人教版初三英語(yǔ)上unit1語(yǔ)法講解及練習(xí).doc

Unit 1: How do you study for a test? 【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】1查閱 組成;編造 取笑（某人） 談?wù)?，討?與某人說(shuō)話 將視為. 突然中止;中斷 以結(jié)束 犯錯(cuò)誤 不敢去做 一點(diǎn)也不 英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ) 做筆記 處理 （時(shí)間) 過(guò)去 在某人的幫助下 = 決定做某事 練習(xí)做某事 擔(dān)心某人/ 某事 = 盡某人最大努力 對(duì)某人感到生氣 愉快地做某事 做某事有困難 【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】1. 動(dòng)名詞 在動(dòng)詞后加ing為動(dòng)名詞doing，相當(dāng)于名詞，在句子中可以做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。(1)作主語(yǔ)（謂語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)）Memorizing the words of pop songs also helps a little.記流行歌曲的詞也起作用。Swimming is good for our health.(2)作賓語(yǔ) 在動(dòng)詞(keeppracticefinish enjoyhatebe busymind) 后只用ing 作賓語(yǔ)Eg. We should keep speaking English in class. He often practices singing in the morning. I have finished reading the book. Would you mind opening the door?(3) 作表語(yǔ) Babysisters job is washing，cooking and taking care of the children.(4)作定語(yǔ) I think that doing a lot of listening practice is one of the secrets2. 動(dòng)詞不定式及動(dòng)名詞在句中成分 (1)做定語(yǔ)后置The best way to learn English is reading aloud.The fastest way to travel is by plane (2)與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系I need a pen to write with. I dont have a partner to practice English with.I need some paper to write on. I dont have a room to live in.3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)A. 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)?！境Ｓ脮r(shí)間狀語(yǔ)】recently, lately, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn), for+數(shù)字+時(shí)間名詞, in the past few months/years等【構(gòu)成】 肯定形式：have/has + done 否定形式：have/has + not +done 一般疑問(wèn)句：have或has放于句首 B.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話之前已完成，而對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。 eg. The car has arrived.車子來(lái)了。（結(jié)果：車子已在門口） Someone has broken the window.有人把窗戶打破了。（結(jié)果：窗戶仍破著）區(qū)別：have been to, have gone to, have been inhave been to,表示去過(guò)某個(gè)地方，不過(guò)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了have gone to表示去了，但還沒(méi)有回來(lái)，也許是在去的途中have been in指的是在某個(gè)地方，從過(guò)去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在例如：你去過(guò)北京兩次。他去香港了。 我在新都五年多了。 2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作開始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去。常用for和since表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)或so far，now，today，this week (month，year)等表示包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的狀語(yǔ)。eg. 他已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)有五年了。 他自從2001年至今學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。 現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)寫完作業(yè)了。 注意：表示短暫時(shí)間動(dòng)作的詞，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成時(shí)不能與for，since等表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用。用來(lái)持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)或表過(guò)去重復(fù)的動(dòng)作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自從）或for（經(jīng)歷）引導(dǎo)的詞語(yǔ)連用。如：我已在此住了30多年。 由非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞到延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：6arrive begin(start) die come back be backleave fall ill(sick, asleep) be ill(sick, asleep)get up be upgo out be outfinish put on wear 或be onopen be openjoin 或be a member ofclose be closedgo to school be a studentborrow buy catch(a cold) have(a cold)get to know knowbegin to study studycome to work work例題 ( )1. This is a _ story . When we heard this, we are all _. A. surprising; surprising B. surprised; surprising C. surprising; surprised D. surprised; surprised( )2. Please read _ the text in class. A. loud B. big C. loudly D. aloud ( )3. The girl has a sweet _. A. voice B. sound C. noise D. read( )4.We should _ this poem in class because its short and beautiful. A. remember B. memorize C. leave D. forget( )5. There seems to be no solution _ the problem. A. for B. to C. of D. all of these( )6. Would you mind my _ the window? A. open B. opens C. opening D. opened( )7. We are all impressed _ his new car. A. with B. on C. of D. about( )8. _ his way to school, he picked up a wallet and found the owner _ a rainy day. A. On; in B. In; on C. On; on D. On; at( )9. We _ two hours in doing our homework every night. A. take B. pay C. cost D. spend( )10. He thinks that _ is a great way to learn a language. A. study grammar B. to study grammar C. studying grammar D. B and C【時(shí)態(tài)】（ ）1. Ill lend you the book , but you can only _ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take（ ）2. I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in（ ）3.The factory _ since the February of 1988. A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened（ ）4.Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become（ ）5.You mustnt_ until he comes back. A. be away B. leave C. be left（ ）6.The meeting _ for a week now. A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over（ ）7.Miss Gao _ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught（ ）8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years. A. has been B. has become C. was D. became（ ）9. I _ home for a week. A. have returned B. have been back C. returned（ ）10. How long _ he _ ? A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead課后練習(xí).選出可以代替劃線部分的選項(xiàng)( )1. What about watching English-language TV? A. Why not B. How about C. Why dont you( )2. The box is too heavy for me to move.A. The box isnt heavy enough for me to move. B. The box is so heavy that I cant move it.C. The box is so light that I can move it.( )3. He has forgotten a lot of words. A. many B. much C. a lot( )4. Please call me as soon as you get to Beijing. A. arrive B. reach in C. arrive in( )5. John was good at keeping dogs. A. does well in B. do well in C. did well in.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)的提示完成句子.1. Can you get the _(發(fā)音) right?2. Some of my friends have given me_(更明確的) suggestions.3. The other people _(嘲笑了) the old woman at her mistakes.4. My friends want to go on a field trip. _ (首先) we have to buy some food and drink.5. My brother doesnt like playing baseball_(根本).6. Our teacher asked us some questions about_(學(xué)英語(yǔ)) yesterday.7. Li Ming is not good at English. He often makes mistakes _(在語(yǔ)法上)8. Most people in the world speak English _ (作為第二語(yǔ)言).用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Li Mu is good at math. He studies it well by _(work) out math problems after class.2. How about_(study) with groups to improve your English grade?3. I was_(embarrass, 動(dòng)詞，使困窘) because I had no money at that moment.4. My little brother is afraid _(walk) out at night.5. Do you enjoy _(learn) English in class?6. Your hair is so long. You must get your hair _(cut).7. Why not _(join) an English language club to practice speaking English?8. He doesnt know how _(improve) his English.9. How long_ you_(study) at your school? For about two years.10. Oh, what a pity! I dont have a partner _(practice) the conversation with.完形填空 Most adults once studied at school, had classes and did their homework every day. The same 1 is going on at school now. 2 it seems that doing weekend homework is 3 problem for the modern students. All the students should agree that weekend homework should be abolished. Its 4 for them studying at school five days a week. They have a lot of interests. With homework to do on Saturday and Sunday, when can they find 5 to help around the house, go and see a football or basketball game or a good film, join in family recreation or just have 6 at home? Because of these other activities, the homework cant be finished until 7 .So their weekend homework is usually done in such a hurry that on Monday teachers are 8 and often threaten to fail whole class of students because they know nothing about the 9 .If there were no weekend homework for the students to do. They would be happy to go to school on Monday 10 having a good rest and to learn what the teachers teach. ( )1 A. thing B. school C. class D. homework ( )2 A. Also B. But C. Still D. Though ( )3 A. no B. another C. on D. other ( )4 A. not enough B. enough C. no good D. no use ( )5 A. friends B. time C. places D. money ( )6 A. a rest B. an exam C. a lesson D. picnic ( )7 A. Monday afternoon B. Saturday C. Friday night D. Sunday night ( )8 A. pleased B. sorry C. unhappy D. not worried ( )9 A. lesson B. games C. interests D. activities ( )10 A. until B. when C. before D. after .閱讀理解（A）My English learning People living in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are aboutfifteen hundred languages in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very largedictionary, for example, contains four or five hundred thousand words. But we do not needall these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. Before youleave school , you will learn only one thousand or more . The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabularybigger . Read as many books as you can. There are a lot of books written in easy English foryou to read. You will enjoy them. When you meet a new word, find it in your dictionary. Your dictionary is your most useful book. ( )1. The number of different languages spoken is about _. A. 150 B. 15,000 C. 500 D. 1,500( )2. Before you leave your school, youll learn _. A. only two thousand words B. five hundred thousand words C. more than one thousand words D. three or four thousand words( )3. To make your vocabulary bigger, you must _. A. get as many dictionaries as you can B. read as many books as you can C. buy a lot of books D. have a very large English dictionary ( )4. You will enjoy _. A. the books written in easy English B. your dictionaryC. your new words D. finding new words in a dictionary （B） Small children often laugh at the short ones or at someone who isnt dressed as well asthey are . But as they grow up , they learn not to hurt peoples feelings by laughing attheir problems . They learn to laugh at other things. Most important they learn to laugh atthemselves. Suppose （假設(shè)）youre playing a game . You make a mistake and lose. Do you become angry? Or can you laugh at yourself and hope to do better next time? Suppose you are at a specialdinner. You at times spill （濺）some food . Why keep worrying about how clumsy （笨拙）youlooked ? Why not laugh it off and enjoy yourself any way? If you can, its a good signyouve really grown up. （ ）1. This article is mostly about _. A. why laughter is good for your body B. what you should laugh at C. where you may laugh D. who you may laugh（ ）2. The writer says small children laugh at people who _. A. have problems B