鑄造缺陷中英文對照

1、.A .尺寸，形狀缺陷鑄造缺陷casting defects尺寸超差impropershrinkage allowance尺寸不合格wrong size模樣錯誤excess rappingof pattern, deformed pattern, pattern error壁厚不均differentthickness鑄型下垂mold sag錯型mold shift,shift, miss-match, cross-joint舂移ram off, ramaway塌型mold drop,drop off, drop out, drop sticker上型下沉，沉芯sag(上型和型芯下垂導(dǎo)致壁厚減小

2、）飛翅fins, joint flash翹曲warp age,buckling, warping, camber鑄件變形warped casting擠箱push up,cramp-off型裂broken mold,cracked掉砂crush ofmold, crush變形deformation,casting distortion, warped castingB.縮孔（由凝固收縮引起)縮孔shrinkage,shrinkaged cavity內(nèi)部縮孔internalshrinkage, dispersed shrinkage, blind shrinkage敞露縮孔open shrinka

3、ge,external shrinkages, sink marks, depression縮松porosity, shrinkage porosity,leakers, micro shrinkage, disperded shrinkage縮陷sink marks,draw, suck-in芯面縮孔core shrinkage內(nèi)角縮孔cornershrinkage, fillet shrinkage出汗孔extruded bead,exudation線狀縮孔fissure likeshrinkageC.氣體缺陷（由氣體引起的孔）氣孔blowholes,gas hole, blow針孔pin

4、holes裂紋狀缺陷，線狀缺陷fissure defectsD.裂紋裂紋crack縮裂shrinkage crack季裂seasoncracking, season crack應(yīng)力熱裂hot cracking,hot tearing, hot tear淬火裂紋quench crack,quenching crack應(yīng)力冷裂cold cracking,breakage, cold tearing, cold tear龜裂crack激冷層裂紋，白裂chill crackE.夾雜物夾渣slaginclusion, slag blowholes砂眼sandinclusion, raised sand,

5、 sand hole其他夾雜物the other inclusion脹砂push up,cramp-off, sand hole掉砂crush, crushof mold硬點hard spot浮渣dross (澆注后在鑄型內(nèi)形成的缺陷，尤其是石墨、氧化物和硫化物的線狀缺陷的總稱，另外，澆注過程中被卷進去的缺陷成為夾渣和砂眼，兩者的區(qū)別是形成原因不同）石墨浮渣graphite dross,carbon dross氧化皮夾渣oxide dross, oxideinclusion, skins, seams硫化物熔渣sulfide dross沉淀物sludge夾渣物sand inclusion,ox

6、ide inclusion, skins, seams黑點，黑渣black spots,lustrous carbon涂料夾渣blacking,refractory coating inclusions光亮碳膜lustrous carbonfilms, kish tracksF.外觀缺陷澆不足misrun, shortrun, cold lap, cold shut冷隔cold shut,cold laps輕度冷隔seam兩重皮plate皺皮surface fold,gas run, elephant skin, seams, scare, flow marks漏箱run-out,runout

7、, break-out, bleeder漏芯mold drop,stiker未澆滿short pours,short run, poured short氣孔blowholes, blow飛翅fins，joint flash脹砂，氣皰swell, blister芯撐未融合chaplet shut,insert cold shut, unfused chaplet熱粘砂burn in熱痕flow marks內(nèi)滲豆，冷豆，冷隔internal sweating, coldshot, shot iron外滲物sweating磷化物滲豆phosphide sweat鉛滲豆lead sweat錫滲豆tin

8、 sweat掉砂rat, sticker（型砂的一部分附著在模樣上而形成的表面缺陷）G.型芯缺陷砂芯斷裂crushed core,broken core砂芯壓碎broken core芯面縮孔core blow砂芯縮孔core blow砂芯下垂sag core,deformed core砂芯彎曲deformed core漂芯shiftedcore, core raise, raised core, mold element cutout偏芯core shiftH.表面缺陷沾砂burn on,sand burning, burn in , penetration粘型（金屬型）fusion兩重皮la

9、minations ,plat機械粘砂penetration ,metal penetration夾渣結(jié)疤scabs ,expansion scabs , corner scab表面粗糙rough casting ,rough surface鼠尾buckle , rattail涂料結(jié)疤blacking scab ,wash scabs烘干不足sever surface ,wash scabs熟痕surfacedefect casting by combination of gas and shrinkage (在靠近厚斷面處形成下陷的蛇狀傷痕）涂料剝落wash erosion氣皰blister

10、 ,surface or subsurface blow hole表面粗糙rough surface ,seems , scars起皮stripping剝落結(jié)疤pull down ,spalling scab傷痕crows feet麻面pittingsurface , orange peel , alligator skin熱裂痕surface folds, gas runs泡疤表面surface folds ,gas runs象皮狀皺皮surface fold , gasrun , elephant skin皺皮surface fold, gas run , seams , scare ,

11、flow marks波紋wave沖砂wash沖蝕erosionI.組織缺陷（鑄鐵)球化不良poor nodularity, degenerated graphite蠕墨化不良degeneratedgraphite異常石墨abnormalgraphite開花狀石墨exploded graphite過冷石墨under cooledgraphite , D-type graphite石墨細小顆粒chunky graphite石墨粗大kish graphite ,kish整列石墨aligned graphite石墨漂浮floated graphite石墨魏氏組織Widmannstattengraphi

12、te麻口mottled cast iron , mottle灰點mottle反麻口inverse mottle (與麻口相反，在薄斷面處和尖角處形成的麻口）白口chill反白口reverse chill , inverse chill冷豆extruded bead , exudation ,internal sweating退火不足miss annealing , incomplete annealing粗大枝晶組織coarsened dendritic反偏析inverse segregation比重偏析gravity segregation溶質(zhì)偏析solute segregation宏觀偏析

13、macroscopic segregation微觀偏析microscopic segregationJ.斷口缺陷表面鐵素體ferrite rim表面珠光體pearlite rim白緣，脫碳pearlitic rim , picture frame , pearlitelayer不均勻斷口heterogeneous fractured surface破碎激冷層scattered chill structure , cold flakes晶粒粗大rough grain尖釘狀斷口spiky fractured surface冰糖狀斷口rock candy fracture surfaceK.力學(xué)性能

14、缺陷硬點hard spot (對鑄件，硬點是硬區(qū)、白口或冷豆等力學(xué)性能缺陷的總稱；對鋁合金，硬點是鑄件內(nèi)各種高硬度相，如初晶Si相、金屬間化合物、氧化物，偏析等總稱）硬度不良poor hardness , too high or lowhardnessL.使用性能缺陷腐蝕性不良poor corrosion resistance切削性不良poor machinability麻點torn surface鋅晶間腐蝕zinc intergranular corrosion電導(dǎo)率不良poor electrical conductivityM.其他缺陷殘留飛翅residual fin殘留黑皮residualblack skin澆道冒口斷口缺肉broken casting at gate , riser or vent端部缺肉inside cut切口缺肉（壓鑄件）inside cut翹曲(噴