新概念第二冊(cè)-Lesson-25.doc

新概念二Lesson25課堂內(nèi)容Do the English Speak English?I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter. I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well. The porter, however, could not understand me. I repeated my question several times and at last he understood. He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly. I am a foreigner, I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that! The porter and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understood it. Youll soon learn English! he said. I wonder. In England, each person speaks a different language. The English understand each other, but I dont understand them! Do they speak English?Part 1 Basic words and expressions1. arrive (v) 到達(dá)arrive in 后接大地點(diǎn)arrive at 后接小地點(diǎn)表示到達(dá)的詞還有 reach(及物動(dòng)詞，直接加地點(diǎn))，get to；例：He arrived in Shanghai last Sunday. My brother arrived at the village yesterday. I will reach there in ten minutes. When will you get to school?2. at last 最終；最后 相當(dāng)于finally After some hard work, he passed the exam at last.3. railway n.鐵路【詞義相關(guān)】railroad 鐵路（美）railway/railroad station 火車站The railway station was big, black and dark.A new railway is being built.4. the way to 去某地的路I dont know the way to the nearest station. 5. porter n.搬運(yùn)工Did you remember to tip the porter? 你記得給搬運(yùn)工小費(fèi)了嗎？6. not onlybut also的用法用于連接兩個(gè)表示并列關(guān)系的成分，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)后者，其意為“不僅而且”；其中的also有時(shí)可以省略。如：She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不僅很會(huì)演奏，而且還會(huì)作曲。He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well. 他不僅平時(shí)工作，星期日也工作。使用not only but also 時(shí)須注意的幾點(diǎn)：(1) not only與but also后面所連接的詞的詞性必須對(duì)等：Franklin was considered not only an inventor, but also a statesman. 富蘭克林不僅被看作發(fā)明家，而且被看作政治家。The nurse was not only competent but also kind. 這位護(hù)士不僅能干而且親切和藹。Not only you but also she has to attend the ceremony. 不令你而且她也得參加典禮。(2) not only只能連用，而but also既可連用，也可分開用：Television is not only boring, but it also wastes a lot of time. 電視不僅乏味，而且還浪費(fèi)許多時(shí)間。she was not only compelled to stay at home, but she was also forbidden to see her friends. 她不僅被強(qiáng)迫蹲在家中，而且被禁止去看朋友。(3) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與but also后主語(yǔ)的數(shù)保持一致：Not only you but also Mr. Zhang teaches in this college. 不僅你，張老師也在此學(xué)院教書。除了not onlybut also 之外，可用于就近原則的還有 neithernor/eitheror/there be句型(4) not only放在句首，后接句子時(shí)要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：Not only does television appeal to those who can read but to those who cant. 電視不僅吸引閱讀的人，而且也吸引了不會(huì)閱讀的人。7. as well 也，還，是副詞短語(yǔ)，其義為“也”，相當(dāng)于too，它一般放在句末，有時(shí)和連詞and或but 搭配使用。例如：Why dont you come along as well? 為什么你不也一起來呢？ They all do military training as well. 他們也都進(jìn)行軍事訓(xùn)練。 He undertook other important work as well. 他也從事其它的重要工作。8. however (1) however可以做副詞，含義為“但是，可是，不過”。多插在句中，有時(shí)放在句首或句尾。例如：However，they did not seem to have much effect.不過，他們似乎沒有起太大的作用。He said that it was so; he was mistaken，however.他說事情就是這樣；然而，他錯(cuò)了。(2) however還可以做連詞，含義為“不管如何，多么”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。從句的語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋篽owever + adj./adv.+主語(yǔ)+句子的其他成分。例如：We shall never succeed，however much we try.無論我們多么的努力，都不可能成功。However cold it is，she always goes swimming.無論天多冷，她總是去游泳。9 several （數(shù)量詞） 幾個(gè)【詞義相關(guān)】several quantifier 幾個(gè)severala number of 一些，只能修飾可數(shù)several times 許多次（不能說some times）【詞匯拓展】some 一些, 即可以修飾可數(shù), 又可以修飾不可數(shù)a great number of 大量的some time 一段時(shí)間some time age 一段時(shí)間以前sometime adv. 某時(shí) I will defeat you sometime. (總有一天我將打敗你)sometimes adv. 有時(shí), 偶爾10. neithernorneithernor是個(gè)復(fù)合連詞，表示“既不也不”的意思，是對(duì)所連接的并列成分作全部否定。如果neithernor連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上要與后一個(gè)名詞或代詞保持一致。它的完全肯定形式是：bothandI neither smoke nor drink我既不抽煙也不喝酒。Neither you nor I am a student你不是學(xué)生，我也不是學(xué)生。11. foreigner n. 外國(guó)人【詞義相關(guān)】foreign adj. 外國(guó)的12 wonder v. 感到奇怪 n. 奇跡，奇觀，奇才；驚奇，驚訝 Jane is a wonder. She never fails in her examinations.the seven wonders of the world in ancient times 世界古代七大奇觀 vi.&vt. 感到驚訝，感到詫異，對(duì)事情感奇怪They wondered that there was a modern building in district.wonder at sth.I wonder at the beauty of the old town. vt.&vi.（對(duì)）感到疑惑/懷疑，想要知道wonder +if +從句 是否I wonder if you have any spare time.wonder +特殊疑問詞 +從句I wonder what time it is.I wonder why you are late.I wondered where you were going.Could you tell me how to get to? I wondered how to get there. 問路【詞義相關(guān)】no wonder 難怪wonderful adj. 極好的Part 2 Passage Analysis1、Do the English speak English?English這里均為名詞，第一個(gè)指“英國(guó)人”，前面要加the，表示一個(gè)群體，后面的動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)；第二個(gè)指“英語(yǔ)”，指語(yǔ)言時(shí)前面不加冠詞。The English often talk about the weather.English還可以作形容詞，表示“英格蘭的，英國(guó)的，英國(guó)人的”等。與English相似的單詞有French，Chinese，Japanese等。2、I arrived in London at last.arrive vi. 到達(dá)arrive at 小地點(diǎn)；arrive in 大地點(diǎn)When will you arrive?reach vt. 到達(dá)（后面一定要加賓語(yǔ)）When will you reach(arrive in) Beijing?get to+賓語(yǔ) 到達(dá)When will you get to Beijing?How can I get there?home/there都是副詞，副詞跟動(dòng)詞連用的時(shí)候不需要加介詞，arrive也一樣；但一般不用“reach home/there”，如一定要這樣寫則把“home”看作名詞，“there”當(dāng)代詞看, 不作副詞看。get home 到家；get there 到那3、The railway station was big, black and dark.并列的表達(dá)方式中前面都是用逗號(hào)隔開, 最后兩個(gè)用and連接black 顏色(建筑物)The room is black.dark 沒有光線 It is dark.4、I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked a porter.the way to 通往路Can you tell me the way to?I dont know the way to. Can you tell me how to get there?I dont know the way to the school and where is it?I know the way.know sth. well 對(duì)很熟悉I know the boy well.5、I not only spoke English very carefully, but very clearly as well.not only.but.as well= not onlybut also 不但而且I can speak not only Chinese but English as well.Mary not only found her aunt, but stayed with her for two weeks as well.Not only you but also I will go there. 主語(yǔ)并列(一般不這么用)not only喜歡放在動(dòng)詞的前面，一般遇到實(shí)義動(dòng)詞和非實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候, 習(xí)慣放在兩者之間I can not only speak Chinese but English as well. (更習(xí)慣的說法)I not only like my mother but my father as well.as well本身的含義是“也、又、還”。If you go home tomorrow, Ill go as well.He lent me his pen, and his dictionary as well.6、He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly.neithernor 既不，也不Neither the boss nor his secretary is flying to New York.7、My teacher never spoke English like that!like這里是介詞，表示“像，像一樣”Theres no one like you. 沒有人像你一樣。He speaks like a foreigner.To learn English well is to study hard.但在口語(yǔ)中： To learn English well is study hard. (沒to) Part 3 Grammar并列復(fù)合句是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上并列而又獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句構(gòu)成。兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句常由并列連接詞連在一起；但有時(shí)不用連接詞,只在兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句之間用逗號(hào)或分號(hào)。并列連詞的用法1. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞。這類連詞主要有but, yet 等。如：Someone borrowed my pen, but I dont remember who. 有人借了我的鋼筆，但我不記得是誰了。He said he was our friend, yet he wouldnt help us. 他說他是我們的朋友，但卻不肯幫助我們。2. 表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞。這類連詞主要有for, so 等。如：The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor. 這孩子咳得很利害，所以他媽媽帶他去看醫(yī)生。You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors. 你們一定要克服粗心的毛病，因?yàn)榇中某３Ｒ饑?yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。注意：for 表示結(jié)果通常不能放句首，不能單獨(dú)使用用來回答why問題也不能用于not nolybut also句子。例：-Why are you here?-Because I want to have a good dinner. (正)-For I want to have a good dinner. （誤）I like you not only because you are beautiful, but also because you so quite well in English. （正）I like you not only for you are beautiful, but also for you so quite well in English. （誤）3. 表示并列關(guān)系的并列連詞。這類連詞主要有and , or , eitheror , neithernor , not onlybut (also) , bothand , as well as 等。如：He didnt go and she didnt go either. 他沒去，她也沒去。The weather is mild today; it is neither hot nor cold. 今天天氣很溫暖，不冷也不熱。Both New York and London have traffic problems. 紐約和倫敦都存在交通問題。It is important for you as well as for me. 這對(duì)你和對(duì)我都很重要。People who are either under age or over age may not join the army. 年齡不到或者超齡的人都不得參軍。從屬連詞的用法1. 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞(1) 表示“當(dāng)時(shí)候”或“每當(dāng)”的時(shí)間連詞。主要的when, while, as, whenever。如：Dont talk while youre eating. 吃飯時(shí)不要說話。Vegetables are best when they are fresh. 蔬菜新鮮時(shí)最好吃。He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走時(shí)他來了。(2) 表示“在之前(或之后)”的時(shí)間連詞。主要的有before, after。如：Try to finish your work before you leave. 離開前設(shè)法把工作做完。After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass. 喝完茶之后我們將坐在草地上。(3) 表示“自從”或“直到”的時(shí)間連詞。主要的有since, until, till。如：Shes been playing tennis since she was eight. 她從八歲起就打網(wǎng)球了。Hold on until I fetch help. 堅(jiān)持一下，等我找人來幫忙。Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. (諺)不要無事惹事。(4) 表示“一就”的時(shí)間連詞。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no soonerthan, hardlywhen 等。如：Ill let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接她的信就通知你。The moment I have finished Ill give you a call. 我一干完就給你打電話。I came immediately I heard the news. 我一聽到這個(gè)消息，馬上就來了。Once you begin you must continue. 你一旦開始, 便不可停下來。注：此處為北京市特有的中考考點(diǎn)，“主將從現(xiàn)”用法的體現(xiàn)。許多學(xué)生只知“主將從現(xiàn)”四個(gè)字，卻不會(huì)用于句型，一定要將一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來的用法解釋清楚。(5) 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的時(shí)間連詞。主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(隨時(shí))，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。如：Ill tell him about it (the) next time I see him. 我下一次見到他時(shí)，我就把這個(gè)情況告訴他。We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands. 每當(dāng)我們洗手的時(shí)候，我們都要損失一些皮膚細(xì)胞。You can call me any time you want to. 你隨時(shí)都可以給我打電話。注意：every time, each time, any time 前不用冠詞，(the) next time, (the) last time 中的冠詞可以省略，而the first time 中的冠詞通常不能省略。2. 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞。這類連詞主要有if, unless, as so long as, in case 等。如：Do you mind if I open the window? 我開窗你不介意吧?Dont come unless I telephone. 除非我打電話，否則你別來。As long as youre happy，it doesnt matter what you do. 只要你高興，你做什么都沒關(guān)系。In case it rains they will stay at home. 萬一下雨，他們就呆在家里。注意：在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來意義，而不能直接使用將來時(shí)態(tài)。不過，有時(shí)表示條件的if 之后可能用will，但那不是將來時(shí)態(tài), 而是表示意愿或委婉的請(qǐng)求(will 為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)。如：If you will sit down for a few moments, Ill tell the manager youre here. 請(qǐng)稍坐, 我這就通知經(jīng)理說您來了。3. 引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞。主要的有in order that, so that, in case, for fear 等。如：He raised his voice so that everyone could hear. 他提高了嗓音，以便每個(gè)人都能聽見。Take your umbrella (just) in case it rains. 帶上雨傘，以防下雨。She repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand. 她把那些指示慢慢重復(fù)了一遍好讓他聽明白。4. 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞。主要的有so that, sothat, suchthat 等。如：I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat. 我去聽演講去得很早, 所以找個(gè)好座位。I had so many falls that I was black and blue all over. 我摔了許多跤，以致于全身都是青一塊紫一塊的。He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他關(guān)窗子用力很大, 結(jié)果玻璃震破了。5. 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞。主要的有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that) 等。如：He distrusted me because I was new. 他不信任我，因?yàn)槲沂切聛淼?。As you are sorry，Ill forgive you. 既然你悔悟了，我就原諒你。Since weve no money, we cant buy it. 由于我們沒錢，我們無法購(gòu)買它。Seeing that hes ill hes unlikely to come. 因?yàn)樗×耍蟾挪粫?huì)來了。Now that she has apologized, I am content. 既然她已經(jīng)道了歉, 我也就滿意了。6. 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞。主要的有although, though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever 等。如：Although they are twins, they look entirely different. 他們雖是孿生, 但是相貌卻完全不同。I like her even though she can be annoying. 盡管她有時(shí)很惱人, 但我還是喜歡她。You wont move that stone, however strong you are. 不管你力氣多大, 也休想搬動(dòng)那塊石頭。Whatever we have achieved, we owe to your support. 我們?nèi)〉玫囊磺谐删投細(xì)w功于你們的支持。Whoever you are, you cant pass this way. 不管你是誰，你都不能從這里通過。Whenever I see him I speak to him. 每當(dāng)我見到他，我都和他講話。7. 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞。主要的有as, as if, as though, the way 等。如：Why didnt you catch the last bus as I told you to? 你怎么不聽我的話趕乘末班公共汽車呢?He bent the iron bar as if it had been made of rubber. 他將鐵棍折彎，仿佛那是用橡皮做成的。Nobody else loves you the way(=as) I do. 沒有人像我這樣愛你。8. 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞。主要的有where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere 等。如：The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple. 這座教堂蓋在一座羅馬寺廟的舊址。Ill take you anywhere you like. 你想到哪兒我就帶你到哪兒。Everywhere I go，I find the same thing. 不管我走到哪里，我都發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣情況。9. 引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞。主要的有than 和asas。如：She was now happier than she had ever been. 現(xiàn)在她比過去任何時(shí)候都快活。I glanced at my watch. It was earlier than I thought. 我看了看表，時(shí)間比我想象的早。He doesnt work as hard as she does. 他工作不像她那樣努力。10. 引起名詞從句的從屬連詞。主要有that, whether, if 等，它們用于引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。其中that 不僅不充當(dāng)句子成分，而且沒有詞義，在句子中只起連接作用；而if, whether 雖不充當(dāng)句子成分，但有詞義，即表示“是否”。如：He replied that he was going by train. 他回答說他將坐火車去。I wonder if its large enough. 我不知道它是否夠大。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 我為是否傷了她的感情而擔(dān)心。練習(xí)：將下列句子用一個(gè)連詞連接成一句話。1. He finished lunch. He went into the garden._2. I ran into the station. I missed the train._3. He teaches English. He teaches French._4. You must tell him. I must tell him._5. He doesnt speak English. I dont speak English._6. You must wash the dishes. You must sweep the floor._1. He finished lunch and went into the garden.2. I ran into the station but missed the train.3. He teaches both English and French.4. Either you or I must tell him.5. Neither he nor I speak English.6. You must not only wash the dishes but sweep the floor as well.課堂檢測(cè)1. Hurry up, _ well be late for the film. A. and B. but C. so D. or2. _ Monday_ Tuesday is OK, I will be free then. A. Either, or B. Neither, nor C. So, that D. Both, and3. The weather in Britain is_ too cold in winter_ too hot in summer. A. either, or B. either, and C. neither, nor D. or, and4. Do you want to do it now _ would you rather put it later? A. but B. and C. or D. yet5. He brought to _ his aunt _ his father a lot of happiness. A. not only, but also B. either, or C. neither, norD. both, and6. I felt very tired _ I went to bed early. A. and B. or C. so D. but1-6 D A C C D C課后作業(yè)一、單項(xiàng)選擇： 1. At dinner, I asked her if she_ her dinner. A. is enjoying B. was enjoying C. enjoys D. enjoyed2. But she had to_ the company and_ a man in order to get a job. A. lie to, pretended to be B. lie, pretended to be C. lie to, pretended being D. lie, pretended as3. I would appreciate_ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. you calling D. youre calling4. She pretended_ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen5. My brother often say something_. A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. interestingly6. When I_ last night, I_ nobody in my living room. A. am waking up, found B. wake, find C. woke, find D. woke up, found1-6 B A CA B D二、閱讀理解： It is said that one mans misfortune(不幸) is another mans passport to glory(榮譽(yù)). The words were proved during last years Davis Cup tennis final, when Spanish(西班牙的) teenage star Radael Nadal surprisingly beat world No.2 Andy Roddick from the US.The 18-year-olds achievement helped the Spanish team finally win the Davis Cup, on December 5. He also became the youngest winner of the cup in history. “I did play brilliantly today. But I could have played better.”Radael is 1.85 meters tall, left-handed, though he still has a boyish face, the young star shows an energetic power and strong will to succeed on court. His fans love him for his long hair and good looks but especially for his powerful kicks on court after winning his big points. After beating Roddick, he fell on his back and rolled in the dusty red clay in the Sevilles Olympic Stadium. “I have to learn to control my feelings,” he said. “I celebrate too much.” Radael began to play tennis at very young age. Perhaps his first toy was a tennis ball. After all his uncle used to be a professional player and now his coach (教練). “I dont remember when I first started playing. I was three or four and I picked up the ball in my uncles club, ” he said. He won his first local championship at eight, and at the age of 11 he appeared in a Spanish schoolbook as a little star. But success at such a young age didnt go to his head and he continued to train every day. His other uncle Miguel Angel Nadal, provided inspiration with his success in playing professional football for Barcelona and Spain. The Spanish press(報(bào)刊) has described Radael as a star or a pearl, but he doesnt think of himself as a teenage star. “I am only concentrating (集中精力于) on my tennis. Thats the only thing I am interested in,” he said. Besides tennis, he likes English. Although he speaks Spanish during most interviews with the media, he always tries to improve his English! All of the attention has not changed Radaels life. He usually spends hours and hours on the court training. “My only aim is to continue to improve. I am still very young and there are lots of things I can do better,” he said.1. Radael, the winner of the last years Davis Cup tennis final, is from _.A) the U.S. B) Spain C) France D) Germany2. Radael succeeds on court by depending on _. A) his young ageB) his good looks C) his fans love D) his energy and strong will3. According to the article Radaels fans love his _ most.A) boyish face B) long hairC) good performance in the play D) special ways of celebrating his success4. Radael won his first local championship _.A) at the age of eleven B) at the age of three or four C) at the age of eighteen D) at the age of eight5. The sentence “I am only concentrating (集中精力于)on my tennis. Thats the only thing I am interested in.” s