(完整版)定語(yǔ)從句講解總結(jié),推薦文檔

1、定語(yǔ)從句講解一定語(yǔ)從句1. 注意英漢差異：漢語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)無(wú)論多長(zhǎng)都放在被修飾詞的前面，而英語(yǔ)中的定語(yǔ)則不然，是一個(gè)詞時(shí)，放在被修飾詞的前面，如 ： .a beautiful girl.a lovely boy是兩個(gè)以上的詞組、短語(yǔ)或從句則放在被修飾詞的后面，如： .she is the girl in red. 她就是穿紅衣的女孩。.the lady carried a bag full of money. 那位女士背了個(gè)裝滿(mǎn)錢(qián)的包。.he is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的人。2. 分清主句與從句，看究竟哪個(gè)句子缺少成分。如上面第 5： 主句：

2、he is the man從句：who you are looking for在從句中，looking for 的賓語(yǔ)是 the man.因此選用關(guān)系代詞 who(whom)放置于句首，便是定語(yǔ)從句。3.從句中做賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞可以省略，故第 5 題可以寫(xiě)成：he is the man you are looking for.二定語(yǔ)從句（從句部分）1、功能：相當(dāng)于形容詞，修飾名詞或代詞，在句中作定語(yǔ)2、位置：定語(yǔ)從句置于被修飾詞之后those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞稱(chēng)為先行詞（1）

3、 先行詞一般是名詞和不定代詞，如:some-, any-, every-和 no 與-boy, -thing 的合成詞；或 all、none、any、some、that、those 等代詞。數(shù)詞也可以作先行詞，人稱(chēng)代詞也同樣可作先行詞。（2） 先行詞與關(guān)系詞是等量關(guān)系。必須注意兩點(diǎn)：先行詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由先行詞而定。this is the place which is worth visiting.關(guān)系詞在從句句子中充當(dāng)了成分，其意思就是先行詞的意義，所以在從句中不能重復(fù)其意。there are many places we can visit（them）in china.

4、4、關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的都稱(chēng)關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞：which, that, who, whom, whose, as。關(guān)系副詞：when, where, why。that 偶爾也作關(guān)系副詞。5、確定關(guān)系詞的步驟（1） 先找關(guān)系詞，看先行詞指的是什么。（2） 看關(guān)系詞在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?。一關(guān)系代詞 which 的用法先行詞格主格所有格賓格事、物、動(dòng)物whichwhose=of whichwhich1. english is a language.it is spoken all over the world.= english is a language which is spoken all o

5、ver the world. 英語(yǔ)是世界各地都在使用的語(yǔ)言。2. he looked for a car.the engine of the car was in good condition.=he looked for a car the engine of which was in good condition.3. where is the parcel?we received it this morning.= where is the parcel (which) we received this morning?今天早上我們收到的包裹在哪里？二關(guān)系代詞 that 的用法先行詞格主

6、格所有格賓格人、物、動(dòng)物thatwhosethat1. he s in love with a girl that/who has red hair. 他正和一位紅發(fā)女孩談戀愛(ài)。2. baseball is the sport that/ which most boys like. 棒球是大多數(shù)男孩喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)。三注意 that/ which 區(qū)別：在定語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)，下列情況的關(guān)系詞宜用 that 而不用 which、1、先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾1. today is the coldest day (that) we have ever experienced.今天是我們經(jīng)歷過(guò)最寒

7、冷的一天。（2）先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾2. the first thing (that) you have to do is to study mathematics.你必須做的第一件事就是學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)。、3、先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)。3. the driver and the car that had fallen into the sea were quickly recovered.掉到海里的司機(jī)和車(chē)子很快就被撈起來(lái)了。、4、主句中已有疑問(wèn)詞 who 或 which 時(shí)4.1 who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?在大會(huì)上被表?yè)P(yáng)的那位婦女

8、是誰(shuí)？4.2 which is the picture (that) mary painted?哪一幅是 mary 畫(huà)的畫(huà)？（5） 先行詞被 only、any、few、little、no、all、one of、the same、the very 等修飾時(shí)。5. li ming is the only one that wants to be a teacher. 李明是唯一一個(gè)想當(dāng)老師的學(xué)生之一。（6） 先行詞為 all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything 等不定代詞時(shí)。6.1 all (that) he said was not true.

9、 他所說(shuō)的并非全是真的。6.2 we havent got much that we can offer you. 我們沒(méi)有多少東西能身你們提供。6.3 my brother fixed almost anything that needed repairing. 我哥哥幾乎修理了任何一個(gè)需要修理的東西。（7） 有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用 which,另一個(gè)宜用 that.7. edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.愛(ài)迪生辦了一家工廠(chǎng)，生產(chǎn)過(guò)去從未見(jiàn)到過(guò)的東西。在

10、定語(yǔ)從句中，下列情況的關(guān)系詞宜用 which 而不用 that(1) 可用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，代替物、整個(gè)主句或主句中的一部分。(2) 可用于介詞之后，即介詞 + which (代物)。1.is that the man?you lent the money to him.is that the man (whom/that) you lent the money to .那位就是跟你借錢(qián)的人嗎？is that the man to whom you lent the money ?(這里的 whom 不能被 that 代替)2. the train for which i am waiti

11、ng is now half an hour late. 那班我正在等的火車(chē)現(xiàn)在已晚了半小時(shí)。3. this is the habit which you must try to do with. 這是你必須改掉的習(xí)慣。（如果是固定短語(yǔ)，介詞不能被提到關(guān)系代詞前）4、關(guān)系代詞 who/whom 的用法先行詞格主格所有格賓格人whowhose = of whomwho / whom1. this is the man with whom i worked. 這位就是和我一起工作的人2. this is the teacher who often tells jokes. 這就是那個(gè)常講笑話(huà)的老師

12、。5、關(guān)系詞 who 與 that 的區(qū)別關(guān)系詞 who 與 that 指人時(shí)，也有不同情況分別用不同的關(guān)系詞（1） 當(dāng)主句是 there be 句型時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用 who。（2） 先行詞是為 anyone、those、someone、everyone、one 等詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用 who。（3） 當(dāng)主句是 who 作疑問(wèn)詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用 that。who is that girl that is standing by the window?、4、whom 在從句中只作賓語(yǔ)，可被 who 取代。6、關(guān)系代詞 whose 的用法先行詞格主格所有格賓格人、物-whose=of which-whose 是

13、代詞的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物1. he looked for a car.its engine was in good condition.= he looked for a car whose engine was in good condition.他在找一部引擎狀況好的車(chē)子。先行詞格主格所有格賓格7、what 的用法含先行詞what-what重點(diǎn)：what = the thing(s) which= all that= anything that1. the thing which i want is peace of mind.= what i want is peace of

14、 mind. 我所析是心靈的平靜。（經(jīng)典口語(yǔ)句）2. she told the detectives all that they wanted to know.= she told the detectives what they wanted to know. 她告訴偵探們他們想要知道的所有事情。3. i dont know what they were talking about.a. 我不知道他們談?wù)摰氖虑椤＃P(guān)系代詞）b. 我不知道他們?cè)谡務(wù)撌裁?。（疑?wèn)詞）注意 what 的重點(diǎn)：1. what is called/ what we(you, they) call所謂的she is w

15、hat is called /what we call a walking dictionary. 他是所謂的活字典。2. a is to. what b is to . a 之對(duì).的關(guān)系正如 b 之對(duì).的關(guān)系air is to us what water is to fish. 空氣之于人猶如水之于魚(yú)。3. what a is (was/used to be) 今日的 a（昔日的 a）she is not what she was ten years ago. 她不再是十年前的她。4. what is + 比 較級(jí)更.的是what is more 更好的是；而且what is worse =

16、 to make matters worse 而且更糟的是8、關(guān)系代詞可省略1. 關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)可省略the lady (whom) we met on the street is our teacher.我們?cè)诮稚嫌鲆?jiàn)的女士是我們的老師。2. 關(guān)系代詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)可省略she is not the beautiful girl (that) she was.她現(xiàn)在不像以前那么漂亮3. 在 there(here) is (are)的句型中，關(guān)系代詞可省略。1. there is someone (who) wants to see you.有人想要見(jiàn)你。2. there are many young

17、 men who are against him. 有許多年輕人反對(duì)他。注意：在 there be 開(kāi)頭的句子中，要注意 be 動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)要與關(guān)系代詞 who 后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。4. 關(guān)系代詞后有 there(here) is (are) ,關(guān)系代詞可省略。this is the only tie (that) there is in this store. 這是這家店里唯一的一個(gè)領(lǐng)帶。9、one of 與 the (only) one of 的區(qū)別1. one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + 關(guān)系代詞 + 動(dòng)詞的復(fù)數(shù)titanic is one of the most wonder

18、ful movies that have been produced in hollywood.泰坦尼克號(hào)是好萊塢制作的最精彩的電影之一。2. the (only) one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + 關(guān)系代詞 + 動(dòng)詞單數(shù)titanic is the (only) one of the most wonderful movies that has been produced in hollywood.泰坦尼克號(hào)是好萊塢所制作的唯一一部精彩的電影。10、which 與 as 的區(qū)別1. which 引導(dǎo)的從句，代表前面的整個(gè)主句，此時(shí)，不能放在主句之前。2. as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,代表整個(gè)主句，它

19、可以放主句之前或之后,as 在從句中做賓語(yǔ)。as everybody know, taiwan belongs to china.= as is known to us, taiwan belongs to china. 眾所周知，臺(tái)灣屬于中國(guó)。3. 先行詞是整個(gè)句子的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句置于句尾時(shí)，既可用 as 引導(dǎo)，也可用 which 引導(dǎo). the teacher is from beijing, as/which they know from his accent.他們從老師的口音中就知道他是北京人。mary lives in an old castle, whose window fac

20、es the sea.= mary lives in an old castle, the window of which faces the sea.瑪麗住在一座古老的城堡中，城堡的窗戶(hù)面向著大海。11、限定性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的用法限定性定語(yǔ)從句：對(duì)先行詞的內(nèi)容加以限定。非限定性定語(yǔ)從句:對(duì)先行詞不加限定，只具有使句子連續(xù)的功能，只用來(lái)說(shuō)明前面的主句的部份或全部。關(guān)系代詞可用（and/but/because/for 等 + 代名詞）來(lái)替換。1. we have two daughters who became nurses.我們有兩個(gè)當(dāng)護(hù)士的女兒。（句中沒(méi)提到女兒的總數(shù)）2. we

21、 have two daughters, who became nurses. 我們有兩個(gè)女兒，她們都是護(hù)士。（只有兩個(gè)女兒）= we have two daughters, and they became nurses.3. i have a sister who is a teacher. 我有一個(gè)當(dāng)老師的姐姐（姐姐不止一個(gè)）= i have a sister, who is a teacher. 我有一個(gè)姐姐，她是當(dāng)老師的。（只有一個(gè)姐姐）4. i bought a hat, which was too big for me.= i bought a hat, but it was to

22、o big for me.我買(mǎi)了一頂帽子，但我戴太大了。12、關(guān)系副詞1. 關(guān)系副詞的作用：1.1 在定語(yǔ)從句中代替先行詞。1.2 在從句中做狀語(yǔ)，起副詞和介詞短語(yǔ)的作用。1.3 起連接作用，它把兩個(gè)句子連接成為一個(gè)帶有定語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。2. 關(guān)系副詞有下列三種：1.1 where :在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，指代地點(diǎn)。（可用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句） 即： 表地點(diǎn)的名詞 + where + 定語(yǔ)從句1.2 when :在從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，指代時(shí)間。（可用于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句） 即： 表時(shí)間的名詞 + when + 定語(yǔ)從句1.3 why : 在從句中做原因狀語(yǔ)，指代原因。即： 表原因的名詞 reaso

23、n + why + 定語(yǔ)從句why 只用于 reason 之后的限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，作原因狀語(yǔ)。3. when, where, why 都可以替換成“介詞 + which”,介詞的選用取決于先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞。1. this is the house where i was born .這就是我出生的那所房子。= this is the house in which i was born.= this is the house which / that /可省 i was born in.4. 關(guān)系副詞 when, where 既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，也可引導(dǎo)非限必定語(yǔ)從句。5. 先行詞為

24、 reason 時(shí)，限制性定語(yǔ)從句可以用 why 或 for which 來(lái)引導(dǎo)；非限制性定從句則只能用 for which 來(lái)引導(dǎo)。1. i had told them the reason,i didnt attend the meeting.a. for whichb. at whichc. for whomd. why2. i had told them the reasoni didnt attend the meeting.a. whenb. whichc. whyd. for that 6.whom 在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中可以被 who 代替，但在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，whom 不能用

25、 who 代替。7.關(guān)系副詞 when 與 where、why、thatwhen 指 時(shí) 間 = in / at / on / during which where 指 地 點(diǎn) = in / at / from / which why 指原因 = for which當(dāng)先行詞為 way、day、reason、time 時(shí)，可用 that 作關(guān)系副詞。（非正式場(chǎng)合）i dont like the way that / in which / he talks. 我不喜歡他說(shuō)話(huà)的樣子。當(dāng) time 作先行詞時(shí)，關(guān)系詞可以省掉。this is the first time i have given yo

26、u a lesson in french.8. 帶 reason 的定語(yǔ)從句與表語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：1. 定語(yǔ)從句: the reason why (that).2. 表語(yǔ)從句：the reason is that .（不能用 why, 否則就重復(fù)了）1. do you know the reason why he was late? 你知道他為什么遲到了嗎？2. the reason is that i want to invite you to a party. 原因就是我想邀請(qǐng)你參加一個(gè)晚會(huì)。13、關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別1. 關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)；關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。1. thi

27、s is the house where i work now. 這就是我現(xiàn)在工作的房子。2. this is the house (that/which) i visited. 這就是我參觀(guān)過(guò)的房子。3. ill never forget the day when i joined the army. 我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了我參軍的那一天。4. ill never forget the day (that/which) we spent together. 我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了我們一起度過(guò)的那一天。14、such . as .和 the same . as .的用法（as 在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)）1.

28、such . as . 像. 一樣的,像. 之類(lèi)2. the same . as . 和. 同樣的1. my best friend is not the same man as he was.我最好的朋友和過(guò)去不同了。2. this is the same thing as we are in need of. 這東西和我們所需要的東西是一樣的。3. this book is not such as i expect. 這不是一本我所希望的書(shū)。15、the same . as .與 the same . that .的用法1. the same . that .; 和. 相同（同一）2. t

29、he same . as .; 和. 相同（同類(lèi)）兩者都引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，意思相近或相同，但如果從句中省去謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須用 as 代替 that.1. he works in the same shop as / that i do. 他和我在同一個(gè)車(chē)間干活。2. she is the same age as you. 她和你同歲。注意：1. this is the same pen that i lost. 這支鋼筆就是我丟掉的那一支（指同一支筆）2. this is the same kind of pen as i lost. 這支鋼筆跟我丟掉的一模一樣（但并不是原來(lái)的那一支）12、必須注意的

30、問(wèn)題（1） 關(guān)系詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句中謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)。（2） 注意區(qū)別定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句。定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞作從句成分，復(fù)合句。強(qiáng)調(diào) it 無(wú)意義，that / who 不是引導(dǎo)詞。強(qiáng)調(diào) it is / was 和 that / who 后如果句子意思講得通則是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，講不通則不是。（3） 定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞被稱(chēng)為關(guān)系詞，that 充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。有時(shí)可省略。同位語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞被叫做連詞，that 不能充當(dāng)任何成分，不可省。word came that their army was defeated.(同位語(yǔ))we expressed to them our wish that

31、was the same as their.(定語(yǔ))（4） 關(guān)系詞在從句中省略的情況。關(guān)系詞作賓語(yǔ)，前無(wú)介詞時(shí)。關(guān)系詞作表語(yǔ)。（5） 限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯。（6） 關(guān)系詞前有介詞或復(fù)雜介詞，關(guān)系詞只能是 which 和 whom。（7） 幾個(gè)特殊的定語(yǔ)從句句型：he is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.（句中 one 為先行詞）he is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中 stud

32、ents 為先行詞）is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?he stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.it may rain, in which case the match will be put off.精典名題導(dǎo)解選擇填空1. the film brought the hours back to mei was taken good

33、care of in that faraway village.（nmet 2001）a.untilb.thatc.whend.where解析：答案為 c。本題考查分隔定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞的選擇。作好本題的關(guān)鍵是要能辨認(rèn)出該定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞 the hours 和關(guān)系詞被介詞短語(yǔ) to me 所分隔。定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是表時(shí)間的名詞 hours, 并且關(guān)系詞在從句中用作狀語(yǔ)， 故應(yīng)選擇表示時(shí)間的關(guān)系副詞 when。2. is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month.(nmet 2001)a.itb.

34、asc.thatd.what解析：答案為 b。本題考查 as 引導(dǎo)的非限制定語(yǔ)從句。as 作“正如”解時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)修飾整個(gè)句子。當(dāng) as 在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用于下列短語(yǔ)：as is known、as is said、as is reported、as is announced 等。要注意掌握作關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的用法。3. after living in pairs for fifty years he returned to the small townhe grew up as a child.(nmet 1996)a.whichb.wherec.thatd.when解

35、析：答案為 b。本題考查限制性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞的選擇。定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞短語(yǔ) the small town, 且關(guān)系詞不作定語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)而作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，因此定語(yǔ)從句必須用關(guān)系副詞 where 引導(dǎo)。要注意分清先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?，然后選擇適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞。定語(yǔ)從句的“干擾”作用定語(yǔ)從句，就其功能來(lái)說(shuō)，在整個(gè)句子中相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，對(duì)某一名詞或代詞起著修飾作用，作定語(yǔ)。在掌握它的各種功能的同時(shí)，我們還要注意到含有定語(yǔ)從句的句子在補(bǔ)充信息的同時(shí)，關(guān)系詞與其他連詞容易混淆，尤其是與其他句式的結(jié)合，更使得整個(gè)句子顯得撲朔迷離，使考生感到無(wú)從下手，我們說(shuō)此時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句起的是干擾作用。本

36、文結(jié)合具體例子來(lái)談此種現(xiàn)象。一、 把定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型混為一談，從而構(gòu)成相互干擾。本句型變化的特征在被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分或其他部分中找出一個(gè)先行詞，附上修飾該部分的定語(yǔ)從句，這樣整個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)就變得非常復(fù)雜。例如：1. he was nearly drowned once.when was?was in 1998he was in middle school.a. that; it; whenb. this; this; whenc. this; it; thatd. that; it; that簡(jiǎn)析：本題答案為 a。由于定語(yǔ)從句的干擾作用，相當(dāng)一部分考生選了 d。這樣就成了 it was in 1998

37、 that he was in middle school.這樣就成了一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，意為“是在 1998 年他上的中學(xué)”，孤立地看本句雖成立，但聯(lián)系上下文來(lái)看，卻屬“所問(wèn)非所答”。因?yàn)樯衔膯?wèn)的是“他何時(shí)差點(diǎn)每被淹死？”而非“何時(shí)上的中學(xué)”。原來(lái) when 是關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 1998。定語(yǔ)從句 when he was in middle school 干擾了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的 that 結(jié)構(gòu)。在下面的兩個(gè)句子里，劃線(xiàn)部分均為起干擾性的定語(yǔ)從句。2. it was in the village where he was born that he spent his childhood. 簡(jiǎn)

38、析：劃線(xiàn)部分為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞 village。3. it was playing computer games that cost the boy plenty of time （that）he ought to have spent doing his lessons.簡(jiǎn)析：劃線(xiàn)部分作定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞 time。本題中有兩個(gè) that，最大的誤會(huì)就是把二者弄混，第一個(gè) that 是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的；第二個(gè) that 是關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的。因其作 spent 的賓語(yǔ)，可以省去。二、 定語(yǔ)從句干擾主句的謂語(yǔ)。4. the letter we were looking forward to

39、yesterday.a. coming b. came c. come d. has come簡(jiǎn)析：由于同學(xué)們已經(jīng)記得很熟，look forward to doing sth(期待去做某事), to 為介詞，因此不假思索就選 a。其實(shí)，we were looking forward to 為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞即主語(yǔ) letter，介詞 to 的賓語(yǔ)實(shí)為主語(yǔ)，而不能對(duì)其后的謂語(yǔ)起任何作用，結(jié)合時(shí)態(tài)用法，答案為 b。再如：5. was the car he had repaired?簡(jiǎn)析：本句看似復(fù)雜，尤其是受思維習(xí)慣的影響把 he had repaired 連在一起，其實(shí)去掉定語(yǔ)從句 he h

40、ad 則水落石出： was the car repaired?三、 定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)和名詞性從句的相互干擾。由于形式上的近似，定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)名詞性從句起著干擾作用，造成考生分不清究竟是定語(yǔ)從句或是名詞性從句。做此類(lèi)題時(shí)要慎重，細(xì)心。a定語(yǔ)從句干擾表語(yǔ)從句6. is this schoolyour father worked in ten years ago? 7is this schoolyour father worked ten years ago?a. where b. what c. that d. the one簡(jiǎn)析：看了半天，眼睛發(fā)酸，才發(fā)現(xiàn)兩題只有一詞(in)之差，正是這一詞之差，第一題選

41、 d，your father worked in 作定語(yǔ)從句修飾 the one; 第二題選 a, where 引導(dǎo)后面的句子作表語(yǔ)從句。下面兩句都是定語(yǔ)從句，只不過(guò)是關(guān)系詞的不同。8is this the school that your father visited ten years ago? 9is this the school where your father worked ten years ago? 有時(shí)雖同為定語(yǔ)從句，但修飾的先行詞卻不同：10is this room the one he lived in last year? （修飾 the one） 11is this

42、 the room he lived in last year? （修飾 the room）b. 定語(yǔ)從句干擾同位語(yǔ)從句12. the suggestionyou should do it at once is not the onei gave you.a. what; which b. which; what c. that; that d. which; that簡(jiǎn)析：定語(yǔ)從句與前面的名詞是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系，而同位語(yǔ)從句是用來(lái)說(shuō)明前面名詞的內(nèi)容。與 that 從句同位的名詞必須是一些表事實(shí)或概念的抽象名詞，如 fact, news, belief, truth, reply，promi

43、se, suggestion 等。that 在定語(yǔ)從句中做成分，可用 which或 who/whom 代替；而 that 在同位語(yǔ)從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，只起連接作用, 綜上所述，答案為 c。試比較：13. we all have heard the news that our team won. (同位語(yǔ)從句，that 從句表示 news 的內(nèi)容，that 在此只起連接作用，不作句子成分。)14. we dont believe the news that/ which he told us the other day. (定語(yǔ)從句， 關(guān)系代詞 that/which作 told 的賓語(yǔ)，可

44、以省去) c定語(yǔ)從句干擾主語(yǔ)從句15. as is known to all, taiwan is part of china.簡(jiǎn)析：as 引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，指代主句內(nèi)容，可放在主句前，用逗號(hào)與之隔開(kāi)。16. it is known to all that taiwan is part of china. 簡(jiǎn)析：it 作形式主語(yǔ)，代替 that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。下面是一些同類(lèi)的例子，請(qǐng)認(rèn)真把握：17. the suggestion he thought of was reasonable. (定語(yǔ)從句)18. the suggestion was that he (should) leav

45、e immediately.（表語(yǔ)從句） 19the suggestion that he leave immediately is reasonable. (同位語(yǔ)從句) 20it is my suggestion that he leave immediately. (主語(yǔ)從句)21. it is a fact that he was a thief. （主語(yǔ)從句）22. the fact that he was a thief surprised everyone present. （同位語(yǔ)從句）23i nearly forgot the fact that he told me yes

46、terday. （定語(yǔ)從句） 24the war and suffering it caused affected him greatly. （定語(yǔ)從句） 四、 定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)狀語(yǔ)從句的干擾作用。25. he isa clever boywe all like him.a. such; that b. such; as c. so; that d. so; as簡(jiǎn)析：本題選 a。許多考生對(duì) such as 結(jié)構(gòu)很熟悉，但沒(méi)有深入分析 as 的引導(dǎo)功能和在句子中所作的成分而誤選b。由于句中 him 的存在，不能使用 as，這是 suchthat 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。試比較下列兩句：26. he is

47、 such a good student as is liked by everyone. (定語(yǔ)從句)27. he is such a good student that he is liked by everyone. （結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句） 下面這個(gè)題把定語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句有機(jī)地結(jié)合在一起，請(qǐng)欣賞：28. it is such a good placeeverybody wants to go and visitit is well known all over the world.a. that; that b. as; as c. as; that d. that; as簡(jiǎn)析：此類(lèi)試題可

48、看作一個(gè)模式：“such+名詞+as+定語(yǔ)從句+that+結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句”，故答案選 c。五、 定語(yǔ)從句與獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的相互干擾。29. with everything she needed bought, she left the shop happily.簡(jiǎn)析：句中的劃線(xiàn)部分為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞 everything，使獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化。30. not far from the club, there was a garden,owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon.a. whose b. i

49、ts c. which d. that簡(jiǎn)析：經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)多名學(xué)生的實(shí)驗(yàn)，幾乎都把空格所在的句子看作非限定性定語(yǔ)從句而選了 a。殊不知，這是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu) ，its owner 作 seated 的邏輯主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)選 b。如選 a，應(yīng)在 owner 和 seated 之間加上 was。六、 定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)主謂一致句式的干擾31. one of the boys whomy friendsvery good at english.a. is; are b. are; is c. is; is d. are; are簡(jiǎn)析：定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須與先行詞的數(shù)保持一致，這就要找準(zhǔn)先行詞。關(guān)鍵是看準(zhǔn)定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的是 one 或是 boys。如是 one of，定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；如是 the (only) one of ，定語(yǔ)從句