神經(jīng)外科英文詞匯

1、1、 神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)解剖生理單詞音標(biāo)釋義diaphragma sallaedafrm s:l鞍膈dorsal thalamusd:rsl lms背側(cè)丘腦brachial plexusbrekrlplkss臂叢limbic system lmbksstm邊緣系統(tǒng)limbic lobe lmbklob 邊緣葉fasciculus gracilisfskjlsgrsls薄束gracicle nucleusgrslnjukls薄束核lateral ventricleltrlvntrkl側(cè)腦室terochlear nucleustrklr車神經(jīng)核ulnar nervelnn:rv尺神經(jīng)cerebrumsri:

2、brm大腦，腦組織Cerebal arterialcirclesribrlrtrils:rkl大腦動脈環(huán)posterior cerebral arteryp:strisri:brl:rtri大腦后動脈internal cerebral veinsnt:rnlven大腦內(nèi)靜脈cerebral cortexk:rteks大腦皮質(zhì)anteriorcerebral arteryntri(r)大腦前動脈cerebrocerebellum serbroserbelm大腦小腦middle cerebral artery midl大腦中動脈insula nsjl島葉subthalamussblems底丘腦sa

3、cral plexus sekrlplkss骶叢third ventriclevntrkl第三腦室fourth ventricle 第四腦室ectospinal tracttektspnltrkt頂蓋脊髓束pretectal areapri:tektl頂蓋前區(qū)parietal lobepratllob頂葉oculomotor nucleus kjlmot動眼神經(jīng)accessory nucleus of oculomotor kssrikjlmot動眼神經(jīng)副核oculomotor nucleus動眼神經(jīng)核lentiform nucleuslentf:m 豆?fàn)詈藅elencephalon tele

4、nsefln端腦frontal lobefrntl:額葉parasympathetic nerveprsmpetk副交感神經(jīng)accessory nerve kssri副神經(jīng)accessory nueleus 副神經(jīng)核radiculomedullaryrdkjlmdlr 根髓動脈femoral nerve femrl股神經(jīng)chorda tympanik:dtmpn鼓索hippocampal formation hpkmpl海馬結(jié)構(gòu)parahippocampal gyrusp:r:pokmpldars海馬旁回cavernous sinuskvrnssans海綿竇Substantia nigrasb

5、stn黑質(zhì)rngrRed nucleus紅核Rubrospinal tractrju:brspnltrkt紅核脊髓束Posterior communicating arteryp:stri后交通動脈metathalamusmetlms后丘腦Posterior funiculusfju:nkjls后索Trochlear nervetrklr滑車神經(jīng)Basilar sinusbslsans基底竇Basilar artery基底動脈Basal nucleibesl, -zl基底核Spinal nervespanl脊神經(jīng)Posterior Spinal artery脊髓后動脈Anterior Spin

6、al artery脊髓前動脈Spinothalamic tractspanlmi:k脊髓丘腦束spinocerebellumspanosrbelm脊髓小腦Posterior spinocerebellar tractspanosrbel脊髓小腦后束Anterior spinocerebellar tract脊髓小腦前束diencephalondaensefln間腦Sympathetic trunksmptktrk交感干Sympathetic nerve交感神經(jīng)Cervical plexuss:rvkl頸叢Interinalcarotid arterykrtd頸內(nèi)動脈Cervical enlar

7、gementnl:rdmnt頸膨大Tibial nervetbrl脛神經(jīng)paleocerebellunpeli:oserbelm舊小腦Commissural fiberskmrlfab連合纖維Association fiberssoien聯(lián)絡(luò)纖維Cauda equinakad馬尾Vagus nervevegs迷走神經(jīng)Dorsal nucleus of Vagus nerved:rsl迷走神經(jīng)背核Facial nervefel面神經(jīng)nucleus of Facial nerve面神經(jīng)核Brain stembrenstm腦干Reticular formation of the brain stem

8、rtkjlf:rmen腦干網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)spanlflud腦脊液Meningeal sinusmnndrlsans腦膜竇ponspnz腦橋Cerebral arachnoid materrknd腦蛛網(wǎng)膜Medial lemniscusmi:dillemnsks內(nèi)側(cè)丘系Medial geniculate bodydnkjlt內(nèi)側(cè)膝狀體Medial longitudinal fasciculusl:ndtu:dnlfskjls內(nèi)側(cè)縱束Internal capsulekpsul內(nèi)囊Visceral motor nervevsrlmot(r)內(nèi)臟運動神經(jīng)

9、Temporal lobetemprl額葉Corticonuclear tractk:tknu:kli(r)皮質(zhì)核束Corticospinal tractk:tkspnl皮質(zhì)脊髓束Corpus callosumk:rpsk:losm胼胝體claustrumkl:strm屏狀核Anterior funiculusfju:nkjls前索Vestibular nervevestbjl前庭神經(jīng)Vestibulospinal tractvestbjlospan前庭脊髓束lVestibular nuclei前庭神經(jīng)核Vestibulocochlear nervevestbjlokoklrr前庭蝸神經(jīng)Ves

10、tibulocerebellumvestbjlosrbelm前庭小腦Commissure of fornixkmrf:nks穹窿連和thalamuslms丘腦Radial nerveredil橈神經(jīng)Flocculonodular lobeflkjlondjl(r)絨球小結(jié)葉Pia materpa, pi軟腦膜Trigeminal lemniscustrademnllemnsks三叉丘系Trigeminal nerve三叉神經(jīng)Motor nucleus of Trigeminal nervemot(r)三叉神經(jīng)運動核Mesencephalic nucleus of Trigeminal nerv

11、emesensflk三叉神經(jīng)中腦核Superior olivary nucleuslver上橄欖核Maxillary nervemkslr上頜神經(jīng)epithalamuseplms上丘腦Ascending reticular activating system，ARASsndrtkjlktvet上行網(wǎng)狀激動系統(tǒng)Hypoglossal nervehapglsl舌下神經(jīng)Hypoglossal nucleus舌下神經(jīng)核Glossopharyngeal nerveglsofrndrl舌咽神經(jīng)Optic chiasma:ptkkazm視交叉Supraoptic nucleussju:prptk視上核Opt

12、ic nerve視神經(jīng)Paraventricular nucleusp:rventrkjl視旁核Pineal bodypani:l松果體Projection fibersprdkn投射纖維Lateral lemniscusltrl外側(cè)丘系Lateral funiculusfju:nkjls外側(cè)索Lateral geniculate bodydnkjlt外側(cè)膝狀體Reticulospinal tractrtkjlspanl網(wǎng)狀脊髓束Caudate nucleusk:det尾狀核Corpus striatumk:rpsstretm紋狀體Cochlear nervekklr蝸神經(jīng)Cochlear n

13、uclei蝸神經(jīng)核Infeiior olivary nucleusnfri(r)lver下橄欖核Mandibular nervemndbjl下頜神經(jīng)hypothalamushapolms下丘腦cerebellumserbel小腦Cerebellar hemisphereserbelmhemsfr小腦半球Tonsil of cerebellumt:nsl小腦扁桃體Cerebellar nuclei小腦核Cerebellar cortexk:rteks小腦皮質(zhì)vermisv:ms小腦蚓Fasciculus cuneatusfskjls楔束Cuneate nucleuskju:nt楔束核neocer

14、ebellumni,serbelm新小腦Amygdaloid bodymgdld杏仁體Olfactory brain:lfktri嗅腦Olfactory nerve嗅神經(jīng)Medulla oblongatamdlbl:t延髓Ophthalmic nerve眼神經(jīng)Lumbar plexuslmb(r)plkss腰叢Lunbosacral enlargementlmbosekrl腰骶膨大Axillary nervekslr腋神經(jīng)Saphenous nervesfi:ns隱神經(jīng)Cerebral dura materdjr硬腦膜archicerebellum:rkserbelm原小腦Abducent n

15、ervebdju:snt展神經(jīng)Abducens nucleusbdju:snz展神經(jīng)核Occipital lobeksptl枕葉Median nerve正中神經(jīng)mesencephalonmesensefln中腦Central canalsntrlknl中央管Postcentral gyruspostsentrldars中央后回Precentral gyrusprsentrl中央前回Vertebral arteryv:tibrl椎動脈Pyramidal tractprmdl錐體束Autonomic berve:tnmk自主神經(jīng)Sciatic nervesatk坐骨神經(jīng)2、 腦水腫、腦疝、腦死亡b

16、rain edemadi:m腦水腫Intracranial pressure，ICPntrkrenrlpr顱內(nèi)壓ionic brain edemaa:nk離子性腦水腫Hydrocephalic brain edemahadroseflk腦積水性腦水腫Brain herniah:rni腦疝Cerebral deathd腦死亡Ischemic cerebral edemaski:mk缺血性腦水腫Osmotic brain edemazmtk滲透壓性腦水腫papilledemappldi:m視乳頭水腫Water channel protein，aquaporin，AQPproti:nkwprn水通道

17、蛋白Cytotoxic brain edemasattksk細胞毒性腦水中Vasogenic brain edema血管源性腦水腫Subfalcial herniationsbfsrlh:nen大腦鐮下疝Transtentorial herniation小腦幕切跡疝Upward Transtentorial herniationpwrd小腦幕切跡上升疝3、 神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)查體Proprioceptive sensationsproprrseptvsnsen本體感覺Patellar clonusptelklns髕陣攣Brudzinski sign布魯金斯基征gaitset步態(tài)Tactile tktl觸

18、覺Cluster headache，CHklsthdek叢集性頭痛Hemicrania hemkrenr偏頭痛Hemicrania simplexsmpleks單純性偏頭痛Hemicrania epilepsiaeplepsr癲癇性偏頭痛orientation:rinten定向力Light reflexesriflks對光反射Sweat testswt發(fā)汗試驗Episodic tension headacheeps:dktnn發(fā)作性緊張性頭痛reflexesriflks反射Beat-back testbit反擊征試驗Near reactionnr輻輳反射Combined sensationkm

19、bandsnsen復(fù)合感覺Abdominal reflexbd:mnl腹壁反射Sensory conduction Velocity，SCVsnsrikndknvl:sti感覺神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度Sensory system感覺系統(tǒng)Sensory aurar感覺先兆Gait of sensory ataxiatksi感覺性共濟失調(diào)性步態(tài)sensory aphasiafe 感覺性失語Anal reflexenl肛門反射Gowers maneuvermnuv, -nju-高娃試驗Achilles reflexkliz跟反射Heel-to-shin testhiln跟膝脛反射Biceps reflexbas

20、ps肱二頭肌反射Triceps reflextrasps肱三頭肌反射ataxiatksi共濟失調(diào)Ataxic gaitstksk共濟失調(diào)步態(tài)coordinationko:rdne共濟運動ndysarthriads:ri:構(gòu)音障礙Ankle clonuskl踝陣攣Circumduction gaitskmdkn環(huán)行步態(tài)comakom昏迷stuporstu:p(r)昏睡狀態(tài)Marital history & Menstrual historymrtlmnstrul婚育史與月經(jīng)史Dystrophic gaitdstrofk肌營養(yǎng)不良步態(tài)Muscle tonemslton肌張力Basilar arte

21、ry migraine基底動脈偏頭痛Immediate recallmiditrkl即刻記憶calculationklkjlen計算力memorymmri記憶力History of past illnesslns既往史Secondary headacheseknderi繼發(fā)性頭痛Familial hemiplegic Migraine，F(xiàn)HMfmljlhempli:dkmagren家族性偏癱性偏頭痛Consensual light knsenrl間接對光反射reflexScissors gaitszrz剪刀步態(tài)Corneal reflexk:nrl角膜反射Tension headachetnn

22、緊張性頭痛Recent memoryrisnt近記憶Neck-tongue syndromenkt頸-舌綜合征Spastic gaitsspstk痙攣步態(tài)Resting tremorsresttrm靜止性震顫Spastic paralysisprlss痙攣性癱瘓Giant cell arteritisdant:trats巨細胞動脈炎Kernig sign克尼格征Steppage gaitst:pd跨閾步態(tài)Supraorbital neuralgiasu:pr:btlnrld眶上神經(jīng)痛Cortical spreading depressiondprn擴散性大腦皮質(zhì)抑制Benign paroxys

23、mal vertigobnanprkszmlv:rtgo良性發(fā)作性眩暈Two-point discriminationdskrmnen兩點辨別覺Romberg sign羅姆伯格征Twilight statetwalat朦朧狀態(tài)Nominal aphasian:mnl命名性失語Meningeal irritationmnndrlrten腦膜刺激征Cerebrovascular diseaseserbrovskjl腦血管病Torsion spasmt:rnspzm扭轉(zhuǎn)痙攣Snout reflexsnat努嘴反射dermatographiad:mtgrfr皮膚劃痕癥hemiballismushemb

24、lzms偏身投擲Migraine equivalentsyndromeskwvlnt偏頭痛等位癥Superficial reflexsu:prfl淺反射Superficial sensation淺感覺Grasp reflexgrsp強握反射Tactile sensationtktl輕觸覺Decerebrate rigiditydi:serbretrddti去皮質(zhì)強直Brachiradialis reflexbretrredrls橈骨膜反射Deep reflex深反射Deep sensation深感覺Physiological reflexesfzildkl生理反射baragnosisbrnos

25、s失辯重能dyslexiadslksi失讀癥Agraphiarfr失寫癥stereognosisstergnoss實體覺astereognosissteri:onoss實體覺缺失Visual auravulr視覺先兆Visual acuitykjuti視敏度Visual fieldsfild視野somnolences:mnlns嗜睡狀態(tài)athetosisetoss手足徐動Pilomotor responsepalomotrsp:ns豎毛反應(yīng)Accommodation reflexk:mden調(diào)節(jié)反射Cremasteric reflexkrem:strk提睪反射Postural testsp:s

26、trl體位性試驗mydriasismdrass瞳孔散大mioticmatk瞳孔縮小Painful ophthalmoplegiapenflflmpli:dr痛性眼肌麻痹headache頭痛dizzinessdzns頭暈graphesthesiar:fesi:zr圖形覺graphanesthesiarfenesi:zr圖形覺缺失Temperature sensationtemprt(r)溫度覺Migraine without aura，MO無先兆偏頭痛Choreic movementsk:ri:kmu:vmnts舞蹈樣運動Suck reflexsk吸吮反射Patellar reflexptel膝反射Jaw-jeck reflexd下頜反射Migraine with aura，MA先兆偏頭痛Aura symptoms先兆癥狀History of present