江蘇省句容市后白中學(xué)中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí) 句子類型 牛津版.doc

江蘇省句容市后白中學(xué)中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí) 句子類型 牛津版【要點(diǎn)提示】【要點(diǎn)概述】英語(yǔ)句子按其結(jié)構(gòu)可分為簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。1. 簡(jiǎn)單句由一個(gè)主語(yǔ)部分和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)部分組成，其五種基本句型分別為：“主語(yǔ) + 不及物動(dòng)詞”、“主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ)”、“主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(yǔ)”、“主語(yǔ) + 雙賓動(dòng)詞 + 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ)”、“主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”。2. 并列句由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句（即分句）組成。常用的連詞或副詞有and, but, or, then, so等。3. 復(fù)合句由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成。初中階段要求掌握賓語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)單用法?！究键c(diǎn)分述】句子類型的考點(diǎn)主要集中在復(fù)合句上面，下面就初中階段需要掌握的復(fù)合句的用法作一歸納。1. 賓語(yǔ)從句1）由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。有大量的動(dòng)詞可以接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，如advise, agree, believe, decide, find, hear, hope, insist, know, learn, mean, realize, say, see, show, suggest, tell, think, wish等。2）由連接代（副）詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這類連接代（副）詞主要有what, who, which, where, why, how, whether, if等。3）直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)常用到賓語(yǔ)從句。2. 狀語(yǔ)從句1）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句通常由when, while, as, since, after, before, as soon as, till / until等引導(dǎo)。其中需要我們注意的是：當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。例如：i wont go out until my mother returns.2) 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句通常由where，wherever等引導(dǎo)。3) 原因狀語(yǔ)從句。原因狀語(yǔ)從句通常由because,since, as等引導(dǎo)。其中需要我們注意的是：because 和 so 不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)句子中。例如：because she failed again, so she was unhappy. （）she failed again, so she was unhappy. （）4) 條件狀語(yǔ)從句。條件狀語(yǔ)從句通常由if, unless等引導(dǎo)。其中需要我們注意的是：當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。例如：if you will work hard, youll succeed. （）if you work hard, youll succeed. （）5) 目的狀語(yǔ)從句。目的狀語(yǔ)從句通常由so that, in order that等引導(dǎo)。6) 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句通常由so, so .that, such . that等引導(dǎo)。其中需要我們注意的是：在such . that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中，such 后接名詞, 在so . that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中，so后接形容詞或副詞。當(dāng)名詞前有many, few, much, little等詞時(shí)，通常用so，而不用such。例如：eric was so good at maths that he got the first place in the maths contest.he gave me such good advice that i finished the task easily.mike had so little money that he was unable to buy a mobile phone.7) 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句通常由even though, even if, although, though等來引導(dǎo)。其中需要我們注意的是：在含有although或though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，主句不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)but。例如：although / though he is famous, but he is not happy. （）although / though he is famous, he is not happy. （）8) 方式狀語(yǔ)從句。方式狀語(yǔ)從句通常由as引導(dǎo)。9) 比較狀語(yǔ)從句。比較狀語(yǔ)從句通常由as / so .as，than等引導(dǎo)?！緦ｍ?xiàng)練習(xí)】. 請(qǐng)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)句子意思，將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)。1. 她很早就到了。_2. 這種紙摸起來很柔軟。_3. 你能把那本字典遞給我嗎？_ 4. 我停下來找那支鋼筆，但沒找到。_5. 上個(gè)月我們選了他當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)。_6. 我聽見那個(gè)女孩在隔壁房間唱歌。_7. 他的女兒嫁給了一個(gè)工程師。_8. 湖里有許多魚。_9. 這就是你想要的那本雜志。_10. 我認(rèn)為他在八點(diǎn)前不會(huì)回來的。_. 請(qǐng)從各題后所給的a、b、c、d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。( )1. we wont get there on time _ we leave early tomorrow morning.a. ifb. unlessc. whend. because( )2. _they had finished their work, they went home.a. whenb. while c. afterd. until( )3. the students cant answer the question, _ it is too hard.a. before b. although c. afterd. because( )4. he didnt go home _the rain stopped.a. whenb. afterc. sinced. until( )5. have you found your gloves?yes, they were lying _ i often put my watch.a. whatb. which c. howd. where( )6. he wants to find a better job_ he canmake more money.a. as soon asb. so thatc. whered. while( )7. you must take the medicine_ you get well.a. whileb. sincec. tilld. so( )8. the old man helped lots of children with their schooling, _he was not rich enough.a. ifb. unlessc. sinced. though( )9. why dont you join the basketball club? _i am not interested in it.a. becauseb. forc. asd. since ( )10. _ he is rich, _there is something that he cant buy.yes. such as friendship and love.a. because, 不填b. though, 不填c. because, sod. though, but ( )11._he is old, he is healthy enough.a. if b. but c. as soon as d. although( )12. _i thought the book was boring, the other students in my class liked it.a. sob. becausec. althoughd. if( )13. you will make great progress_ you study very hard.a. ifb. unlessc. befored. until( )14. how long have you been collecting stamps? _i was ten years old.a. whenb. sincec. befored. after( )15._ i didnt feel well yesterday, i asked for leave.a. although b. butc. unless d. because( )16. where is my radio?you lent it to me _ you were in the classroom yesterday.a. whenb. where c. because d. before( )17. you should ask for your motherssuggestions _ you make your own decision.a. afterb. beforec. untild. as( )18. he met many difficulties _he waslooking for his first job.a. beforeb. as soon asc. whiled. until( )19. you can cross the street_ the traffic lights turn green.a. thoughb. butc. befored. after( )20. well go climbing if it_ this weekend.a. wont rain b. isnt rainingc. wasnt rainingd. doesnt rain( )21. dont worry. i will help you _ i finish my work.a. whileb. as soon asc. unless d. though( )22. _i was having dinner, scott called me.a. sinceb. whilec. becaused. if( )23. she can run as fast_ her mother, she is only ten years old.a. as, thoughb. as, unlessc. than, whend. than, as( )24. _you have come, you shouldnt go away soon.a. although b. because c. since d. so that( )25. do you mind _i go to visit your farm this weekend?a. ifb. becausec. asd. until( )26. the boy had been sent to hospital _the policemen came.a. asb. whilec. whend. if( )27. mary finds it easier to speak_ to writea. asb. thanc. sod. if( )28. he was watching tv_ the alien (外星人) came in.a. whileb. asc. sinced. when( )29. _ he refused my invitation, i was not angry with him.a. becauseb. butc. thoughd. as( )30. he ate _food _ he couldnt go to sleep quickly.a. so much, thatb. so many, soc. so much, asd. so many, that . 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞（含縮寫）。1. he went to sleep after eleven oclock.he _go to sleep_ eleven oclock.2. put on your coat, and youll feel very warm._ you put on your coat, _feel very warm.3. he is too tired to go any farther.he is_ tired _ he cant go any farther.4. i will open the box if you dont let me know whats in it.i will open the box _ you _ _ _ whats in it.5. tom is so clever that we all like him.tom is _ _ _ boy that we all like him. 下列各句帶下劃線部分中有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)找出并改正。1. he wont go home until the rain will stop. _ 2. since her parents had died, so she had to work to support herself. _3. he was running on the playground such fast as he could. _4. he is very careful that he never makes mistakes. _5. helen had gone out while her mother got home. _6. the building of our school is higher as that of their school. _7. i gave him such much help that he was moved to tears. _ 8. though she was ill, she couldnt come to school. _9. he didnt come back since it was ten oclock. _10. can you tell me that theres a bookstore near here?_ . 請(qǐng)根據(jù)句意，用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空，使句意完整、通順。1. _he opened the window，a bird flew in.2. i havent heard from him _ he went abroad.3. he ran _fast _ no one could catch him.4. jenny will not go swimming with us _she is too busy.5. i felt very sad_ the book was lost.6. dont move just stay _ you are!7. ill continue writing to her, _she never answers.8. he explained clearly _ we could understand.9. dont leave the classroom_ you finish the test.10. she sings _ she walks.11. he wont come to the party _ he is invited.12. _ she is only seven years old，she knows quite a lot.13. _he is not old, his hair is turning grey.14. the teacher didnt begin his class_ all the students were seated.15. _ james caught a bad cold yesterday, he had to stay at home.16. _ you go to bed earlier, you wont feel tired in the morning.17. i was watching tv, _ my sister was listening to music.18. the classroom is not so clean_ it was yesterday.19. more and more foreigners are learning chinese_ they can communicate well with the chinese.20. _ i get to guangzhou, i will write to you. 請(qǐng)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)填空（每項(xiàng)限用一次）。1. when, while, as, as soon as, until, since(1) its many years_the world war . (2) ill tell you the good news _ i get there.(3) he didnt go to bed _11 oclock last night.(4) we were swimming in the river _ it started to rain.(5) sports build our body_ reading builds our mind.(6) he jumps_ he goes along.2. so . that, such . that, so that(1) the animals were _ lovely _i spent the whole day in the zoo.(2) id like to arrive there 20 minutes earlier _i can have time for a cup of tea.(3) its _a big fish _it needsmany people to catch it.3. because, since(1) _ you have grown up, you should not depend on your parents.(2) he couldnt come to your party _ he was ill.4. although, though, but(1) _ it was so cold, he went out without a coat.(2) the article is excellent, _ it is very short.(3) some people think winter is a bad season, _ its a good season for me because i love snow.5. if, unless, as, than(1) _ you come early, you will meet him.(2) he will come to your party _he has something else to do.(3) li jun is taller_ li ming.(4) air is to man _water is to fish.參考答案句子類型專項(xiàng)練習(xí). 1. she arrived quite early. 2. the kind of paper feels very soft. 3. could you please pass me the dictionary? / could you please pass the dictionary to me? 4. i stopped to look for the pen, but i found nothing. 5. we chose him as our monitor last month. 6. i heard the girl singing in the next room. 7. his daughter married an engineer. 8. there are many fish in the lake. 9. this is the magazi