中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總(全)經(jīng)典1

1、點(diǎn) _中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總( 全) 經(jīng)典 1一、初三英語(yǔ)閱讀理解（含答案詳細(xì)解析）1閱讀理解Radio and television are very popular in the world today. Millions of people watch TV. Perhapsmore people listen to the radio.The TV, of course, is more useful than the radio. On TV you can see and hear what is happeningin the world.Now the radio is n

2、ot disappearing. Its still with us. And the number of listeners is becominglarger. One reason for this is the invention of the transistor（晶體管） radio. The transistor radiois sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry. You can put one in your pocket and listen to it on the bus when you go to work.

3、 It is better for blind people. Many old people dont have good sight（視力） to watch TV. When people are working ， they cant watch TV but they can listen tomusic or news over the radio. Whats more ， the radio is much cheaper than the TV.（1） After the television was invented ， people _.A. think it is un

4、necessary to use the radioB. dont want to use the radio any moreC. are still using the radioD. find the radio is disappearing（ 2） One of the reasons for the larger number of listeners of the radio is that _.A. the TV was invented B. the transistor radio was invented C. people dont like watching TV D

5、. millions of people watch TV（ 3） _ listen to the radio more because their sight isnt good enough.A. ChildrenB. Young peopleC. Old peopleD. Adults（ 4） Usually _ can be used easily while people are moving or working.A. the radioB. the TVC. both the TV and the radioD. neither the radio nor the TV【答案】

6、（ 1） C（ 2） B（ 3） C（ 4） A【解析】 【分析】大意：本文講述收音機(jī)和電視機(jī)在世界上的很受歡迎，電視與收音機(jī)比，電視更有用，然而收音機(jī)由于體積小便宜，便于攜帶，聽眾也越來(lái)越多，深受老年人喜愛。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) Perhaps more people listen to the radio. 可知，電視發(fā)明后，人們依然使用收音機(jī)，故選 C。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)One reason for this is the invention of the transistor（晶體管） radio. 可知，收音機(jī)聽眾的數(shù)量更多其中一個(gè)原因是晶體管收音機(jī)被發(fā)明，故選B。（ 3）推斷題。

7、根據(jù)Many old people dont have good sight（視力） to watch TV. 可知，老年人由于視力不好聽廣播的人更多，故選C。（ 4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) When people are working ， they cant watch TV but they can listen tomusic or news over the radio. 可知，通常人們移動(dòng)或者工作時(shí)可以聽收音機(jī)，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)題和推斷題是閱讀理解題中?？碱}型。細(xì)節(jié)題需要從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。2閱讀理解Its hard to turn do

8、wn a tasty banana. They taste good and you dont have to wash them before eating them. However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.One reason for this is climate （氣候） change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected data（數(shù)據(jù)） from 27 countries and regions that produce

9、86 percent of the worlds bananas. They found that climate change has improved growing conditions in 21 of these countries. In the past 60 years, the average yield （平均產(chǎn)量） has reached 1.37 tons of bananas per hectare （公頃） .However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the

10、 countries, including India, the worlds biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out.Shouldnt bananas grow more easily if its hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature range for growing bananas is between 24 and 32 C. If temperatures get too high, th

11、ey will stop growing.Diseases are another danger to bananas. Unlike other crops, the bananas we grow come from shoot cuttings （莖段） rather than seeds. This means that all banana plants have the same genotype （基因型） . In other words, if a disease is able to kill one plant, it could kill them all.One se

12、rious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus（真菌） in the soil, it spreads easily. It has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana plantation （種植園） suffers from the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again. Scientists have yet to

13、find a cure for this disease.（ 1） What does the underlined word this in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Peoples love for bananas.B. The taste of bananas.C. The convenience of eating bananas.D. The future disappearance of bananas.（ 2） What might happen if temperatures keep going higher?（3） What does Paragrap

14、h 5 tell us?A. What diseases bananas may suffer from.B. How bananas are grown.C. How diseases can easily kill bananas.D. Which diseases can kill bananas.（4） The passage is written to _.A. offer tips for growing bananasB. explain why bananas may die outC. show the difficulties of growing bananasD. de

15、scribe bananas growing conditions【答案】 （ 1） D（2） C（3） C（ 4） B【解析】 【分析】主要講了香蕉可能消失的原因。（ 1）推斷題。根據(jù)前句 However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050. 可知介紹了香蕉可能消失的原因，所以this 代指香蕉消失，故選D。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries,

16、 including India, the worlds biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewerbananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out 可知溫度持續(xù)上升，香蕉將更少，最終可能消失，即不能生長(zhǎng)，故選 C。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) Diseases are another danger to bananas. 可知疾病是香蕉的另一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)，即疾病是怎樣殺死香蕉的，故選C。（ 4）主旨題。根據(jù)全文可知主要講了香蕉可能消失的原因，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注

17、意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3閱讀理解Confidence is very important in daily life. It is helpful to develop a healthy attitude.If people are more confident, they are much happier. And they can have more chances to be successful. Here are some suggestions to be more confident.Speak

18、loudly! When you are not confident, you cant do what you want to do well. You speak in a voice so low that other people can hardly hear you. Try to speak loudly in order that people can hear you clearly. The high voice can help you become more confident.Play sports! Physical exercise makes you tired

19、 but completely relaxed. A strong body helps you full of confidence.Encourage yourself! Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. Give yourself praise for the good things youve done.Keep a hobby! If you like drawing, draw as much as you can. In som

20、e ways, a hobby can make you perfect. And it will make you happy and confident.（ 1） What does It mean in the first paragraph?A. Attitude.B. Confidence.C. Happiness.D. Sadness.（ 2）can make you perfect, happy and confident.A. A hobbyB. SportsC. EncouragementD. Labour（ 3） What can make you tired but st

21、rong according to the passage?A. Travel.B. Exercise.C. Hobbies.D. Reading.（ 4） Which suggestion is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Speak loudly.B. Encourage yourself.C. Make progress.D. Keep a hobby.【答案】 （ 1） B（ 2） A（ 3） B（ 4） C【解析】 【分析】大意 :本文講述信心的重要性，就如何提高信心給出了一些建議。（ 1）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù) Confidence is very i

22、mportant in daily life. It is helpful to develop ahealthyattitude. 可知，信心在日常生活中很重要，它對(duì)發(fā)展健康的態(tài)度很有益。it在此處指代 confidence ，信心，故選B。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) a hobby can make you perfect. And it will make you happy and confident.可知，愛好可以是你完美，it 會(huì)使你開心自信，故選A。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Physical exercise makes you tired but completelyrelaxed.A s

23、trong bodyhelps you full of confidence. 可知，體育鍛煉使你累但是強(qiáng)壯，故選B。（ 4）細(xì)節(jié)題。文章提到了 Speak loudly!Play sports! Encourage yourself!Keep a hobby! 但是沒提到 Make progress ，故選 C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解能力，細(xì)節(jié)題和詞義猜測(cè)題是閱讀理解題中常考題型。細(xì)節(jié)題要從文中尋找答案；詞句猜測(cè)題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推出詞句的意思。4閱讀理解Great changes have taken place in family life because of science and i

24、ndustry （工業(yè)） . In the past, when most Americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. In a farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. Usually, uncles and aunts lived nearby.But when industry became more important than agriculture in American life, families

25、 became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and move again whenever necessary. And large families cannot move from place to place as smaller families. So, at present people tend to have smaller families.In the future, because of industrialization, a

26、typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. The typical family may remain childless and consist only of a man and a woman. A small number of families may take raising children as their chief work. At the same time they may also raise other peop

27、les children, leaving those families free to move from job to job.（ 1） Which of the following topics is discussed in the passage? A. The development of science and industry in America.B. The influence of science and industry on American families. C. Harmful effect of industrialization.D. Social prob

28、lems resulting from the highly-developed science and industry in America.（ 2） What kinds of families are described in the passage?A. Families of the past and the present.B. Families of the present and the future.C. Families of the past and the future.D. Families of the past, the present and the futu

29、re.（ 3） What is one of the reasons that families are getting smaller in America?A. Children tend to leave their parents and grandparents when they grow up.B. People stop caring for children.C. The need for workers who are able to move at any time has been increasing.D. Both old and young people pref

30、er to live by themselves.（4） What can you infer from the passage?A. Science and industry have caused thousands of families to split （破裂） .B. Children do not live with their parents or grandparents.C. Large families can hardly survive in modern society.D. Americans are very choosy about their jobs.【答

31、案】 （ 1） B（ 2） D（ 3） C（ 4） C【解析】 【分析】文章大意：由于工業(yè)的發(fā)展，家庭也受到了影響，原來(lái)的家庭孩子多，而現(xiàn)在的家庭孩子少，由于工業(yè)的發(fā)展家庭會(huì)總是搬動(dòng)，有的家庭只有一個(gè)孩子或者沒有孩子。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Great changes have taken place in family life because ofscience and industry（工業(yè)） . 可知家庭受到了科學(xué)和工業(yè)發(fā)展的影響，故答案是B。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，短文涉及到了過(guò)去的家庭，現(xiàn)在的家庭和將來(lái)的家庭，故答案是 D。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù) In the fu

32、ture, because of industrialization, a typical family will berequired to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller.可知對(duì)于工人們能夠隨時(shí)搬動(dòng)的需求，所以家庭變得原來(lái)越小，故答案是C。（ 4）邏輯推理題，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，工人們可能會(huì)隨時(shí)要搬家，大的家庭就沒有這樣的便捷，所以大家庭就不適于生存在現(xiàn)代的社會(huì)，故答案是C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和邏輯推理題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題可以直接從文中尋找答案；邏輯推理題需要結(jié)合具體語(yǔ)境，由已知內(nèi)

33、容推出未知的可能的事實(shí)。5閱讀理解I live on the twelfth floor of a building. One afternoon I was coming home from a friends house.It was just after four oclock. I got quickly into the lift and pressed Button（按鈕） 13.The lift started to go up, but very slowly. And then, halfway up, it suddenly stopped between two floo

34、rs. I couldnt understand it. I pressed all the buttons from 1 to 14.I called for help very loudly. But nobody answered.Then suddenly the lights went out, and I was alone in the dark. I started to cry and beat the walls of the lift. I cried and cried until I had no voice left. Then, I felt hopeless,

35、and pressed all the buttons with my hands. And at the same time, there was a bell far away. It rang and rang. It was the fire alarm. I thought the whole building was on fire. I said to God quietly, Just get me out of here. Ill never be bad again.Just then, I realized the lift was moving very slowly.

36、 On the ground floor it stopped, and thedoor opened. A man was standing there. How long have you been there? It is good that you pressed the alarm bell. But havent you learned to read at your school? He pointed at a small piece of paper on the wall beside the lift. It said:Attention: This lift will

37、be stopped for repairs between 4 p.m. and 5p.m. on Thursday, March 13.（ 1） What happened to the lift?A. It had a fire accident.B. It stopped halfway.C. It was turned off by the writer.D. It moved fast up to the top floor.（2） As the situation went on, the writer became.A. more and more scaredB. calme

38、r and calmerC. more and more boredD. clearer and clearer（ 3） Why did a bell ring from far away?A. The lift was to start again.B. The repair worker rang the fire alarm.C. The building was on fire.D. The writer pressed the fire alarm bell.（ 4） Who most probably made the lift move again and go down to

39、the ground floor?A. The writer.B. The writers friend.C. The man.D. The writers father.【答案】 （ 1） B（ 2） A（ 3） D（ 4） C【解析】 【分析】主要講了作者從朋友家里回家時(shí)遇見電梯因?yàn)樾蘩聿荒苁褂?，作者起初不知道，最終被困電梯。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) And then, halfway up, it suddenly stopped between two floors. 可知電梯上到半路就停止了，故選 B。（ 2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)I cried and cried until I had no

40、voice left. Then, I felt hopeless可知作者喊叫直到?jīng)]有聲音，作者感到無(wú)望的，所以作者感到越來(lái)越害怕，故選A。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) And at the same time, there was a bell far away. It rang and rang. It was thefire alarm. 可知作者按到了火災(zāi)報(bào)警器，故選D。（ 4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) On the ground floor it stopped, and the door opened. A man was standingthere. 可知男士最有可能讓電梯再次移動(dòng)，故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】

41、考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。6閱讀理解When you think of a museum, I bet you dont think of a place where children run around. Butthe Science Museum is different. Its noisy!You can get to the Science Museum by going on the London Underground from Waterloo onthe Jubilee Line to Westminster. Then take the Cir

42、cle or the District Line to South Kensington.When you walk out, take a look around you, and you should see it.What to bring: at least two bottles of drinks for the kids and f 10 to spend in the cafes. Entranceis free!The most interesting and exciting part of coming here is to go to the kids area, th

43、e Launch Padon the 3rd floor. At busy times, you may have to wait in line, but staff（工作人員）will providescience toys for you and the kids to play with. It isgreat fun there. And if you love science, itshould indulge （滿足）you as you willlearn aboutscience in a fun way. There are alsosimulators （模擬裝置）on

44、the 3rd floor, so think of Floor 3 as a fun floor.If you want to learn about the museum, then go to the ground floor. They have some things which will interest you.Over all, its a fun experience for the kids and you may enjoy it too. Its also free to get in!（ 1） How is the Science Museum different f

45、rom other museums?A. Its big.B. Its free.C. Its busy.D. Its noisy.（ 2） Paragraph 2 is mainly about _.A. how to get to the Science MuseumB. when to visit the Science MuseumC. what to bring to the Science MuseumD. how to plan a trip to the Science Museum（ 3） You can _ at the Launch Pad.A. buy your fav

46、ourite drinkB. get some science toys for freeC. learn about science in a fun wayD. learn the history of the Science Museum（ 4） What do the underlined words Over all mean in Chinese?A. 另外B總.之C因.此D相.反（ 5） The passage is most probably _.A. a storyB. a piece of newsC. a reviewD. an advertisement【答案】 （ 1

47、） D（ 2） A（ 3） C（ 4） B（ 5） C【解析】 【分析】大意：本文介紹怎樣去科學(xué)博物館及科學(xué)博物館里面的一些好玩的地方，如第三樓的航天器等發(fā)射平臺(tái)，有許多模擬裝置。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) But the Science Museum is different.Its noisy! 可知，科學(xué)博物館很吵，故選 D。（ 2）段落大意題。第二段主要介紹怎樣去科學(xué)博物館，故選A。（ 3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) it should indulge （滿足） you as you will learn about science in a fun way.可知，你可以在發(fā)射平臺(tái)用一種有趣的方式了解科學(xué)

48、，故選C。（ 4）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù) Over all, its a fun experience for the kids and you may enjoy it too. Itsalso free to get in! 可知，總之，它是孩子進(jìn)行有趣體驗(yàn)的好去處，你可能也會(huì)喜歡它。進(jìn)去是免費(fèi)的。本段是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)，推出over all 的意思是 “總之 ”，故選 B。（ 5）推斷題。這篇文章介紹科學(xué)博物館，結(jié)合等可知，這篇文章可能是一篇評(píng)論，故選C。Over all, its a fun experience for the kids等【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，首先通讀全文，了解全文大意，其次分

49、析問(wèn)題，抓住問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵詞，在文中尋找相關(guān)信息，確定答案，最后再檢查一遍，確保答案正確。7閱讀理解Esperanza lives in a poor Latino（拉丁美洲的）neighbourhoodin Chicago, America. Shedreams of having her own house one day. Her parents told her that when they moved from theirlast house, they would have a new and shiny （亮閃閃的）house. But the house is small and

50、old.Many people live in Mango Street, in a big old house, Esperanza lives behind it with her family.A lot of the people who have come from Mexico dont speak English. Many miss their home country. Esperanza understands their sadness, but she also feels at home in America. She is an American, but her

51、roots （根） will always be Latino.Esperanza is young. Like her friends, she has to grow up fast. She is stuck between being a girland being a woman. In the poor and dangerous area where she lives, this is difficultfor her.Mexican people usually live in a close neighbourhood. This means that people liv

52、e packed（擠塞的） in together. Everyone knows everyone else. So Esperanza knows other older girls that dothings she is not comfortable doing. It is just a fact of her life.But Esperanza has good friends too. She becomes friends with two sisters named Lucy and Rachel. They ride bikes and have adventures

53、（冒險(xiǎn)） together. Esperanza is also friends with a girl named Alicia. Alicia is afraid of the rats in her apartment. She shares her poems with Esperanza.（ 1） What is RIGHT about Esperanza?（ 2） Where does Esperanza live?（ 3） We can infer from the text that _.（ 4） What does the word stuck in the third pa

54、ragraph mean?A. hard to agreeB. hard to believeC. hard to moveD. hard to have a correct idea（ 5） The passage is mainly a simple introduction to _.A. a persons experienceB. a persons friendsC. a place named Mango StreetD. love and sadness from Mango Street【答案】 （ 1） A（ 2） B（ 3） A（ 4） C（ 5） A【解析】 【分析】主要講了 Esperanza 住在美國(guó)芝加哥一個(gè)貧窮的拉丁美洲街區(qū)，房子又小又舊，及其危險(xiǎn)困難的生活。（ 1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) So Esperanza knows other older girls that do things she is not comfortabledoing.可知 Esperanza 不喜歡其他女孩做的不舒