定語從句中的that和which的區(qū)別

定語從句 which 與 that 之區(qū)別 首先 that 和 which 在從句里都可以做賓語和主語 做賓語時可以省略 在定語從句中 有種說法 叫 關(guān)賓省 意思是關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語可以省略 不管是 that which 還是 whom 但是 which 能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句 that 則不行 其次 記得以下只能用 that 的幾種情況 1 當(dāng)先行詞為 all much little none 及由 any every some no 所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時 如 We should do all that is useful to the people 我們應(yīng)該做一切有益于人民的事情 Please tell me anything that you know about the matter 有關(guān)此事 凡是你所知道的請告訴我 2 當(dāng)先行詞被 any few little no all much some 等詞修飾時 如 You can take any seat that is free 任何空著的座位你都可以坐 There is little work that is fit for you 幾乎沒有適合你的工作 3 當(dāng)先行詞為序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時 如 When people talk about the cities of China the first that comes to my mind is Beijing 人們談 論起中國的城市的時候 我首先 想到的是北京 This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term 這是我們校本學(xué)期放映的第四 部電影 4 當(dāng)先行詞為形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時 如 The best that I could do was to apologize 我唯一能做的就是賠禮道歉了 This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read 這是我讀過的一本最有趣的故事書 5 當(dāng)先行詞被 the very the only the last the just the same 等修飾時 如 This is the very book that I m looking for 這正是我在找的書 The only thing that we could do was to wait 我們唯一能做的事就是等待 注意 先行詞被 the same 修飾時 關(guān)系代詞也可用 as 如 I need the same book that as you have 我需要有你一樣的書 6 當(dāng)先行詞既包含人又包含物時 如 They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them 他們正在談?wù)撍麄兏信d 趣的女英雄及她們的事跡 7 當(dāng)先行詞是疑問代詞 who which what 或主句以這些詞開頭時 如 Who that has ever worked together with him doesn t admire him 曾經(jīng)和他一起工作過的誰 不欽佩他 Which is the star that is nearer to the earth 哪個是離地球比較近的星星 8 當(dāng)先行詞為主句表語或關(guān)系代詞為從句表語時 如 That s a good book that will help you a lot 那是本對你很有幫助的書 Our school is no longer the place that it used to be 我們的學(xué)?，F(xiàn)在已不是過去的那個樣子了 9 先行詞為 time 時 當(dāng) time 表示次數(shù) 引導(dǎo)詞用 that 可省略 當(dāng)表示時間 可用 that 或 when 引導(dǎo) 都可省略 如 I do remember the first time that I had ever heard the sweetest voice in the world 我很清楚 地記得當(dāng)我第一次聽到世界上最美的聲音的時候 I did t remember the exact time when that I arrived in Shanghai last month 我不記得上個月 到達(dá)上海的確切時間了 最后 請注意以下幾種只能使用 which 的情況 1 在 介詞 關(guān)系代詞 結(jié)構(gòu)中 關(guān)系代詞必須用 which 如 The house in which we live is very large 我們住的房子非常大 This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking 這就是老師正在談及的那本參考書 注意 如果介詞不放在修飾事物的限定性定語從句的句首 which 就可換為 that 例如 This is the question which that we ve had so much discussion about This is the question about which we ve had so much discussion 這就是我們已經(jīng)多次討論過的問題 2 先行詞為 those 表事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞 時 關(guān)系代詞通常只用 which 而不用 that 如 you should grasp well those skills which may be used in the future work 最后 記得這個特殊情況吧 當(dāng)先行詞是表示原因或方式的名詞時 可以用 that 引導(dǎo)定語從句 相 當(dāng)于介詞 which that 可以省略 如 She likes the child for the very reason that for which she loves his father 她喜歡那個孩 子因為她愛著孩子的父親 He didn t like the way that in which she speaks to his mother 他不喜歡她對他的母親那樣說話 Imagine the speed that at which he drives the car 很難想象 他開車開得那么快 The reason that for which why he came here was to ask for our help 他來這里的原因是尋求我 們的幫助 專項訓(xùn)練 一 用 that 或 which 或 that which 填空 1 This is all I know about the accident 2 He is the only man I can find for the work 3 You must watch everything carefully the teacher does in class 4 Is the house he wanted to sell very big 5 This is one of the most exciting football games I have ever seen 6 The last place we visited in the countryside was a farm 7 I saw a desk on there was a book 8 The first English novel I read was Gone With Wind 9 When he came back from abroad John told his parents about the cities and the people he had visited 10 Mike missed the bus started at 6 00 am 11 Who is the man is speaking there 12 This is the very book I want to borrow 二 單項選擇 1 Is there any question troubles you much A which B that C who D what 2 The last place we visited was the Great Wall A which B that C where D it 3 He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school A which B that C it D whom 4 This is one of the best books A that have ever been written B that has ever been written C that has written D that have written 5 He wrote a letter to me to tell me everything he saw on the way to the Paris A what B that C which D where 6 Who s the lady you just shook hands with A what B that C which D who 7 I m one of the boys never late for scho