英語(yǔ)必修一復(fù)習(xí)4 Unit4.ppt

1、.單詞思憶 (一)基本單詞 1. vi. 爆裂；爆發(fā) n.突然破裂；爆發(fā) 2. v. 破壞；毀壞；消滅 3. v.(使)震驚；震動(dòng) n.休克；打擊；震驚 4. n.& vt.援救；營(yíng)救 5. vt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏 6. vt.使陷入困境 n.陷阱；困境 7. n.災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍 8. n.掩蔽；掩蔽處；避身處 9. n.& vt.損失；損害 10. n.事件；大事,(二)派生單詞 11. adj.極度的 adv.極其地 12. v.損害；傷害 n.受傷；傷害 adj.受傷的 13. vt.使驚嚇；嚇唬 adj.受驚的；受恐嚇的 adj.令人恐懼的 14. n.祝賀；(復(fù)數(shù))賀詞 v.祝賀 15.

2、 n.裁判員；法官 v.斷定；判斷；判決 n.判斷；判決,.短語(yǔ)回顧 1.立刻；馬上 right . 2.結(jié)束；終結(jié) an end 3.嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪 ruins 4.掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn) dig . 5.許多；大量的a (great)number . 6.評(píng)價(jià)很低；不重視think little . 7.橫穿；橫跨cut . 8.以而自豪；引以為榮be proud ,.佳句仿練 1.In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.(too.to.太以致于不能。) 他眼睛盯著地面，緊張得答不上來(lái)。 rep

3、ly，he stared at the floor. 2.It seemed as if the world was at an end！(It seems as if.看起來(lái)好像。) 會(huì)議已持續(xù)了兩個(gè)小時(shí)，看起來(lái)會(huì)議沒完沒了。 The meeting has lasted for two hours. it never ended. 3.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.(.were left without parents是“l(fā)eave賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)”的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。) 現(xiàn)在只剩

4、下她和她的兒子單獨(dú)在一起。 Now she with her son.,4.Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.(as strong as the first one屬于“as.as”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示原級(jí)比較。) 他的英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得不如你流利。 He doesnt speak English you. 5.All hope was not lost.(本句是部分否定。) 這些書并非全都受人們的歡迎。 these books popular

5、 with people. .同步語(yǔ)法 定語(yǔ)從句()(that，which，who，whose),.1.burst2.destroy3.shock4.rescue5.bury6.trap7.disaster 8.shelter9.damage10.event11.extreme；extremely12.injure； injury；injured13.frighten；frightened；frightening 14.congratualtion；congratulate15.judge；judgement .1.away2.at3.in4.out5.of6.of7.across8.of .

6、1.Too nervous to2.It seems as if3.was left alone 4.as fluently as5.All；are not,1.burst vi.(burst，burst)爆裂；爆發(fā) n.突然破裂；爆發(fā) In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.(P26)在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物的水管爆裂開來(lái)。 The police burst in and arrested the drug dealer. 警察突然闖進(jìn)來(lái)，逮捕了這名毒犯。 Upon hearing the funny stor

7、y，everybody burst into laughter/burst out laughing. 聽了這個(gè)滑稽的故事，大家都哈哈大笑。 The soldiers heard the bursts of guns in the distance. 士兵們聽到了遠(yuǎn)處的槍聲。,burst n.突然爆發(fā)；闖入 burst doing sth.突然開始做 burst into laughterburst 突然大笑起來(lái)in,into,out,out laughing,【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】用burst短語(yǔ)完成下列句子 (1)看到兒子那可笑的樣子，媽媽突然大笑起來(lái)。 Seeing her sons funny

8、look，the mother . (2)一家人正在房間里看電視，這時(shí)幾個(gè)陌生人突然破門而入。 The family were watching TV in the room . 【答案】 (1)burst out laughing/burst into laughter (2)when several strangers burst in,2.ruin n.U毀壞；毀滅；崩潰 n.C(pl.)廢墟；遺跡 v.(使)破產(chǎn)；(使)墮落；毀滅 In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.(P26) 在可怕的15秒內(nèi)，一座大城市就成為一

9、片廢墟。 .youd better get the local (當(dāng)?shù)氐?museum hours correct or you could really ruin someones vacation. 你最好確定當(dāng)?shù)夭┪镳^開放的準(zhǔn)確時(shí)間，否則你就會(huì)毀掉某個(gè)人的假日。 The ancient temple had fallen into ruin. 這座古老的廟宇已經(jīng)是破敗不堪了。 Youll ruin your chances of getting the job if you wear that shirt to the interview！你如果穿著那件襯衫去面試，你就會(huì)斷送得到這份工作

10、的機(jī)會(huì)！, ruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪 fall ruin滅亡；荒廢 bring.to ruin使毀滅；使沒落 go/come ruin毀滅；落空 ruin oneself毀掉自己 ruin ones health/fame毀壞某人的健康/名譽(yù),in,in/into,to,destroy/ruin/damage destroy只能用作動(dòng)詞，常指徹底破壞，無(wú)法修復(fù)?？捎糜谥赶Ｍ⒂?jì)劃等被毀掉；程度上指毀滅性的。 ruin主要強(qiáng)調(diào)毀滅的徹底性，是一次性的行為，即人、物毀壞到不能復(fù)存或面目全非的地步或事后此物雖存在，卻已失去其優(yōu)良的特征或特性。ruin既可作動(dòng)詞，也可作名詞，表“毀滅，破產(chǎn)”。其名

11、詞復(fù)數(shù)形式表示廢墟。 damage常指人的威信、名聲或物品的外觀、價(jià)值、用途等受到損壞，失去或降低其使用價(jià)值，即修理后還可以繼續(xù)使用。damage既可作動(dòng)詞，也可作名詞。,【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】 用ruin/destroy/damage的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1)The car was only slightly in the accident. (2)All hopes of a peaceful settlement were by his violent speech. (3)He has his health through drinking. 【答案】 (1)damaged(2)destroyed(

12、3)ruined,3.injure vt.損害；傷害 Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.(P26) 他們中有2/3在地震中傷亡。 Your words may injure her pride. 你的話也許會(huì)傷她的自尊。 The injured were taken to the hospital. 受傷者被送進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。,injured adj.受傷的 the injured傷員 injury n.傷；傷口；傷害 do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.傷害某人,injure/

13、hurt/wound/harm injure特指意外事故中造成的傷害。 hurt作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“受傷”；既可以指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上、情感上的傷害；作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“(身體某個(gè)部分)疼痛”。 wound通常指由武器造成的傷害，如刀、槍等的傷害，尤其是指在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上造成的傷害。 harm用于表示精神或肉體上的傷害均可，有時(shí)也可指引起不安或不便。還可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情。,【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】 用harm/injure/hurt/wound的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1)What really me was that he never answered my letter. (2)About

14、 50 people were seriously in the attack. (3)Two men were severely trying to save a 5yearold girl from the burning house. (4)I my eyes by reading in dimlight. 【答案】(1)hurt(2)wounded(3)injured(4)harmed,4.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隱藏；使沉浸；使專心；插入；刺入 The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bu

15、ry the dead.(P26)救援部隊(duì)組成小分隊(duì)，將受困的人們挖出來(lái)，并將死者掩埋。 Many workers were buried when there was an accident at the mine.礦上發(fā)生意外事故時(shí)，許多礦工都被埋在地下。 She was sitting with her head buried in a newspaper. 她坐著埋頭看報(bào)紙。,bury in sth.使陷入；埋頭(工作、學(xué)習(xí)) be buried (doing)sth.專心致志于某事 be buried in 在沉思中,oneself,in,thought,【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】 in thou

16、ght，the general manager didnt notice his honored guests had already arrived. A.LaidB.Buried C.Placed D.Missing 【解析】 be buried in thought意為“陷入深思”，因作狀語(yǔ)，所以只保留分詞形式buried，可替換為“Because he was buried in thought.”。 【答案】B,5.shock v.(使)震驚；震動(dòng) n.休克；打擊；震驚 People were shocked.(P26)人們驚呆了。 His death came as a great

17、 shock to us all. 他的去世對(duì)我們是個(gè)沉重打擊。 It shocked me to think how close we had come to being killed.想到我們差一點(diǎn)喪命，我就很害怕。(朗文),be shocked .對(duì)感到震驚 be shocked sth.做某事很震驚 be shocked that.對(duì)很震驚 a great shock令人震驚的人/事 shocking neaws 令人震驚的消息,at,to do,【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】 用shock的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1)The news of his death in the flood was ，and al

18、l the volunteers got at it. (2)It was a real to hear that the factory would have to close. 【答案】(1)shocking；shocked(2)shock,6.judge v.判定；判斷；判決 n.裁判員；法官；評(píng)判員 Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.(P30) 五位評(píng)委聽了你的演講，一致認(rèn)為這是今年最好的。 Schools tend

19、to be judged by the performance of their students in exams. 人們常以學(xué)生的考試成績(jī)來(lái)判斷其學(xué)校的好壞。 As far as I can judge，they are all to blame. 據(jù)我判斷，他們都有責(zé)任。,judging 從上看，根據(jù)判斷 I can judge據(jù)我判斷，我認(rèn)為 judge sb./sth.from/by.從來(lái)判斷,【溫馨提醒】judging from/by表示“從上看，根據(jù)來(lái)判斷”，用在句首時(shí)，為一個(gè)獨(dú)立成分，不受句子主語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)影響，只用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。,from/by,as far as,【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】

20、 the data，nearly half of Chinas rare earth exports went to Japan. A.Judge from B.Judging from C.Judged from D.To judge from 【解釋】 judging from/by.是固定短語(yǔ)，表示“根據(jù)來(lái)判斷”，此種固定短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，不需要與句子主語(yǔ)一致。 【答案】 B,1.right away 立刻；馬上 Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.(P25) 設(shè)想你的家開始搖晃，你必須馬上離開。

21、 I want it sent right away. 馬上把它發(fā)出去。,表示“立刻，馬上”也可用以下結(jié)構(gòu)： at once/right now/right off/immediately,【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】 Can I use your camera for a few days？ Certainly.I will not use it . A.at once B.right away C.right now D.for the moment 【解析】句意為“我目前不用”，只有for the moment目前；暫時(shí)，符合此意。 【答案】D,2.at an end終結(jié)；結(jié)束 It seemed as

22、 if the world was at an end！(P26) 似乎是世界未日了。 The long hot summer was at last at an end. 漫長(zhǎng)的酷暑終于過(guò)去了。(朗文) He rose to indicate that the conversation was at an end. 他站起來(lái)表明談話已近尾聲。,at the end of 在盡頭；在末端(指時(shí)間或空間的一個(gè)終點(diǎn)) come to an end結(jié)束 make ends meet使收支相抵；量入為出 by the end of 到結(jié)束時(shí)；到時(shí)候?yàn)橹?常與完成時(shí)態(tài)連用) bring sth.to a

23、n end使某事結(jié)束、終止 in the end最后；終于；最終 end up結(jié)束；告終,【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】 選用上述詞匯的適當(dāng)形式填空 (1)After a twomonth practice，Bob passed the test and got the driving license . (2) the meeting everyone was required to give a short speech. (3)That job yesterday，so we got a long holiday. 【答案】(1)in the end(2)At the end of(3)came to a

24、n end,3.dig out挖掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)；翻找出 Why did you dig out all these old magazines？ 你翻出這些舊雜志來(lái)干什么？ We had to dig the car out of a snow drift. 我們得把汽車從雪堆里挖出來(lái)。(朗文),dig 調(diào)查；鉆研 dig 挖出；掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)；揭露 dig ones own grave自掘墳?zāi)?；自討?The police are digging into all the old papers connected with this case. 警察正在仔細(xì)查閱與這個(gè)案件有關(guān)的所有舊文件。,into

25、,up,【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】 When he a problem he does not give up until he gets to the bottom. A.digs out B.digs into C.digs up D.digs for 【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】句意：當(dāng)他鉆研問(wèn)題時(shí)，他總是追根求源，從不放棄。題干可知B項(xiàng)“鉆研、調(diào)查問(wèn)題”符合句意。 【答案】B,4.a great number of許多；大量的 Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.(P27) 這么

26、多人死亡是因?yàn)榈卣鸢l(fā)生時(shí)他們正在睡覺。 Now a great number of college graduates are seeking to get a highpaid job.But the number of posts available for them is often not enough.如今很多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但適合他們的崗位的數(shù)量卻經(jīng)常不足。,可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 不可數(shù)名詞 ,【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】 完成句子 (1)(大量的)new students enter the school in September every year. (

27、2)(大量)damage was done in a very short time in this terrible earthquake. 【答案】(1)A great many/A large number of/Lots of/A lot of(2)A great amount of/A great deal of/a lot of/lots of/A large quantity of/large quantities of,1.It seemed as if the world was at an end！(P26) 似乎是世界末日到了！ It seems as if/as tho

28、ugh.似乎是，as if/as though引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句，從句中可用陳述語(yǔ)氣或虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 It looks as if he has been away from home for quite a few days.好像他離開家已經(jīng)有好幾天了。 Katy loves the boy very much as if he were her own son. 凱蒂非常愛這個(gè)男孩，好像他就是她自己的兒子。,as if/as though用法,He talks about Rome as if he had been there before. 他談起羅馬來(lái)似乎他曾經(jīng)去過(guò)那里。,【溫馨提醒】如果

29、as if/as though引導(dǎo)的從句是“主語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，且主、從句中主語(yǔ)相同，則可省略從句主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞，這樣as if后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞(短語(yǔ))、介詞短語(yǔ)或分詞形式。,【高考鏈接】 (2011湖南高考)Jack wasnt saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him he had done something very clever. A.as ifB.in caseC.whileD.though 【解析】句意：杰克沒說(shuō)什么，但老師向他微笑，好像他之前做的是明智之舉似的。as if“似乎是”，符合句意。 【答案】A,【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】

30、 完成句子 (1)Jack stood up(好像要說(shuō)什么). (2)The old lady treats the boy (就像他是自己的兒子似的). (3)I feel (好像發(fā)燒了). 【答案】(1)as if/though (he was going)to say something(2)as if/though he were her own son(3)as if/though I have a fever,2.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.(P26) 成

31、千上萬(wàn)的家庭被毀，許多孩子成了孤兒。 many children were left without parents為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的without parents為主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。句中的leave為使役動(dòng)詞，表示“使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài)”，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)： leave賓語(yǔ) He went out，leaving his papers lying open on the desk. 他出去了，把文件攤在桌子上。 Did you leave the doors and windows properly fastened？ 你把門窗關(guān)好了嗎？,【即時(shí)應(yīng)用】 A good stor

32、y does not necessarily have to have a happy ending，but the reader must not be left . A.unsatisfied B.unsatisfying C.to be unsatisfying D.being unsatisfied 【解釋】本題的選項(xiàng)處含有“l(fā)eave賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，分詞和不定式都可作該結(jié)構(gòu)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)；但據(jù)句意此處應(yīng)為“使某人感到不滿意的”，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞形式的形容詞unsatisfied作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。 【答案】A,The number of people who were killed or injured

33、reached more than 400,000. 死亡或受傷的人的數(shù)目超過(guò)了400,000。 本句主語(yǔ)為The number of people；謂語(yǔ)為reached；who were killed or injured為people的定語(yǔ)從句。,.單詞拼寫 1.All the failures (破壞) all Janes hopes for success. 2.If you cant keep your pet，you can give it to an animal (庇護(hù)所). 3.If your brain (判斷)the information important，it pl

34、aces it in your memory “files.” 4.Although we are suffering such a severe natural (災(zāi)難)，we will never lose heart. 5.Everyone can do something for our environment.For me，I should try to save (電) in my daily life. 6.The wildlife at night is very dangerous，so you have to be ecareful.,7.I had spent much

35、time on the work but the manager told me it was u. 8.On reaching the top of the mountain，we were sto see the view after the big fire. 9.David tried to use his left hand to work because he ihis right hand in a fire. 10.Its a good time to go hunting after it snows，because it is easier to follow the an

36、imals t. 【答案】1.destroyed2.shelter3.judges4.disaster5.electricity6.extremely7.useless8.shocked9.injured10.tracks,.完成句子 1.(他作業(yè)沒有完成)，he went to play football with his friends.(leave) 2. (他正專注于研究工作)，he didnt notice the house was on fire.(bury) 3.(根據(jù)他先前的經(jīng)歷判斷)，he has many advantages over other candidates.

37、(judge) 4.Tom raised his hand (好像要說(shuō)什么).(as if) 5.He (激動(dòng)地一句話也說(shuō)不出).(too.to.) (傳來(lái)這樣的消息讓人震驚)that he turned down our invitation.(shock).,【答案】1.Leaving his homework unfinished2.As he was burying himself in his research/Buried in his research 3.Judging from his previous experiences4.as if (he was going) to

38、 say something5.was too excited to say a word 6.It came as a shock,.語(yǔ)法專練適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空 1.All we need for the party have been prepared well. 2.The earthquake happened suddenly， made many people die. 3.Jim told me lots of interesting things and persons he had seen abroad. 4.The first bus we got on ran quic

39、kly. 5.I met a friend of mine in the street， had just come back from the USA. 6.My grandparents live in the room door faces north. 【答案】1.that2.which3.that4.that5.who6.whose,.教材活用 用本單元的詞匯或句式完成下面的短文(每空不超過(guò)三個(gè)單詞) On the afternoon of April 14,2010，the whole nation are 1. . by a strong earthquake that happ

40、ened in Yushu，Qinghai.At 414，a frightening shaking burst out in this area 2. the whole world was at an end.Soon，a great number of buildings fell down，3. many schools，factories and government offices.Many towns had almost lay 4.More worse，thousands of people lost their lives，and many people were 5. i

41、n the fallen buildings，including many school students.Roads as well as highways were seriously damaged，and the local 6. and communication were all cut off.So many deaths and the great loss the quake caused has left the whole Chinese nation in deep sorrow.,The conditions of the great 7.came just as a

42、n order.The central government called on the PLA men，armed policemen and firefighters to take part in the 8. right away.The most important was to save the possible survivors.Soon，lucky people were dug out one after another from the fallen buildings.Doctors and nurses from home and abroad were helpin

43、g the 9.They were sent to better hospitals where they could be well taken care of.At the same time，the whole nation started to take actions.Thousands of volunteers came to help the victims.They did all kinds of work to reduce their 10.With their help，things in the disaster area are getting better. 【

44、答案】1.shocked2.as if3.destroying4.in ruins 5.trapped6.electricity7.disaster8.rescue9.injured 10.suffering,(二)描寫事件類記敘文,記敘文的考查中描寫事件的占有很大比重。此類題型往往要求考生根據(jù)試卷中提供的情景，組織語(yǔ)言材料，編寫成文。具體要注意以下幾點(diǎn)： 1.交代清楚人物(who/whom)，時(shí)間(when)，地點(diǎn)(where)，事由(what)。 2.按照故事或者事件發(fā)生的先后順序依次描述。 3.層次分明，有條有理。 記述時(shí)，要有開頭、正文及結(jié)尾。有時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)幾個(gè)人或幾件事，一件事往往要涉及到

45、相關(guān)的次要事情；有時(shí)一件大事中還包括小事，這就要對(duì)記述的事情做出分析，分清主線和副線，圍繞主線安排副線。 4.詳略得當(dāng)，主次適宜。 記述事情時(shí)，要注意主題鮮明突出，清楚具體，內(nèi)容感人深刻。對(duì)于中心事件和最能表現(xiàn)出中心思想的地方，要詳細(xì)敘述，次要的東西，就少些或不寫。,請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)的提示，報(bào)道一起交通事故，詞數(shù)120左右。 時(shí)間：昨天下午1點(diǎn)左右。 地點(diǎn)：市中心廣場(chǎng)附近的十字路口。 原因：出租車司機(jī)酒后駕駛，頭痛；雨天路滑，沒有注意到迎面開來(lái)的公共汽車。 結(jié)果：兩車相撞，出租車司機(jī)當(dāng)場(chǎng)死亡。公共汽車上多人嚴(yán)重受傷，被立刻送往第一人民醫(yī)院。市區(qū)交通中斷一個(gè)多小時(shí)。 啟示：杜絕酒后駕車，珍愛生命。,學(xué)生練筆 A severe traffic accident which happened at about 1：00 pm yesterday at the crossing near the Center Square of the city.A taxi knocked into a bus.The taxi driver was killed，and many pa