英美文學theIslesofG-PPT課件

1、George Gordon Byron (1788-1824),Poem Appreciation,The Isles of Greece,The Isles of Greece,1 The isles of Greece! the isles of Greece! Where burning Sappho loved and sung, Where grew the arts of war and peace, Where Delos rose, and Phoebus sprung! Eternal summer gilds them yet, But all, except their

2、sun, is set. (Sappho: Greek lyric poet Delos: a name of island; Phoebus: Appollo),Question 1,What does Greece mean to Europeans? Greek civilization is the fountainhead of the European culture.,Question 2,Allusions are frequently used in this poem. Try to interpret the function of allusions in the st

3、anza. burning Sappho the arts of war and peace Phoebus to set a sharp contrast between the past and the present of Greece. “but all, except the sun, is set”,2 The Scian and the Teian muse, The heros harp, the lovers lute, Have found the fame your shores refuse; Their place of birth alone is mute To

4、sounds which echo further west Than your sires Islands of the Blest.“ (Scian: of Scio, birthplace of Homer; Teian: of Teos, birthplace of Anacreon),Analysis of stanza 2,allusion: The Scian and the Teian muse synecdoche: The heros harp, the lovers lute glorious in the past while refusing the fame and

5、 being mute to the sounds at present.,3,The mountains look on Marathon - And Marathon looks on the sea; And musing there an hour alone, I dreamd that Greece might still be free For, standing on the Persians grave, I could not deem myself a slave.,Question 2,Whats the significance of Marathon in this

6、 stanza? allusion: war of Marathon, Greeks won victory over Persian troops but now, on Persians grave, Greeks turn into slave and were chained.,4,A king sate on the rocky brow Which looks oer sea-born Salamis; And ships by thousands lay below, And men in nationsall were his! He counted them at break

7、 of day, And when the sun set where were they? King: Persian king Allusion: martial war at Salamis to indicate the past glorious time,5,And where are they? And where art thou, My country? On thy voiceless shore The heroic lay is tuneless now The heroic bosom beats no more! And must thy lyre, so long

8、 divine, Degenerate into hands like mine? Encouragement and advocacy to point out the degeneration of the country,6,Tis something in the dearth of fame, Though linkd among a fetterd race, To feel at least a patriots shame, Even as I sing, suffuse my face. For what is left the poet here? For Greeks a

9、 blushfor Greece a tear. (dearth: lack of),7,Must we but weep oer days more blest? Must we but blush?Our fathers bled. Earth! Render back from out thy breast A remnant of our Spartan dead! Of the three hundred grant but three, To make a new Thermopylae! (render: present),Question 3-4,Whats the speci

10、al effect in the line of “must we but blush?Our fathers bled”? Whats the connotation of allusion of Thermopyloe?,8,What, silent still? and silent all? Ah! no;the voices of the dead Sound like a distant torrents fall, And answer, Let one living head, But one arise,we come, we come! Tis but the living

11、 who are dumb.,Question 5-6,What are the main methods the poet uses to awaken contemporary Greek? abundant allusions sharp contrasts Do the methods work? How do you know? move on to stanza 9,9,In vainin vain: strike other chords; Fill high the cup with Samian wine! Leave battles to the Turkish horde

12、s, And shed the blood of Scios vine! Hark! rising to the ignoble call How answers each bold Bacchanal! (chords: tunes) (ignoble call: call for drinking wine),Question 7-8-9,Why dose the poet want to strike another chords? the previous methods are “in vain” What kind of chord does he choose from the

13、9th stanza? fill high the cup and drink wine How does the poet evaluate his method in this stanza? ignoble call,10,You have the Pyrrhic dance as yet; Where is the Pyrrhic phalanx gone? Of two such lessons, why forget The nobler and the manlier one? You have the letters Cadmus gave Think ye he meant

14、them for a slave? (Pyrrhic Pyrrhus dance: a kind of dance during wartime) (Pyrrhic phalanx: 步兵方陣),11,Fill high the bowl with Samian wine! We will not think of themes like these! It made Anacreons song divine: He servedbut served Polycrates A tyrant; but our masters then Were still, at least, our cou

15、ntrymen. (themes: topics),12,The tyrant of the Chersonese Was freedoms best and bravest friend; That tyrant was Miltiades! O that the present hour would lend Another despot of the kind! Such chains as his were sure to bind. (to bind: to control),Question 11,What does the poet hope for in stanza 12?

16、to have a powerful national king with high hand to re-unity the country.,13,Fill high the bowl with Samian wine! On Sulis rock, and Pargas shore, Exists the remnant of a line Such as the Doric mothers bore; And there, perhaps, some seed is sown, The Heracleidan blood might own. (Dorians built Sparta

17、) (Heracleidan: of Hercules),14,Trust not for freedom to the Franks They have a king who buys and sells; In native swords and native ranks The only hope of courage dwells: But Turkish force and Latin fraud Would break your shield, however broad. (Franks: the Europeans) (Latin fraud: refers to Europe

18、ans),15,Fill high the bowl with Samian wine! Our virgins dance beneath the shade I see their glorious black eyes shine; But gazing on each glowing maid, My own the burning tear-drop laves, To think such breasts must suckle slaves. (lave: wash),16,Place me on Suniums marbled steep, Where nothing, sav

19、e the waves and I, May hear our mutual murmurs sweep; There, swan-like, let me sing and die: A land of slaves shall neer be mine Dash down yon cup of Samian wine! (the Swan of Avon: Shakespeare) (samian: of Samos),Question 12,What kind of tone is conveyed in the last stanza? sad, melancholy,Question

20、 13,Whats the theme of the poem? calling for freedom and independence calling for revolts against tyranny,Question 14,What is Byronic hero? Byrons chief contribution to English poetry. Such a hero is a proud, rebellious figure of noble origin. Passionate and powerful, he is to right all the wrongs i

21、n a corrupt society, and he would fight single-handedly against all the misdoings. Thus this figure is a rebellious individual against outworn social systems and conventions.,Byronic heroes: heroic of noble birth passionaterebelliousindividual,Byron at his death bed,Question 15,What is ottava rima?

22、a form of verse stanza consisting of eight lines rhyming abababcc, usually employed for narrative verses but sometimes used in lyric poems. Originally it was pioneered by Boccaccio in the 14th century and was introduced into English by Thomas Wyatt in the 16th century.,Reflections and summary writin

23、g Compare Byron with Wordsworth and then state the differences between the elder and younger generation of British Romanticists.,Poem Appreciation,She walks in beauty,1 She walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies; And all thats best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect

24、and her eyes: Thus mellowd to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies.,她走在美的光影里，如夜空一般， 皎潔無云，星光燦爛， 白晝黑夜的色澤精粹， 在她的玉容秋波里交匯， 凝聚成一片柔雅情調， 濃艷的白晝也無法從上蒼得到。,2,One shade the more, one ray the less, Had half impaired the nameless grace Which waves in every raven tress, Or softly lightens oer her face

25、; Where thoughts serenely sweet express How pure, how dear their dwelling place.,多一道陰影，少一抹光暈， 都會令她失卻難言的風韻， 美涌動于她的每一縷秀發(fā)， 溫柔地映照著她的臉頰， 甜蜜而安詳?shù)乃季w在表達， 哦，那思想的寓所純潔而高雅。,3,And on that cheek, and oer that brow, So soft, so calm, yet eloquent; The smiles that win, the tints that glow, But tell of the days in go

26、odness spent, A mind at peace with all below, A heart whose love is innocent!,那面容，那眉宇， 溫柔，安詳，似蘊涵千言萬語， 那醉人的微笑，那生輝的容顏， 訴說著她在溫馨中度過的芳年， 寧靜的心境能容下人間萬象， 圣潔的心靈里珍藏著愛的瓊漿。,It was written in 1814, collected in the book Hebrew Melodies. It was inspired by Mrs. Wilmot, Byrons cousin, when he saw her wearing a spangled dress. 宋玉在登徒子好色賦中寫道：“增之一分太長， 減之一份太短，施朱則太赤，著粉則太白”； “One shade the more, one ray the less,” 拜倫巧妙運用繪畫技巧，栩栩如生地塑造了一個 美麗動人的女性形象。她不僅外表明麗可人，而且還態(tài)濃意 遠，胸境寬闊，心靈純潔。,When we two parted 昔日依依惜別， In silence and tears, 淚流默默無言； Half broken-hearted 離恨