我國農(nóng)藥安全管理現(xiàn)狀_機遇及發(fā)展對策（the status quo _ opportunity and countermeasure of safety management of pesticide in china）

我國農(nóng)藥安全管理現(xiàn)狀_機遇及發(fā)展對策（THESTATUSQUO_OPPORTUNITYANDCOUNTERMEASUREOFSAFETYMANAGEMENTOFPESTICIDEINCHINA）HEISTHEDEPUTYDIRECTOROFTHEPESTICIDEINSPECTIONBUREAUOFTHEMINISTRYOFAGRICULTURE,ANDISENGAGEDINTHEQUALITYANDSAFETYMANAGEMENTOFPESTICIDESANDAGRICULTURALPRODUCTSEMAILWEIQIWENAGRIGOVCNQUALITYANDSAFETYOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTS2011TH1ELEVENQUALITYSAFETYSUPERVISION,QUALITYSAFETYSUPERVISIONMEASUREMENT,BIOLOGICALACTIVITYEVALUATION,RISKASSESSMENTTECHNOLOGYANDPESTICIDEMANAGEMENTLEVELIMPROVEIN2007,CHINABECAMEANINTERNATIONALFOODLAWPESTICIDERESIDUETHECHAIRMANOFTHECOMMITTEELEFTTHECOUNTRYWITHTHERIGHTTOSPEAKINTHEFIELDOFPESTICIDERESIDUES,ANDSUCCESSFULLYHELDINSUCCESSIONTHE4ANNUALINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONPESTICIDERESIDUESTWO,PESTICIDESAFETYMANAGEMENTPROBLEMSALTHOUGHOURCOUNTRYPESTICIDESAFETYMANAGEMENTHASOBTAINEDTHEGRATIFYINGACHIEVEMENT,THEPRODUCTALOTOFVALUABLEEXPERIENCEHASBEENACCUMULATED,BUTTHEREARESTILLSOMEHIDDENDANGERSANDCONSTRAINTSSU,SOMEASPECTSARESTILLVERYSERIOUS,THETASKISSTILLARDUOUSATHEINDUSTRYMANAGEMENTOFSUPPORTINGTHEPOOREACHDEPARTMENTACTINGONITSOWN,COHESIONBEFOREOURCOUNTRY,THEIMPLEMENTATIONOFPESTICIDESISASEGMENTEDMANAGEMENTMODEL,AGRICULTURE,INDUSTRYLETTERS,QUALITYSUPERVISION,INDUSTRYANDCOMMERCE,SAFETYSUPERVISION,ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION,TRANSPORTATION,HYGIENE,ETCTENANUMBEROFDEPARTMENTSAREINACCORDANCEWITHTHEREGULATIONSONPESTICIDEADMINISTRATIONANDTHEFUNCTIONSOFTHESTATECOUNCILDIVISIONOFLABOR,PESTICIDEPRODUCTIONQUALIFICATIONACCESS,PRODUCTQUALITYCONTROL,“THREE“WASTEDISCHARGE,REGISTRATION,USE,MARKETSUPERVISION,TRANSPORTATIONANDWASTEPROCESSINGANDSOONARESEGMENTEDPARALLELMANAGEMENTINTHEMANAGEMENTOFEACHDEPARTMENTACTINGONITSOWN,CAUSETHECOHESION,COORDINATIONANDSUPPORTINGOFTHEPOLICIESAREPOORTHECOORDINATIONBETWEENDEPARTMENTSISDIFFICULTANDTENDSTOAVOIDLIABILITY,WHICHDIRECTLYAFFECTSPESTICIDETUBESTHESTRENGTHANDEFFECTIVENESSOFMANAGEMENTTWORISKASSESSMENTSTARTEDLATE,ANDNOWTHERISKASSESSMENTHASBECOMEFORTHEDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESANDREGIONSOFPESTICIDESAFETYMANAGEMENTINDISPENSABLETUBELOGICALTOOLSOURCOUNTRYPESTICIDERISKMONITORINGWASINITIATEDONLYIN2009ASSESSMENTWORKISLAGGINGBEHINDTHEDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIES30YEARSFORLACKOFACCUMULATIONOFEXPERIENCEANDBASICDATA,MONITORINGANDEVALUATIONOFPESTICIDERISKTHEWORKOFSAFETYASSESSMENTISDIFFICULTTOBECARRIEDOUTFORMALLYCURRENTINOURCOUNTRYTHEPESTICIDEBANANDRESTRICTIONPOLICIESAREMOSTLYINTHECASEOFMAJORSAFETYPROBLEMSREMEDIALMEASURESTAKENAFTERTHEUSEOFPESTICIDERISKASSESSMENTRESULTS,TOFORMULATEANDIMPROVECHINASPESTICIDEINDUSTRYPOLICYANDPESTICIDESAFETYMANAGEMENTSYSTEMDEGREE,PESTICIDEPRODUCTS,WITHDRAWALMECHANISM,ANDSOON,THEREISSTILLAGREATDEMANDFORMANAGEMENTGAPTHREESAFEUSEOFPESTICIDES,LOWLEVELOFTECHNOLOGY,INORDERTOENSUREPESTICIDETHEAPPLICANTSHEALTHANDAGRICULTURALPRODUCTIONARESUBJECTTOPESTICIDEREGISTRATIONTHEDOSAGE,TIME,INTERVAL,OBJECTOFPREVENTIONANDTREATMENTWEREDETERMINEDOPERATION,THEUNITEDSTATES,JAPAN,THEEUROPEANUNIONANDOTHERDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESANDREGIONSHAVEPASSEDTHELEGISLATIONPERMITSTHEUSEOFPESTICIDESBYUSERSANDREQUIRESTHEUSEOFPESTICIDESUSERSMUSTUNDERGORIGOROUSPROFESSIONALTRAININGBEFORETHEYCANUSEITANDOURCOUNTRYISNEAR80OFTHEPESTCONTROLISCOMPLETEDBYTHEFARMERSTHEMSELVES,PROFESSIONALKNOWLEDGEANDVOCATIONALHEALTHTRAININGGUIDANCEARERELATIVELYLACKING,PARTOFTHEFARMERSINORDERTOPURSUETHEPREVENTIONANDCONTROLEFFECT,ILLEGALUSEOFBANNEDPESTICIDESORPESTICIDESINACCORDANCEWITHTHEPRESCRIBEDUSEOFTECHNOLOGY,FREQUENCY,SAFETYINTERVAL,THEUSEOFAGRICULTUREMEDICINEACCORDINGTOTHEMINISTRYOFAGRICULTUREPESTICIDEINSPECTIONSTATIONPESTICIDEUSEIN2009INVESTIGATEABOUT65OFTHEFARMERSHAVENOTPARTICIPATEDINTHETECHNICALTRAININGOFPESTICIDEUSETRAINING,73OFTHEPEASANTSARETREATEDWITHEXPERIENCEILLEGALUSEOFPESTICIDESORNOTSCIENTIFICDRUGUSEHASBECOMEASERIOUSPROBLEMAFFECTINGPESTICIDESAFETYMANAGEMENT,CAUSINGFARMERSTOPRODUCTQUALITYANDSAFETYACCIDENTSAREDIFFICULTTOCONTROLHAPPEN。FOURTECHNICALSUPPORTCAPABILITYISWEAK,LONGTERMBENEFITSOFPESTICIDESANDTHEPOTENTIALRISKSTOHUMANHEALTHANDTHEECOLOGICALENVIRONMENTAREONLYFORMALINTHEPRODUCTITISPOSSIBLETOBEPUTONTHEMARKETANDWIDELYUSEDINAGRICULTURALPRODUCTIONITISFOUNDTHATPESTICIDESAFETYMONITORINGINCHINAHASBEENCARRIEDOUTFROMITOPENEDIN2009START2/3PROVINCIALPESTICIDEINSPECTIONINSTITUTIONSEXISTDETECTIONINSTRUMENTEQUIPMENT,AGING,INADEQUATETESTINGANDOTHERISSUES,CITIESANDCOUNTIESAREBASICALLYNOTWITHPESTICIDEQUALITYTESTINGANDRESIDUALMONITORINGCAPABILITIES,THEVASTMAJORITYOFTHECOUNTRYTESTINGINSTITUTIONSAREHARMFULTOTHESAFETYOFPESTICIDESANDADDITIVESARENOTYETHAVETHEABILITYTODETECT,FOODSAFETY,ENVIRONMENTALSAFETYRISKMONITORINGMETHODSTHEREISALSOALACKOFPESTICIDETOXICOLOGYTESTS,WHICHCANONLYBECARRIEDOUTBYMEANSOFHEALTHCARESYSTEMSSTRENGTH,CANNOTEFFECTIVELYPROVIDECOMPREHENSIVEPESTICIDESAFETYMANAGEMENTDEPARTMENTACADEMICSUPPORTINTERNATIONALLYACCEPTEDRISKASSESSMENTANDLIMITATIONSTANDARDSSETTINGRULESINOURCOUNTRY,PESTICIDERESIDUESTANDARDSARESELDOMUSEDINTHEFORMULATIONOFPESTICIDERESIDUESTANDARDSQUASISERIOUSSHORTAGE,CHINAONLYRESIDUELIMITSTANDARDSMORETHAN900,WHILETHEINTERNATIONALCODEXALIMENTARIUSCOMMISSIONCACHASTHREE338ITEM2,THEEUROPEANUNIONYES145THOUSANDITEM3PESTICIDEEQUIPMENTANDTECHNOLO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