被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)高三復(fù)習(xí).ppt

ThePassiveVoice被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 什么是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Activevoice 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者do 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Passivevoice 主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者 注意 不及物動(dòng)詞 短語(yǔ) 沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) Hisdreamwillbecometruesoonerorlater 一般式 進(jìn)行式 bebeingdone 完成式 has havebeingdone bedone 結(jié)構(gòu) 現(xiàn)在時(shí) 過(guò)去時(shí) 將來(lái)時(shí) 1 今日它仍被視為最偉大名著之一 Todayit oneofthegreatestbooks 2 我進(jìn)不去是因?yàn)殚T鎖了 Icouldn tgetinbecausethedoor 3 剛才有人看見一個(gè)人進(jìn)了你家 Aman enteryourhouseamomentago 4 這項(xiàng)工作已經(jīng)完成很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了 Thispieceofwork foralongtime isstillthoughttobe waslocked wasseento hasbeenfinished be PP 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 有各種時(shí)態(tài)的變化 考點(diǎn)一 1 NowEnglish bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword A speaksB isspokenC wasspoken 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) am is are PP 2 Thelostboy atthestreetcornerlastnight A wasfoundB isfoundC waslookedfor 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) was were PP 3 Moreman madesatellites inthefuture A willsendupB willbesentupC aresentup 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) will be PPbegoingto be PP 4 Threebridges sincelastyear A havebuiltB werebuiltC havebeenbuilt 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) have has been PP 5 Flowers everyday A hasbeenwateredB shouldbewateredC shouldwater 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 be PP am is aredone was weredone am is arebeingdone was werebeingdone willbedone wouldbedone has havebeendone hadbeendone 考點(diǎn)二 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的特殊情況 6 Goodmedicine bittertothemouth A tastesB istastedC taste Thispen well A issoldB sellC sells 感官動(dòng)詞 和sell等動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng) 7 Manypeople duringtheearthquakeinMay 2008 A werediedB deadC died happen last die等動(dòng)詞不使用被動(dòng) 8 Theman cleanthetoiletbecausehe rubbishboutwhenthepolicewalkedpastthepark A wasmade wasseentothrowB wasmadeto wasseenthrowingC made saw see hearsb dosthbeseen heardtodosthsee hearsb doingsth beseen hearddoingsth makesb dosth bemadetodosth 主動(dòng) 被動(dòng) 主動(dòng) 被動(dòng) 主動(dòng) 被動(dòng) 9 Childrenshould A takegoodcareofB betakengoodcareC betakengoodcareof 固定短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)不要丟掉后面的介詞或副詞 10 Yourdesk A needsrepairB needsrepairingC needstorepair need allow可以用 ing形式表示被動(dòng)needtobedone needdoingbeallowedtodo allowdoing 二掌握被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式 1 帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) 其形式為 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 be 過(guò)去分詞 Finally childrenshould send tosomewherewherelifeishardifpossible besent Youngtreesmust water often Yourmistakesshould correct rightnow Thedoormaybelockedinside Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow bewatered becorrected 1 Myunclegavemeapresentonmybirthday Iwasgivenapresentonmybirthday Apresentwasgiventomeyesterday 2 Mymothermademeanewskirt Anewskirtwasmadeforme 2 含有雙賓語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句時(shí) 可分別將其中的一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ) 另一個(gè)不動(dòng) Hegavemeabook Abookwasgiventomebyhim Heshowedmeaticket Aticketwasshowntomebyhim Myfatherboughtmeanewbike Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather 什么時(shí)候用to 什么時(shí)候用for呢 give show lend sell tell pass bring take teach offer pay promisesthtosb buy cook make find keep order choose paintsthforsb 3 感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞使用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不帶to 但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí) 須加上to 例 makesomebodydosomething somebody be madetodosomethingseesomebodydosomething somebody be seentodosomething Agirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss 1 我妹妹由奶奶照顧 Mysisterwill byGrandma 2 病人正在做手術(shù)Thepatient betakencareof isbeingoperatedon 4 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要把它們作為整體看 即把它們看一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞 介詞或副詞不可拆開或漏掉 這類動(dòng)詞有 laughat operateon listento lookafter thinkof talkabouthandin catchsightof makeuseof payattentionto setfireto takecareof等 Wecan tlaughathim Hecan tbelaughedatbyus Helistenstotheradioeveryday Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse 1 不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 如 rise 特別要注意表示發(fā)生的動(dòng)詞happen takeplace breakout comeabout occur 1 Whenwegottothetopofthemountain thesun already rise 2 Chinahastakenplacegreatchanges GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChina has risen F F GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina 3 Thebuilding look verybeautiful 4 Hervoice sound quitesweetandweweredeeplyattracted looks sounded 2 五大感官系動(dòng)詞 feel look seem taste sound smell 沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 5 Thecloth wash easily 6 Thenewproduct sell well 7 Thepen write smoothly washes sells 一些動(dòng)詞表示性質(zhì)的如 sell wash write last cook 一般用作不及物動(dòng)詞其后通常加副詞well badly easily smoothly writes 這布很好洗 這新產(chǎn)品很暢銷 這支筆寫字很流暢 8 Thebookiswellworth read 9 Theproblemisnotworth discuss reading discussing 4 Sthbeworth doing 10 Theflowersneed want wash 這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要注意 11 Theproblemrequired washing payingattentionto need want require doing 1 Whenwegottothetopofthemountain thesun already rise 2 Afterthefire fewhouses remain 3 Thebuilding look verybeautiful 4 Hervoice sound quitesweetandweweredeeplyattracted 5 Thecloth wash well 6 Thenewproduct sell well 7 Thebookiswellworth read 8 Theproblemisnotworth discuss 9 Theflowersneed want wash 這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要注意 10 Theproblemrequired payingattentionto wahing discussing reading sells washes sounds looks remained hadrisen 1 不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 如 rise happen succeed remain takeplace breakout belongto consistof等 2 感官系動(dòng)詞 feel look taste sound smell 用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 4 beworth后的動(dòng)名詞要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) 5 在need want require表示 需要 的動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義 Brucewritesalettereveryweek AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek 2 LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning ThebrokenbikewasmendedbyLiLeithismorning 3 Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar Twonovelshavebeenwrittenbyhimsofar 4 Theywillplanttentreestomorrow Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow 5 Lucyiswritingaletternow AletterisbeingwrittenbyLucynow 6 Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave Thebridge build lastyear TheOlympicGames hold everyfouryears 3 Theproblem discuss atthemeetingnow 4 Hisnewbook publish nextmonth 5 Inthelastfewdecades manyparks design toprovideentertainment 6 Themachine repair atthistimeyesterday 7 Shesaidthereport type byLiMeifortwoweeks 8 MissLisaidthebook give tothestudentsthenextmorning wasbuilt areheld isbeingdiscussed willbepublished havebeendesigned lastyear everyfouryears now nextmonth Inthelastfewdecades wasbeingrepaired atthistimeyesterday hadbeentyped said fortwoweeks wouldbegiven said thenextmorning 1 不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 如 rise happen succeed remain takeplace breakout belongto consistof等 2 感官系動(dòng)詞 feel look seem taste sound smell 用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 3 有些動(dòng)詞通常是及物動(dòng)詞 但是當(dāng)它們和well badly easily等副詞連用時(shí) 表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能 是不及物動(dòng)詞 用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng) 這時(shí)不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 常見的有 write read clean sell wash cook等 4 beworth后的動(dòng)名詞要用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng) 5 在need want require表示 需要 的動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義 不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況 Wehaveanoldmusicalinstrument It call aclavichord It make inGermanyin1681 Ourclavichord keep inthelivingroom It belong toourfamilyforalongtime Theinstrument buy mygrandfathermanyyearsago Recentlyitwasdamagedbyavisitor Shetriedtoplayjazzonit Shestruckthekeystoohardandtwoofthestrings broke Myfather shock Nowwe notallow totouchit It repair byafriendofmyfather snow iscalled was