現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)課件

1、Present Perfect Tense,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),Present perfect tense 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),構(gòu)成:,have/has + 過(guò)去分詞 （過(guò)去分詞的變化分規(guī)則與不規(guī)則兩種。 規(guī)則變化與過(guò)去式相同，不規(guī)則變化需要另記 ）,過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成,(1)規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞和它的過(guò)去式相同,即在原形后加ed（以e 結(jié)尾的加d） work- worked arrive- arrived,(2). 以y結(jié)尾的改y為i+ed study- studied try-tried,(3).以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母ed stop-stopped drag-dragged,(4).有些動(dòng)詞得過(guò)去分

2、詞是不規(guī)則的，需要 逐個(gè)記憶。（背熟不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表） go- gone take- taken,A.肯定句 主語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞have has + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞 + B.否定句 主語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞have has + not + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+ C.一般疑問(wèn)句 助動(dòng)詞Have Has +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+,肯定回答：,否定回答：,Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has,No,主語(yǔ) + have/has not,havent/hasnt,二、構(gòu) 成,D. 特殊疑問(wèn)句： 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+have/has +主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞+,He has already read the book. (改寫(xiě)否定/疑問(wèn)/特殊疑問(wèn)句）,He

3、 hasnt read the book yet.,Has he read the book yet?,What has he read yet?,用法一：,表示過(guò)去的發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。,例如： I have just cleaned my clothes我剛洗過(guò)衣服。 （“洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“衣服干凈了”）。,它的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)通常為already“已經(jīng)”，just“剛剛”，ever“曾經(jīng)”，yet“尚，還,已經(jīng)”，never“從來(lái)沒(méi)有”,before“在以前”等。 already 多用于肯定句句中或句末 Eg: I have already finis

4、hed it . just 一般用于肯定句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前 I have just met him. yet 用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句末 eg: Has he finished his homework yet ? ever 多用于疑問(wèn)句 Eg: Has Jane ever been to Shanghai ?,用already，just，ever，yet，never填空 1. Have you _ visited the Geat Wall? 2.He has _ finished his homework, so he can go to play basketball . 3.He has_le

5、ft, when you come back. 4.Have you watered the plants _ ? 5.I have _seen such an interesting film before.,ever,already,just,yet,never,Exercises,1. I _(have) lunch already. 2. Has the train_ (arrive), yet? 3.Tom _ never_ (be to ) China. 4. The twin _just _(see) my father.,have had,arrived,has,been to

6、,has,seen,have/has gone to have/has been to have/has been in/at,1.A: Wheres Jim, Li Lei? B: He _his school library. .2.We _the Great Wall twice. Its very beautiful. 3.The Greens _China for three years,has gone to,have been in,have been to,B,A,A,B,B,A,用法二,+地點(diǎn),stay,have/has gone tohave/has been to hav

7、e/has been in,have/has gone to:去了某地（已經(jīng)去了或在途中，還沒(méi)有返回）； have/has been to:去過(guò)某地（曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了,后面可接表示“次數(shù)”的狀語(yǔ)）; have/has been in:呆在某地（表示某人“已在某地停留一段時(shí)間，現(xiàn)仍在那里”，其后常帶表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)）。,1.他以前曾去過(guò)上海。,He has been to Shanghai before.,3.他在上海10年了。,He has been in Shanghai for ten years,2.他去上海了。,He has gone to Shanghai.,have/

8、 has been in/at 逗留在某地(已經(jīng)一段時(shí)間).常和for ten days, since I came here等連用.,用法三： for+一段時(shí)間 since+一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn) since+一段時(shí)間 ago since+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句（一般過(guò)去時(shí)） E.g. Kate has lived here for 9 years. Kate has lived here since 2000. Kate has lived here since 9 years ago. Kate has lived here since she came to China.,表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的

9、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),并且有可能再持續(xù)下去。動(dòng)詞使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,用since或者for填空 1. My brother has worked in this shool _ 2006. 2. The Germans have lived in the city _ ten years. 3. I have had this book _ two days ago.,since,for,since,IV.分清 for和since的用法 1.We havent seen each other _ a long time. 2.His father has been

10、in the Party _ 10 years ago. 3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes. 4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China. 5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years. 6. Its five years _ we met last time.,for,since,for,since,for,since,Fill in the blanks,英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,終止性動(dòng)詞,begin, start, die, buy, leave, c

11、ome,不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)：for+時(shí)間段, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句連用,也不能用在how long引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句中.,終止性表示動(dòng)作的發(fā)生與結(jié)束于一瞬間完成,不能再延續(xù),終止性動(dòng)詞要表示持續(xù)時(shí), 可用以下方法: .將時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)改為時(shí)間段 + ago,句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí). eg. 我弟弟參軍兩年了. My brother joined the army two years ago. .若保留for+時(shí)間段,since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句, 或用在 how long 句型中,則需將終止性動(dòng)詞改為相應(yīng)的狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,begin, start, die, buy, leave, co

12、me,常見(jiàn)短暫性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的有,leave- be away (from) come/arrive/ go-be in/at +地點(diǎn) die-be dead buy-have borrow- keep close-be closed join-be a member of be in + 組織名稱(chēng) begin- be on,Exercises,His father has died. (for 2 years) The football match has begun.(since9:00a.m) The twins have joined the army. (since they

13、 were 18years old) My teacher has left Nanjing. (for 3 days),His father has been dead for 2 years.,The football match has been on since 9:00 a.m.,The twins have been in the army since they are 18years old.,My teacher has been away from Nanjing for 3 days,T or F 1.我買(mǎi)了這塊手表五年了。 2.這位老人已經(jīng)死了十年了。,I have bo

14、ught this watch for five years. I have had this watch for five years/since 5 years ago. I bought this watch five years ago.,The old man has died for ten years. The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago. The old man died 10 years ago.,F,F,T,T,T,T,III.分清終止性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,1. 這本書(shū)我借了一個(gè)月了。,It i

15、s/ has been a month since I borrowed the book.,I have kept the book for a month. /since a month ago.,A month has passed since I borrowed the book.,Correcting,1. I have borrowed the book for 3 months. 2. My bother has joined the army since he was 18. 3. Jack and Tom have lived here since 5 years. 4.

16、The film has been on since I have come to the cinema. 5. When has Mr. Li caught a bad cold?,have kept,has been in/ been a member of the army,since 5 years ago/ for 5 years,came,did,catch,6. Ten years have passed since they got married. 7. Jim has gone to Beijing for 2 years. 8.What time have the fac

17、tory opened? 9.I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twice,has,has been in,did,open,been to,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別,一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過(guò)去,但意義卻不同. （1）一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在。 如:I learned ten English songs（說(shuō)明過(guò)去學(xué)過(guò),現(xiàn)在是否記得,不是本句的內(nèi)容） I have learnt ten English songs.（learn發(fā)生在過(guò)去,但強(qiáng)調(diào)我現(xiàn)

18、在懂英語(yǔ)歌曲）,1.都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，不能和具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用如:yesterday, last year, three days ago, just now，in1990等； 3.一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事或狀態(tài)與表示過(guò)去的具體時(shí)間連用（last, ago, yesterday, etc. ）,present,past,I have lived here for two years,I lived there 2 years ago,（2）一般過(guò)去時(shí)可以和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如:yesterday, last year, three days ago

19、, just now，in1990等?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能,eg.1. He had his breakfast at 6:00 He has had his breakfast. 2. When did you come here? I watched the football match on TV at 9:00.,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)注意四個(gè)分清(考點(diǎn))： 1.分清與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法 2.分清終止性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 3.分清has been to ,has gone to 4. 分清for, since, ago 的用法,1.-Your brother isnt at home. Where is

20、he? He_ to Beijing. He _ for over 2 months. A has been, has left B has gone, has gone C has gone , has been away 2、Have you met Mr Li _？A. just B. ago C.before D. a moment ago3、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice.A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see,C,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還與once（一次），twice（兩次）， three time

21、s（三次），several times（幾次） 等表示重復(fù)次數(shù)的詞語(yǔ)連用。,C,B,9,These farmers have been to the United States.Really ? When _ there ?A. will they go B. did they goC. do they go D. have they gone,B,10、_ you _ your homework yet? Yes . I _ it a moment ago.A. Did; do; finished B. Have; finished ; did C. Have; done; have fin

22、ished D. will; do; finish,B,( ）1 -Lets go to see the show . -I _ it . Its very interesting . A have seen B see C am seeing ( ) 2 They _all their money , so they have to walk home. A spend B had spent C have spent D will spend ( ) 3 We _ our breakfast . We _ it at school at 6:30. A have had ; have ha

23、d B have had ; had C had ; have had D had ; had,A,C,B,( ) 4 -Have you ever _ my stamps ? - Yes , I _them on your desk yesterday . A saw ; saw B saw ; seen C seen ; saw D seen ; was seening ( ) 5 -You have never been to the West Lake , _ you ? -No , never . A do B did C havent D have,C,D,( ) 6 He has

24、 gone to Qingdao for summer holidays , _he? A isnt B wasnt C hasnt D doesnt ( ) 7 -_ you_ to the hospital yet ? -Yes , I have . A Have ; been B Have ; gone C Has ; been D Has ; gone ( ) 8 - Have you improved your spoken English _ ? - Yes , I have . Ive _ improved it . A already ; yet B already ; alr

25、eady C yet ; already D yet ; yet,C,A,C,( ) 9 - Have you seen the film _ ? -Yes , I saw it three years _. A ago ; before B before ; ago C ago ; ago D before ; before ( ) 10 Tom _ the CD player for two weeks _. A has seen , yet B havent seen ; yet C hasnt seen ; already D hasnt seen ; yet,B,D,( ) 11 I

26、 _ the story book for a week . A have bought B have borrowed C have had D have sent ( ) 12 Hurry up ! The film _ for ten minutes . A has been on B began C has begun D had begun ( ) 13 The train _ for ten minutes A arrived B went C has left D has been away,C,A,D,( ) 15 In Beijing many people _ the Great Wall man