冀教版初一英語(上)期末復習要點講解

1、【期末復習要點講解】 一、詞匯復習 1. 詞型變化 a. 名詞復數 在詞尾直接加-s。 mapmaps, kitekites, monthmonths teacherteachers, 以s, x, o, ch, sh結尾的詞，在詞尾加-es. classclasses, boxboxes, tomatotomatoes potatopotatoes, matchmatches, dishdishes 但photophotos, pianopianos 以“輔音字母+y”結尾的單詞，需將y改為i，再加-es。 familyfamilies, factoryfactories , storyst

2、ories 以f或fe結尾的詞，需將f或fe變?yōu)関，再加-es。 knifeknives, leafleaves, 不規(guī)則變化： childchildren, footfeet, toothteeth, manmen, womanwomen, b. 動詞的第三人稱單數形式。 動詞的第三人稱單數形式的詞型變化與名詞復數形式基本相同。例如： playplays, gogoes, dodoes, dressdresses, watchwatches, brushbrushes, washwashes, flyflies, trytries, havehas, 2. 代詞： a. 要熟記各人稱的代詞的

3、各種形式，見下表。b. 形容詞性物主代詞只能作定語，因此其后一定有名詞；名詞性物主代詞相當于一個名詞，其后不會有名詞。 例如：Your book is on the desk , mine is in my bag . c. some 和any，既可修飾可數名詞，又可以修飾不可數名詞，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑問句。 He has some story books , but he doesnt have any picture books . There is some milk in the glass . Are there any chairs in the classr

4、oom ? 3. 介詞 我們主要復習一下介詞in, on, at在表示時間時的用法上的區(qū)別： in常用在年、月、季節(jié)之前，例如： in 1996, in summer, in June , 或用來泛指在上午，在下午，在晚上。 in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening on用來表示某一天，或某天的上午/下午/晚上，例如： on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning. on the night of October 1st . at用來表示時刻，例如：at 6:30 at 7:00 4. 名詞所有格 “

5、s”通常表示所屬關系，與名詞一起構成名詞所有格，我們學了下列幾種情況： a. 單數名詞后加-s，例如： Marys father, my sisters room . b. 兩個或兩個以上的名詞，只加一個“-s”，例如： Jack and Jims room , Mr. and Mrs. Carters house c. 復數名詞后只加“”，例如： the teachers office, students reading - room . d. 如復數名詞不是加-s構成的，則仍加“-s”例a childrens book, Womens Day 5. 短語： 記憶短語是英語初學者一件重要而有

6、趣的任務，而養(yǎng)成用短語造句的習慣更是一種好的學習方法，請你試一試，我們可以把本冊課文中學過的短語分為四大類：名詞短語、介詞短語、（表語）形容詞短語和動詞短語，分別舉例如下： 名詞短語： swimming pool , classroom building , Beijing opera, a pocket - recorder 介詞短語： at Beijing No.19 Middle School , on Friday, against the wall, （表語）形容詞短語 be good at, be interested in, be / get ready to do , be l

7、ate for 動詞短語 have lessons , collect stamps , do shopping , help sb with sth, take care of , drive sb to.二、重要語法復習 一般現(xiàn)在時 1.一般現(xiàn)在時主要由動詞原形表示，但第三人稱單數后要加-s，另外be和have有特殊的人格形式，下面列表說明。行為動詞 動詞to be 動詞to have（有）I workYou workHe/She/It works.We workYou workThey work I am (Im).You are(Youre).He/She/It isWe are(We

8、re).You are(Youre).They are(Theyre). I have.You have.He/She/It hasWe have.You have.They have. 2當主語是第三人稱單數時行為動詞形式的幾種變化。 3一般現(xiàn)在時的否定式。 動詞have（有）的否定式和疑問式有兩種方式構成，英國人用have(has)后加not；把have，has提到主語前來構成否定式和疑問式。美國人用在動詞前加dont，doesnt；do和does放在句首構成否定式和疑問式。 如果have不是表示有的意思，則都用助動詞do，does來構成否定式和疑問式。另外英國人口語常以have(has)

9、got代替have(has)；其否定式常以havent got 代替have not ，hasnt got 代替has not 4一般現(xiàn)在時的疑問式及簡略回答。行為動詞 動詞to be 動詞to haveDo I work?Yes，you doNo，you do not(dont)Do you work?Yes，I doNo，I do not(dont)Does he/she/it work?Yes，he/she/it doesNo，he/she/it does not(doesnt)Do we work?Yes，we/you doNo，we/you do not(dont)Do you wo

10、rk?Yes，we doNo，we do not(dont)Do they work?Yes，they doNo，they do not(dont) Am I.？Yes，you areNo，you are not(youre not或you arent)Are you.?Yes，I amNo，I am not(Im not)Is he/she/it.?Yes，he/she/it isNo，he/she/it is not(hes/shes its not)Are we.?Yes，we/you areNo，we/you arent(we/you arent. were/youre not)Are

11、 you.?Yes，we areNo，we are not(arent/were not)Are they.?Yes，they are not(arent/theyre not) Have I.?Yes，you haveNo，you have not(havent)Have you.?Yes，I haveNo，I have not(havent)Has he/she/it hasYes，he/she/it hasNo，he/she/it has not(hasnt)Have we.?Yes，we/you haveNo，we/you have not(havent)Have you.?Yes，t

12、hey haveNo，they have notDo I have.?Yes，you doNo，you do not(dont)Do you have.?Yes，I doNo，I do not(dont)Does he/she/it have.?yes，he/she/it doesNo，he/she/it does not(doesnt)Do we have.?Yes，we/you doNo，We/you do not(dont)Do they have.?Yes，they doNo，they do not(dont) 5一般現(xiàn)在時的基本用法。 1) 經常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻度的時間狀

13、語連用。 時間狀語： every, at, on Sunday， every day，once a week（每周一次），often（經常，往往）usually（通常），always（總是），seldom（很少），sometimes（有時） I leave home for school at 7 every morning. He is thirteen She is at work I get up at six every day How do you usually come to school？ I usually come to school by bike ，but I walk

14、 sometimes In the evening I often watch TV，but sometimes I read I always get to school very early 2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. The sun rises in the east （太陽從東方升起。） Whats two and three？Its five The moon moves round the earth （月亮圍著地球轉。） Light t

15、ravels faster than sound （光比聲速度快。） 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。 Actions speak louder than words （行動勝過言辭。） （格言） 注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 4) 現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。 I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak

16、well. She likes apples They speak English John works very hard 比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時，用于操作演示或指導說明的示范性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時。 5）一般現(xiàn)在時的其他用法。 （A）在時間、條件狀語從句中表示將來的動作。

17、例如： If you jump a queue，the people will not be pleased I will tell him as soon as he comes back When they leave school，they will go back to their hometown （他們畢業(yè)后將回到家鄉(xiāng)去。） （B）表示安排或計劃好的將來的動作（只限于某些表示來、去、動、停、開始、終于、繼續(xù)等的動詞，如go，come，leave，start等）。例如： The train starts at ten oclock im the morning （火車將于上午十點鐘開

18、出。） Supper is at five today （今天五點開飯。） When does the Japanese youth delegation leave for Yanan？ （日本青年代表團什么時候到延安去？） （C）引用書籍報刊或其作者時，一般須用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如： The story describes how a young scientist develops a new theory （故事描寫一個青年科學家如何建立了一個新的理論。） （D）主句中的謂語動詞如是過去時態(tài)，其賓語從句的謂語動詞一般也須用過去時態(tài)，但賓語從句如說的是客觀真理，它的謂語動詞仍須用一般現(xiàn)在時。

19、例如： Galileo insisted that the earth moves round the sun 伽利略堅持地球繞太陽運行的說法。 （E）圖片說明，電影說明，故事重述，戲劇的舞臺說明以及報紙上的標題和故事的題目也常用一般現(xiàn)在時。小說一般用過去時態(tài)，但為了描寫生動，也往往用一般現(xiàn)在時和其他現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 （F）在某些常用句子中表示在一個具體的現(xiàn)在時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)（即不是經常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)）。例如： Here he comes 他來了。（注意here必須在句首） There goes the bell 鈴響了。（注意there必須在句首） What time is i

20、t now？ 現(xiàn)在是幾點鐘了？【期中模擬試題】一、單詞拼寫：根據句意和首字母提示完成句中所缺單詞(10分) 1Im thirsty. I would like a cold d_. 2How about g_ to Paris for a holiday? 3Girls like r_ stories by Qiong Yao. 4The New Year Festival f_ at the Lantern Festival after two weeks. 5Juice and water are h_ drinks. 6I am from China. I can speak C_. 7

21、Chocolate is unhealthy, but its my f_ food. 8My mum works in a hospital. She is a d_. 9Its 12:00. I usually have l_ at school. 10The k_ comes from Australia. Its Australian.二、單項填空(15分) 1Tom can _ many things Adoes Bdoing Cdo Dto do 2How many _ like Chinese action movies？ Apeople Bpeoples Cpeople are

22、 Dpeoples are 3They _ go to school _ Saturday Adont；on Bdoesnt；on Carent；in Dnot；in 4Tom cant play the guitar very _ Amuch Bwell Cgood Dnice 5_ is behind Tuesday ASunday BMonday CWednesday DThursday 6Can you _ French？ Atalk Bspeak Csay Dtell 7Lily is _ American school girl Aa Bthe Can D 8_ does your

23、 father go to work？ At 720 AWhat time BWhat CHow DWhere 9Do Chinese like watching TV？ _ AYes，he do BNo，they arent CYes，they do DNo，they cant 10_is the boy from？ Hes from America AWhich BHow CWhere DWhat 11What do you do _ Sunday morning？ Aon Bat Cof Din 12Young people in the room _ watching TV Ais B

24、are Chave Ddo 13She has a ruler，_ its too small Aand Bso Cbut Dshe 14Its interesting to play _ Athe drum Bthe drums Cdrum Ddrums 15Its _ Sunday today_ girl is at home，I think Aa；A Ba；The C；A D；The三、根據答句內容，用以wh-開頭的正確的疑問詞填空(5分) 1_ time do you get up on Sunday？ At seven ten 2_ do you have for breakfast

25、？ A pizza(比薩餅)and fruit salad 3_ are you going there？ Next week(下周) 4_ do you like this moive？ Because its fun 5_ is your school？ Next to the factory(工廠)四、用所給動詞的適當形式填空(5分) 1The small boy _ (clean) the window every day 2He _ (have)a shower before breakfast 3He usually _ (get)up at 700 4Its fiveLets _

26、 (play) football 5Mum，I want _ (put)these things in the box五、按要求轉換句型，每空一詞(15分) 1He takes a shower and makes his breakfast(改為一般疑問句) _ he _ a shower and _ his breakfast？ 2Which is your favorite subject？Chinese？math？(改為選擇疑問句) Is your favorite subject，_ _ _？ 3Can I help you？(改寫同義句) _ can I _ for you？ 4J

27、anes birthday is Jan1st(就劃線部分提問) _ is _ birthday？ 5I want to have a shower(變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧? _ _ _ _ have a shower？ 6I can sing English songs？(就劃線部分提問) _ _ _ _？ 7I go to bed at nine oclock every evening(就劃線部分提問) _ _ _ _ go to bed every evening？ 8MrsGreen lives in London(就劃線部分提問) _ _ in London？ 9She can speak

28、 both English and French(就劃線部分提問) _ _ _ she speak？ 10My math teacher is Mrwang(就劃線部分提問) _ _ your math teacher？ 11My pen pal often writes to me(就劃線部分提問) _ _ your pen pal often _？ 12The Greens come from the US(就劃線部分提問) _ _ the Greens _ _？ 13My brother is 12(就劃線部分提問) _ _ is your brother？ 14Want，join，cl

29、ub，I，to，the，music(連詞成句) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15I like action movies best because its really exciting(就劃線部分提問) _ _ _ like action movies best？六、從B欄中找出A欄各句的適當答語(10分) A ( )1Do you do your homework every day？ ( )2Whats your favorite sport？ ( )3What time is it？ ( )4Where do you live？ ( )5，What color are the pant

30、s？ ( )6What can you see in Picture 1？ ( )7Can I help you？ ( )8How much is the shorts？ ( )9How do you spell“please”？ ( )10Whats in the box？BANothing BP-L-E-A-S-E CTen yuan DYes，Please EI can see some birds in it FIts six oclock GYes，I do HPlaying baseball IIn Beijing JThey are blue 七、先通讀下列對話，在理解的基礎上，

31、填上所缺單詞，使語句通順(15分) Wang Wei： 1 me，whats the time， 2 ？ Liang Yan：Its.Oh dear！My watch is lost Wang Wei：What？Is it 3 your bag？ Liang Yan：Oh，let me have a look.It isnt here Wang Wei：Is it at home？ Liang Yan：I 4 think so Wang Wei：Dont worryI think I can 5 youIs it new 6 old？ Liabg Yan：Its new Wang Wei：Wh

32、at 7 is it？ Liang Yan：Its blue Wang Wei：Lets look for(尋找) it in the classroomI think its there Liang Yan：May be its not there (A moment later) Jiang Tao：Whose(誰的)is this 8 ？ Wang Wei： 9 it new？ Jiang Tao：Yes，and its blue Wang Wei：I think its Liang YansLets ask her Jiang Tao：Hi，is this 10 watch？ Wang

33、 Wei：Let me 11 a lookOh，yes Jiang Tao： 12 you are Liang Yan：Thank 13 Wang Wei：Dont thank meThank Jiang Tao Liang Yan：Thank you 14 much，Jiang Tao Jiang Tao：Youre 15 八、完形填空(10分) Today is 1 birthday in ChinaMany friends come to his homeHe thanks them for 2 They brings a lot of presents for himYingyings

34、 mother cooks 3 Chinese food for themJim is very happyIn the USA，Jim often 4 hamburgers，F(xiàn)rench fries and cokeHere 5 knows something about China and he likes Chinese food very muchHis favorite fruit is 6 He likes to have milk，eggs for breakfast very mach 7 ，he has no time to go home for lunch，so he h

35、as it at school 8 supper he often has fish，vegetables and fruitSometimes he goes out to eat with his 9 friendsHe 10 meat at allHe wants to be thin1AJims first Bfirst Jims CJims the first DJim first 2Acome Bto come Ccoming Dcomes 3Aa lot Bmany Ca lot of Da few 4Aeats Bdrinks Chas Dhave 5Ait Bhe Cthey

36、 Dshe 6Astrawberries Btea Ctomato Deggs 7AIn the evening BAt noon CIn the morning DIn the afternoon 8AFor BWith CIn DTo 9Aa Chinese BChineses CChinese DChina 10Adoesnt like Bnot like Cdont like Ddoesnt likes 九、閱讀理解(5分) It is a fine Saturday morningLily and Lucy get up at six thirtyThey want to go th

37、e Great Wall with their motherAt seven fifty they are in a big bus to the Great WallThere are forty people in itSome of them are Americans；some are EnglishThere are two Chinese in the bus，tooOne is a womanShe is driving the busThe other is a young manHes now talking about the Great Wall in EnglishTh

38、ey are listening to himAt about nine oclock they get to the Great Wall 1Lily and Lucy want to go to the Great Wall _ Ain a fine day Bon Sunday morning Con Saturday morning Din a cloudy morning 2There are _ English people in the bus Aforty Btwo Csome Dfew 3The young Chinese man is _ Adriving the bus

39、Btalking to the people Clistening to him Ddoing nothing 4They get to the Great Wall at about _ Anine oclock Bseven fifty Cten oclock Deight oclock 5There are two _ in the bus AAmericans BEnglish girls CChinese DJapanese girls十、書面表達(10分) 根據下面提示寫一篇短文，要求60個詞左右，大小寫、標點符號使用正確，語句通順。姓 名 Bob Scott 國 籍 澳大利亞 職

40、 業(yè) 英語教師 工作單位 北京四中 愛 好 踢足球、游泳；身體健康 家 庭 妻子Helen，醫(yī)生，一個兒子和一個女兒在本校讀書 Bob Scott _期末綜合復習1. 詢問年齡及回答1）how old詢問某人的年齡，可以譯為“幾歲了，多大了？2）詢問年齡時，要注意主謂一致。 例如： How old is your mother? 你的媽媽多大了？ How old am I? 我多大了？3）詢問年齡，還可以用age這個詞。 例如： Whats her age?= How old is she? 她多大了？ 回答 -Im thirteen years old. 我13歲。 1）這是回答年齡的方法，

41、還可以回答：Im 13。 2）years是year（年，歲）的復數，注意一歲的表達方法：He is one year old. year要用單數。 3）類似的說法還有：The baby is ten months old. 那個小孩有10個月大。2. 1）family可以表示“家庭”，謂語動詞應該用單數。 例如： My family is big. 我家很大。2）family還可以表示“家人，家庭成員”，謂語動詞應該用復數。 例如： My family are playing. 我們一家人在玩兒。3）class可以表示“班級”，為單數。 例如： Class 1 is a good class.

42、 4）class可以表示“同學們”，為復數。 例如： Good morning, class. 3. 介詞of的用法1）of表示所屬關系，常翻譯為“的”，一般用于無生命的事物。 例如： the wall of the room 房間的墻 a map of China 中國地圖2）以前所學的表示所屬關系的s，一般用于有生命的事物。 例如： Marys mother4. talk用法小結 1) talk about 表示“談論”。 例如： Were talking about the weather. 我們在談論天氣。 2）talk to / with 表示“和交談”。 例如： My mother

43、 is talking with my teacher. 我的媽媽正在和老師交談。5. 一家人的表達法 1）the + 姓氏 +family = the + 姓氏復數，表示“某某一家人”。 例如： the Green family = the Greens Green 一家人 2）其后的謂語動詞用復數。 例如： The Greens are going to England. Green一家人要去英國。6. 節(jié)日用法小結 1）當朋友親人過生日時，應該說“Happy birthday!”。2）當別人祝賀你生日快樂時，你應該說“Thank you”。3）當祝賀其他節(jié)日時，我們也可以用“Happy

44、+節(jié)日”來表示。 例如： Happy TeachersDay!教師節(jié)快樂！ Happy new year!新年快樂！4）如果祝賀是大家都過的節(jié)日時，回答應是“The same to you!”。 例如： -Happy new year! -The same to you. 同樣也祝你新年快樂。5）本冊書中所出現(xiàn)得其他節(jié)日： Spring Festival 春節(jié) Childrens Day 兒童節(jié) International WorkersDay 勞動節(jié) National Day 國慶節(jié)7. 現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)a) 現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)：表示現(xiàn)在（說話的瞬間）正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。b) 現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)構成：be

45、 + v-ing (動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞) be（am, is, are）隨著主語的變化而變化。c) 現(xiàn)在分詞的構成：a. 在動詞原形后加ing構成。 例如： read reading playplayingb. 以不發(fā)音的字母e結尾的動詞，先去掉e在加ing. 例如： taketaking makemakingc. 以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的動詞，且末尾只有一個輔音字母，應雙寫最后的字母，再加ing。 例如： runrunning sit -sitting8. 方位介詞小結 1）Above表示“在某物的上方，但不和物體表面接觸?！?）on表示“在某物的上面，和物體接觸”。 例如： The picture

46、is above the bed. 這張畫在床上方。（畫和床不接觸） The picture is on the wall. 這張畫在墻上。（畫和墻接觸）3）below表示“在下面”，其反義詞為above。4）under表示“垂直下方”。 例如： The football is under the desk. 足球在桌子底下。5）beside表示“在旁邊”，near也是“在旁邊”，near比beside遠，指附近，而beside則是緊挨著的意思。 例如： My teacher lives near our school. 我的老師住在學校附近。 My car is beside yours. 我的車在你的車旁。9. 表示“該做某事了”有兩種句型： Its time for + 名詞 或者 Its time to do + 動詞。 例如： 該吃晚飯了。 Its time for supper. = Its time to have supper. 該回家了。 Its time for home. = Its time to go home. 如果表示“某人