機(jī)械外文翻譯--不銹鋼.doc

StainlessSteelPetro-chemicalindustrywithitsownproductionofsomeofthefeatures,suchasitsoperatingtemperaturerange,low-temperatureconditionsupto-196,temperaturescanreachmorethan500；operatingpressurethereisexternalpressure,vacuum,atmosphericpressure,mediumpressure,highpressure,ultra-highpressure(morethan100MPa)；Inaddition,theoperatingenvironmentinthemediumcomplexity,suchastheexistenceofcorrosion,wearandtear,andflammable,explosive,toxicandothersolid,gaseous,liquidandavarietyofmixedmediachloride,sulfideandothersaltcategory.Therefore,thepetrochemicalindustryintheuseofstainlesssteel,therequirementsofstainlesssteelhasstrongcorrosionresistance,includinganti-chloride,sulfideandothercorrosivesalts；resistanttohightemperatureandlowtemperatureperformance.Amongthem,thepetrochemicalplantat500600,theequipmentandpipematerialsingeneraltochooseavarietyofausteniticstainlesssteel-based,suchas304H,316,321,suchasausteniticstainlesssteelhasbeenwidelyused；andforoilexploration,thedevelopmentofthefieldofstainlesssteelwithanti-calledcarbondioxide,hydrogensulfidecorrosionproperties.Atpresent,Chinascrudeoilexploration,developmentismainlyusedin3Cr,9Cr,13Cr,super13CrandcontainingmorethanCr22stainlesssteelthick-walled,non-magneticdrillcollaranddrillpipe.Atpresent,Chinaspetrochemicalindustryinthestainlesssteelvarietyofchoice,ingeneralto304mainly,steelplatethicknessof6to22millimeters,themainpolymerusedintheconstructionofstoragetanks,heatexchangershell.Inaddition,somepiecesoftheuseofreactortower316L,TP347,etc.,thethicknessof26mm.Glacialaceticacidandliquiddeliveryvehicles(traintanker)Generaluseof304and306plate.Inaddition,productionofthedevicebecauseoftheexistenceofureacarbamateaminecondensate,ahighlycorrosive,generallystripper,separation,andtheuseof316Lstainlesssteelcondenser.Onthestainlesssteelcladplate,suchplatemainlyusedinoilrefiningequipmentreactiontower,commonlyusedfor20R+0Cr13AL,16MnR+0Cr13AL,20R+0Cr13such.Duetothesubstrate,rehabilitationmaterialsandproductionmethods,equipmentlimitations,domesticcompositesteelplatethickness,lengthfarfrombeingabletofullymeetthedemandsofthepetrochemicalindustry.Inaddition,thedomesticstainlesssteelplatesplicing,heattreatment,testingandothermeansyettobeimproved.Asaresultofawiderangeofstainlesssteel,petrochemicalindustry,currentlyusedforthetypeofausteniticstainlesssteel,ofwhich304brandsofstainlesssteelplate,tubeforgingslargestamount,316,304L,316Loftheplate,tube,forgingalargeramount,ASTMstandardTP321,TP347,TP316brandsofboilertubes,heatexchangerisalsograduallyincreasingdosage.Inaddition,aspecialtwo-waystainlesssteelasaresultofcorrosionresistance,ChiangKai-shekinthepetrochemicalindustryhasbeenrapidpromotionanduse,ofwhichtwo-waygraduallyincreasingtheamountofstainlesssteeltubes.Atpresent,Chinaspetrochemicalindustryintheuseofstainlesssteelisabout70,000tons,ofwhichstainlesssteelplate(8mmormore)theamountofapproximately10,000tons,stainlesssteelcompositeplateisabout15,000tons,stainlesssteelseamlesssteeltubeisabout40,000tons,stainlesssteelpipeisabout5000tons.DomesticstainlesssteelinthepetrochemicalfieldofapplicationofthereasonsfornotwidespreadAtpresent,thedomesticstainlesssteelinthepetrochemicalfieldofapplicationisnotextensive,mainlyinthefollowingreasons:First,donotsupporttheissueofstandards.Chinaspetrochemicalindustryhasbeenformedtomeetthedevelopmentneedsofthestandardsystem；athomeandabroadforhigh-pressure,high-sulfur,carbondioxidehighthreehighnaturalgasproductionequipment,materialsmelting,manufacturing,testing,testingtechnologysubsidiarynormsandstandardsisstillincomplete.Second,productproblems.Inthisregard,mainlystainlesssteelplate,tube,forging,weldingmaterialisnotmatching.Third,theissuesize.Domesticmetallurgicalindustryneedsofthepetrochemicalindustryinthethickwideboard,large-diameter,thick-walledsteelpipeproductioncapacityisverylimited.Fourth,qualityissues,productqualitystainlesssteeltubeinstability.Fifth,researchanddevelopmentproblems.NewvarietiesofthedomesticstainlesssteelR&Dandproductionisstillunabletomeetthepetrochemicalindustrysdevelopmentneeds.Inaddition,thestainlesssteelresearch,productionandexchangeofinformationbetweenusersoftheexistenceoftheproblempoor.Asaresultofthesefactors,theneedforstainlesssteelandpetrochemicalindustriestherearemanyvarietiesofdomesticenterprisescannotprovide,suchasfourmeterswideoftheheavyplateproductioninChinaisnotyet,therearemanyformsofstainlesssteelequipmentisimported.Inaddition,domesticenterprisesinproductdevelopmentwithforeignenterprisesisstilllaggingbehindcomparedto,forexample,somesteelcompaniesinEuropeeveryyeartolaunchadozennewvarietiesofstainlesssteel,andChineseenterprisesinthisrespect,theworkisnotenough.ThefivemajortrendsinthepetrochemicalproposednewrequirementsforstainlesssteelThefutureofChinaspetrochemicalindustrywillmovetowardsthetopfivetrendsinthedevelopmentofstainlesssteelproductsandhigherrequirements.Firstofall,thefutureofChinasoilandgasfieldexplorationanddevelopmenteffortswillfurtherincrease.Suchascarbondioxidewillbeinjectedbackundergroundwaystoreducecarbondioxideemissionsandimprovetheoilrecoveryrate.Atthesametime,Chinasnaturalgasexplorationanddevelopmenteffortswillbegreaterthanthecrudeoilexplorationanddevelopment,andtothehighsulfurcontent,carbondioxideareadevelopment(16%hydrogensulfidecontent,carbondioxidecontentofabout8%),andwillfurtherdeepenthedepthofwells,landShamTsengwillexceedthe8000meters.Second,thepetrochemicalplantwillbelargescale.Ethyleneproductionofsingledevicewillexceedonemilliontons；refiningsinglefactoryrefiningcapacitymorethan15milliontons；ofpurifiedterephthalicacid(PTA)productioncapacityofasingleplantmorethan800,000tons；stainlesssteeltankstothelarge-scaledevelopment.Thethirdisrunpetrochemicalplantwillbealong-termdevelopment,andgraduallyoverhaulthecurrentcycleofthetransitionto3years.Fourth,thepetrochemicalproductionwilldiversifythesourceofmaterialsdevelopment.Withtheimprovementoftherequirementsofenvironmentalprotectionandenergyconsumptionstructure,usingnaturalgasasrawmaterialsofchemicalindustryisdevelopingrapidly.Asaresultofnaturalgasatminus160canbeachievedundertheconditionsofliquefaction,sotheneedforstainlesssteelstorageandtransportationequipment.Inaddition,asChinasLNGimportsincreaseincoastalareasneedtoreceivelarge-scaleconstruction,workingcapitalandstoragefacilities,canbeexpectedinthisregardwillbeverylargestainlesssteelconsumption.Thesepetrochemicalindustrydevelopmenttrendofstainlesssteelproducts,specificationsandvarietieshaveputforwardnewdemands.Fromanti-corrosionrequirements,thepetrochemicalindustryproductiondevicetemperature,pressure,mediaaremajorchangeshavetakenplace,stainlesssteelusedinamoreharshenvironment,anti-corrosionperformancebyasinglechangetothecompositeperformance.Intheprocessingperformance,therequirementsofstainlesssteelahigherintensity,bettertoughness,weldabilityandgoodprocessability.Ingeometry,therequirementsofstainlesssteelproductsandhighprecision,widthincreased,large-diametersteelpipe,steelpipewallthicknessin