小升初英語語法時(shí)態(tài)講解與歸納匯總

1、小升初英語語法時(shí)態(tài)講解與歸納匯總來源：互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 時(shí)間：2009-9-9 9:36:00 所屬頻道：小升初一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一. 意義：表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情，動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)二. 構(gòu)成及變化1.be動(dòng)詞的變化?？隙ň洌褐髡Z+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?2. 行為動(dòng)詞的變化。

2、當(dāng)主語為第一，二人稱及復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞為do肯定句：主語+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school.否定句：主語+ dont+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：we dont play basketball after school.一般疑問句：Do +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它?如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we dont.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+以do開頭的一般疑問句?如： What do you often do after school ?當(dāng)主語為第

3、三人稱單數(shù)時(shí) ,助動(dòng)詞為does肯定句：主語+動(dòng)詞三單式(+其它)。如： He swims well.否定句：主語+ doesnt+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：He doesnt swim well.一般疑問句：Does +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+以does開頭的一般疑問句?如： How does your father go to work?三.第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則(只有在第三人稱為主語的肯定句中，動(dòng)詞才用三單式)(1)多數(shù)動(dòng)詞直接加s:runs gets likes

4、collets takes plays climbs.(2)結(jié)尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前為輔音字母,結(jié)尾加es :watches teaches goes does washes crosses mixes brushes(3)動(dòng)詞末尾y前為輔音:將y改為i加es: studystudies flyflies carrycarries crycries但在y前如果為元音則直接加s:buys says四.時(shí)間標(biāo)志：always , usually , often , sometimes ,every現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一.意義當(dāng)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或正在發(fā)生的事。二.構(gòu)成:be (am, i

5、s ,are )+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing形式肯定句： 主語 + be + 現(xiàn)在分詞V-ing (+ 其他) Im doing my homework now .否定句：主語+be+not+動(dòng)詞-ing +其他. Im not doing my homework now.一般疑問句：Be+主語+動(dòng)詞-ing +其他?Are you doing your home work now? Yes, I am . No , Im not .特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+be+主語+動(dòng)詞-ing+其他?What are you doing now ?三. 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：(1)一般在動(dòng)詞末尾直接加ing,(2)以

6、不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e,再加ing，如 skate skating make making dance dancing write writing have havingride riding come coming(3)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，中間只有一個(gè)元音字母，詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing, 如： putting running beginning stopping swimming shopping joggingsitting getting forgetting letting四.時(shí)間標(biāo)志now，句前的look ,listen 一般過去時(shí)一.意義

7、:表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài).二.構(gòu)成及變化1. Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：am 和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。(was not=wasnt)are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。(were not=werent)帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。2.行為動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：肯定句 ： 主語 + 動(dòng)詞的過去式 .I watched a film last Sunday .否定句 ： 主語+ didnt + 動(dòng)詞原形.I didnt watch a film

8、last Sunday .一般疑問句：Did + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞原形 ?Did you watch a film last Sunday ? Yes, I did . No , I didnt .特殊疑問句：疑問詞+ 以did 開頭的一般疑問句 ?What did you do last Sunday ?三、時(shí)間標(biāo)志：yesterday,yesterday morning (afternoon, evening)last night (week, month, year),a moment ago , a week ago, three years ago一般將來時(shí)一.意義:表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要

9、發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來經(jīng)?；蛑貜?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。二. 構(gòu)成及變化：一般將來時(shí)常用的兩種結(jié)構(gòu)be going to+動(dòng)詞原形 : 表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事或即將發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生的事。shall/will+動(dòng)詞原形 : 表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況，沒有太多的計(jì)劃性, 還用來表示意愿1. be going to +動(dòng)詞原形1.肯定句 主語+be(am /,is,/ are) going to +動(dòng)詞原形+其它成份My sister is going to learn English next year. 我姐姐準(zhǔn)備明年學(xué)英語。2.否定句 主語+be(am / is / are)not going

10、to +動(dòng)詞原形 +其它成份I am not going to(go to)the cinema tonight. 我今天晚上不打算去看電影。3.一般疑問句 Be (am / is / are)+主語+going to+動(dòng)詞原型+其它成份?Is your father going to play basketball with you ?No , he isnt.你父親打算和你去打籃球嗎?不。4.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞(Wh-)+一般疑問句 ?Where are you going to spend Spring Fesital.? 春節(jié)你打算在哪過?5.注意: be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)后面

11、習(xí)慣上不跟 go ， come 等表位移的動(dòng)詞，一般用該動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示。如: Hes going to New York next week.下周他要去紐約.2.will /shall +動(dòng)詞原形(在書面語中，主語是第一人稱時(shí)，常用shall ,在口語中，所有人稱都可以用will)1.肯定句 主語+will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形+其它成份I (shall) write to him next week. 下周我將給他寫信。2.否定句 主語 + will /shall+ not + 動(dòng)詞原形 +其它成份They wont watch TV this evening.今天晚上他們不看電視。3

12、.一般疑問句 will/shall+主語 +動(dòng)詞原形+其它成份Will you stay at home with us tomorrow ? 明天你和我們呆在家里好嗎?4.特殊疑問句 特殊疑問詞(Wh-) +一般疑問句When will your father be back? 你爸爸什么時(shí)侯回來?三、附 :Shall I /we 常用來征求對方意見，而問對方是否愿意，或者表示客氣的邀請，常用Will you?他們的回答比較靈活。1.Shall we go to the park ?肯定Sure , lets go .否定 No , lets go to the cinema.2.Will

13、you please come to my birthday party next week ?肯定Yes, I will. / Sure .否定 Im sorry. Im afraid I cant.四、時(shí)間標(biāo)志：tomorrow , soon ,next Monday , next year , next weekend , this afternoon , this evening just now, 班級(jí)：學(xué)號(hào)：姓名：1、我是一個(gè)好孩子。2、他不高。3、我們晚上經(jīng)?？措娨暋?、蘇珊很少做家庭作業(yè)。 Seldom5、你的媽媽在醫(yī)院工作嗎？ 不是，她在工廠工作。6、他們經(jīng)常打籃球嗎？7、你

14、經(jīng)常什么時(shí)候起床？8、湯姆正在公園里跑步。9、我和爸爸不在唱歌。我們在下棋。10、你在寫信嗎？11、他們在干什么？12、我們將去天河購書中心買些書。13、媽媽將去跳舞。14、你下周六將去珠江夜游嗎？15、他們將去哪里游泳？16、你們打算國慶節(jié)去干什么？17、我們將去溜冰。 練習(xí)題：一、 用動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1. I _ (do) my homework every evening.2. We _ (fly) kites in the park on Sundays.3. My mother _ (clean) our room on Sundays.4. Tom _(play) the pia

15、no every Saturday. Now he_ (play).5. She _(like) swimming. She _ (swim) this weekend.6. Usually my mother _ (wash) the dishes after lunch. But my grandma _ (wash) today.7. Look at the man! He _ (read) a magazine.8. Look! The plane _ (fly) over the building.9. Listen! My aunt _ (sing) in the room.She

16、 is a singer. She _ (like) singing. She _(have) a music show. She is excited.10. Tom and Mike always _ (swim) in the river. They _ (swim) in the swimming pool this Sunday. Look! They _ (swim). 11. What _ you usually _ (do) in the evening? I _ (play) computer games.12. What _ you _ (do) now? I _ (mak

17、e) a paper plane.13. What _ he _ (do)? He _ (dance). 14. What _ she _ (do) yesterday? She _ (visit) her grandparents.15. _ your mother _ (read) newspaper in the morning? Yes, She _ .16. _ you _ (like) fishing? No, I _ . I like _ (swim), but my brother _ (like).17. How _ your father _ (go) to work ev

18、ery day? He _ (go) by bike. But its cold today. He _ (take) the No.21 bus, and he _ (go) to work by taxi yesterday.18. _ the monkey _ (like) climbing trees? Yes, it _ .19. What _ your father _ (do) after lunch? He _ (read) a comic book. What _ he _(do) today? He _ (clean) the kitchen for my grandma.

19、 Look! He (clean).20. _ you _ (collect) stamps? Yes. I _ . _ your brother _ (collect), too? No, he _ .二、選擇題1. _ he _ to the park at 6:30 in the morning? No,he _ .A. Does; goes; does B. Does; go; doesnt C. Does; go; does2. What colour _ you _ this bookcase? I _ it pink.A. are; going to paint; am goin

20、g to paint B. do; paint; paint C. did; paint; painted 3. Tim always _ a picture at home. He _ a car now. A. draws; is drawing B. draw; draw C. draws; draw4. She usually _ her friends. They often _ tea. A. see; drink B. sees; drinks C. sees; drink5. He usually _ the dishes at night, but tonight he _

21、clothes. A. wash; wash B.washes; is going to wash C. is washing; washes6. Mr. Green usually _ his newspaper in the evening, but he and his wife _ television yesterday evening.A.reads; watches B.reads; is going to watch C.reads; watched7. Where are the man and the woman? They _ near the tree. A. sit

22、B. sat C. are sitting8. _ your penpal _ diving? No, he _ .He _ writing stories.A. Does; like; doesnt; likes B. Does; likes; doesnt; like C. Do; like; dont; likes9. _ you _ fishing yesterday? No, we _ . A. Does; go; doesnt B. Did; go; didnt C. Do; go; dont10. Open the window, Please. Look! He _ it. A

23、. opens B. is openning C. is opening11. I usually _ some milk every day. But I _ coffee yesterday. A. drink; drank B. is drinking; drink C. drank; am drinking12. Mr. Green often _ his newspapers at night. But he _ an interesting book tonight. A. reads; reads B. reads; read C. reads; is going to read

24、13. The old man _ playing sports in the park. He _ morning exercise now. A. likes; is doing B. likes; does C. like; doing14. What _ you usually _ in the evening? I _ computer games.What _ you _ last night? I _ a book. A. do; do; play; did; do; read B. did; do; played; do; do; read C. does; do; plays

25、; do; do; am reading15. Where _ the boy _ ? He _ across the river now. A. does; swim; swims B. is; swimming; is swimming D. is; swimming; is swimming16. _ you _ to music now? Yes, we _ . A. Do; listen; do B. Did; listen; did C. Are; listening; are17. Put on you coat, please. OK. I _ it on. A. am put

26、ting B. am going to put C. put18. _ you _ coffee? Yes, I _ . A. Do; like; do B. Did; like; did C. Are; like; am19. Look! Two cats _ across the wall. A. run B. runs C. are running20. She _ tea, but he _ . A. likes; doesnt B; like; dont C. like; doesnt21. -How many _ in the tree? -There are two.A. bird are ther B. birds is ther C. birds are there D.birds are the