful or outstanding,Examples:

7、 Justin rose above in classes through his hard work.,4 Who is great? Defining who is great depends on how one measures success. But there are some criteria. “Someone who has made a lasting contribution to human civilization is great,” said Dean Keith Simonton, a professor of psychology at the Univer

8、sity of California at Davis and author of the 1994 book Greatness: Who Makes History and Why. But he added a word of caution: “Sometimes great people dont make it into history books. A lot of women achieved great things or were influential but went unrecognized.”,Language Points,1.What do you know a

9、bout Simonton?,Answer the following question:,He defines greatness His the professor and author of the book,Comprehension,Translation,Sometimes great people dont make it into history books. A lot of women achieved great things or were influential but went unrecognized.,Translate the sentence: ?,Key:

10、 有時候偉人并沒有被載入史冊。許多女性取得了巨大成就，或者頗具影響力，但卻沒有得到承認(rèn)。,5 In writing his book, Simonton combined historical knowledge about great figures with recent findings in genetics, psychiatry and the social sciences. The great figures he focused on include men and women who have won Nobel Prizes, led great nations or w

11、on wars, composed symphonies that have endured for centuries, or revolutionized science, philosophy, politics or the arts. Though he doesnt have a formula to define how or why certain people rise above (too many factors are involved), he has come up with a few common characteristics.,Language Points

12、,6A “never surrender” attitude. If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an unrelenting drive to succeed. “Theres a tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal,” he explained. “But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazin

13、g intellectual processes. Its a difference in degree. Greatness is built upon tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion.”,Language Points,be endowed with naturally have a good quality, ability, feature, etc.,Examples: She is endowed with beauty as well as intelligence.,7He cited Winston Chu

14、rchill, Britains prime minister during World War II, as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up. Thrust into office when his countrys morale was at its lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspire

15、d the nation when he said, “We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end.We shall never surrender.”,Language Points,2.According to Professor Simonton, how does birth order affect a persons leadership abilities?,Firstborns and only children tend to make good leaders in times of crisis, but mi

16、ddle-born children are better peacetime leaders.,Comprehension,Answer the following question:,8 Can you be born great? In looking at Churchills role in history as well as the roles of other political and military leaders Simonton discovered a striking pattern: “Firstborns and only children tend to m

17、ake good leaders in time of crisis: Theyre used to taking charge. But middle-borns are better as peacetime leaders: They listen to different interest groups better and make the necessary compromises. Churchill, an only child, was typical. He was great in a crisis, but in peacetime he was not effecti

18、ve not even popular.”,Language Points,9Timing is another factor. “If you took George Washington and put him in the 20th century he would go nowhere as a politician,” Simonton declared. “He was not an effective public speaker, and he didnt like shaking hands with the public. On the other hand, Im not

19、 sure Franklin Roosevelt would have done well in Washingtons time. He wouldnt have had the radio to do his fireside chats.”,Language Points,3. As 21th century politicians what the qualities are required?,A 21th century politician should be an effective public speaker and a social person.,Exercises C

20、omprehension,Answer the following question:,10Can you be too smart? One surprise among Simontons findings is that many political and military leaders have been bright but not overly so. Beyond a certain point, he explained, other factors, like the ability to communicate effectively, become more impo

21、rtant than innate intelligence as measured by an IQ test. The most intelligent U.S. Presidents, for example Thomas Jefferson, Woodrow Wilson and John F. Kennedy had a hard time getting elected, Simonton said, while others with IQs closer to the average (such as Warren G. Harding) won by landslides.

22、While political and economic factors also are involved, having a genius IQ is not necessary to be a great leader.,Language Points,11 In the sciences, those with “genius level” IQs do have a better chance at achieving recognition, added Simonton. Yet evidence also indicates that overcoming traditiona

23、l ways of thinking may be just as important. 12He pointed to one recent study where college students were given a set of data and were asked to see if they could come up with a mathematical relation. Almost a third did. What they did not know was that they had just solved one of the most famous scie

24、ntific equations in history: the Third Law of Planetary Motion, an equation that Johannes Kepler came up with in 1618.,Language Points,Language Points,13 Keplers genius, Simonton said, was not so much in solving a mathematical challenge. It was in thinking about the numbers in a unique way applying

25、his mathematical knowledge to his observations of planetary motion. It was his boldness that set him apart. 14Love your work. As a child, Einstein became fascinated with the way magnets are drawn to metal. “He couldnt stop thinking about this stuff,” Simonton pointed out. “He became obsessed with pr

26、oblems in physics by the time he was 16, and he never stopped working on them. Its not surprising that he made major contributions by the time he was 26.”,set apart make different from or superior to others,Examples: His exceptional height set him apart from the rest of the man. .,15“For most of us,

27、 its not that we dont have the ability,” Simonton added, “its that we dont devote the time. You have to put in the effort and put up with all the frustrations and obstacles.” 16Like other creative geniuses, Einstein was not motivated by a desire for fame, said Simonton. Instead, his obsession with h

28、is work was what set him apart. 17 Where such drive comes from remains a mystery. But it is found in nearly all creative geniuses whether or not their genius is acknowledged by contemporaries.,Language Points,18“Emily Dickinson was not recognized for her poetry until after her death,” said Simonton.

29、 “But she was not writing for fame. The same can be said of James Joyce, who didnt spend a lot of time worrying about how many people would read Finnegans Wake.”,Language Points,19Today, researchers have evidence that an intrinsic passion for ones work is a key to rising above. In a 1985 study at Br

30、andeis University conducted by Teresa Amabile, now a professor of business administration at Harvard University, a group of professional writers none famous were asked to write a short poem. Each writer was then randomly placed in one of three groups: One group was asked to keep in mind the idea of

31、writing for money; another was told to think about writing just for pleasure; and a third group was given no instruction at all.,Language Points,20The poems then were submitted anonymously to a panel of professional writers for evaluation. The poetry written by people who thought about writing for m

32、oney ranked lowest. Those who thought about writing just for pleasure did the best. “Motivation that comes from enjoying the work makes a significant difference,” Amabile said.,Language Points,4.What problem does Professor Simonton point out which often stops people from achieving greatness. 5.What

33、did the Brandeis University study show?,They simply dont devote the amount of time required.,The study showed that enjoying ones work is the best form of invitation.,Exercises Comprehension,2. When youre writing a paper, you must _ the sources of the statements you have quoted to support your argume

34、nt.,1. Im just coming around to have a friendly _ with you. How are you doing?,chat,acknowledge,Exercises Vocabulary,despitecriterioncontributioninfluential characteristiccitemoral chatinnateobstaclemotivateobsessionacknowledgecontemporaryintrinsicsubmit,IV.Fill in the blanks with the words given be

35、low. Change the form where necessary.,3. As the saying goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” People who want to make things better can do so if only they are strongly _.,4. The expression of intense feelings in a simple and yet profound way is recognized as a _ of Emily Dickinsons poetry.,m

36、otivated,Exercises Vocabulary,despitecriterioncontributioninfluential characteristiccitemoral chatinnateobstaclemotivateobsessionacknowledgecontemporaryintrinsicsubmit,IV.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.,characteristic,6. As the most _ US president, Fra

37、nklin Roosevelt left a legacy which still deeply affects the country today.,5. Thomas Jefferson devoted himself completely to the drafting of the Declaration of Independence _ his personal sorrow and trouble.,despite,influential,Exercises Vocabulary,despitecriterioncontributioninfluential characteri

38、sticcitemoral chatinnateobstaclemotivateobsessionacknowledgecontemporaryintrinsicsubmit,IV.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.,8. As I see it, laziness is the biggest _ to persons success.,7.Madame Curie is often _ as an example of a great scientist who wo

39、uld never yield to hardships in her quest for knowledge.,Exercises Vocabulary,despitecriterioncontributioninfluential characteristiccitemoral chatinnateobstaclemotivateobsessionacknowledgecontemporaryintrinsicsubmit,IV.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.,c

40、ited,obstacle,Exercises Vocabulary,despitecriterioncontributioninfluential characteristiccitemoral chatinnateobstaclemotivateobsessionacknowledgecontemporaryintrinsicsubmit,IV.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.,9.Curiosity is the best teacher. If material

41、s of no _ interest are crammed into students head, no effective learning can be achieved.,10.What are your _ for selecting the greatest literary works of the 20th century?,intrinsic,criteria,11.Its good to see a child develop different interests, but when any interest turns into an _ it can be worry

42、ing to parents.,Exercises Vocabulary,12. Before they go to school, children manage to progress from newborns with only _ abilities to children with an enormous amount of knowledge about the ten years of research.,obsession,innate,despitecriterioncontributioninfluential characteristiccitemoral chatin

43、nateobstaclemotivateobsessionacknowledgecontemporaryintrinsicsubmit,IV.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.,Exercises Vocabulary,despitecriterioncontributioninfluential characteristiccitemoral chatinnateobstaclemotivateobsessionacknowledgecontemporaryintrin

44、sicsubmit,IV.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.,13.Mother Teresa will long be remembered for her unique _ to the cause of caring for the sick and dying.,14.Albert Einstein, Franklin Roosevelts _, got involved in politics by suggesting the government devel

45、op its own nuclear weapons program.,contribution,contemporary,Exercises Vocabulary,despitecriterioncontributioninfluential characteristiccitemoral chatinnateobstaclemotivateobsessionacknowledgecontemporaryintrinsicsubmit,IV.Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessa

46、ry.,15.For the inclusion of your record in the Guinness Book of World Records, an application must be _ to its headquarters in London.,16.History has proved that in time of crisis a capable and charismatic (有魅力的) person must be called to leadership so as to raise the nations _.,submitted,moral,讀寫教程

47、IV: Ex. V, P11,Exercises Vocabulary,Exercises Vocabulary,V.Fill in the blanks with the phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.,make historyrise aboveleave behindfocus oncome up withbe endowed withbuild uponput ingo nowhere set aparttake chargeput up with,1. With todays world making fan

48、tastic progress in science and technology, any nation content to rely on past successes will soon be _.,2. Though she was only a normal athlete in high school, in college her ability allowed her to_ and become a star,left behind,rise above,Exercises Vocabulary,3. After replacing a wounded artillery

49、general, Napoleon _ at the young age of 24 by seizing rebellious Toulon (土倫).,4. I wish I _ both intelligence and good looks, but overall I think its more important to be smart than pretty.,made history,were endowed with,V.Fill in the blanks with the phrases given below. Change the form where necess

50、ary.,make historyrise aboveleave behindfocus oncome up withbe endowed withbuild uponput ingo nowhere set aparttake chargeput up with,Exercises Vocabulary,6. This approach is _. We had better come up with a new way of dealing with this problem.,going nowhere,V.Fill in the blanks with the phrases give

51、n below. Change the form where necessary.,make historyrise aboveleave behindfocus oncome up withbe endowed withbuild uponput ingo nowhere set aparttake chargeput up with,5. I enjoy my work, but my boss bothers me so much that Im not sure how much longer Ill be able to _ him.,put up with,Exercises Vo

52、cabulary,7. As the name suggests, the book Greatness: Who Makes History and Why is supposed to _ what enables some people to go down in history.,8. This psychology professors study of great figures is reported to _ over ten years of research.,focus on,were built on,V.Fill in the blanks with the phra

53、ses given below. Change the form where necessary.,make historyrise aboveleave behindfocus oncome up withbe endowed withbuild uponput ingo nowhere set aparttake chargeput up with,Exercises Vocabulary,9. I think your grades are low because you dont study enough. You really need to _ more time studying

54、 if you expect to do well.,10. Advertising is a tough business because it is very difficult to _ new ideas to sell the same old products.,put in,come up with,V.Fill in the blanks with the phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.,make historyrise aboveleave behindfocus oncome up withbe e

55、ndowed withbuild uponput ingo nowhere set aparttake chargeput up with,Exercises Vocabulary,V.Fill in the blanks with the phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.,make historyrise aboveleave behindfocus oncome up withbe endowed withbuild uponput ingo nowhere set aparttake chargeput up wi

56、th,11. I think its the teachers responsibility to _ of the class, not to always ask the students what they want to do.,12. The qualities that truly _ Winston Churchill _ were his determination and his ability to inspire others.,take charge,Listening,聽說教程 IV: Part 2.2, p. 4,Listening,Check-up,Directi

57、ons:Listen to the following conversation twice and fill in the missing parts. Then listen to it for the third time and answer the questions.,Answering the following question before listening to the conversation,How do you get on with your leaders?,2.What kind of abilities do you want for your leader

58、s to have?,A: Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. As you all know, its nearly time for us to get our new leaders. 1)_, and she is going to give us a little preview of 2)_ various nations around our planet are ordering. B:Well, I cant 3)_, you know that would be against regulations. But I can tell you some exciting changes are in store. A: Aha! So the new models are radically different from our current leaders?,Listening,Ou