高中英語 Module 4 A Social Survey-My NeighbourhoodSection Ⅲ Grammar-現(xiàn)在完成時教學案 外研版必修1

1、Module 4 A Social Survey-My NeighbourhoodSection Grammar-現(xiàn)在完成時語法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)Its been six years since we last saw each other, you know.And this is the first time Ive visited your hometown.Ive seen quite a lot of China and Ive visited some beautiful cities.But this is one of the most attractive places Ive b

2、een to.Theyve put up a lot of highrise buildings recently.My wifes just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there.Xiao Li has lived in Xiamen all his life.The family have lived in the town for twenty years.Up to now, Ive understood everything the teacher said.He has gone to the Great Wall

3、.我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)現(xiàn)在完成時的構成是：have/has過去分詞。(2)由例句可知，現(xiàn)在完成時可與 since 引導的時間狀語從句連用。(3)由例句可知，現(xiàn)在完成時可與時間狀語recently,_just, all his life, for_twenty_years,_up_to_now 連用。(4)由例句可知，have/has_been_to 表示“曾經(jīng)去過(某地)”；have/has_gone_to 表示“已經(jīng)去了(某地)，去而未歸”。一、現(xiàn)在完成時的基本概念現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作發(fā)生在過去，強調過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響?，F(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在有關，屬于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。二、現(xiàn)在完成時的構成肯定句主語have/

4、has過去分詞.否定句主語have/has not過去分詞.疑問句Have/Has主語過去分詞.？被動句主語have/has been過去分詞.即時演練1按要求改寫句子They have built another hospital in the area.They havent_built another hospital in the area.(否定句)Have_they_built another hospital in the area？(疑問句)Another hospital has_been_built by them in the area.(被動句)三、現(xiàn)在完成時的基本用法

5、1“完成用法”：表示動作在說話時已經(jīng)完成(可不指出動作發(fā)生的確切時間)，但對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生某種后果或影響。常與ever, recently, before, so far, up to now, till now, in the past years, these days等時間狀語連用。Tom has made much progress in his learning of Chinese.湯姆在漢語學習方面取得了很大的進步。Have you ever been to the West Lake?你曾經(jīng)去過西湖嗎？2“未完成用法”：表示動作發(fā)生在過去，并且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至還可能繼續(xù)下去，這時

6、常和“since點時間狀語(名詞、短語、從句)”或“for段時間狀語”連用。We have lived here since 1994.自1994年以來我們一直住在這里。I have taught in this school for 30 years.我在這所學校任教了30年。3在條件、時間狀語從句中表示將來完成的動作。I wont believe it until I have seen it with my own eyes.直到我親眼見到才相信。He will come as soon as he has finished his work.他一做完工作就會來。即時演練2(1)選詞填空

7、：for, sinceMy aunt has worked in Australia for 15 years.Margaret is in her office. She has been there since 7 oclock.Mike has been ill for a long time. He has been in hospital since October.(2)翻譯句子你在這里住了多少年了？How_many_years_have_you_lived_here?吉姆已做完作業(yè)，他現(xiàn)在有空了。Jim_has_finished_his_homework_already._He_

8、is_free_now.直到公交車停下了才能下車。Dont_get_off_the_bus_until_it_has_stopped.我們已在這兒逗留了3個星期。Weve_stayed_here_for_three_weeks.四、現(xiàn)在完成時難點突破1現(xiàn)在完成時與瞬時性動詞瞬時性動詞也可以有現(xiàn)在完成時，但是不可以與表示時間段的時間狀語連用；必須與表示時間段的狀語連用時，要用相應的延續(xù)性動詞來代替。即時演練3單句改錯Lucy has arrived here for five days.arrivedbeenHe has borrowed the book for two years.borro

9、wedkeptThey have made friends since they went to college.madebeen2現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時強調對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結果，落腳點在現(xiàn)在一般過去時著重說明動作發(fā)生在過去，強調動作本身，落腳點在過去We have visited the school.我們參觀過這所學校。(說明現(xiàn)在對這所學校有所了解)We visited the school last week.我們上周參觀了這所學校。(只說明上周參觀學校這個動作)She has lived in Paris for twenty years.她在巴黎住了20年了。

10、(可能剛搬走，還可能繼續(xù)住下去)She lived in Paris for twenty years.她在巴黎住了20年。(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里住了)即時演練4(1)用所給詞的適當形式填空He received (receive) a letter from his mother yesterday.Shanghai was (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it has_become (become) a large city.I have_taught (teach) here for fifteen years.You speak v

11、ery good French!Thanks. I studied (study) French in Sichuan University for four years. (2)對比翻譯她在這所學校任教20年了。(可能剛調走，還可能繼續(xù)教下去)She_has_taught_in_this_school_for_twenty_years.她曾在這所學校任教20年。(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里任教了)She_taught_in_this_school_for_twenty_years.3現(xiàn)在完成時的三種常用句型(1)It is/has been 一段時間since .It is/has been seve

12、n years since Tom started learning English.湯姆學習英語已經(jīng)有七年時間了。(2)This/It is the first/second/. time (that) sb. have done sth.“這是某人第一/二/次做某事”。Its the first time (that) the boy has spoken to a foreigner.這是這個男孩第一次同外國人說話。(3)在“This/That/It is the 形容詞最高級名詞that從句”結構中，that從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。This is the best film that I

13、ve ever seen.這是我看過的最好的電影。.單句語法填空1Mr Li is not at home. He has_gone (go) to Shanghai.2This is the first time that she has_visited (visit) the Great Wall.3The three of us traveled (travel) around Europe for about a month last summer.4This is the most interesting party that I have_enjoyed (enjoy)5A lec

14、ture on the computer has_been_given (give) three times by Mr. Zhang already.6The unemployment rate in this district has_fallen (fall) from 6% to 5% in the past two years.7Miss Green taught (teach) us English last year. She has_taught (teach) us for about 2 years.8Mr. Brown has_made (make) a lot of f

15、riends since he came (come) to work in New York two years ago.9He joined (join) the army two years ago. In other words, he has_been (be) a soldier for two years.10Have you seen (see) my dictionary?Yes, I saw (see) it on your bed yesterday.完成句子1We have_been_friends since we were_very_young.我們從很小的時候就是

16、好朋友。2Over the years, we have_developed_a_good_friendship with each other.最近幾年，我們已經(jīng)互相培養(yǎng)了良好的友誼。3We have_learned_2,000_English_words so far.到目前為止，我們已學了2 000個英語單詞了。4It is the first time this year that he hasnt_worked on a Saturday.這是今年他第一次在周六不上班。5He has_lived_in_the_city for three years, and he has_made

17、_a_lot_of_new_friends.他在這個城市住了三年了，并且交了許多新朋友。6We havent_decided when to discuss the problem again.我們尚未決定什么時候再討論這個問題。7He left_his_hometown five years ago and no one has_seen_him ever since.他五年前離開了家鄉(xiāng)，從此之后沒有人見過他。8Whatever the result is, we should accept it with a smile, because we have_tried_our_best. 無

18、論結果怎樣，我們都要微笑著接受，因為我們已經(jīng)盡了全力。.短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。Here are the information about Manchester University. It is about 200 miles away