反義疑問句及中考題訓(xùn)練

1、反義疑問句【反義疑問句】（一）概念：反意疑問句是由陳述句和附在其后的附加疑問句組成。其中附加疑問句是對(duì)陳述句所說的事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)提出疑問，起證實(shí)作用，一般用于證實(shí)說話者所說的事實(shí)或觀點(diǎn)。 （二）要點(diǎn)注意：1、反意疑問句前后兩部分謂語應(yīng)是：“肯定陳述否定疑問”或“否定陳述肯定疑問”。2、簡(jiǎn)略問句如果是否定式：not應(yīng)與be，do，will等系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞縮寫。3、簡(jiǎn)略問句的主語不用名詞，應(yīng)用人稱代詞。4、陳述部分含“too.to”時(shí)，是否定句。（三）用法：1) 陳述部分I am時(shí)，疑問部分要用 arent I. Im as tall as your sister，arent I?（我和你姐

2、姐一樣高，對(duì)嗎？）2) 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, seldom, hardly等否定含義的詞時(shí)，疑問部分用肯定含義。如： The old man made no answer, did he? Jim is never late for school, is he?3) 陳述部分有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑問部分常用dont +主語（didnt +主語）。 We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we? used to，疑問部分用didnt

3、+主語或 usednt +主語。 He used to take pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he? had better（最好） + v. 疑問句部分用hadnt you? Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?4) 陳述部分有would rather（寧可、寧愿） +v.，疑問部分多用 wouldnt +主語。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?5 陳述部分有Youd like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldn

4、t +主語。 Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?6) 陳述部分主語是指示代詞或不定代詞everything, that, nothing, this, 疑問部分主語用it。 Everything is ready, isnt it? 陳述部分主語是不定代詞everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑問部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he. Everyone knows the answer, dont they? (doesnt he?) Nobody knows about it, do they? (

5、does he?)7) think引導(dǎo)的賓語從句：A.主語是第一人稱 I dont think he is bright, is he? We believe she can do it better, cant she? B. 如果主語不是第一人稱則疑問部分與主句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問句 He thought they were wrong, didnt he? （不能說werent they?）8) 省去主語的祈使句的反意疑問句，疑問部分用will you。 Dont do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / wont you? Lets

6、開頭的祈使句，后用shall we（或用shant we) ?而Let us 開頭的祈使句，后用will you（或wont you）? Lets go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shant we)? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you （或wont you）?9) 陳述部分是there be結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問部分用there。 There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there? There will not be any troubl

7、e, will there?10) 否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問句仍用否定形式。 It is impossible, isnt it? He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 反義疑問句由兩部分組成：前一部分是一個(gè)陳述句，后一部分是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的疑問句，兩部分的人稱時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致。主 語一般詞語附加疑問句中主語 用和主語一致的主語，用主格。 不定代詞當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是 (1)everyone,no one， nobody 等時(shí)，后面的疑問句應(yīng)表示為： Everyone is in the classroom, arent they? (基本不用單

8、數(shù)，但也可用he） Nobody will go, will they? (2) everything,anything,nothing,something時(shí)，附加疑問句中主語一般用 it 不用 they （3）this,that,或those,these時(shí)，附加疑問句中主語用it和they. 特殊句型否定意義的詞 （1）當(dāng)陳述部分有never，seldom, hardly，few，little，barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定意義的詞時(shí)，后面的反意疑問句則為肯定形式： There are few apples in the basket, are there? He

9、 can hardly swim, can he? They seldom come late, do they? （2）當(dāng)陳述部分含有否定意思的詞是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly等含有否定詞綴的派生詞，也就是有un-前綴、-less后綴等含有詞綴而意思否定的詞，當(dāng)做肯定句處理，疑問部分要用否定形式。如： He looks unhappy,doesnt he?他看上去不高興，不是嗎？ The girl dislikes history,doesnt she?這女孩不喜歡歷史，不是嗎？ 表示主語主觀意愿的詞含有think, believe, suppose, imagine

10、, expect等動(dòng)詞后接賓語從句構(gòu)成的主從復(fù)合句在構(gòu)成反意疑問句時(shí)，視情況不同有兩種不同的構(gòu)成方式。 (1) 當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱時(shí)，其后的簡(jiǎn)短問句應(yīng)與從句相一致。例如： I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, havent you? 值得注意的是，當(dāng)這些動(dòng)詞后接的賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句時(shí)，其仍屬否定句，故其后的簡(jiǎn)短問句應(yīng)用肯定式，而非否定式。例如： I dont believe that he can tr

11、anslate this book, can he? Wedont imagine the twins have arrived, have they? 此類句子的回答同前否后肯型反意疑問句一樣，如上述后一個(gè)句子，若雙胞胎已經(jīng)到了，則回答為Yes, they have.；若尚未到達(dá)，使用No, they havent.。 (2) 當(dāng)主句的主語為第二、三人稱時(shí)，其后的簡(jiǎn)短問句則應(yīng)與主句相一致（此時(shí)，否定只看主句，與從句無關(guān).）。例如： Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesnt she? You thought they could have c

12、ompleted the project, didnt you? They dont believe shes an engineer, do they? She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon, does she? (3)但如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)等等，疑問句應(yīng)和主句的人稱時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。 had better或have陳述部分有had better,或其中的have表示完成時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，疑問句應(yīng)用hadnt等開頭： Youd better get up early, hadnt you? 其他情況句中有have時(shí)疑問句應(yīng)用dont等開頭 如have表

13、示“有”的時(shí)候，有兩種形式： -He has two sisters,doesnt he? -He doesnt have any sisters,does he? 祈使句當(dāng)陳述部分是祈使句時(shí)，疑問句要根據(jù)語氣來表達(dá) 當(dāng)開頭是Lets時(shí)，一定要用shall we。其余都用will you（包括 Let us）不論肯定否定 Lets go out for a walk, shall we? Let us go out for a walk, will you? Let me help you,may I? Turn on the radio, will you? There be句型There

14、be 句型中，反義疑問部分必須為be 動(dòng)詞 + there There are some apples in the basket, arent there? There isnt any milk left, is there? must當(dāng)陳述部分有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must，問句有4種情況： （1）mustnt表示“禁止，不可，不必”時(shí)，附加問句通常要用must. You mustnt stop your car here,must you? 你不能把車停在這地方，知道嗎？ （2）must表示“有必要”時(shí)，附加問句通常要用neednt. They must finish the work today

15、,neednt they? 他們今天要完成這項(xiàng)工作，是嗎？ （3）當(dāng)must用來表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)時(shí)，問句通常要根據(jù)must后面的動(dòng)詞采用相應(yīng)的形式。 He must be good at English,isnt he? 他英語一定學(xué)得很好，是嗎？ （4）當(dāng)must+have done表示對(duì)過去的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)（一般句中有明確的過去時(shí)間狀語），問句要根據(jù)陳述部分謂語的情況用“didnt+主語”或“wasnt/werent+主語”；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成（一般沒有明確的過去時(shí)間狀語），問句要用“havent/hasnt+主語”。 She must have read the novel las

16、t week,didnt she? 她上星期一定讀了這本小說，是嗎？ You must have told her about it,havent you? 你一定把這事告訴她了，是嗎？ 回 答反意疑問句的回答用yes， no， 但是，回答意思相反,當(dāng)陳述部分是否定形式時(shí)，回答要按事實(shí)。如： They dont work hard, do they? 他們不太努力工作，是嗎？ Yes, they do. 不，他們工作努力。/No, they dont. 對(duì)， 他們工作不努力 肯定反意疑問句的回答當(dāng)陳述部分為否定式，反意疑問句為肯定式時(shí)，其回答往往與漢語不一致，需特別引起注意： It isnt

17、cheap, is it? Yes, it is. “它不便宜吧？”“不，很便宜?！?He doesnt love her, does he? No, he doesnt. “他不愛她，是嗎？”“是的，他不愛她。”此時(shí)，Yes即不，對(duì)前面It isnt cheap.的否定。 否定反意疑問句的回答當(dāng)陳述部分為肯定式，反意疑問句為否定式時(shí)，其回答一般不會(huì)造成困難，一般只需照情況回答即可： Its new, isnt it? Yes, it is. “是新的，對(duì)嗎？”“對(duì)，是新的?！?He wants to go, doesnt he? No, he doesnt. “他想去，對(duì)嗎？”“不，他不想去

18、?！?此時(shí)，No即是，對(duì)前面Its new.的肯定。 回答反意疑問句的原則回答反意疑問句通常應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來確定，“It is a beautiful flower，isnt it？” “It isnt a beautiful flower，is it？” 肯定均為“Yes，it is.否定為“No，it isnt. 快 速 記 憶 表陳述部分的謂語 疑問部分 I arent I Wish may +主語 no,nothing,nobody,never, few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含義 rarely, little等否定含義的詞 ought to（肯定的） shouldnt

19、/ oughtnt +主語 have to+v.(had to+v.) dont +主語(didnt +主語) used to didnt +主語或 usednt +主語 had better + v. hadnt you would rather + v. wouldnt +主語 youd like to + v. wouldnt +主語 must 根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定 感嘆句中 be +主語 Neithernor, eitheror 連接的并列主語 根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定 指示代詞或不定代詞 everything,that, nothing,this 主語用it 并列復(fù)合句 謂語根據(jù)鄰近從句的

20、謂語而定 定語從句,賓語從句的 主從復(fù)合句 根據(jù)主句的謂語而定 think,believe,expect, suppose,imagine等引導(dǎo) 與賓語從句相對(duì)應(yīng)的從句everybody,anyone, somebody,nobody,no one 復(fù)數(shù)they, 單數(shù)he 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need need (dare ) +主語 dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 do +主語 省去主語的祈使句 will you？ Lets 開頭的祈使句 Shall we? Let us 開頭的祈使句 Will you? there be 相應(yīng)的謂語動(dòng)詞+there(省略主語代詞）否定前綴不能視為否定詞

21、仍用否定形式 must表推測(cè) 根據(jù)其推測(cè)的情況來確定反意疑問句1. Linda ate nothing this morning, _? A. didnt she B. was she C. did she D. wasnt she 2. Theres hardly_ milk in the bottle, _there? A. no, isnt B. some, is C. little, isnt D. any, is 3. He has never ridden a horse before, _? A. does he B. has he C. hasnt he D. doesnt h

22、e 4. He seldom came here, _? Yes sir. A. didnt he B. does he C. doesnt he D. did he 5. Everything seems all right, _ ? A. does it B. dont they C. wont it D. doesnt it 7. One cant be too modest, can _ ? A. one B. he C. it D. we 8. No one failed in the exam, _ ? A. was he B. did one C. did they D. did

23、nt he 10. Neither you nor I am a artist, _ ? A. am I B. arent we C. are we D. amnt I 11. He cant be her father, _ he? A. is B. isnt C. can D. cant 12. They have no time to visit the museum, _? A. do they B. havent they C. dont they D. will they 14. Youd better go at once, _ you? A. hadnt B. did C. d

24、idnt D. dont 15. Youd rather work than play, _ you? A. hadnt B. wouldnt C. didnt D. mustnt 16. You dare not do that, _ you? A. dont B. do C. dare D. darent 18. He dislikes the two subjects, _ he? A. does B. doesnt C. is D. isnt 19. These tools are useless now, _ ? A. are they B. arent they C. is it

25、D. isnt it 20. He used to get up at 6:30, _ he? A. didnt he B. did he C. used he D. wouldnt he 22. He ought to win the first prize, _ he? A. mustnt B. oughtnt C. shouldnt D. Both B and C. 23. Lets go there by bus, _? A. will you B. shall we C. dont you D. will you 24. Let us go to play football, _?

26、A. will you B. shall we C. do we D. are we 25. Dont forget to give Polly some food and change her water, _? A. will you B. shall we C. wont you D. do you 26. Lets go shopping this afternoon, _? All right. A. will we B. shall we C. dont we D. are we 27. Pass me the dictionary, _? Yes, with pleasure.

27、A. would you B. will you C. wont you D. wouldnt you 30. There is little water in the glass, _? A. isnt there B. isnt it C. is it D. is there 32. There wont be any concert this Saturday evening, _ ? A. will there not B. will there C. is there D. wont 33. I guess she taught herself Japanese, _? Yes. A

28、. dont I B. did she C. do I D. didnt she 34. I dont believe you are right, _ ? A. are you B. do you C. wont you D. do 35. She doesnt think that Tom sings best in the class, _ ? A. does she B. doesnt she C. does he D. doesnt he 37. I know you didnt want to hurt me, _ ? A. did you B. didnt you C. do I

29、 D. dont I 38. If my father were here he would be very happy, _ ? A. werent he B. were he C. wouldnt he D. would he Key: 15 CDBDD 610 BACDC 1115 AABAB 1620 CCBBA 2125CDBAA 2630 BBBAD 3135 BBDAA 3638 AACBritish newspapers are much smaller than they used to be and their readers are often in a hurry ,s

30、o newspapermen write as few words as possible .They tell their readers at once what happened ,where ,when and how it happened and what was the result : how many people were killed ,what change was done and so on .Readers want the fact(事實(shí)) set out as fully and accurately as possible .Readers are also

31、 interested in the people who have seen the accident. So a newspaperman always likes to get some information (信息)from someone who was there, which can be given in the persons own words .Because he can use only a few words ,the newspaperman must choose those words carefully ,every one must be effecti

32、ve(有效). Instead of “he called out in a loud voice”, he writes” he shouted”; instead of “the loose stones rolled noisily down the side of the mountain”, he will write” they thundered down the mountainside”. Because many of the readers arent very clever, and most of them are in a hurry.1. From the tex

33、t, we learn that newspapermen write as few words as possible ,because readers_. A.want to know more about the newsB. take no interest in what has happened C. have no time to read the news carefully D. pay much attention to the result2. The underlined word”one” in the text refers to _. A.word B.newsp

34、aperman C.reader D.person 3. Which of the following would best complete the text ?A. he will keep his writing short B. he wont care about his writingC. he will give nothing but information D. he wont make his writing good enough.4. In what way do you think British newspapers have become smaller? A. In a page size. B. In number of readers.C. In number of pages. D. In number