倉(cāng)庫(kù)溫濕度監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)外文翻譯

1、江漢大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）外文翻譯姓 名 學(xué) 號(hào) 2012 年3 月 1 日外文原文Single chip microcomputer and the development of the temperature and humidity sensorBorn in the 1970 s single chip microcomputer, and experience the SCM, MCU, SOC three phases. (1) SCM namely Single Chip computer stage, main is to seek out the monolithic form

2、s of the embedded system best system structure. Innovation mode success, laid the SCM and general computer completely different development road. (2) MCU namely Micro Controller (Micro Controller Unit) stage, the main technological development direction is: expanding meet embedded application, the o

3、bject system requirements of various peripheral circuit and interface circuit, dash forward show its object the intelligent control ability. (3) MCU is embedded system independent development way, to a key factor to the development of MCU stage, is to seek application system on a chip in the maximiz

4、ation of the solution; Therefore, special MCU development natural form the SOC tendency. With microelectronics technology, IC design, EDA tools development, based on the single chip microcomputer application system SOC design can have larger development.Temperature is a basic physical quantities, ev

5、erything in nature is closely related with the process of temperature. The temperature sensor is the earliest development, the most widely used kind of sensor. From 17 th century people began to use temperature measuring. The temperature sensor there are four main types: thermocouple, thermal resist

6、ance, resistance temperature detector (RTD) and temperature sensor IC. IC temperature sensor and including analog output and digital output two types. Contact temperature sensor detection part and the tested object has a good contact, and calls the thermometer. The thermometer through the transmissi

7、on or convection reach thermal equilibrium, thus make the thermometer and value can be measured directly says the temperature of the objects. General measurement precision. In a certain temperature range, the thermometer can also be measuring objects of internal temperature distribution. But for spo

8、rts body, small target or heat capacity is very small objects will produce larger measurement error, commonly used a thermometer have two-metal thermometer, glass liquid thermometer, pressure type thermometer, resistance thermometers, thermistors and temperature difference electric dipole, etc. Cont

9、actless temperature sensor sensitive components and tested object each other is not contact, again say non-contact highlighted.it table. This instrument can be used to measure movement object, small goals and heat capacity small or temperature change quickly (transient) the surface temperature of th

10、e object, also can used for the measurement of the temperature distribution.1.AT89S52 devices profileThe main performance: and MCS-51 SCM products compatible, and 8 K bytes in the system programmable Flash memory, 1000 time period, and the static integration.it operation: 0 Hz 33 Hz, level 3 encrypt

11、ion program memory, 32 programmable I/O mouth line, three 16 timer/counters, eight interrupt source, full-duplex UART serial channel, low power dissipation power lost mode, and free after power off interrupt can wake up, the watchdog timer, double data pointer, off the identifier.Functional characte

12、ristics description: AT89S52 devices is a low power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontrollers, with 8 K in system programmable Flash memory. Atmel company use high-density nonvolatile technology manufacturing, and industry 80 C51 product instructions and pin fully compatible. Chip Flash allow pr

13、ogram memory in the system programmable, also suitable for conventional programming console. In a single chip, with clever 8 bits CPU and in the system programmable Flash, make AT89S52 devices for many embedded control system to provide high flexible application, super efficient solution. AT89S52 de

14、vices has the following standard function: 8 k bytes Flash, 256 bytes RAM, 32 bit I/O mouth line, the watchdog timer, two data pointer, three 16 timer/counter, a 6 vector level 2 interrupt structure, full-duplex serial mouth, within crystals of timely clock circuit. In addition, AT89S52 devices can

15、be down to 0 Hz series static logic operation, support two software can choose power saving mode. Idle mode, the CPU to stop working, and allow RAM, timer/counter, serial ports, interrupt continue to work for. Power lost protection ways, a RAM content being saved, has been frozen, SCM all work stop,

16、 until the next an interrupt or hardware reset so far.2.Integrated temperature sensorAD590Integrated temperature sensor AD590 to, its temperature resolution for the 0.3 degrees Celsius. The analog signal is output AD590 to, when the temperature of 0 degrees, output current 273.2 microamps, and curre

17、nt variation and temperature variation in a linear relationship, temperature, and once every change, the output current change 1 microamps, the temperature sensor of working temperature range is-30 degrees-150 degrees. If use AD590 to make the temperature sensor, sensor peripheral circuit is simple,

18、 just put sampling resistance and AD590 to link and then to amplify the signal, and then using voltage comparator compared to output voltage, voltage comparator output signals can be directly as PLC the input signal.3.Humidity sensor There are many ways of measuring the air humidity, its principle i

19、s based on certain material from the surrounding air absorb water caused by physical or chemical properties of the change, indirectly from the material of water quantity and the surrounding air humidity. Capacitive and resistive and wet go up wet type according to its original susceptibility were ma

20、cromolecule material moisture absorption after the dielectric constant and resistivity and volume change and humidity measurementSolution a: the HOS-201 wet sensors. HOS-201 wet sensor for high humidity sensor switches, its the job of the voltage of ac 1 V the following, frequency for frequency 50 H

21、Z 1 KHZ, humidity measurement range of 0 100% RH, working temperature range is 0 50 , impedance in 75% RH (25 ) for 1 M . The sensor is used to switch the sensor, not on the wideband range detection humidity, therefore, mainly for the judgment or under more than e. humidity level. However, the senso

22、r to a certain range, have a good use of the linear, and can be effectively using the linear characteristics.Scheme ii: the HS1100 / HS1101 humidity sensor. HS1100 / HS1101 capacitance sensor, in a circuit of equivalent to a capacitor, it has the capacity as the air humidity increases while. Do not

23、need to complete interchangeability of calibration, high reliability and long-term stability, fast response time, patent design of solid polymer structure, the top contact (HS1100) and lateral contact (HS1101) two kinds of packaging products, apply to linear output voltage and frequency output two c

24、ircuit, is suitable for making automatic assembly line of the plugin and automatic assembly process, etc.Relative humidity at 1%-100% RH range; The capacity to change by 16 pF 200 pF, the error is not more than plus or minus 2% RH; Response time less than 5 S; The temperature coefficient is 0.04 pF

25、/ . Visible is higher accuracy.A comprehensive comparison of scheme and scheme ii, plan one although meet the precision and the requirements of the measure humidity range, but its limited to certain scope, have a good use of the linear, and can be effectively using the linear characteristics. And st

26、ill do not have in this design system of temperature-30 to 50 request, so we chose this design as the second scheme humidity sensor.4.MC14433 A/D converterMC14433 is three and A half double integral type of the A/D converter, with high precision, good anti-jamming performance advantages, its shortco

27、ming is conversion rate low, about 1-10 times/SEC. Without the requirement of high speed switching occasions, for example, in low speed data acquisition system, is widely used. MC14433A a/D converter and domestic product 5 G14433 are all the same, can be interchanged.5.The research significanceThe c

28、ollection of temperature and humidity monitoring in daily life has a wide range of USES, the temperature and humidity monitor based on this and design, the biggest advantage is that it can display the current temperature and humidity measurement, and the current temperature and preset temperature ca

29、rries on the comparison, more than when the current temperature and humidity preset temperature alarm, realize the historical data monitoring, collection and analysis purposes. The temperature and humidity monitoring alarm low power consumption, can use the minimal resource for different temperature

30、 for high precision measurement, reliable performance, convenient operation information, complex work through software programming to complete, easy to get results, in actual use for the ideal effect. This design has realized to the real-time control of the temperature, flexible control precision an

31、d reliability, high, can meet the product preliminary test the requirements of the aging. In the processing of constant temperature and heating temperature, formed a complete set of control plan, can transplantation for constant temperature, heating the house and equipment many aspects. Therefore, t

32、his design research results and the design idea can be good in other design transplantation, did it and the actual good union, with strong practical significance.譯文單片機(jī)及溫濕度傳感器的發(fā)展單片機(jī)誕生于20世紀(jì)70年代末，經(jīng)歷了SCM、MCU、SOC三大階段。（1）SCM即單片微型計(jì)算機(jī)（Single Chip Microcomputer）階段，主要是尋求最佳的單片形態(tài)嵌入式系統(tǒng)的最佳體系結(jié)構(gòu)?！皠?chuàng)新模式”獲得成功，奠定了SCM與通

33、用計(jì)算機(jī)完全不同的發(fā)展道路。（2）MCU即微控制器（Micro Controller Unit）階段，主要的技術(shù)發(fā)展方向是：不斷擴(kuò)展?jié)M足嵌入式應(yīng)用時(shí)，對(duì)象系統(tǒng)要求的各種外圍電路與接口電路，突顯其對(duì)象的智能化控制能力。（3）單片機(jī)是嵌入式系統(tǒng)的獨(dú)立發(fā)展之路，向MCU階段發(fā)展的重要因素，就是尋求應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)在芯片上的最大化解決；因此，專用單片機(jī)的發(fā)展自然形成了SOC化趨勢(shì)。隨著微電子技術(shù)、IC設(shè)計(jì)、EDA工具的發(fā)展，基于SOC的單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)會(huì)有較大的發(fā)展。溫度是一個(gè)基本的物理量，自然界中的一切過(guò)程無(wú)不與溫度密切相關(guān)。溫度傳感器是最早開(kāi)發(fā)，應(yīng)用最廣的一類傳感器。從17世紀(jì)初人們開(kāi)始利用溫度進(jìn)行測(cè)量

34、。溫度傳感器有四種主要類型：熱電偶、熱敏電阻、電阻溫度檢測(cè)器(RTD)和IC溫度傳感器。IC溫度傳感器又包括模擬輸出和數(shù)字輸出兩種類型。接觸式溫度傳感器的檢測(cè)部分與被測(cè)對(duì)象有良好的接觸，又稱溫度計(jì)。 溫度計(jì)通過(guò)傳導(dǎo)或?qū)α鬟_(dá)到熱平衡，從而使溫度計(jì)的示值能直接表示被測(cè)對(duì)象的溫度。一般測(cè)量精度較高。在一定的測(cè)溫范圍內(nèi)，溫度計(jì)也可測(cè)量物體內(nèi)部的溫度分布。但對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)體、小目標(biāo)或熱容量很小的對(duì)象則會(huì)產(chǎn)生較大的測(cè)量誤差，常用的溫度計(jì)有雙金屬溫度計(jì)、玻璃液體溫度計(jì)、壓力式溫度計(jì)、電阻溫度計(jì)、熱敏電阻和溫差電偶等。非接觸式溫度傳感器的敏感元件與被測(cè)對(duì)象互不接觸，又稱非接觸式測(cè)溫儀表。這種儀表可用來(lái)測(cè)量運(yùn)動(dòng)物體、

35、小目標(biāo)和熱容量小或溫度變化迅速（瞬變）對(duì)象的表面溫度，也可用于測(cè)量溫度場(chǎng)的溫度分布。1.AT89S52簡(jiǎn)介主要性能:與MCS-51單片機(jī)產(chǎn)品兼容 、8K字節(jié)在系統(tǒng)可編程Flash存儲(chǔ)器、 1000次擦寫周期、 全靜態(tài)操作：0Hz33Hz 、 三級(jí)加密程序存儲(chǔ)器 、 32個(gè)可編程I/O口線 、三個(gè)16位定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器、八個(gè)中斷源 、全雙工UART串行通道、 低功耗空閑和掉電模式 、掉電后中斷可喚醒 、看門狗定時(shí)器 、雙數(shù)據(jù)指針 、掉電標(biāo)識(shí)符 。功能特性描述:AT89S52是一種低功耗、高性能 CMOS 8位微控制器，具有8K在系統(tǒng)可編程Flash存儲(chǔ)器。使用Atmel公司高密度非 易失性存儲(chǔ)器技

36、術(shù)制造，與工業(yè)80C51 產(chǎn)品指令和引腳完全兼容。片上Flash允許程序存儲(chǔ)器在系統(tǒng)可編程，亦適于常規(guī)編程器。在單芯片上，擁有靈巧的8 位CPU 和在系統(tǒng) 可編程Flash，使得AT89S52為眾多嵌入式控制應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)提供高靈活、超有效的解決方案。 AT89S52具有以下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)功能： 8k字節(jié)Flash，256字節(jié)RAM， 32 位I/O 口線，看門狗定時(shí)器，2 個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)指針，三個(gè)16 位 定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器，一個(gè)6向量2級(jí)中斷結(jié)構(gòu)，全雙工串行口， 片內(nèi)晶振及時(shí)鐘電路。另外，AT89S52可降至0Hz 靜態(tài)邏 輯操作，支持2種軟件可選擇節(jié)電模式?？臻e模式下，CPU 停止工作，允許RAM、定時(shí)器/計(jì)數(shù)器、串口、中斷繼續(xù)工 作。掉電保護(hù)方式下，RAM內(nèi)容被保存，振蕩器被凍結(jié)， 單片機(jī)一切工作停止，直到下一個(gè)中斷或硬件復(fù)位為止。2.集成溫度傳感器AD590集成溫度傳感器AD590,其溫度分辨率為0.3攝氏度。AD590輸出的是模擬信號(hào)，當(dāng)溫度為0度時(shí)，輸出電流273.2微安，并且電流變化量與溫度變化量呈線性關(guān)系，溫度每變化一度，輸出電流變化1微安，該溫度傳感器的工作溫度范圍是-30度150度。如采用AD590作溫度傳感器，傳感器外圍電路比較簡(jiǎn)單，只需將采樣電阻與AD590連接，然后對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)行放大，再采用電壓比較器對(duì)輸出電壓進(jìn)行比較，電壓比較器輸出信號(hào)可直