初三定語從句1完整PPT課件

初三英語組,精選,2,定語可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語等來擔(dān)任，修飾名詞。(以分詞、介詞短語為例）例：ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk.,定語從句在英語中，修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句。例：ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate.Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasdrunk.,精選,3,關(guān)系代詞如何引導(dǎo)定語從句普通代詞與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別Ihaveasister.SheworksinShanghai.代替sister普通代詞：只起代替的作用（如上例she)Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.關(guān)系代詞：（如上例who/which）,1.代替先行詞;2.它還在定語從句中擔(dān)任一定的成分;3.同時(shí)連接先行詞與它引導(dǎo)的定語從句。（把主句和從句連起來）,Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.,關(guān)系代詞的使用取決于先行詞，它們的關(guān)系非常密切，因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞在定語從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的人稱、數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。,Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句,which/that是關(guān)系代詞，它在從句中代替先行詞thebuilding,同時(shí)擔(dān)任從句中的主語，也起連詞的作用，把兩個(gè)簡單句連接起來。,精選,5,關(guān)系詞判斷步驟:首先，要看先行詞。如果先行詞是指人,關(guān)系代詞可用who,that,whom,whose。如果先行詞指物,關(guān)系代詞可用which或that;,然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請(qǐng)看下表,精選,6,最后，定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞和先行詞一致.注:定語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句的限制。Thewomanwho/thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(敘述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))(從句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示過去時(shí)間),thetallthestrongtheclever,boy,TheboyisTom.,TheboywhoistallisTom.,TheboywhoisstrongisTom,TheboywhoiscleverisTom,TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.,TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.,TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主語),TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.,TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.,TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.,Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.,Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(賓語),Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.,Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.,Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.,關(guān)系代詞,1.who指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）,Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.,Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.,2.whom指人,作賓語(作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省),Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.,ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.,精選,12,關(guān)系代詞,3.whose是代詞的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。,Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.,Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.,apple,theredthegreenthesmallthebig,Theapplewhichisredismine.,Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.,Theapplewhichisredissmall,Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.,Canyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow.,CanyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?,Canyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?,4.which指物，作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省),Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.,Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?,Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?,精選,16,1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.Thisisthehero(that)weareproudof.,2)Theroom(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom(which)Iliveinisverybig.TheroominwhichIliveisverybig.TheroomwhereIliveisverybig.,注意:固定動(dòng)介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前.例如:lookafter,lookat,關(guān)系代詞與介詞:介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時(shí),介詞賓語只能用which代物,用whom代人。(介詞在末尾時(shí),關(guān)系詞可以省略),精選,17,定語從句中需注意事項(xiàng)有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞that,而不宜用which1.從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行詞是something,nothing,anything等不定代詞時(shí)Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.,精選,18,3.先行詞既有人也有物時(shí),只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.4.先行詞是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修飾時(shí)Isittheonethatyouwant?IhaventgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.5.當(dāng)主句已有疑問詞who或which時(shí)，用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?,精選,19,注:who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用who,不用that1).先行詞是anyone,someone,those時(shí)，關(guān)系詞使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere?2).在therebe句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.,精選,20,關(guān)系副詞,關(guān)系副詞是用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣,在從句中代替先行詞,在句中作狀語。,where:在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,指代地點(diǎn).when:在從句中作時(shí)間狀語,指代時(shí)間。,1.Thehotelwasntclean.+Westayedatthehotel.,Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasntclean.Thehotel(which)westayedatwasntclean.,精選,21,2.Illneverforgettheday.IjoinedtheLeagueonthatday.IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.IllneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.,(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.,Thescientistwemetyesterdayisverywhofamousintheworld.whomthat,(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.,Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.which,(3)Heisthekindperson.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.,(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.,HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworkedwhowith.whom,ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.,精選,24,單項(xiàng)選擇。1.Thisisthejob_theylaughedat.A.whichB.asC.itD.who2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark_builtabout300yearsago.A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman_atyesterdaysmeeting?A.wesawhimB.wesawC.wesawwhoD.shewasseen4.Theman_ispaintingthehouseismyuncle.A.heB.whomC.whoseD.who5.Whatistheanimal_babyissleepinginitspocket?A.whoB.whoseC.itsD.which,A,C,B,D,B,精選,25,6.Thisbookisforthestudents_nativelanguageisntEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whoseD.whos7.Therobbersshouted,“Handsup!Illshootanyone_moves!”A.whomB.thatC.whoD.whose8.Thedictionary_hepaid50yuanforisveryuseful.A.whichB.forwhichC.onwhichD.aboutwhich9Theboy_parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow.A.whoseB.whoC.hisD./10.Theman_issmokingisabusdriver.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.what,C,C,A,A,B,精選,26,根據(jù)漢語完成句子：1.Thisistheengineer_(給我們作關(guān)于計(jì)算機(jī)報(bào)告的)theotherday.2.Mynecklaceisnot_.(唯一不見的東西).3.Theman_(在這間房子里工作的)isanEnglishteacher.4.Theoldbuilding_(我們住的)hasbeenherefor30years.5.Thehistorybook_(封皮是黃的）waslost.,whogaveusatalkaboutcomputers,theonlythingthatsmissing,whoworksintheroom,(that/which)welivein,whosecoverisyellow,精選,27,根據(jù)漢語完成句子：6.Hereisthepen_.(你昨天丟失的）7.Thisisthebestbook_.(我讀過的）8.Ihavelostthepen_.（我父親給我買的）9.Wheatisaplant