混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)中英文詞匯(上)

1、上冊(cè)：立方體抗壓強(qiáng)度 cube strength 極限狀態(tài) limit state ultimate state預(yù)制混凝土 prefabricated concrete 現(xiàn)澆混凝土Cast-in-situ concrete預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土 prestressed concrete 設(shè)計(jì)基準(zhǔn)期 design reference period設(shè)計(jì)使用年限 design working life 收縮 shrinkage雙筋梁 doubly reinforced section 軸心受壓柱 axially loaded column偏心受壓柱 eccentrically loaded column 偏心

2、距 eccentricity恒荷載 permanent load or dead load 活荷載 variable load or live load 組合系數(shù) combination reduction factor 準(zhǔn)永久值系數(shù) quasi-permanent reducing coefficient結(jié)構(gòu)重要性系數(shù) coefficient of structural importance 界限配筋 balanced reinforcement超筋 over-reinforced 適筋 under-reinforced等效應(yīng)力矩形 equivalent stress block 最小配筋率

3、 minimum steel ratio最大配筋率 balanced steel ratio 截面有效高度 effective depth雙筋梁 doubly reinforced section T形截面翼緣 flangeT形截面腹板 web 有效翼緣寬度 effective flange width主壓應(yīng)力跡線trajectories of the principal compressive stress 斜裂縫 diagonal crack腹筋 transverse reinforcement; web reinforcement 箍筋 ties or stirrups彎起鋼筋incli

4、ned bars bent-up bars 斜拉破壞 diagonal splitting剪壓破壞 shear compression 斜壓破壞 diagonal compression剪跨比 shear span ratio 名義剪跨比 generalized shear span 配箍率 transverse tie ratio 材料彎矩抵抗圖 diagram of bending resistance不需要面 cut-off section 充分利用面 fully-developed section充分利用點(diǎn) fully usable point of bar 理論截?cái)帱c(diǎn) theoret

5、ical cutting point of bar實(shí)際截?cái)帱c(diǎn) real cutting point of bar 錨固長度 anchorage length綁扎搭接binding lapped splice 鋼筋表 bar schedule連接區(qū)段 connection sector 肋梁樓板結(jié)構(gòu) girder-beam-slab structural system現(xiàn)澆樓板 cast-in-place slab 預(yù)應(yīng)力樓板 pre-cast slab剛度 rigidity 彎矩包絡(luò)圖 moment envelope diagram ;ultimate moment diagram剪力包絡(luò)圖 s

6、hear envelope diagram塑性鉸 plastic hinge無梁樓蓋 flat slab塑性內(nèi)力重分布法 plastic redistribution of stresses analysis method彎矩調(diào)幅法 the method of amplitude modulation for bending momentCHAPTER 1Plain Concrete 素混凝土，Reinforced Concrete 鋼筋混凝土，Prestressed Concrete 預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土，reinforcement steel bar 鋼筋（也有人直接用bar,fiber）， Po

7、rtland cement 波特蘭水泥Light-weight concrete 輕質(zhì)混凝土，high-strength concrete 高強(qiáng)混凝土，F(xiàn)iber reinforcedconcrete（FRC）纖維混凝土load 荷載，span 跨徑，strain 應(yīng)變，stress 應(yīng)力，compression 壓力，tension 拉力，moment 彎矩，torsion 扭矩，扭轉(zhuǎn)thermal expansion coefficients 熱膨脹系數(shù)，corrosion protection 防腐蝕，F(xiàn)ire resistance耐火，hollow floor 空心樓板，wall 墻面

8、，girder 主梁，beam 橫梁，column 柱，footing 基礎(chǔ)allowable stress design method 允許應(yīng)力法，ultimate strength design method 極限強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)法，limit state design method 極限狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)法，composite structure 混合結(jié)構(gòu)CHAPTER 2smooth bar 光圓鋼筋，deformed bar 螺紋鋼筋，hot rolled bar 熱軋鋼筋，cold drawn bar冷拉鋼筋，steel wires 鋼絞線，heat treated steel bar 熱處理鋼筋s

9、tress-strain curve 應(yīng)力應(yīng)變曲線，yield plateau 屈服平臺(tái)deformation 變形，deflection 撓度，yield strength 屈服強(qiáng)度，ultimate strength 極限強(qiáng)度，ductility 韌性，hardening 強(qiáng)化，cold drawn 冷拉，tempering treatment 回火，quenching treatment 淬火fatigue 疲勞，shrinkage 收縮，creep 徐變，crack 開裂,crush 壓潰water-cement ratio 水灰比cubic compressive strength

10、立方體抗壓強(qiáng)度，prismatic compressive strength 棱柱體抗壓強(qiáng)度elasticity modulus 彈性模量（楊氏模量），secant modulus 割線模量，tangent modulus 切線模量，shear modulus 剪切模量，poissons ratio 泊松比uniaxial tension 單軸拉伸，biaxial loading 雙軸加載，triaxial loading 三軸加載CHAPTER 3bond 粘結(jié)，anchorage 錨固，bar splicing 鋼筋搭接，splitting 撕裂，crush 壓潰，pull-out fai

11、lure 刮出式破壞splice length 搭接長度，embedded length 埋置長度，development length 錨固長度shape coefficient 外形系數(shù)ribs 鋼筋肋CHAPTER 4axial load 軸向加載，axial tension 軸向拉伸，axial compression 軸向壓力elasticity 彈性，plasticity 塑性longitudinal bars 主筋（縱向鋼筋），stirrup 箍筋，hanger bar 架立筋，bent bar 彎起鋼筋brittle failure 脆性破壞，load carrying cap

12、acity 承載能力short column 短柱，slender column 長柱，stability coefficient 穩(wěn)定系數(shù)cross section 截面，cross-sectional dimension 截面尺寸spiral stirrup 螺旋箍筋CHAPTER 5box section 箱形截面，hollow slab 空心板，T-section T 形截面over-reinforced beam 超筋梁，under-reinforced beam 少筋梁，balanced-reinforced beam適筋梁brittle failure 脆性破壞concrete

13、cover 混凝土保護(hù)層minimum reinforcement ratio 最小配筋率flexure theory 彎曲理論，plane section assumption 平截面假定neutral axis 中性軸，coefficient 系數(shù)，parameter 參數(shù)，constant 常數(shù)stress distribution 應(yīng)力分布，shear span ratio 剪跨比stress block depth 應(yīng)力區(qū)高度（受壓區(qū)高度），relative stress block depth 相對(duì)應(yīng)力區(qū)高度（相對(duì)受壓區(qū)高度），nominal stress block depth

14、名義應(yīng)力區(qū)高度（名義受壓區(qū)高度），flexural capacity 抗彎承載能力symmetry reinforcement 對(duì)稱配筋effective flange width 有效翼緣寬度，flange 翼緣，web 腹板shear-lag effect 剪力滯效應(yīng)simple-supported beam 簡(jiǎn)支梁，continuous beam 連續(xù)梁deep-bending member 深受彎構(gòu)件， deep beam 深梁， transfer girder 轉(zhuǎn)換梁，tie-reinforcement 拉結(jié)筋，horizontal distributing reinforcemen

15、t 水平分布鋼筋spacing 間距CHAPTER 6eccentricity 偏心率，second-order effect 二階效應(yīng)ultimate limit state 使用極限狀態(tài)additional eccentricity 附加偏心距eccentricity magnifying coefficient 偏心距放大系數(shù)tensile failure 受拉破壞，compressive failure 受壓破壞larger eccentricity 大偏心，small eccentricity 小偏心out-plane strength 片面外強(qiáng)度geometric central

16、axis 幾何中心軸CHAPTER 7shear failure 剪切破壞diagonal tension 斜向拉應(yīng)力shear flow 剪力流diagonal cracks 斜裂縫，flexural crack 彎曲裂縫，compression strut 受壓桿web reinforcement 腹筋（抗剪鋼筋）truss model 桁架模型slope angle 傾角upper end of the crack 裂縫上端maximum spacing of stirrup 箍筋最大間距concentrated load 集中荷載，uniform load 均布荷載detailing

17、requirement 構(gòu)造要求moment envelope 彎矩包絡(luò)圖，moment diagram 彎矩圖embedded length 錨固長度points of bend 彎起點(diǎn)CHAPTER 8equilibrium torsion 均衡扭轉(zhuǎn)，compatibility torsion 協(xié)調(diào)扭轉(zhuǎn)static equilibrium 靜力平衡principal stress 主應(yīng)力cracking torque 開裂彎曲transverse reinforcement 橫向鋼筋elasto-plastic mode 彈塑性模型Plastic space truss design me

18、thod 塑性空間桁架設(shè)計(jì)方法，Skew bending design method斜彎設(shè)計(jì)方法hollow section 空心截面perimeter 周長hook 彎鉤minimum stirrup ratio 最小配箍率distribution of reinforcement 鋼筋分布CHAPTER 9punching shear 沖切，local compression 局部受壓two way shear 雙向剪切slab-column joint 板柱交接點(diǎn)column cap 柱帽，drop panel 托板linear interpolation 線形內(nèi)插e(cuò)ffective d

19、epth 有效高度critical width 臨界寬度punching shear cone 沖壓椎體polar moment of inertia 極慣性矩net area 凈面積spiral stirrup 螺旋箍筋，mat reinforcement 鋼筋網(wǎng)splitting 劈裂，chipping 崩裂CHAPTER 10prestressed concrete 預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土pretensioning system 先張法，post-tensioning system 后張法wire 鋼絲，strand 鋼絞線，tendon 鋼束bottom 臺(tái)座，casting-yard 預(yù)制場(chǎng)d

20、uct 孔道，jack 張拉，grout 灌漿，bond 粘結(jié)，unbond 無粘結(jié)friction 摩擦full prestressing 全預(yù)應(yīng)力，partial prestressing 部分預(yù)應(yīng)力creep 徐變，shrinkage 收縮stress loss 應(yīng)力損失grippers 夾具，anchorage 錨具permissible stress 容許應(yīng)力，stretching stress 拉伸應(yīng)力，effective prestress 有效預(yù)應(yīng)力loss of prestress 預(yù)應(yīng)力損失，loss due to friction 摩擦損失，anchorage-secti

21、ons 錨具滑移，elastic shortening of concrete 混凝土塑性回縮，steel stress relaxation 鋼筋應(yīng)力松弛，creep loss 徐變損失，shrinkageloss 收縮損失tendon profile 鋼束形狀，deviation force 偏向力，curvature effect 曲率效應(yīng)，wobbleeffect 抖動(dòng)效應(yīng)fixed end 固定端，tension end 張拉端overstretching 超張拉curvature friction coefficient 曲率摩擦系數(shù)transfer length 傳遞長度，bond stress 粘結(jié)應(yīng)力concrete depositing 混凝土澆注service stage 使用階段，construct