小學(xué)生必須掌握的常用英語單詞 2.doc

小學(xué)生必須掌握的常用英語單詞1、 基數(shù)詞1-10: one two three four five six seven eight nine ten11-19: eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen nineteen 20-29: twenty 21twenty-one以此類推 30-39: thirty 31thirty-one以此類推 40-49: forty 41forty-one以此類推 50-59: fifty 51fifty-one以此類推 60-69: sixty 61sixty-one以此類推 70-79: seventy 71seventy-one以此類推 80-89: eighty 81eighty-one以此類推 90-99: ninety 91ninety-one以此類推100: one hundred 1000: One thousand 10000: ten thousand 百萬: one million 二、序數(shù)詞第1 -10：first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth 第11-19 ：eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth nineteenth 第20-29：twentieth twenty-first twenty-second twenty-third twenty-fourth twenty-fifth twenty-sixth twenty-seventh twenty-eighth twenty-ninth Thirty Forty Fifty Sixty Seventy Eighty Ninety第100 one hundredth 第1000 one thousandth 第1001 one thousandth and one 三、1-12個(gè)月 January 一月 February 二月 March 三月 April 四月 May 五月 June 六月 July 七月 August八月 September 九月 October 十月 November 十一月 December 十二月四、四個(gè)季節(jié) spring 春季 summer 夏季 autumn/fall 秋季winter 冬季5、 周一-周日星期一Monday 星期二Tuesday 星期三 Wednesday 星期四 Thursday 星期五Friday 星期六 Saturday 星期天Sunday六、家庭成員稱謂父親：father 母親：mother 哥哥：brother 姐姐：sister, 祖父：grandfather 祖母：grandmother叔叔：uncle 阿姨：aunt, 堂哥/姐：brother/sister-in-law 侄子：nephew 丈夫：husband妻子：wife 女兒：daughter 兒子：son 7、 體育運(yùn)動 體操gymnastics 游泳swimming 擊劍fencing 舉重weightlifting 棒球baseball 籃球 basketball排球 volleyball 乒乓球table tennis 足球 soccer /football 跳水 diving 水球water polo 壘球 softball 網(wǎng)球tennis賽艇canoe 沖浪surfing自行車 cycling 羽毛球badminton 田徑 track and field 手球 handball 摔交wrestling 拳擊 boxing 射箭 toxophily 射擊 shooting 柔道 judo 騎馬 equestrian 曲棍球 hockey 橄欖球rugby 8、 學(xué)習(xí)用品pen鋼筆 pencil鉛筆 pencil-case鉛筆盒 ruler尺子 book書 bag包 comic book漫畫書 post card明信片 newspaper報(bào)紙 schoolbag書包 eraser橡皮 crayon蠟筆sharpener卷筆刀story-book故事書 notebook筆記本Chinese book語文書English book英語書math book數(shù)學(xué)書 magazine雜志dictionary詞典9、 人體：foot腳head頭face臉hair頭發(fā)nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿tail尾巴10、 顏色red紅blue藍(lán)yellow黃green綠white白black黑pink粉紅purple紫orange橙brown棕11、 動物：cat貓dog狗pig豬duck鴨rabbit兔horse馬elephant大象ant螞蟻fish魚bird鳥eagle鷹beaver海貍snake蛇mouse老鼠squirrel松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴panda熊貓bear熊lion獅子tiger 老虎12、 職業(yè)：teacher教師student學(xué)生doctor醫(yī)生nurse護(hù)士driver司機(jī)farmer農(nóng)民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演員actress女演員artist畫家TV reporter電視臺記者engineer工程師accountant會計(jì)policeman(男)警察salesperson銷售員cleaner清潔工baseball player棒球運(yùn)動員assistant售貨員police警察13、 食品、飲料：rice米飯bread面包beef牛肉milk牛奶water水egg蛋fish魚tofu豆腐cake蛋糕hot dog熱狗hamburger漢堡包French fries炸薯?xiàng)lcookie曲奇 biscuit餅干jam果醬noodles面條meat肉chicken雞肉pork豬肉mutton羊肉vegetable蔬菜salad沙拉soup湯ice冰ice-cream冰淇淋Coke可樂juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡breakfast早餐lunch午餐dinner/supper晚餐meal一餐14、 水果、蔬菜：apple蘋果banana香蕉pear梨orange橙watermelon西瓜grape葡萄eggplant茄子green beans青豆tomato西紅柿potato土豆peach桃 strawberry草莓cucumber黃瓜onion洋蔥carrot胡蘿卜cabbage卷心菜15、 衣服：jacket夾克衫shirt襯衫T-shirt丅恤衫skirt短裙子dress連衣裙jeans牛仔褲pants長褲socks襪子shoes鞋子sweater毛衣coat上衣raincoat雨衣shorts短褲sneakers網(wǎng)球鞋slippers拖鞋sandals涼鞋 boots靴子hat(有沿的)帽子cap便帽 sunglasses太陽鏡tie領(lǐng)帶scarf圍巾gloves手套trousers褲子cloth布16、 交通工具：bike自行車bus公共汽車train火車 boat小船ship輪船yacht快艇car小汽車taxi出租車 jeep吉普車van小貨車；面包車plane/airplane飛機(jī)subway/underground地鐵motor cycle摩托車17、 雜物：window窗戶door門desk課桌chair椅子bed床computer計(jì)算機(jī)board寫字板fan風(fēng)扇light燈teachers desk講臺picture圖畫；照片wall墻壁floor地板curtain窗簾trash bin垃圾箱closet壁櫥mirror鏡子end table床頭柜football/soccer足球present禮物walkman隨身聽 lamp臺燈phone電話sofa沙發(fā)shelf書架fridge冰箱table桌子TV電視air-conditioner空調(diào)key鑰匙lock鎖photo照片chart圖表plate盤子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot鍋gift禮物toy玩具doll洋娃娃ball球 balloon氣球kite風(fēng)箏jigsaw puzzle拼圖游戲box盒子umbrella傘zipper拉鏈violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜球nest鳥窩hole洞tube管子 toothbrush牙刷menu菜單e-card電子卡片e-mail電子郵件traffic light交通燈money錢medicine藥18、 地點(diǎn)：home家room房間bedroom臥室bathroom衛(wèi)生間living room起居室kitchen廚房classroom教室school學(xué)校park公園library圖書館post office郵局police office警察局hospital醫(yī)院cinema電影院bookstore書店farm農(nóng)場zoo動物園garden花園study書房playground操場canteen食堂teachers office教師辦公室 library圖書館 gym體育館 washroom衛(wèi)生間 art room繪畫教室computer room計(jì)算機(jī)教室music room音樂教室TV room電視機(jī)房flat公寓company公司 factory 工廠fruit stand水果攤pet shop寵物商店nature park自然公園theme park主題公園science museum科學(xué)博物館the Great Wall長城supermarket超市bank銀行country國家village鄉(xiāng)村city城市hometown家鄉(xiāng)bus stop公交車站19、 課程：sports體育運(yùn)動science科學(xué)Moral Education思想品德課Social Studies社會課Chinese語文math數(shù)學(xué)PE體育課English英語課二十、國家、城市：China/PRC中國America/USA美國UK聯(lián)合王國England英國Canada/CAN加拿大Australia澳大利亞New York紐約London倫敦Sydney悉尼二十一、氣象：cold寒冷的warm溫暖的cool涼爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的hot炎熱的rainy下雨的windy有風(fēng)的cloudy多云的weather report天氣預(yù)報(bào)二十二、景物：river河流lake湖泊stream河；溪forest森林path小道road公路house房子bridge橋building建筑物rain雨cloud云sun太陽mountain山sky天空rainbow彩虹wind風(fēng)air空氣moon月亮二十三、植物：flower花grass草tree樹seed種子sprout苗plant植物rose玫瑰leaf葉子二十四、方位：south南north北east東west西left 左邊right右邊二十五、患病：have a fever發(fā)燒hurt疼痛have a cold感冒have a toothache牙疼have a headache頭疼have a sore throat喉嚨疼二十六、形容詞：big大的small小的long長的tall高的short短的；矮的young年輕的old舊的；老的strong健壯的thin瘦的active積極活躍的quiet安靜的nice好看的kind和藹親切的strict嚴(yán)格的smart聰明的 funny滑稽可笑的tasty好吃的sweet甜的 salty咸的sour酸的fresh新鮮的favourite最喜愛的clean干凈的tired疲勞的excited興奮的angry生氣的happy高興的bored無聊的sad憂愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的stronger更強(qiáng)壯的older年齡更大的younger更年輕的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更長的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的heavy重的new新的fat胖的happy快樂的right對的hungry饑餓的cute逗人喜愛的little小的lovely可愛的beautiful漂亮的colourful色彩鮮艷的pretty漂亮的cheap便宜的expensive昂貴的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有幫助的high高的easy簡單的proud驕傲的sick有病的better更好的higher更高的二十七、介詞：in在里on在上；在時(shí)候under在下面near在的旁邊behind在后邊next to與相鄰over在上面in front of在前面二十八、代詞：I我we我們you你；你們he他she她it它they他（她，它）們my我的our 我們的your你的；你們的his他的her她的二十九、動詞：play（.ed）玩；踢swim(swam)游泳skate滑冰fly(flew)飛jump跳walk走run(run)跑climb爬fight(fought)打架swing(swung)蕩eat(ate)吃sleep(slept)睡覺like像，喜歡have(had)有；吃turn轉(zhuǎn)彎buy(bought)買take(took)買；帶live居住teach（taught）教go(went)去study(studied)學(xué)習(xí)learn學(xué)習(xí)sing(sang)唱歌dance跳舞row劃do(did)做do homework做作業(yè)do housework做家務(wù)watch TV看電視r(shí)ead(read) books讀書cook the meals做飯water the flowers澆花sweep(swept) the floor掃地clean the bedroom打掃臥室make(made) the bed鋪床set(set) the table擺飯桌wash the clothes洗衣服do the dishes洗碗碟use a computer使用計(jì)算機(jī)do morning exercises晨練；做廣播操eat breakfast吃早飯eat dinner吃晚飯go to school上學(xué)have English class上英語課play sports進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動get（got）up起床climb mountains爬山go shopping買東西play the piano彈鋼琴visit grandparents看望（外）祖父母go hiking去遠(yuǎn)足fly kites放風(fēng)箏make a snowman堆雪人plant trees種樹draw(drew) pictures畫畫cook dinner做飯read a book看書answer the phone接電話listen to music聽音樂clean the room打掃房間write(wrote) a letter寫信write an e-mail寫電子郵件drink(drank) water喝水take pictures照相watch insects觀察昆蟲pick up leaves采摘樹葉do an experiment做實(shí)驗(yàn)catch butterflies捉蝴蝶count insects數(shù)昆蟲collect insects收集昆蟲collect leaves收集樹葉write a report寫報(bào)告play chess下棋have a picnic舉行野餐get to到達(dá)ride(rode) a bike騎自行車play the violin拉小提琴make kites制作風(fēng)箏collect stamps集郵meet(met)見面welcome歡迎thank謝謝love愛work工作drink(drank)喝taste嘗smell聞feed(fed)喂養(yǎng)shear剪milk擠奶look看guess猜help幫助pass傳遞show展示use使用clean打掃open打開close關(guān)上put放paint繪畫tell(told)告訴kick踢bounce反彈ride(rode)騎stop(stopped)停wait等find(found)尋找到drive(drove)駕駛fold折send(sent)寄wash洗shine照耀become變成feel(felt)感覺到think(thought)思考meet(met)遇見fall(fell)落下leave(left)離開wake(woke) up醒來put on穿上take off脫掉hang up掛起wear(wore)穿go home回家go to bed上床睡覺play computer games玩電腦游戲play chess下棋e(cuò)mpty the trash倒垃圾put away the clothes收拾衣服get off下車take a trip去旅行read a magazine閱讀雜志go to the cinema去看電影go straight向前直走三十、人物：friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss小姐lady女士；小姐parents父母baby嬰兒kid小孩classmate同學(xué)queen女王visitor參觀者neighbour鄰居principal校長university student大學(xué)生pen pal筆友tourist旅行者people人物robot機(jī)器人小學(xué)英語語法學(xué)習(xí)（一）一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則語法要點(diǎn)：1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish,people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 習(xí)題練習(xí)：寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù) I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ 2、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)語法要點(diǎn)：A 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能： 1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。 B 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成：1. be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動詞后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。C一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化：1. be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?2. 行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語+ dont( doesnt ) +動詞原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work?D 動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies習(xí)題練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù) drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today?Its Saturday.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)語法要點(diǎn)：1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意 + be + 主語+ 動詞ing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意 + be + 動詞ing?6動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則（1）一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking（2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting（3）如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping習(xí)題練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_2、 用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 四、將來時(shí)語法要點(diǎn)：一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do；will+ do. 三、否定句：在be動詞（am, is, are）l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問句：be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時(shí)的對劃線部分有三種情況。1. 問人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.2. 問干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race wi