中考時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)總結(jié)及練習(xí)

1、中考時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練一 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（一）構(gòu)成: (1) be: am/is/are (2) do: do/does（二）用法：1. 經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作等。常與everyday, often, always, once a week, seldom, usually等連用。 She always goes to school by bus.2. 真理和事實(shí)。 Light travels faster than sound.3.在由when, if, before, as soon as, unless等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 When I grow up， I

2、will be a soldier.（主將從現(xiàn)）4.動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，用在由here, there等開(kāi)首的句子中，表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生。 There goes the bell.5.表示主語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣特征，性格，能力等。 He studies very hard.6.一般的說(shuō)明文字等。 The book says that women can live longer than men二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（一）.構(gòu)成：（1）be: was/were (2) do: did（二）用法：1.表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和明確的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。（或有上下文語(yǔ)境暗示） She went out just

3、now. I saw him yesterday.2.表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 Last month she worked eleven hours every day. He used to get up early. 3.表示兩個(gè)緊接著發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常由以下詞語(yǔ)連接，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。 The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her. He bought a watch but lost it

4、.注意：有一些容易變化錯(cuò)誤的單詞，如： prefer preferred, fix fixed, mix mixed練習(xí)： (1)-I knocked into a tree when I went to the railway station for my friend. -I suppose you too fast. A. drive B. are driving C. drove D. were driving(2) In the 49th World Table Tennis Championship,Wang Liqin Ma Lin and the champion of the

5、 Mens Singles. A. beat, beat B. won, won C. beat, won D. won, beat(3) -When your brother back?-About half an hour ago.A. did, come B. had, come C. do, come D. have, come(4) Excuse me. You shouldnt smoke here. Look at the sign “NO SMOKING HERE.”-Sorry, I it.A. doesnt see B. havent seen C. didnt see D

6、. hadnt seen三、一般將來(lái)時(shí)（一）構(gòu)成：（1）will be/do (2) be going to be/do表示未來(lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)常用will / shall + 動(dòng)詞（常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)邊用如tomorrow、next week等）。 He will visit shanghai next week.表示一種趨向或習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。 Well die without air or water.表示趨向行為的動(dòng)詞如come、go、start、begin、leave等詞常用進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式表示將來(lái)時(shí)。 My uncle is coming form America.be going to與wi

7、ll / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及區(qū)別：be going to 表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)?lái)要做某事，這種打算往往經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮，甚至已做了某種準(zhǔn)備；shall / will do表示未事先考慮過(guò)，即說(shuō)話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。* be going to 表將來(lái)，不能用在條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中；而will則能，表意愿。如：If it is fine, well go fishing.(正確)If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(錯(cuò)誤)* be to do sth.表按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止

8、，可能性等。A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock this afternoon.* be about to do sth.表示“即可，就要”，后面不能接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句。Autumn harvest is about to start.注意：在下面幾種情況下只可用will (shall)表示將來(lái)，而不可用be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)。表示有禮貌地詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方是否愿意或表示客氣的邀請(qǐng)或命令時(shí)。eg: Will you please lend me your bike?(2) 表示意愿時(shí)eg: We will help him if he asks us.(3

9、)表示單純的將來(lái)，與人的主觀愿望和判斷無(wú)關(guān)時(shí)。eg: The sun will rise at 6:30 tomorrow morning四 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)1.構(gòu)成：（1）was/were going to be/do (2) will be/do2.用法：（1）表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間看將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用在賓語(yǔ)從句中，由“would 動(dòng)詞原形” 引導(dǎo)。 eg: 1)He said he would buy some fruit for his sister. 2)He asked when the meeting would end. (2) 表示曾經(jīng)打算或準(zhǔn)備要做的事，用 “was/w

10、ere 動(dòng)詞原形”引導(dǎo)。 eg: 1)I thought it was going to rain soon. 2)They were going to start a new job when I saw them then. (3) go, come, leave, arrive, start 等動(dòng)詞，其 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。練習(xí)：（1）-The TV show Home With Kids is so wonderful .You shouldnt miss it. -If I have time, I it. A. see B. saw C. will see D.

11、 have seen (2) I want to know if there an English speech contest next month. If our school it, I must get ready for it. A. will be, holds B. will be, will hold C. will have, hold (3) The summer vacation will begin next week. David to stay with us. A. will be coming B. comes C. came D. is coming五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)

12、行時(shí)1.構(gòu)成：am/is/are v-ing2.用法：（1）表示此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 eg: -What are you doing? -Im reading English. (2) 表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。 eg: 1)They are studying hard this term. 2)We arte picking apples on a farm these days. (3) go, leave, arrive, start, visit，move 等動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái). eg: 1)Im going to Beijing this Sunday. 2)T

13、he bus is coming soon. (4) 當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為now, these days等時(shí)或當(dāng)句子中含有l(wèi)ook, listen, can you see, cant you see之類(lèi)的暗示詞時(shí),要使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。但應(yīng)注意 下列這些動(dòng)詞一般不用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的句子中。 a. 表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞。如：see, hear等 b. 表示喜歡或厭惡的動(dòng)詞。如：like, love等 c. 表示希望的動(dòng)詞。如：want, would like等 d. 表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。如：be等 e. 表示歸屬的動(dòng)詞。如：have等 f. 表示思維、知識(shí)或理解能力的動(dòng)詞。如：know, think, forget

14、等練習(xí)：（1）Dont turn on the TV. Grandma now. A. is sleeping B. will sleep C. slept D. sleeps (2) Listen. They with Mr Wang in the room. A. chatting B. are chatting C. were chatting D. will chat (3) -Jim, please help me take out of the trash. -OK, mom. I . A. will come B. am coming C. shall come C. would

15、 come (4) He with us to Hawaii for summer vacation. A. are going to B. is going to go C. is going to D. are going to go六、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.構(gòu)成： was/were v-ing2.用法：（1）表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)then, at that time, this time yesterday,at ten yesterday 等連用,或用另一類(lèi)動(dòng)作表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間。eg: 1)What were you doing at nine las

16、t night? -I was watching TV at that time. 2)He was reading when I came in. 3)I was doing my homework while my parents were watching TV. (2)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常和always等時(shí)間副詞連用，表示過(guò)去頻繁發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，此時(shí)的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)帶有一定的感情色彩。 eg: Alice was always changing her mind. (3)注意在含有when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句中過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的運(yùn)用： 1）主句中的動(dòng)作先于從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生，且進(jìn)行

17、的時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，主句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)）。 eg: When the UFO arrived, I was watching TV. 2）從句中的動(dòng)作先于主句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生，且進(jìn)行的時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)）。 eg: While I was walking in the street, the accident happened. 3) 若主、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或無(wú)所謂先后時(shí)，主從句可同時(shí)使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，此時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句一般由while引導(dǎo)。 eg: I was doing my homework while my parents were doing the

18、chores. 注意：在上述情況下，若動(dòng)詞為表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，一般都應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而不用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 eg: Luckily, when I went to see him, he was at home. 3.練習(xí)： （1）James has just arrived, but I didnt know he _until yesterday. A. will come B. is coming C. was coming D. comes (2) I saw Lisa in the street yesterday, but she didnt see me. She the oth

19、er day. A. was shopping B. am shopping C. have shopped* 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)比較 1. I dont really work here. I _ until the new secretary _. A. just help out; comes B. have just helped out; will come C. am just helping out; comes D. will just help out; has come 2. - When shall we leave? - As soon as I _ what I

20、_. A. will finish; do B. have finished, am doing C. finish, will do D. finish, do 3. At that time he _ in the library. A. worked B. had worked C. was working D. would work 4. The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she_in the office. A. were working; had left B. worked; left C. had

21、worked; left D. were working; would leave 5. - Hey, look where you are going! - Oh, Im terribly sorry. _. A. Im not noticing. B. I wasnt noticing. C. I havent noticed. D. I dont notice. E. I didnt notice. F. I wont notice*一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)比較1. He _ a book about China last year, but I dont know if he _ it.

22、 A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish 2. Tom _ into the house when no one _. A. slipped; was noticing B. had slipped; noticed C. slipped; had noticed D. was slipping; noticed 3. As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was fa

23、lling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell 4. The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields. A. had seen; was picking B. saw; picked C. had seen; picked D. saw; was picking 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1.Who _(give)the concert tomorrow?2._ I _(say ) it again?3. My parents _(give) me a c

24、omputer for my next birthday.4. We _(go) to the park if it doesnt rain tomorrow.5. There _(be) an English party tomorrow evening.6.Larry, what are you going to be when you _(grow) up? -I _(be) a professional basketball player.II.單項(xiàng)選擇1.-Will you please stay here for the picnic? -Sorry, I _. Ill have

25、to go to practice the piano. A. mustnt B. neednt C. wont D. cant2. He says he _us around his factory in a week. A. shows B. is showing C. will shows D. will show3. Either we or Andy _ the animals this weekend. A. is going to feed B. are going to feed C. is feeding D. are feeding4. I hope your dream

26、_ one day. A. comes true B. come true C. will come true D. will true5. _ I return the book to the library soon? A. Will B. Do C. Am D. Shall6. If it _, our family _ boating tomorrow. A. dont rain, will go B. isnt rain, is going to go C. doesnt rain, will go D. doesnt rain, shall go7. There _ a footb

27、all match on TV this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)be: have/has been (2)do: have/has done2.用法： （1）結(jié)果：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的或已完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響后結(jié)果。 eg:1)Have you had your lunch yet? -Yes, I have. Ive just had it. 2)I have lost my pen. 3)I have already watched the TV

28、play. 4)Have you found your lost pen? -No, I havent found it yet. 注意：already, yet常和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。 1）already 用于肯定句，可放在助動(dòng)詞之后、過(guò)去分詞之前也可放在句末。 2）yet用于疑問(wèn)句，表示“已經(jīng)”，用于否定句，表“還”，常放在句末。(2)持續(xù)：表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還要持續(xù)下去，常和for, since連用，表示持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)多為 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 eg: 1)We have lived here since 2000. 2)I have learnt English for t

29、hree years.(3)經(jīng)驗(yàn)：表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷的事情或表示同一動(dòng)作發(fā) 生多次，常和never, ever, once, twice, before等連用。 eg: 1)I have never been to Egypt before. 2)It has snowed twice here. 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)表示： 主語(yǔ) have/has been adj./n./prep-phrase eg: 1)He has been dead for two years. 2)He has been a party member for a year. 3)I have

30、been in this school for half a year.(4)幾個(gè)副詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的用法： just“剛剛”，表示動(dòng)作剛結(jié)束，常放在助動(dòng)詞與過(guò)去分詞之間。 eg: He has just come back from Beijing. ever“曾經(jīng)”，用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中，位于助動(dòng)詞與過(guò)去分詞之間。 eg: Have you ever been to Shanghai? never“從來(lái)沒(méi)有”， 常與before連用，多放在助動(dòng)詞與過(guò)去分詞之間。 eg: I have never travelled by plane before. before“以前”，指過(guò)去不確定的某個(gè)

31、時(shí)間，總放在句末不受句型的限制。 eg: I havent heard of it before. for 時(shí)間段 , since 時(shí)間點(diǎn) 應(yīng)特別注意：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 如：我離開(kāi)這所學(xué)校已八年了。 誤：Ive left this school for eight years. 正：Ive been away this school for eight years.（5）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的用法 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不可與表示一段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 eg: The poor old man has died. (T) The poor old man has died for three

32、 years. (F) The poor old man has been dead for three years. 但在否定句中，可以與表示一段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 eg: He hasnt come here for several days. 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用可采用下述三種方法： 1）將非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞： come be here, go be there, die be dead, borrow keep, buy have, join be in/be a member, leave be away, begin to study study, finish

33、be over, get up be up, put on wear, catch a cold have a cold, wake up be awake, fall asleep be asleep, arrive/get be, lose not have, leave be away from2)將時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)改為過(guò)去時(shí)間，并用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 eg: He has been in the army for three years. He joined the army three years ago. 3)用句型“It is 一段時(shí)間since從句（從句中 的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用非延續(xù)性

34、動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去式）”表示 eg: The old man has been dead for two years. It is two years since the old man died練習(xí)：1. I_ this book for two weeks. I have to return it now. A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept2.Why not go to see the flower show with us? -I _ it. A. saw B. had seen C. see D. have seen3.I

35、_so busily recently that I _ no time to help you with your math. -Thats OK. I can manage it by myself. A. have been working, have B. have worked, had C. am working, will have D. had been working, had had4.I _ women new CDs. -When _ you _ them? -Yesterday morning. A. buy, did, buy B. buy, do, buy C.

36、have bought, did, buy D. have bought, did, buy5. I first met Tom 10 years ago. He _ in a radio factory at that time. A. had worked B. has worked C. was working D. has been working6.Have you finished the report? -NO. I _ it all this week. A. will do B. had done C. have done D. have been doing八、過(guò)去完成時(shí)1

37、.構(gòu)成：(1)be: had been (2)do: had done2.用法：表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，即在過(guò)去的某一動(dòng)作之 前，已經(jīng)發(fā)生了另外一個(gè)動(dòng)作。3.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：by last week, by the end of last year, when I got there等 eg: 1)The movie had been on for 10 minutes when I got to the cinema. 2)She had left by the time I arrived. 3)He had lived in Shanghai before he came here. 4)I ha

38、d learned about 2,000 words by the end of last term. 1. - Where _you _ (put) the book? I cant see it anywhere. - I _(put) it right here. But now its gone. A. did ; put; put B. have; put; put C. did; put; have put D. have; put; have put2. We havent heard from Jane for a long time. What do you suppose

39、 _ to her? A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened3. Hello, I _ you were in London. How long _ here? A. dont know; were you B. hadnt known; are you C. havent known; are D. didnt know; have you been4. Im glad to tell you that we _ the work in less time than we _ expected to. A. finish

40、ed; were B. have finished; are C. have finished; were D. had finished; were5. When I was at college I _ three foreign languages but I _ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten C. had spoken; have forgotten一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1. He _ a boo

41、k about China last year, but I dont know if he _ it. A. wrote; has finished B. was writing; has finished C. was writing; had finished D. wrote; will finish 2. Tom _ into the house when no one _. A. slipped; was noticing B. had slipped; noticed C. slipped; had noticed D. was slipping; noticed 3. As s

42、he _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell 4. The last time I _ Jane she _ cotton in the fields. A. had seen; was picking B. saw; picked C. had seen; picked D. saw; was picking （六）過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)比較練習(xí)I單項(xiàng)選擇 1. Li mei is only a t

43、en-year-old girl, but she _to draw for about five years. A. learns B. learnde C. would learn D. has learned 2. There _ a lot of rain again last week. We _ too much rain this month. A. was; had B. was; have had C. has been; has had D. has been; had 3. -_you _ Kates brother ? I _ something to tell him

44、. -Im afraid I _. A. Have; seen; have got; havent B. Did; see; have; dont C. Have; seen; had; havent D. Did; see; have got; havent 4. My family _ supper when suddenly I _ a heavy knock on the door. A. are having; heard B. were having; have heard C. were having; heard D. have had; was hearing 5. Jim

45、no longer studies here. He _ to London with his parents. They _ almost a week ago. A. is goingl left B. was going; left C. has gone; has left D. has gone; left 6. Our manger _ to America twice before and now he _ there again. A. has gone; has been B. has been; has gone C. has gone; went D. went; has

46、 been 7. Mr Liu _ for Xian on Saturday. He _ in that city for about five days. A. leftl has been B. has left; has been C. was leaving; was D. left; was 8. Granny Liu _down among the children and _to tell them the story of her life. A. has sat; began B. sat; has begun C. sat; began D. has sat; has be

47、gun 9. I;m sorry to keep you waiting so long. -Oh, it doesnt matter. I _ here only a few minutes. A. was B. have been C. will be D. came 11. I have _ finished my home work. Have you finished yours_. A. already; already B. already; yet C. yet; yet D. yet; asready 12. I have _come back from abroad. I

48、came here _. A. just; just B. just now; just now C. justl just now D. just now; just 13. I havent told that to anyone _, have I ? - Youve seemed to tell that to Li Lei a few days_. A. before; ago B. before; before C. ago; ago D. ago; before 14.Has your mother _ beeen to London _? -No, _. But my fath

49、er has _been there. A. just; yet; never; ever B. ever; before; not; already C. ever; already; never; just D. ever; before; never; just15. I have _ heard of such a strange thing_. A. just; already B. never; before C. never yet D. ever; just now 16. Ann has been in Australia _ six months. Her parents havent heard from her _ half a year _.A. for; since; ago B. for; since; before C. in; for; ago; D. for; since; before 17. Mr Black _ to the city hospital. He _ a bad cold.