國考同等學(xué)力英語95-13年詞匯.doc

同等學(xué)力英語常用詞匯口語常見習(xí)慣用語all at sea，茫然、迷惑、不知所措；all thumbs，笨手笨腳；at ones disposal，聽從吩咐；beat around the busha backseat driver，指手畫腳的人；Im beat，累得筋疲力盡；behind bars，坐牢；a bolt from the blue，晴天霹靂；hes broke，破產(chǎn)；brush up，擦亮，刷新，溫習(xí)功課；burn up at，發(fā)怒；burn the night oil，熬夜；bury(hide)ones head in the sand, 逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)；back sb. up，支持；ones cup of tea，喜愛的事情；dark horse，黑馬；face the music，承擔(dān)后果，受到懲罰，面對危險；go Dutch，各自付費(fèi)；(the)eleventh hour，最后時刻；be fed up with 感到厭煩；few and far between，稀少，罕見；get the picture，了解概略情況；get stuck，困住，難??；offhand，立即，馬上，事先無準(zhǔn)備地；go down the drain，枉費(fèi)心機(jī)，白白浪費(fèi)掉；have ones hands full，手頭工作很忙；have words with sb與爭吵；I give you my word，對某人許下諾言；a piece of cake，極容易的事；slip ones mind忘記pull ones weight齊心合力pull oneself together振作起來，控制自己；a rainy day，急需的時候，困難的日子；red tape，繁雜的手續(xù)；get the sack，解雇； a hard nut to crack難對付的人 turn ones back on sb.不理睬（表示輕蔑、忿怒等）never say die 別氣餒，不要輕言放棄turngive the cold shoulder on，冷淡對待某人；ring a bell 聽起來耳熟take French leave，不辭而別；make believe裝作be lost to sth專心做某事right on the target擊中要害next to nothing 幾乎沒有with a grain of salt 有所保留a blessing in disguise因禍得福be green with envy 羨慕極了a drop in the bucket滄海一粟be in hot water 陷入困境a fair-weather friend不能共同患難的朋友be in the same boat 處境相同a flash in the pan曇花一現(xiàn)be neither fish nor fowl 不倫不類a late bloomer大器晚成be no picnic非輕松之事a nobody無名之輩be of two minds 拿不定主意a white lie沒有惡意的謊言be on cloud nine 高興得飄飄然add fuel to the flame火上澆油be on pins and needles 坐立不安as sly as a fox非常狡猾be on the rocks 陷入困境，完蛋ask for trouble自找麻煩be quick to take offence 特別愛生氣bark up the wrong tree弄錯目標(biāo)be sick at heart 心里非常難受be at loose end心里沒有著落be stuck on someone 迷戀上某人be at ones wits end智窮力竭be too good to be true 好得另人難以相信be completely in the dark蒙在鼓里be behind someones back 在某人背后be cut out for天生適合于blow hot and cold 息怒無常bite off more than one can chew力不從心blow ones own trumpet 自吹自擂call a spade a spade有什么說什么come through with flying colors大獲成功count chicken before they are hatched高興太早give sb. the gate讓某人滾蛋drive sb. to the wall 把某人逼得走投無路give sb. the cold shoulder冷待某人easier said than done 說時容易做時難have a bone to pick with sb.對某人有意見(feel) under the weather 身體不適have a card up ones sleeves 胸有成竹fight the clock爭分奪秒have a change of heart改變心情fish in troubled waters渾水摸魚have butterflies in ones stomach忐忑不安fly into a rage 大發(fā)雷霆have sticky fingers手不老實(shí)have many irons in the fire 同時有很多事要做have words with sb與某人吵架foot the bill付款have money to burn 有花不完的錢gain the upper hand占上風(fēng)have ones heart set on 一心想要get a kick out of doing sth. 從中得到極大樂趣keep an eye open密切注視get ones bearings知道自己的方位keep sb. at arms length與某人保持距離get wind of sth. 得到風(fēng)聲know the ropes精通業(yè)務(wù)give sb. a buzz 給某人掛電話lead sb around by the nose 牽著鼻子走let sb. down使某人失望not breathe a word不吐露一個字let the cat out of the bag 泄密not have the heart to do sth.不忍心去做live from hand to mouth勉強(qiáng)糊口on the tip of sbs tongue 就在嘴邊上look high and low到處都找遍ones brain child某人的主意lose ones temper發(fā)脾氣parade ones knowledge 賣弄學(xué)問make do with湊合pave the way for為鋪平道路make neither head nor tail about摸不著頭腦play fast and loose with敷衍了事make someones blood boil使某人大為惱火play it cool不露聲色mind ones own affairs少管閑事put in a good word for為說好話poke ones nose into sth.亂打聽別人的私事put ones foot in ones mouth說話走嘴safe and sound安然無恙地take sth to heart往心里去see eye to eye with與意見一致thank ones lucky stars感到萬幸sell like hot cakes賣得很快sing the blues 心情低落the apple of someones eye某人的掌上明珠skate on thin ice如履薄冰the black sheep of the family 有辱門楣的人in the red虧損、負(fù)債the early bird catches the worm 捷足先登throw in the towel認(rèn)輸smell a rat察覺可疑sound someone out 試探某人的意見tighten ones belt勒緊褲帶to ones hearts content心滿意足、盡情地stand on ones feet自食其力take it easy輕松地對待某事start from scratch從零開始try ones hand at試著干steal the show喧賓奪主turn ones back on someone不理睬某人too many cooks spoil the broth廚師太多燒壞湯turn someones stomach另人作嘔take someone for a ride欺騙某人watch ones step當(dāng)心take someone under ones wing庇護(hù)某人a needle in a haystack 大海撈針keep the pot boiling使工作生動活潑地進(jìn)行下去on ones high horse趾高氣揚(yáng)、盛氣凌人the spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak心有余而力不足you cant eat the cake and have it兩者不可兼得next to nothing幾乎沒有第二部分 詞匯詞匯記憶方法：一、合成詞記動詞、聯(lián)想詞組、反義gunpowder, headmaster, headquarter, waterproof, overall, overhead, offspring onlooker/look on, outlet/inlet, output/input, outstanding/stand out, update /up-to-date, outdated/out of date, outlook, download, overtake, overthrow, overeat, oversleep, underline, undertake, undergo，undermine, underestimate, upright, upset,二、常見詞綴：（一）前綴位置：ex-, e-, extra-, over-，out-, under-; in-, im-, inter-, mid-; pre-, sub-, suf-, sup-, super-, sur-, post-; tele-; trans-; cross-大小多少：uni-, mono-, bi-, tri-, mini-, multi-, kilo-, micro-, macro-; semi-, hemi-; poly-, 否定意義：anti-； de-; di-, dif-, dis-； counter-, anti-, contra-; in-, im-, il-, ir-； mis-, mal-; un-; non-, pseudo-, 聯(lián)想：col-, cor-, com-, con-; re-; vice變動詞: be-, en/em其他：auto-, self-; bio-; by-, step-; ultra-（二）后綴表示人： -er, -ee, -eer, -or, -ar, -ian, -ent, -ant, -ist, -ese, -ess學(xué)科：-ology, -ture, -ics抽象意義-身份，狀態(tài)，性質(zhì) -ity, -ship, -hood (加在名詞后), -ness（加在形容詞后）-th, -ure行為：-ment, -ion, -tion, -ation, -sion, -age, -ance/-ence （加在動詞后）形容詞后綴：-tive, -ous, ful/-less; able/ible, -ent, -ant; -ory, -ary; -like/ish; -ly; -y; -some; -ward動詞后綴: -ize, -fy, -ate, 等例：de-, off, from, down 離開、除去、向下、減少delete, deprive, deceit, design, deposite, descend, decrease, decline, describe, depress, despise, decompose, devalue, defect, deficiency, degrade, deficit, decentralize, destroy, destruction, despair, detect dip, dive, duck, drip, drift, drench, drop, dye, drizzle, drown, damp, dam, Re-: again, back; most productive 回、再repeat, recover, restore, retreat, resist, repay rechargeable battery, recycle, refine, recur, refresh, refund, reinforce, rejoice, relay, resume, reject, sub-：suc, sup, sus, suf, = under 在。下面、次要、低于subway, support, subject, submerge, submit, subordinate, subscribe, subtle, subtract, suburb, succeed, succession, suppress, super-, sur-：beyod，over 超、在。之上superior, , supermarket, superfluous, superficial, supersonic, supervise, surface, surpass, surplus survey, survive, surrender, surrounde-, ex- :out 前、向前、向外emit, emotion, erupt, evident, expect, expand, exclude, exhaust, exhibit, export, expose, express, extend, expert, exit, excess, exceed, excel, exclaim, exile, expense, exploit, explore, explode, explosive, exterior, external, extinct, extinguish, extract,exempt, Pre-, 在前 Pro- 向前:predict, preface, prepare, prejudice, pretext, prevent, preview, presume, previous, prescribe, preheat, prehistoric, preschool, promise, progress, propose, proceed, procedure, procession, proclaim, project, promote, propel, prospect, provoke, trans-, dia-, per-: throughout, across 貫穿、通過、從。到。transport, transplant, transmit, transatlantic, translate, transact, transition, transfer, transform, transparentdiagnose, diagram, dialogue, dialysis, diameter, perspective inter-, 在。間；mid- 中: interact, interior, interfere, intermediate, interpret, interrupt, interval, interview, di-, dif-, dis-；分開，否定disable, disadvantage, disappear, disappoint, disaster, discharge, discount, discourage, discover, disorder,divide, dismiss, dispute, dissolve, 詞綴的變體-拼寫不同但意思相同in-, im-, il-, ir-: 反義impossible, irresponsible, illegal, illiterate, illogical, immoral, impurity, incompletecon-, com, co-, col-, cor-: 一起，共同combat, combine, communicate, compare, compete, companion, compatible, comply, commemorate, compile, collide, collect, colleague, collaborate, concern, connect, contact, contradict, contrast, consistent, consolidate, congress, conspiracy, converge, confine, cooperate,coordinate, correspond, corridor, corrode, corrupt, in-im- 里，內(nèi)immerse, immgrant, imminent, impart, impede, imply, implicit, import, impose, impress, impulse, income, incur, indebted, indicate, induce, infer, inflate, inflict, influence, inform, inherit, inhabit, inhale, inhibit, inject, inlet, inmate, innate, innovation, input, inquire, inscription, insight, insert, inspect, inspire, install, instinct, instruct, intake, intricate, intrinsic, invade, intrude, invalid, investigate, invest, involve,sym-, syn-, sim- : same 相同sympathy, sympathetic, symposium, symphony, symmetry, symmetric, symbolize, symptom, synthesis, synchronize, syndrome, syndicate, synonym, similar, simulate, simultaneous, assimilateen-, em-:進(jìn)入; 加強(qiáng)意義enclose, encage, engulf, enroll, enlist, embed, encourage, entitle, envelop, emphasis, employ, embrace, embody empower, encounter, enforce, enjoy, enlighten, encodead- :ac, acqu-, ap-, at-, af-, ag-, al-ar-, as-, 向，加強(qiáng)意義，accelerate, accomplish, accompany, accentuate, account, accessory,affirm, affix, affluent, afflict, aggressive, aggrieve, aggravate, alleviate, allure, associate, apply, appraisal, appease, approximate, assure, attach, attic, attorney, array, arrogant,三、常見詞根及構(gòu)詞vid, vis, vey, vy = see 看 visible, vision, visibility, invisible, visual, video, videophone, revise, revision, supervise, supervision, evident, evidence, visit, visage, improvident，videocastspect=look 看 spectator, spectacle, spectacular, prospect, inspect, inspection, expect, expectation, respect, respectable, respectful, respective, respected, suspect, suspicion, specific, despisevoc,vok=claim呼喊，叫喊，聲音proclaim, reclaim, exclaim, advocate, provoke, vocal, voice scrib, scrip 寫，記，抄 describe, description, script, manuscript, prescribe, prescriptiondict, dic = say 言，說diction, dictionary, contradict, dictate, dictation, dictator, predict, prediction, predictable, indicate, verdicttract = draw 拉，抽，引tractor, attract, attraction, attractive, distract, subtract, contract, abstract, drag, draw, straight, straighten, stretch, strain, string, stripe, strap,port = carry 拿，帶，運(yùn) portable, import, export, transport, report, supportpos = put 放置pose, position, expose, exposure, compose, composition, propose, proposal, oppose, opposition, impose, dispose, disposal, prepositionced, ceed, cess , gress = go, walk 行走 precede, proceed, procedure, process, exceed, excess, excessive, succeed, success, successful, succession, successive, successor, access, accessible, progress, congress, regress, aggressivesec, sequ = follow 跟隨 second, secondary, sequence, subsequent, consequence, consequentlymob, mov, mot = move動 mobile, mobility, mobilize, automobile, motion, motive, motivate, motivation, motor, move, promote, promotion, emote, remoteag=act 行動，做action, exactly, react, interact, transact, radioactive, agent, agenda, agency, fac(t)=make做，作，制造facility, factory, faculty, affect, defect, infect, perfect, efficient, fiction, artificial, proficiency, feasiblerupt=break破 bankrupt, interrupt, corrupt, disrupt, eruptmini, min = small, little 小 miniskirt, minimize, minimum, minus, minute, minority, diminishmiss, mit = send 投，送，發(fā) mission, missile, dismiss, dismissal, transmit, transmission, emit, emission, promise, compromise, committee, commissionleg, legis 法 legal, legalize, illegal, legislate, legislation, legislaturepress 壓 impress, impression, express, suppress, depressviv, vit=live活live, living, lively, survive, livelihood, alive, revive, vivid, vital, vitamincount=numberaccount, accountant, discount, number, numeral, numerous, innumerablesign=mark記號，信號remark, signal, signature, design, designate, significance, resigndu, doub, coup=two二dual, double, doubtful, couple, dubious, duplicate, dualpopul, publ=people人popular, public, publicity, republic, publish, republican, population, men, min=mind心靈，精神mind, remind, mention, mental, comment, memory, memorial, remember, commemoratestruct=build建造construct, instruct, obstruct, destruction, destroyfund, found=base基礎(chǔ)basement, basis, foundation, profound, fund, refund, fundamental part=divide分，分開dividend, individual, particle, participate, particular, partner, apart, counterpart, depart, impartial, department, party, apartment, compartmentpend, pens-hang懸掛dependent, independence, append, appendix, suspend, pensionduc(t)=lead引導(dǎo)conduct, deduct, misconduct, educate, induce, introduce, produce, reduce, ven,vent=come來venture, adventure, avenue, convention, invent, eventually, prevent, intervenesect=cut切，割section, segment, intersection, sectorvail, val=worth價值 worth, worthy, worthwhile, available, prevail, value, valid, validity, valve, evaluate, equivalentpel, peal, puls=drive驅(qū)動：appeal, compel, compulsion, compulsory, propel, pulse, impulsetact, tang, tag=touch接觸 contact, intact未接觸的tangible可觸摸到的, intangible四、有意義的字母組合：st-不動，立：stand, stop, stay, state, station, stable, steady, establish, instance, standard, statistics, statue, stereo, stare, static, stationary, stereotype, still, destination, destine, destiny, stone, stubborn, rest, install, staunch, constant, steel, stiff, obstacle, stale, stall, stain, stick, start, stun, startle, astonish, stupid, stuffy (40)sti-刺，尖：stick, sticky, stimulate, stitch, instinct, sting, stir, (大綱全部)fl-流動：flow, float, flu, flood, influence, fluctuate, fluid, flush, fluent, fleet, flute, fluxtw-二：two, between, twilight, twelve, twin, twice, twenty, twinkle wr, tw-扭曲，卷繞：wrap, wreck, wreath, wrestle, wrench, wrinkle, wrist, wrong, wretched五、易混詞記憶法：latitude、longitude和altitude；principle和principal；complement和compliment；intestine和diabetes六、歸類記憶法：道路：bypass，sidewalk，pavement，path，trail，lane，passage，route，aisle，overpass， free way，flyover，underpass，zebra crossing七、同義記憶大：large, big, great, enormous, huge, tremendous, gigantic, massive, immense, grand, titanic, gross?。簊mall, little, tiny, minute, petite, microscopic, subtle 減（數(shù)量、程度）：decrease, diminish, decline, lessen, reduce, cut down on客觀的：objective, impartial, impersonal, unbiased, disinterested錯誤：disadvantage, defect, short-coming, drawback, fault, mistake, deficiency, weakness, slip, blunder八、反義記憶establish-abolish, destroyabsurd-sensibleadvance-retreatattach-detachincrease-decreaseclarify-confusecontract-expandcrazy-rationalattack-defendgloomy-delightfulinclude-excludepropose-opposelasting-temporaryguilty-innocentprevious-subsequentnatural-artificialancient-moderntragedy-comedycomplicate-simplifyconcentrate-distractdynamic-static九、詞組記憶方法1. 1）combat, combine, communicate, compare, compete, comply, collide, concern, connect, contact, contradict, contrast, consistent, cooperate, correspond2）supply, furnish, provide, equip3）satisfied, pleased, delighted, angry, furious, annoyed, bored, disgusted, patient, friendly, frank, generous, popular4）take, hand , turn, run, get, go, look, come, win, think, preside, prevail, rule, reign have control /advantage/authority/influence, superiority, priority speak over TV, hear over the air, broadcast over the radio, shout over the loudspeaker2. 1). keep, go, get, carry, wait, look, hold, hang, pass, insist, put, switch, turn, 2). remark, comment, touch, dwell, 3). depend, rely, count, calculate, reckon, fall back on, live, 4). try, put, pull, have3. 1). eat, build, tear, use, burn, blow, break, give, 2). hang, grow, cover, line, stand, add, bring, dress, warm, set, wrap, pick, put, take, clear, hold stay, sit, wait, speed, stepquicken4. 1). call, cut, ring, switch, put, turn, 2). put, give, keep, lay, see, shake, show, set, wear, take5. 1). break, get, look, go, 2). run, bump, crash, drive, 3). change, turn, transform, convert, talk, argue, frighten, reason, cheat, trick, threaten,6. 1). hand, give;2). knock, pass;3). run burn, tire, wear;4). stick, carry 5). put, go, die, wipe;6). check, drop, cross, leave, stay, stand, look, watch, bring, get, break, work, make, figure, turn7. check, break, step, cut, sit, take; pull, draw; call, drop, look; give, hand, send, turn, fall in with十、搭配歸類記憶rob sb. of sth. deprive, strip, cure, relieve, inform, advise, notify, warn, assure, convince, remind 2. praise sb. for pliment, criticize, punish, scold, condemn, excuse, forgive, pardon, 3. tellfrom/betweendistinguish, discriminate, know, differ4. inquire sth. of sb. expect, demand, ask5. prevent sb. from doing sth. stop, keep, save, discourage, excuse, restrain, prohibit, inhibit, ban, 6. regard sb asacknowledge, describe, look down upon, imagine, recognize, refer to, think of, treat, view, accept, impress, strike7. rise, increaseconfidence, trustkey/solution/answer entrance/entry fall, decreasebelieve, faithreply/responseaccess/admission十一、搭配上易混淆的動詞1accuseofaccuseofreplace A with Bspendon chargewithblameforsubstitute B with Ainvestin十二、詞形詞義相近的詞和詞組considerable /consideratehonorable /honoraryconfident/confidentialhistorical /historicsuccessful/successivefavorite/ favorable/ favored歷年真題1995年16. He was _enough to understand my questions from the gestures I made.A. intelligent B. efficient C. proficient D. diligent17. Does it _to let little children play with fire works?A. make clear B. make sure C. make out D. make sense18. All parts of this sewing machine are _so that it is very simple to get replacements for them.A. mechanized B. minimized C. modernized D. standardized19