大學(xué)英語(yǔ)一題庫(kù)閱讀理解_試卷_答案.doc

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)一閱讀理解一、閱讀理解 （共505題,共101分）1. Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubledto $1. 01 per packsmokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit. This is not a surprise to public health advocates. Theyve studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every tax increase. The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve public health, health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely. In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost 10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday. Charleston, S, C., where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation. The price was $4. 78. The influence is obvious. In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys13.8%, far below the national average. By comparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky, Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records. Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans “who choose to smoke.” Thats true, But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place, As for todays adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better. （1分） (1) The text is mainly about_. （0.2分）A.the price of cigarettesB.the rate of teen smokingC.the effect of tobacco tax increaseD.the differences in tobacco tax rate.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C (2) What does the author think is a surprise? （0.2分）A.Teen smokers are price sensitive.B.Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.C.Tobacco taxes improve public health.D.Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B (3) The underlined word deter” in Paragraph 3 most probably means . （0.2分）A.discarding B.remove C.benefit D.free .標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A (4) Rogers attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of . （0.2分）A.tolerance B.unconcern C.doubt D.sympathy .標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D (5) What can we learn from the last paragraph? （0.2分）A.The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.B.Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.C.Future generations will be hooked on smoking.D.Adults will depend more on their families.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A2. Last August, Joe and Mary Mahoney began looking at colleges for their 17-year-old daughter, Maureen. With a checklist of criteria in hand, the Dallas family looked around the country visiting half a dozen schools. They sought a university that offered the teenagers intended major, one located neat a large city, and a campus where their daughter would be safe. “The safety issue is a big one,” says Joe Mahoney, who quickly discovered he wasnt alone in his worries. On campus tours other parents voiced similar concerns, and the same question was always asked : what about crime? But when college officials always gave the same answer “Thats not a problem here,” Mahoney began to feel uneasy.“No crime whatsoever?” comments Mahoney today. “I just dont buy it. ” Nor should he: in 1999 the U. S. Department of education had reent-count: 2.0; mports of nearly 400,000 serious crimes on or around our campuses. “Parents need to understand that times have changed since they went to college,” says David Nichols, author of Creating a Safe Campus. “Campus crime mirrors the rest of the nation.”But getting accurate information isnt easy. Colleges must report crime statistics(統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字) by law, but some hold back for fear of bad publicity, leaving the honest ones looking dangerous. “The truth may not always be serious,” warms S. Daniel Carter of Security on Campus, Inc. , the nations leading campus safety watchdog group.To help concerned parents, Carter promised to visit campuses and talk to experts around the country to find out major crime issues and effective solutions. （1分） (1) The Mahoneys visited quite a few colleges last August _ （0.2分）A.to express the opinions of many parentsB.to choose a right one four their daughterC.to check the cost of college educationD.to find a tight one near a large city.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B (2) It is often difficult to get correct information on campus crime because some colleges _ （0.2分）A.receive too many visitorsB.mirror the rest of the nationC.hide the truth of campus crimeD.have too many watchdog groups.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C (3) The underlined word “buy” in the third paragraph means _ （0.2分）A.mind B.admit C.believe D.expect .標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C (4) We learn from the text that “the honest ones” in the fourth paragraph most probably refers to colleges _. （0.2分）A.that are protected by campus securityB.that report campus crimes by lawC.that are free from campus crimeD.that enjoy very good publicity.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B (5) What is the text mainly about? （0.2分）A.Exact campus crime statisticsB.Crimes on or around campusesC.Effective solutions to campus crimeD.Concerns about kidscampus safety.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D3. Superman, Spider-Man, Batman and Iron Man . .There is no shortage of superheroes. You find them in comic books, on the TV and the big screen.In a survey of fans by the sci-fi (科幻) and fantasy website, SFX.co.uk, Batman, 70 years old this year, was voted Britains favorite superhero.Unlike many crime-fighting superheroes Batman has no special powers. He cant fly like Superman or shoot a sticky (粘性的) web like Spider-Man.Bruce Wayne is born to a wealthy Gotham City business family. However, when his parents are murdered his life changes completely.Wayne feels anger at their deaths and guilty that he did not prevent them. He travels around the world learning how to fight. Upon returning to Gotham, he creates a disguise (偽裝) to enable him to fight crime without being recognized.A childhood fear of bats leads him to choose to dress as one. His idea is that through the bat persona (角色) he can prove to himself that he has overcome his childhood fears.Wayne is the CEO of the company he inherits (繼承) from his father. He seems to live the lifestyle of a millionaire playboy. But this is a ruse (計(jì)策). He works hard at the image to allow himself the freedom he needs to do his work as a crime fighter. Bruce Wayne, playboy is the disguise; Batman is the real person.Wayne is not a born superhero. Instead, he is a real, complex person, said Dace Golder, editor of the website. He is the most realistic of all the superheroes. I am particularly interested in the emotional process by which a boy becomes a hero. His superhero qualities come from within. （1分） (1) What is the article mainly about? （0.2分）A.How Bruce Wayne develops into a superhero.B.How to overcome childhood fears.C.What makes a superhero.D.Why superheroes enjoy great popularity in Britain.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A (2) Batman differs from other superheroes in that . （0.2分）A.he was not a born superheroB.he had an unhappy childhoodC.he doesnt have any special powersD.he does his best to fight crime.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C (3) Bruce Wayne decides to dress like a bat because of . （0.2分）A.his curiosity about batsB.his childhood fear of batsC.his parents sudden deathD.his unusual travel experiences.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B (4) Why does Wayne live like a playboy? （0.2分）A.He prefers the lifestyle of a playboy.B.He doesnt know how to run a company.C.He loves freedom more than anything else.D.He needs to disguise his crime fighting activities.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D (5) Which of the following statements is true about Batman? （0.2分）A.Batman is a born superheroB.He has special powersC.The turning point of his life is due to his parents sudden deathD.He actually lives the lifestyle of a millionaire playboy.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C4. History is full of cases where dreams have been a pathway to creativity and discovery. A striking example is provided by Dr. Otto Loewi, a pharmacologist (藥理學(xué)家) and winner of a Nobel Prize. Loewi had spent years studying the chemical transmission (傳送) of nerve impulses (脈搏). A major breakthrough in his research came when he dreamed of an experiment three nights in a row. The first two nights he woke up and wrote down the experiment quickly and untidily on paper. But the next morning, he couldnt tell what the notes meant. On the third night, he got up after having the dream. This time, instead of making notes he went straight to his laboratory and performed the important experiment. Loewi later said that if the experiment had occurred to him while awake he would not have given it another thought. Loewis experiment gives some insight into using dreams to produce creative solutions. Nervous feelings are reduced during dreaming, which may be especially useful in solving problems that require a fresh point of view. Being able to take advantage of dreams for solving is improved if you set yourself before retiring. Before you go to bed, try to think intently about a problem you wish to solve. Bury yourself in the problem by stating it clearly and reviewing all relevant information. Then use the suggestions listed in the previous section to catch your dreams. Although this method is not guaranteed to produce an original solution or a new insight, it is certain to be an adventure. About half of a group of college students using the method for a week recalled a dream that helped them solve a personal problem. （1分） (1) Through Loewis experiment, the author tries to prove that . （0.2分）A.very little is really known about the meaning of dreamsB.it is possible to catch ones dreams by planning before going to sleepC.dreams can be useful in producing creative solutions to ones problemsD.it helped in the study of transmission of nerve impulses.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C (2) The first paragraph is mainly organized by . （0.2分）A.classifying types of experimentsB.summarizing the work of one researcherC.comparing and exploring historical casesD.telling in time order about one mans research.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D (3) If Loewi had thought of the experiment while awake, he would have . （0.2分）A.asked someone else to do itB.thought it was a bad ideaC.tried it out on his ownD.thought it was a wise idea.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B (4) The author probably thinks that . （0.2分）A.Loewi should not have conducted his experimentB.dreaming is of very little value to most peopleC.nervous feelings may stop someone thinking of useful ideasD.college students should not try out dream experiments.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C (5) According to the passage, the author seems to be in favor of . （0.2分）A.seeking creative solutionsB.avoiding scientific experimentsC.nervous feelings before dreamsD.becoming a famous scientist.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A5. Federal regulators Wednesday approved a plan to create a nationwide emergency alert (警報(bào)) system using text messages delivered to cell phones.Text messages have exploded in popularity in recent years,particularly among young people.The wireless industrys trade association,CTIA,estimates (估計(jì)) more than 48 billion text messages are sent each month.The plan comes from the Warning Alert and Response Network Act,a 2006 federal law that requires improvement to the nations emergency alert system.The act tasked the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with coming up with new ways to alert the public about emergencies.“The ability to deliver accurate and timely warnings and alerts through cell phones and other mobile services is an important next step in our efforts to help ensure that the American public has the information they need to take action to protect themselves and their families before,and during,disasters and other emergencies,” FCC Chairman Kevin Martin said following approval of the plan.Participation in the alert system by carrierstelecommunications companiesis voluntary,but it has received solid support from the wireless industry.The program would be optional for cell phone users.They also may not be charged for receiving alerts.There would be three different types of messages,according to the rules.The first would be a national alert from the president,likely involving a terrorist attack or natural disaster.The second would involve “approaching threats”,which could include natural disasters like hurricanes or storms or even university shootings.The third would be reserved for child abduction (綁架) emergencies,or so-called Amber Alerts.The service could be in place by 2010. （1分） (1) What is the purpose of the approved plan? （0.2分）A.To warn people of emergencies via messages.B.To popularize the use of cell phones.C.To estimate the monthly number of messages.D.To promote the wireless industry.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A (2) The improvement to the present system is in the charge of . （0.2分）A.CTIAB.the Warning Alert and Response NetworkC.FCCD.federal regulators.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C (3) The carriers participation in the system is determined by . （0.2分）A.the US federal governmentB.mobile phone usersC.the carriers themselvesD.the law of the United States.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C (4) Which of the following is true of cell phone users? （0.2分）A.They must accept the alert service.B.They may enjoy the alert service for free.C.They must send the alerts to others.D.They may choose the types of messages.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B (5) An alert message will NOT be sent if . （0.2分）A.a child loses his wayB.a university shooting happensC.a natural disaster happensD.a terrorist attack occurs.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A6. Negative （消極的）self talk and negative energy can affect you m many ways and cause you additional stressBecause of this，developing more Positive self talks an important way to reduce stress in your lifeYou can help yourself maintain a positive frame of mind 一which will help with positive self talk一by surrounding yourself with positive energy in your lifeYou can get that by adding some elements to your life Listening to music that not only has a soothing melody，but an uplifting message，can be great for developing positive self talkHave you ever had a song “stuck in your head” for a few hours or days，the lyrics repeating themselves in your mind? If those lyrics were positive and inspirational，that would be a good thing. Its a much better mental soundtrack to have than a running stream of complaints，criticisms of self-limiting thoughts，or even songs that had more depressing or sad lyrics. Books on strength, personal power, enlightenment, or self help can be good resources to help you change your outlook and the things you say to yourself. Rather than bringing habitual self-defeating thoughts，you can find yourself thinking of new can-do concepts when times get tough One of the most important ways you can get and keep positive energy in your life is with the company you keepDo your friends uplift you，or bring you down? Are they critical，or complementary? Ideal friendships provide support when youre down, fun when youre up，wisdom when youre lost，and positive regard. Good friends can inspire you to reach greater heights，and see your strengths even when you dont always. Pay attention to how your friends make you feel，and if theyre less than supportive，start putting your energy and time toward people who are better suited to be your friend. In addition，positive affirmations （肯定） can certainly change your self talk from negative to positiveNow，why not begin working positive affirmations into your life in some creative ways? （1分） (1) What does the passage mainly talk about? （0.2分）A.Reducing stress by surrounding yourself with positive energy.B.Adding some elements to your life.C.Getting positive energy from the company you keep.D.Changing your self talk with positive affirmation.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A (2) How many ways does the author suggest to maintain a positive frame of mind? （0.2分）A.3 B.4 C.5 D.6 .標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B (3) If you have something “stuck in your head”. you probably _. （0.2分）A.keep singing the same song for a long timeB.keep thinking of this thing all the timeC.regard the lyrics of a song as positiveD.are developing positive self-talk.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B (4) According to the passage，your best company should be those who _. （0.2分）A.uplift you or bring you downB.provide fun when youre downC.encourage you to do things even betterD.are less than supportive.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C (5) What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph? （0.2分）A.How negative self talk influences a personB.How positive self talk reduces stress in ones lifeC.Some great ways of making great friendsD.Some creative ways of practicing affirmation.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D7. Since weeks ago，China has been involved a worldwide A/H 1 N 1 flu that has already killed more than 80 people in the middle of May，2009，in Mexico and has turned into a global pandemic. The central government has asked people entering China from the virus-hit countries to report flu-like symptoms(癥狀)to the authorities. In an emergency notice issued on Saturday night，the countrys top quality watchdog ordered the Customs to check passengers temperature，too. A Beijing airport official Li said Customs officers are on a high alert(警戒)level.“Three temperature detectors are now in operation. We re ready with protection garments and equipment，too. Passengers flying in from Mexico and other A/H1N1 flu-hit countries