高中英語反意疑問句用法歸納.doc

反意疑問句用法歸納在反義疑問句中，簡(jiǎn)略問句的主語和謂語在人稱和數(shù)方面要和前面的陳述句保持一致，但是，也有不少不一樣的特殊情況，大致有25 種情況。1. Everybody is here, arent they/isnt he? (指人的不定代詞作主語，簡(jiǎn)略 問句一般用they, 也可用he)2. I dont think he is a doctor, is he? (陳述句是轉(zhuǎn)移否定，反意疑問句的主語和謂語必須和從句一致。)3. Open your books, would you/wont you? (陳述句對(duì)第二人稱的祈使句，簡(jiǎn)略問句可用will you? Wont you? Would you? Can you? 或cant you?)4. Dont forget to write a letter to me, will you?(在否定祈使句中，只用will you?)5. Lets go to the station shall we?(Lets 包括聽話者，所以用shall we?)6. Let us go for a walk, will you?/wont you?(Let us 不包括聽話者，而是向聽話者提出建議或要求。)7. We must study all the subjects well, neednt we?(must在這里不表示必須，只表示有必要， 所以不重復(fù)must, 要用need.)8. It must be Xiao Wang, isnt it?(must be在這里表示推測(cè)，要用be 的適當(dāng)形式)9. You must have seen the film Shaolin Brothers, havent you?(當(dāng)must+不定式的完成式表示對(duì)過去事情的推測(cè)時(shí)，用have。)10. The boys mustnt play with fire, may they?(當(dāng)must表示禁止時(shí)，反意問句要用may.)11. He used to get up early, didnt he/ usednt he?(當(dāng)陳述句含有used to時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)略問句用did,也可重復(fù)used.)12.We usually have breakfast at seven, dont we?(當(dāng)have不作有解而用作行為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)略問句用do 適當(dāng)形式)13. You had to do it well, didnt you?(陳述部分的謂語包含have to, has to, had to時(shí)，疑問部分要用do 的適當(dāng)形式。)14. Nothing can stop us now, cant it?(陳述部分用everything, nothing作主語時(shí)，疑問部分主語用it.)15. I am a three-good student, arent I?(陳述部分用I am 時(shí)，疑問部分用arent I.)16. There is something wrong with your TV set, isnt there?(陳述部分為there+be結(jié)構(gòu)，疑問部分用there,省略主語代詞。)17. I wish to go to the cinema, may I?(當(dāng)陳述句是主語結(jié)構(gòu)I wish, 用以征求對(duì)方意見，簡(jiǎn)略問句用may I.)18. Tom has been reading novels, but he didnt read this afternoon, did he?(陳述句是并列句，簡(jiǎn)略問句的主謂語應(yīng)和后一個(gè)分句一致。)19. She dislikes smoking, doesnt she?(如果陳述部分里出現(xiàn)表示否定意義的某些詞 如never, hardly, few, little, nothing, nobody等，簡(jiǎn)略問句要用肯定式;但是， 如果謂語是通過加前綴構(gòu)成的否定詞，簡(jiǎn)略問句用否定。)20. That China is a great socialist country is well known, isnt it?(不定式短語，動(dòng)名詞短語或主語從句作主語，簡(jiǎn)略問句的主語用it.)21. This is my pen, isnt it?(陳述部分的主語this ,that,簡(jiǎn)略問句用it:陳述部分的主語these, those,簡(jiǎn)略問句的主語用they.)22.None of it is here, is it?(在none of結(jié)構(gòu)中，如of 后的名詞或代詞是單數(shù)，后面的主語也為單數(shù)，這種情況，主要由于of 后的名詞或代詞為不可數(shù)名詞)23. In our class each of the students passed the exam, didnt he/they?(陳述部分如是each of 結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，若強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)別，簡(jiǎn)略問句的主語用單數(shù)代詞;若強(qiáng)調(diào)全體，簡(jiǎn)略問句用復(fù)數(shù)代詞。)24. We ought to make a greater contribution to the world revolution, shouldnt/oughtnt we?(陳述部分含ought to 時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)略問句要用should,也可重復(fù)ought.)25. The girl darent go home alone, dare she?(陳述部分的謂語含有dare, need時(shí)，看它們是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞還是行為動(dòng)詞，分別重復(fù)dare, need或 用do 的適當(dāng)形式。)一、反意疑問句的一般情況 1當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是：等everyone, everybody, someone, no one, nobody, somebody合成代詞時(shí)，附加疑問句的主語非正式文體中往往they用。（也可以按語法一致原則用單數(shù)。） 2當(dāng)陳述部分以one不定代詞做主語時(shí)，附加問句的主語在正式常場(chǎng)用one，非正式場(chǎng)合用he。 3當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句、this或that，附加疑問句的主語用it。（是those, these則用they） 4當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是表示物的不定代詞everything, anything, nothing等，附加問句的主語用it。 5陳述部分帶有否定詞或半否定詞，例如：never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, no, none, no one, rarely, nowhere, nothing, nobody, few, little等，附加疑問句的動(dòng)詞要用肯定形式。 6如果陳述部分中的否定詞僅帶有否定的前綴或后綴，那么該陳述句應(yīng)作肯定句處理，附加疑問句應(yīng)用否定形式。 二、常見句型的反意疑問句 7當(dāng)陳述部分是there be 存在句型時(shí)，附加疑問句的主語也用there。 8感嘆句的附加疑問句，其謂語要求用否定句。 9祈使句后面的附加疑問句問題 A) 祈使句是否定形式，附加疑問句只能用will you。 B) 祈使句是肯定形式，附加疑問句用肯定、否定均可。 C) Let開頭的祈使句要注意： 1.Lets 在意義上包含談話的對(duì)方在內(nèi)，表示提出建議或征求對(duì)方意見，其反意疑問句往往用shall we。 2. Let us 在意義上一般不包含談話的對(duì)方在內(nèi)，表示請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許做某事的含義，let 有allow的意思。附加疑問部分用will you。 3. Let me 開頭表示請(qǐng)求，附加疑問句用will you，或用may I。 三、復(fù)合句的反意疑問句 10當(dāng)陳述部分是一個(gè)（帶that引導(dǎo)賓語從句的）主從復(fù)合句時(shí)，附加疑問句的主謂要和主句的主謂保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。但是， 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是：I suppose, I think, I believe, I imagine, I expect等結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，附加疑問句的主語和謂語要和從句的主語，謂語保持一致關(guān)系。而且要注意到否定的轉(zhuǎn)移問題。 11當(dāng)陳述部分是Im sure that,；we are sure；Im afraid that；We are sure that；I feel sure that 等后面跟賓語從句時(shí)，反意疑問句與后面的賓語從句一致。 12當(dāng)陳述部分是并列句時(shí)，附加疑問句的主謂語要和離它最近的句子的主謂保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。 四、關(guān)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的反意疑問句 13陳述部分中有have一詞，且表示“所有”含義時(shí)，附加疑問句部分既可用have也可用do。 14陳述部分中有have to，附加疑問句部分用do。 15含有ought to 的反意疑問句，陳述部分是肯定的，疑問部分用shouldnt / oughtnt +主語。 He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he? / shouldnt he? 16陳述部分有used to，附加疑問句部分可用used 也可以用did 。 17陳述部分有neednt時(shí)，附加疑問句部分用need但有時(shí)也可用must。 18陳述部分有must，且表示“必須”，附加疑問句部分用mustnt，如果表示“必要”則用neednt。 19陳述部分中是mustnt表示“禁止”時(shí)，附加疑問句部分用must。 陳述部分中的must表示“一定”、“想必”等推測(cè)意義時(shí)，附加疑問句部分而是根據(jù)陳述部分的謂語動(dòng)詞或其助動(dòng)詞來定。 2 0陳述部分是I wish， 表詢問或征求意見，附加疑問部分用may I。 21弄清陳述句中的d rather = would rather；d better = had better附加疑問句部分前者用would，后者用had。 其它特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的反意疑問句 22陳述部分的主語是each of.結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，附加疑問句在強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)用they，當(dāng)作個(gè)別時(shí)用he。 23陳述部分有neither.nor.(either.or.)做并列主語，附加疑問部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。 Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 24陳述部分是：Im .結(jié)構(gòu)，附加疑問句一般用arent I? 25. 陳述部分有had better + v. 疑問句部分用hadnt you? Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you? 26. 陳述部分有would rather +v.，疑問部分多用 wouldnt +主語。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he? 27. 陳述部分有Youd like to +v. 疑問部分用wouldnt +主語。 Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you? 28. 帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need的反意疑問句，疑問部分常用 need (dare ) +主語。 We need not do it again, need we ? He dare not say so, dare you? 當(dāng)dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，疑問部分用助動(dòng)詞do + 主語。 She doesnt dare to go home alone, does she?附加疑問句熱點(diǎn)一、 祈使句后的附加疑問句。1 We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter,_. A. do you B. can weC. will you D. shall we2 Alice, you feed the bird today,_?But I fed it yesterday. (NMET 1999)A. do you B. will youC. didnt you D. dont you3. Be sure to write to us,_? (NMET 1993)A. will you B. arent youC. can you D. mustnt you4. Dont smoke in the meeting-room, _? (NMET 1991)A. do you B. will youC. can you D. could you5. It is a fine day. Lets go fishing, _? (NMET 1990)A. wont we B. will weC. dont we D. shall we【解析】 1. C2. B3. A4. B5. D。在由“祈使句+附加疑問”構(gòu)成的附加疑問句中，附加疑問部分一般用will you, wont you, would you等。但是，以lets開頭的祈使句，附加疑問部分用shall we；以let us開頭的祈使句，含義不包括聽話人在內(nèi)，疑問部分用will you。例如：Lets have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we?Let us go out for a rest, will you?熱點(diǎn)二、 There be 句型后的附加疑問句。There was a loud scream from the backstage immediately after the concert ended, _? A. wasnt there B. was there C. didnt it D. did it【解析】 A。當(dāng)陳述句為there be結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，附加疑問句也用there。Theres no help for it, is there?Theres something wrong, isnt there?熱點(diǎn)三、 含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中的附加問句。A) 一般主從復(fù)合句：1 He never said that he was good at mathematics, _ ?A. was he B. wasnt he C. did he D. didnt he2 Mrs. Black doesnt believe her son is able to design a digital camera,_? A. is he B. isnt he C. doesnt she D. does she3 Brain told you that there wasnt anyone in the room at that time,_? A. was there B. wasn t there C. didnt he D. did he【解析】 1. C2. D3. C。當(dāng)陳述部分為主從復(fù)合句時(shí)，附加疑問部分一般應(yīng)與主句的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。例如：1. She says that I did it, doesnt she?2. I told them not everybody could do it, didnt I?B) 特殊主從復(fù)合句：1 Im sure youd rather she went to school by bus,_? A. hadnt you B. wouldnt youC. arent I D. didnt she2 I dont suppose anyone will volunteer_? (上海2001)A do I B will theyC dont I D wont they【解析】 1. B2. B。當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是I，而句子又用來征詢對(duì)方的意見時(shí)，附加疑問句中的主語用you。如： 1) I find English very interesting, dont you?2) I dont like that film, do you?但當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是I，謂語是think, believe, suppose, expect這類動(dòng)詞時(shí)，附加疑問部分則往往與從句中的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，但要注意否定的轉(zhuǎn)移的特殊情況。I suppose that hes serious, isnt he?I dont think she cares, does she?熱點(diǎn)四、 動(dòng)詞、形容詞含有否定前綴時(shí)的附加問句。1. The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him,_? A. did they B. didnt theyC. did it D. didnt it 【解析】 D。一般來講，陳述部分帶有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí)，附加疑問部分的動(dòng)詞用肯定形式。例如：Bob rarely got drunk, did he?Few people know him, do they?She seldom goes to the cinema, does she?但是，如果陳述部分的否定詞帶有否定前綴，那么該陳述部分看作肯定句，附加疑問部分一般仍用否定形式。例如：He was unsuccessful, wasnt he?Tom dislikes the book, doesnt he?熱點(diǎn)五、 謂語動(dòng)詞為have / had 時(shí)的附加問句。Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday,_ she? A. had B. did C. hadnt D. didnt【解析】 D。此處had 無“有”的含義，故只可以用did 的形式，當(dāng)陳述部分帶有表示“所有”含義的動(dòng)詞have（has）時(shí)，疑問部分既可用have形式，也可用do形式。例如：You have a new bike, havent you（或dont you）?She doesnt have any money in her pocket, does she?熱點(diǎn)六、 must have done / been表推測(cè)時(shí)的附加疑問句。There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture,_?A. didnt they B. dont theyC. mustnt they D. havent they【解析】 D。當(dāng)陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must表示“必須”時(shí)，疑問部分用mustnt。例如：You must work hard next term, mustnt you?I must answer the letter, mustnt I?但若表推測(cè)這層含義時(shí)，不能用must，而要根據(jù)陳述部分的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)（即must之后的動(dòng)詞）以及含義采用相應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞形式。具體說來，如果沒有時(shí)間狀語或for a long time之類狀語時(shí)，就看成完成時(shí)；如果有明顯的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語如：last night/yesterday等，就看成一般過去式。例如：You must have made a mistake, havent you?They must have seen the film last week, didnt they?He must be in the library, isnt he?鞏固練習(xí)：1. I dont think that the necklace is made of diamond,_? A. do I B. do you C. isnt it D. is it2. His wife had the carpets and the curtains cleaned,_? A. hadnt she B. had she C. didnt she D. did she3. Its my sons wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that,_? A. havent I B. dont I C. dont he D. isnt it4. Harry wouldnt become a teacher if it hadnt been for the holiday,_? A. would he B. had it C. would it D. had he5. No one left here yesterday,_? A. didnt they B. did they C. didnt one D. did one6. Birds rarely build nests in our garden, _? A. dont they B. do they C. didnt they D. did they7. You must have been to the Great Wall, _? A. mustnt you B. havent you C. arent you D. must you8. Learning how to repair motors takes a long time,_? A. doesnt it B. dont they C. does it D. do they9. They must have stayed at home last night, _? A. mustnt they B. havent they C. didnt they D. must they10. I feel like going to the cinema tonight, _?A. dont